The health benefits of clowning around | Matthew A. Wilson

75,445 views ・ 2020-02-26

TED


请双击下面的英文字幕来播放视频。

翻译人员: Wanting Zhong 校对人员: Jin Ge
00:12
I danced with Bella for the first time
0
12958
1851
当《你如此美丽》响彻房间时, (注:知名意第绪语歌曲)
00:14
as Bei Mir Bistu Shein filled the room.
1
14833
2601
我第一次和贝拉跳舞。
00:17
And her blue eyes locked with mine.
2
17458
2084
她的蓝眼睛与我深情对视。
00:19
We took turns singing
3
19875
1684
我们交替着唱歌
00:21
and forgetting the words.
4
21583
1435
与忘词。
00:23
She led, I followed.
5
23042
1267
她领舞,我跟从。
00:24
A waltz step here,
6
24333
2060
这里来一步华尔兹,
00:26
a shimmy here.
7
26417
1267
这里来一点摇摆舞。
00:27
(Rattle sound)
8
27708
1101
(沙沙声)
00:28
(Laughter)
9
28833
1250
(笑声)
00:31
Hands on our hearts,
10
31000
1434
我们手捂心口,
00:32
our foreheads touching,
11
32458
1268
额头相抵,
00:33
as we communicated through movement and music,
12
33750
2601
以动作和音乐交流,
00:36
making sense through nonsense.
13
36375
2643
在无稽中寻找意义。
00:39
Bella is 83 and lives with dementia.
14
39042
2892
贝拉 83 岁,患有失智症。
00:41
The dance gives us a chance to find each other.
15
41958
3143
这一支舞让我们有机会 找到彼此。
00:45
How did I learn to dance with dementia?
16
45125
1858
我如何学会同失智症舞蹈?
00:47
Because I'm not a dancer.
17
47007
1261
因为我并非舞者,
00:48
And I'm not a doctor.
18
48292
1684
也不是医生,
00:50
But I've played one in the hospital.
19
50000
2101
虽说我在医院里 扮演过医生。
00:52
(Laughs)
20
52125
1851
(笑声)
00:54
I'm a clown doctor.
21
54000
2059
我是一名小丑医生。
00:56
Or a medical clown.
22
56083
2226
或者说是医疗小丑。
00:58
My tools are whoopee cushions,
23
58333
2750
我的工具有放屁坐垫,
01:05
shakers
24
65250
1268
沙锤,
01:06
(Shaker rattles)
25
66542
1958
(沙锤作响)
01:09
and a red nose.
26
69583
1768
和红鼻子。
01:11
You know the old adage "laughter is the best medicine?"
27
71375
4101
你听说过“欢笑是最好的良药” 这句格言吧?
01:15
I hear that a lot.
28
75500
1268
我常常听到这句话。
01:16
Now, at the same time, there are studies to support it,
29
76792
2601
同时它有研究支持,
01:19
but right now,
30
79417
1267
不过现在,
01:20
I'd like to take you behind the nose and go beyond the laughter
31
80708
2976
我想要带各位看看鼻子后面, 去到笑声那一头,
01:23
and share a few things that I've seen skating through ICUs.
32
83708
2810
分享我滑行穿过重症监护室 时看到的一些事。
01:26
In my Heelys.
33
86542
1351
穿着我的 Heelys 暴走鞋。
01:27
Size 11.
34
87917
1250
11 码。
01:29
Because I take medical clowning
35
89917
2392
因为我对待医疗小丑的工作
01:32
very, very seriously.
36
92333
3143
非常、非常严肃。
01:35
(Deflating sound)
37
95500
1143
(泄气声)
01:36
(Laughter)
38
96667
1166
(笑声)
01:38
(Deflating sound)
39
98667
1150
(泄气声)
01:40
(Deflating sound)
40
100951
1150
(泄气声)
01:42
(Laughter)
41
102125
1184
(笑声)
01:43
My mentor was conducting clown rounds in the hospital
42
103333
2685
我的导师正在医院里 进行小丑巡演,
01:46
when he was approached by a nurse.
43
106042
1642
这时一位护士走了过来。
01:47
They needed to put a tube up the kid's nose.
44
107708
2185
他们需要把管子插进小朋友的鼻子。
01:49
Kid didn't want to do it,
45
109917
1267
小朋友表示拒绝,
01:51
so rather than hold the kid down,
46
111208
1601
他们并不想按住小朋友,
01:52
they asked my colleague if he could help.
47
112833
1953
转而问我的同事能不能帮忙。
01:54
So the clown asked for a second tube
48
114810
2291
于是小丑问他们拿了另一根管,
01:57
and shoved it up his own nose.
49
117125
2143
把它塞进了自己的鼻子。
01:59
Kid of like this.
50
119292
1250
就像这样。
02:01
Oh, please don't do this at home.
51
121583
2209
哦对了,请不要在家里模仿。
02:10
(Laughter)
52
130875
1184
(笑声)
02:12
Now, the kid saw this,
53
132083
2726
小朋友看到之后,
02:14
grabbed his own tube
54
134833
1768
抄起了自己的管子,
02:16
and promptly stuck it up his own nose,
55
136625
2226
迅速把它塞进了自己的鼻子,
02:18
kind of like this.
56
138875
1292
就像这样。
02:27
(Applause)
57
147000
4601
(掌声)
02:31
The clowns, the nurse and the patient
58
151625
2476
小丑,护士和患者
02:34
discovered a creative solution for their situation together.
59
154125
3518
一同为他们的状况 发现了创意的解决办法。
02:37
And guess what, there's research to back this up.
60
157667
2351
而且你猜怎么着, 这是有研究支持的。
02:40
Randomized controlled trials in Israel and Italy
61
160042
2767
在以色列和意大利进行的 随机对照试验显示,
02:42
show that medical clowns can be as effective as tranquilizers
62
162833
3101
医疗小丑和镇静剂同等有效,
02:45
with no side effects.
63
165958
1393
而且没有副作用。
02:47
In 2004, I started conducting my own clown rounds
64
167375
3018
在 2004 年,我在纽约市的 纪念斯隆-凯特琳癌症中心
02:50
at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City.
65
170417
3184
开始了自己的小丑表演。
02:53
My colleague and I were invited to accompany a young six-year-old
66
173625
3059
我和我的同事受邀
陪伴一位操着最可爱南方口音 的六岁小朋友,
02:56
with the most adorable southern accent,
67
176708
2018
02:58
to accompany him while he got his chemotherapy port flushed,
68
178750
2893
在他的化疗接口冲洗时陪伴他,
03:01
a very uncomfortable and regular procedure.
69
181667
2059
这是一个非常难受却频繁的步骤。
03:03
We joined him, his mom and the nurse
70
183750
2434
我们和小朋友、他妈妈和护士
03:06
in this tiny, closed curtain cubicle.
71
186208
2893
一起待在这个狭小封闭 的挂帘隔间中。
03:09
Every medical clown encounter begins by obtaining consent from the patient.
72
189125
3809
医疗小丑每次干预前, 都要先从病人处获得同意。
03:12
So we ask him if we can be there.
73
192958
2351
因此我们问他, 我们可不可以待在那里。
03:15
He says, "Sure."
74
195333
1268
他回答说,“当然可以。”
03:16
We're often the one element that a child could control
75
196625
2559
我们通常是一个住院的小孩
能控制的唯一要素。
03:19
while they're in the hospital.
76
199208
1476
03:20
So we start with a card trick,
77
200708
2143
于是我们以一个纸牌魔术开始,
03:22
fan the deck so he can pick.
78
202875
1476
将一叠纸牌扇形铺开, 让他从中挑选。
03:24
But as soon as the nurse approaches with the needle
79
204375
2434
但当护士举着针过来
03:26
to flush the port,
80
206833
1268
准备清洗接口时,
03:28
he starts screaming and cussing
81
208125
1643
他开始尖叫爆粗,
03:29
like no six-year-old I'd ever heard in my life.
82
209792
2559
我从来没有听过六岁小孩 叫骂得这么厉害。
03:32
So we say, "Hey, should we come back later?"
83
212375
2101
于是我们说, “要不要我们等会儿再过来?”
03:34
He stops, mouth open,
84
214500
2434
他停了下来,嘴巴大张,
03:36
eyes wet with tears, face flushed pink with anger,
85
216958
3560
眼睛被泪水打湿, 小脸因愤怒涨红,
03:40
and he smiles,
86
220542
1309
然后他露出了笑容,
03:41
"Oh no, you're fine, I want you to be here."
87
221875
2976
“哦不用,没关系, 我想让你们留在这里。”
03:44
OK.
88
224875
1268
好的。
03:46
So we start playing a song,
89
226167
1351
于是我们开始演奏歌曲,
03:47
my colleague on recorder, me on whoopee cushion.
90
227542
2976
我的同事吹着竖笛, 我则用放屁坐垫。
03:50
The nurse approaches with the needle,
91
230542
1809
护士拿着针过来,
03:52
and it happens again, this torrent of four-letter words.
92
232375
2750
滔滔不绝的粗口又开始了。
03:56
He went from playing and laughing
93
236583
2018
他在玩耍欢笑
03:58
to screaming and crying,
94
238625
1434
与尖叫大哭之间
04:00
back and forth until the procedure was complete.
95
240083
2310
反复切换, 直到整个过程结束。
04:02
For the first time,
96
242417
1267
这是我第一次
04:03
I experienced this odd duality of joy and suffering.
97
243708
3768
体验这种喜悦与痛苦 的怪异二重奏。
04:07
But not for the last time.
98
247500
1393
但这并不是最后一次。
04:08
See, when we're there, we're not there merely to distract
99
248917
2976
当我们在场时, 我们并不只是要转移注意力,
04:11
or make anyone feel better per se.
100
251917
1892
或是让某人感觉变好。
04:13
The medical clowns work moment by moment
101
253833
2268
医疗小丑每时每刻的工作
04:16
to create connections between the clowns,
102
256125
2559
都在小丑、护士、家长和小孩之间
04:18
the nurse, the parent and the child.
103
258708
2518
建立联系。
04:21
This provides a source of power or control for the child
104
261250
3309
这能为孩子提供力量 或是掌控感的来源,
04:24
while supporting the staff with their work.
105
264583
2685
同时也支持了医护人员的工作。
04:27
I've spent over a decade bringing joy and delight
106
267292
2851
我有十几年时间 都在纽约顶尖的医院里
04:30
to the bedsides of terminally ill children
107
270167
2059
在身患绝症的孩子们的病床边
04:32
in the top hospitals in New York City.
108
272250
1810
为他们带来快乐与喜悦。
04:34
And you know what I've learned?
109
274084
1584
你知道我学到了什么吗?
04:36
Everyone's hurting.
110
276625
1768
所有人都在受伤。
04:38
Staff, family, patients.
111
278417
2934
医护人员,家庭,患者。
04:41
The patient's in the hospital because they're hurting.
112
281375
2559
患者因为伤痛入院。
04:43
The family's hurting as they navigate uncertainty, grief
113
283958
2685
家庭在面对不确定性、悲伤 以及求医的经济负担时
04:46
and the financial burdens of care.
114
286667
1684
受到伤害。
04:48
The staff is hurting, only it's more than burnout.
115
288375
2351
医护人员们也在受伤, 而且不仅仅是工作疲劳。
04:50
More and more health care workers
116
290750
1601
越来越多医疗工作者表示,
04:52
are reporting feeling overworked and overextended.
117
292375
3476
自己觉得工作过度、消耗过度。
04:55
Now, I'm not so naive as to suggest
118
295875
2184
我还没有幼稚到建议
04:58
that the solution is to send in the clowns.
119
298083
2750
派出小丑就能解决问题。
05:02
(Laughter)
120
302750
2000
(笑声)
05:05
But what if?
121
305750
1268
但假如呢?
05:07
What if the tools of medical clown arts practitioners from around the world
122
307042
4059
假如世界各地医疗小丑 从业者的工具
05:11
permeated our entire health care system?
123
311125
2434
能够渗透我们整个医疗系统?
05:13
In 2018, at the Healthcare Clowning International Meeting,
124
313583
3935
2018 年,在医疗小丑国际会议上,
05:17
they represented over 150 programs in 50 different countries.
125
317542
4267
有 50 个不同国家, 150 多个项目参加。
05:21
University of Haifa
126
321833
1560
(以色列的)海法大学
05:23
offers a formal undergraduate degree program in medical clowning.
127
323417
4434
在提供正式的医疗小丑 本科学位项目。
05:27
Argentina has passed laws requiring the presence of medical clowns
128
327875
4601
阿根廷已经通过了法律, 要求最大省份的公共医院
05:32
in public hospitals at their largest province.
129
332500
2476
必须配备医疗小丑。
05:35
And this work affects more than the patients.
130
335000
2101
而这些工作影响的 并不只是患者。
05:37
It makes things better for the whole health care team.
131
337125
2559
它也能造福整个医疗团队。
05:39
One of my favorite games to play in the hospital
132
339708
2310
我在医院里最喜欢玩的游戏
05:42
is elevator music.
133
342042
1267
是电梯音乐。
05:43
I love elevators, because they're a place
134
343333
2518
我很喜爱电梯,
因为它们是道路交汇、 世界相遇的地方。
05:45
where paths cross, different worlds meet.
135
345875
3059
05:48
It's intimate,
136
348958
1643
它很亲密,
05:50
uncomfortably quiet
137
350625
1518
安静到让人不自在,
05:52
and just begging for a little playful disruption.
138
352167
2976
实在是需要一点 俏皮的小插曲。
05:55
The doors close
139
355167
1351
电梯门关上,
05:56
and "The Girl from Ipanema" starts playing on Hammond organ,
140
356542
3559
《伊帕内玛姑娘》开始 在电风琴上演奏,
06:00
because I keep a portable speaker hidden in my pocket.
141
360125
3893
因为我的口袋里 藏了一个便携式音箱。
06:04
So for those used to using the silent, sterile elevator,
142
364042
3142
对于那些习惯了安静洁净 的电梯的人们来说,
06:07
it's a moment of surprise.
143
367208
1310
这是令人惊讶的一瞬。
06:08
Folks have permission to acknowledge or not this disruption.
144
368542
3375
大伙们有认可或无视 这个小插曲的自由。
06:14
The game grows with every stop,
145
374000
1851
游戏随着电梯每次停下增长,
06:15
because as soon as the elevator stops,
146
375875
2393
因为每当电梯停下时,
06:18
the music stops.
147
378292
1267
音乐也随之停止。
06:19
New passengers get on,
148
379583
1268
新的乘员进入电梯,
06:20
and the current passengers get to witness the new passengers --
149
380875
3559
原有的乘员得以围观新的乘员——
06:24
their surprise -- as they hear the elevator music for the first time.
150
384458
3435
当他们第一次听到电梯音乐时的惊讶。
06:27
You experience the shift of adults
151
387917
3851
你能体验到这些成年人们的转变:
06:31
standing silently, strangers in an elevator,
152
391792
3601
从安静站在电梯里的陌生人,
06:35
to attempting to suppress their mirth,
153
395417
2267
到试图掩饰自己的欢乐,
06:37
to, "Is this a party or an elevator,"
154
397708
2476
到“这是派对还是电梯”,
06:40
filled with full-on laughter.
155
400208
2476
充满了开怀的笑声。
06:42
Research conducted in Brazil,
156
402708
2476
在巴西、澳大利亚、加拿大和德国
06:45
Australia, Canada and Germany
157
405208
2476
进行的研究发现,
06:47
confirm that the artistic interventions of medical clowns
158
407708
3101
医疗小丑进行的艺术干预
06:50
improve the work environment for the staff, beyond the elevator,
159
410833
3060
可以改进医护人员的工作环境, 不止是电梯里,
06:53
and support their work administering care.
160
413917
2142
并能支持他们的医护工作。
06:56
Promising research in the US indicates
161
416083
1810
美国有潜力的研究表明,
06:57
that arts programing in the hospital
162
417917
2101
医院里的艺术项目
07:00
can improve the work environment,
163
420042
1642
可以改善工作环境,
07:01
leading to increased job satisfaction
164
421708
1893
增加工作满意度,
07:03
and better quality of care.
165
423625
1726
并提高医疗服务的质量。
07:05
My work has taught me
166
425375
1393
我的工作教会了我
07:06
how to actually be present.
167
426792
2767
如何置身其中。
07:09
How to breathe in a room with a person in pain.
168
429583
2810
如何与深受疼痛的人 在同一个房间呼吸。
07:12
How to connect
169
432417
1267
如何与人建立联系和信任,
07:13
and build trust, no matter the age, ability or illness.
170
433708
3560
无论他们的年龄、能力与病患。
07:17
And how medical clowning is an excellent way of using the arts
171
437292
2905
以及医疗小丑如何成为 一种出色的使用艺术
07:20
to put the care back in health care.
172
440221
2547
让关爱重返医疗的方式。
07:22
Thanks.
173
442792
1267
谢谢。
07:24
(Applause)
174
444083
3625
(掌声)
关于本网站

这个网站将向你介绍对学习英语有用的YouTube视频。你将看到来自世界各地的一流教师教授的英语课程。双击每个视频页面上显示的英文字幕,即可从那里播放视频。字幕会随着视频的播放而同步滚动。如果你有任何意见或要求,请使用此联系表与我们联系。

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7