The health benefits of clowning around | Matthew A. Wilson

翻译人员: Wanting Zhong 校对人员: Jin Ge

I danced with Bella for the first time

当《你如此美丽》响彻房间时， (注：知名意第绪语歌曲)

as Bei Mir Bistu Shein filled the room.

我第一次和贝拉跳舞。

And her blue eyes locked with mine.

她的蓝眼睛与我深情对视。

We took turns singing

我们交替着唱歌

and forgetting the words.

与忘词。

She led, I followed.

她领舞，我跟从。

A waltz step here,

这里来一步华尔兹，

a shimmy here.

这里来一点摇摆舞。

(Rattle sound)

（沙沙声）

(Laughter)

（笑声）

Hands on our hearts,

我们手捂心口，

our foreheads touching,

额头相抵，

as we communicated through movement and music,

以动作和音乐交流，

making sense through nonsense.

在无稽中寻找意义。

Bella is 83 and lives with dementia.

贝拉 83 岁，患有失智症。

The dance gives us a chance to find each other.

这一支舞让我们有机会 找到彼此。

How did I learn to dance with dementia?

我如何学会同失智症舞蹈？

Because I'm not a dancer.

因为我并非舞者，

And I'm not a doctor.

也不是医生，

But I've played one in the hospital.

虽说我在医院里 扮演过医生。

(Laughs)

（笑声）

I'm a clown doctor.

我是一名小丑医生。

Or a medical clown.

或者说是医疗小丑。

My tools are whoopee cushions,

我的工具有放屁坐垫，

shakers

沙锤，

(Shaker rattles)

（沙锤作响）

and a red nose.

和红鼻子。

You know the old adage "laughter is the best medicine?"

你听说过“欢笑是最好的良药” 这句格言吧？

I hear that a lot.

我常常听到这句话。

Now, at the same time, there are studies to support it,

同时它有研究支持，

but right now,

不过现在，

I'd like to take you behind the nose and go beyond the laughter

我想要带各位看看鼻子后面， 去到笑声那一头，

and share a few things that I've seen skating through ICUs.

分享我滑行穿过重症监护室 时看到的一些事。

In my Heelys.

穿着我的 Heelys 暴走鞋。

Size 11.

11 码。

Because I take medical clowning

因为我对待医疗小丑的工作

very, very seriously.

非常、非常严肃。

(Deflating sound)

（泄气声）

(Laughter)

（笑声）

(Deflating sound)

（泄气声）

(Deflating sound)

（泄气声）

(Laughter)

（笑声）

My mentor was conducting clown rounds in the hospital

我的导师正在医院里 进行小丑巡演，

when he was approached by a nurse.

这时一位护士走了过来。

They needed to put a tube up the kid's nose.

他们需要把管子插进小朋友的鼻子。

Kid didn't want to do it,

小朋友表示拒绝，

so rather than hold the kid down,

他们并不想按住小朋友，

they asked my colleague if he could help.

转而问我的同事能不能帮忙。

So the clown asked for a second tube

于是小丑问他们拿了另一根管，

and shoved it up his own nose.

把它塞进了自己的鼻子。

Kid of like this.

就像这样。

Oh, please don't do this at home.

哦对了，请不要在家里模仿。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

Now, the kid saw this,

小朋友看到之后，

grabbed his own tube

抄起了自己的管子，

and promptly stuck it up his own nose,

迅速把它塞进了自己的鼻子，

kind of like this.

就像这样。

(Applause)

（掌声）

The clowns, the nurse and the patient

小丑，护士和患者

discovered a creative solution for their situation together.

一同为他们的状况 发现了创意的解决办法。

And guess what, there's research to back this up.

而且你猜怎么着， 这是有研究支持的。

Randomized controlled trials in Israel and Italy

在以色列和意大利进行的 随机对照试验显示，

show that medical clowns can be as effective as tranquilizers

医疗小丑和镇静剂同等有效，

with no side effects.

而且没有副作用。

In 2004, I started conducting my own clown rounds

在 2004 年，我在纽约市的 纪念斯隆-凯特琳癌症中心

at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City.

开始了自己的小丑表演。

My colleague and I were invited to accompany a young six-year-old

我和我的同事受邀

陪伴一位操着最可爱南方口音 的六岁小朋友，

with the most adorable southern accent,

to accompany him while he got his chemotherapy port flushed,

在他的化疗接口冲洗时陪伴他，

a very uncomfortable and regular procedure.

这是一个非常难受却频繁的步骤。

We joined him, his mom and the nurse

我们和小朋友、他妈妈和护士

in this tiny, closed curtain cubicle.

一起待在这个狭小封闭 的挂帘隔间中。

Every medical clown encounter begins by obtaining consent from the patient.

医疗小丑每次干预前， 都要先从病人处获得同意。

So we ask him if we can be there.

因此我们问他， 我们可不可以待在那里。

He says, "Sure."

他回答说，“当然可以。”

We're often the one element that a child could control

我们通常是一个住院的小孩

能控制的唯一要素。

while they're in the hospital.

So we start with a card trick,

于是我们以一个纸牌魔术开始，

fan the deck so he can pick.

将一叠纸牌扇形铺开， 让他从中挑选。

But as soon as the nurse approaches with the needle

但当护士举着针过来

to flush the port,

准备清洗接口时，

he starts screaming and cussing

他开始尖叫爆粗，

like no six-year-old I'd ever heard in my life.

我从来没有听过六岁小孩 叫骂得这么厉害。

So we say, "Hey, should we come back later?"

于是我们说， “要不要我们等会儿再过来？”

He stops, mouth open,

他停了下来，嘴巴大张，

eyes wet with tears, face flushed pink with anger,

眼睛被泪水打湿， 小脸因愤怒涨红，

and he smiles,

然后他露出了笑容，

"Oh no, you're fine, I want you to be here."

“哦不用，没关系， 我想让你们留在这里。”

OK.

好的。

So we start playing a song,

于是我们开始演奏歌曲，

my colleague on recorder, me on whoopee cushion.

我的同事吹着竖笛， 我则用放屁坐垫。

The nurse approaches with the needle,

护士拿着针过来，

and it happens again, this torrent of four-letter words.

滔滔不绝的粗口又开始了。

He went from playing and laughing

他在玩耍欢笑

to screaming and crying,

与尖叫大哭之间

back and forth until the procedure was complete.

反复切换， 直到整个过程结束。

For the first time,

这是我第一次

I experienced this odd duality of joy and suffering.

体验这种喜悦与痛苦 的怪异二重奏。

But not for the last time.

但这并不是最后一次。

See, when we're there, we're not there merely to distract

当我们在场时， 我们并不只是要转移注意力，

or make anyone feel better per se.

或是让某人感觉变好。

The medical clowns work moment by moment

医疗小丑每时每刻的工作

to create connections between the clowns,

都在小丑、护士、家长和小孩之间

the nurse, the parent and the child.

建立联系。

This provides a source of power or control for the child

这能为孩子提供力量 或是掌控感的来源，

while supporting the staff with their work.

同时也支持了医护人员的工作。

I've spent over a decade bringing joy and delight

我有十几年时间 都在纽约顶尖的医院里

to the bedsides of terminally ill children

在身患绝症的孩子们的病床边

in the top hospitals in New York City.

为他们带来快乐与喜悦。

And you know what I've learned?

你知道我学到了什么吗？

Everyone's hurting.

所有人都在受伤。

Staff, family, patients.

医护人员，家庭，患者。

The patient's in the hospital because they're hurting.

患者因为伤痛入院。

The family's hurting as they navigate uncertainty, grief

家庭在面对不确定性、悲伤 以及求医的经济负担时

and the financial burdens of care.

受到伤害。

The staff is hurting, only it's more than burnout.

医护人员们也在受伤， 而且不仅仅是工作疲劳。

More and more health care workers

越来越多医疗工作者表示，

are reporting feeling overworked and overextended.

自己觉得工作过度、消耗过度。

Now, I'm not so naive as to suggest

我还没有幼稚到建议

that the solution is to send in the clowns.

派出小丑就能解决问题。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

But what if?

但假如呢？

What if the tools of medical clown arts practitioners from around the world

假如世界各地医疗小丑 从业者的工具

permeated our entire health care system?

能够渗透我们整个医疗系统？

In 2018, at the Healthcare Clowning International Meeting,

2018 年，在医疗小丑国际会议上，

they represented over 150 programs in 50 different countries.

有 50 个不同国家， 150 多个项目参加。

University of Haifa

（以色列的）海法大学

offers a formal undergraduate degree program in medical clowning.

在提供正式的医疗小丑 本科学位项目。

Argentina has passed laws requiring the presence of medical clowns

阿根廷已经通过了法律， 要求最大省份的公共医院

in public hospitals at their largest province.

必须配备医疗小丑。

And this work affects more than the patients.

而这些工作影响的 并不只是患者。

It makes things better for the whole health care team.

它也能造福整个医疗团队。

One of my favorite games to play in the hospital

我在医院里最喜欢玩的游戏

is elevator music.

是电梯音乐。

I love elevators, because they're a place

我很喜爱电梯，

因为它们是道路交汇、 世界相遇的地方。

where paths cross, different worlds meet.

It's intimate,

它很亲密，

uncomfortably quiet

安静到让人不自在，

and just begging for a little playful disruption.

实在是需要一点 俏皮的小插曲。

The doors close

电梯门关上，

and "The Girl from Ipanema" starts playing on Hammond organ,

《伊帕内玛姑娘》开始 在电风琴上演奏，

because I keep a portable speaker hidden in my pocket.

因为我的口袋里 藏了一个便携式音箱。

So for those used to using the silent, sterile elevator,

对于那些习惯了安静洁净 的电梯的人们来说，

it's a moment of surprise.

这是令人惊讶的一瞬。

Folks have permission to acknowledge or not this disruption.

大伙们有认可或无视 这个小插曲的自由。

The game grows with every stop,

游戏随着电梯每次停下增长，

because as soon as the elevator stops,

因为每当电梯停下时，

the music stops.

音乐也随之停止。

New passengers get on,

新的乘员进入电梯，

and the current passengers get to witness the new passengers --

原有的乘员得以围观新的乘员——

their surprise -- as they hear the elevator music for the first time.

当他们第一次听到电梯音乐时的惊讶。

You experience the shift of adults

你能体验到这些成年人们的转变：

standing silently, strangers in an elevator,

从安静站在电梯里的陌生人，

to attempting to suppress their mirth,

到试图掩饰自己的欢乐，

to, "Is this a party or an elevator,"

到“这是派对还是电梯”，

filled with full-on laughter.

充满了开怀的笑声。

Research conducted in Brazil,

在巴西、澳大利亚、加拿大和德国

Australia, Canada and Germany

进行的研究发现，

confirm that the artistic interventions of medical clowns

医疗小丑进行的艺术干预

improve the work environment for the staff, beyond the elevator,

可以改进医护人员的工作环境， 不止是电梯里，

and support their work administering care.

并能支持他们的医护工作。

Promising research in the US indicates

美国有潜力的研究表明，

that arts programing in the hospital

医院里的艺术项目

can improve the work environment,

可以改善工作环境，

leading to increased job satisfaction

增加工作满意度，

and better quality of care.

并提高医疗服务的质量。

My work has taught me

我的工作教会了我

how to actually be present.

如何置身其中。

How to breathe in a room with a person in pain.

如何与深受疼痛的人 在同一个房间呼吸。

How to connect

如何与人建立联系和信任，

and build trust, no matter the age, ability or illness.

无论他们的年龄、能力与病患。

And how medical clowning is an excellent way of using the arts

以及医疗小丑如何成为 一种出色的使用艺术

to put the care back in health care.

让关爱重返医疗的方式。

Thanks.

谢谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）