Steve Truglia: A leap from the edge of space

25,287 views ・ 2009-09-09

TED


请双击下面的英文字幕来播放视频。

翻译人员: Felix Chen 校对人员: Zhu Jie
00:18
I'm extremely excited to be given the opportunity
0
18330
3000
我非常激动,今天有机会
00:21
to come and speak to you today
1
21330
2000
在这里和大家谈谈
00:23
about what I consider to be
2
23330
2000
我认为是
00:25
the biggest stunt on Earth.
3
25330
3000
地球上最大型的特技。
00:28
Or perhaps not quite on Earth.
4
28330
2000
或许,不能算是在地球上。
00:30
A parachute jump from the very edge of space.
5
30330
4000
从太空的边缘处跳伞。
00:34
More about that a bit later on.
6
34330
2000
稍后再详谈这个。
00:36
What I'd like to do first is take you through
7
36330
2000
首先我想向你们展示
00:38
a very brief helicopter ride of stunts
8
38330
3000
一段简短的直升机特技,
00:41
and the stunts industry in the movies and in television,
9
41330
3000
并了解电影电视行业里的特技。
00:44
and show you how technology
10
44330
2000
向你们展示技术是如何
00:46
has started to interface with the physical skills
11
46330
2000
影响特技演员们的
00:48
of the stunt performer
12
48330
2000
身体技能,
00:50
in a way that makes the stunts bigger
13
50330
3000
并在某种程度上使得特效更宏大
00:53
and actually makes them safer than they've ever been before.
14
53330
4000
并确实让特技演员更比以往更安全。
00:57
I've been a professional stunt man for 13 years.
15
57330
3000
我从事专业特技已经13年。
01:00
I'm a stunt coordinator. And as well as perform stunts
16
60330
2000
我是个特技协调者,我也参与特技表演。
01:02
I often design them.
17
62330
2000
我常设计特技动作。
01:04
During that time, health and safety has become everything about my job.
18
64330
3000
在设计时,健康和安全是重中之重。
01:07
It's critical now that when a car crash happens
19
67330
4000
进行撞车特技时这非常重要。
01:11
it isn't just the stunt person we make safe, it's the crew.
20
71330
3000
我们不仅仅要保证特技演员本身的安全,还要保证整个特技组的安全。
01:14
We can't be killing camera men. We can't be killing stunt men.
21
74330
2000
我们不能杀死摄像师,我们不能杀死特技演员。
01:16
We can't be killing anybody or hurting anybody on set,
22
76330
2000
我们不能杀死或伤害在场的或是
01:18
or any passerby. So, safety is everything.
23
78330
3000
路过的任何人。因此安全就是一切。
01:21
But it wasn't always that way.
24
81330
3000
但以前并不是这样的。
01:24
In the old days of the silent movies --
25
84330
2000
过去那些无声电影的年代--
01:26
Harold Lloyd here, hanging famously from the clock hands --
26
86330
4000
比如哈罗德·劳埃德那著名的吊在时钟指针上的一幕--
01:30
a lot of these guys did their own stunts. They were quite remarkable.
27
90330
2000
这些人都有自己的特技。他们技艺非凡。
01:32
They had no safety, no real technology.
28
92330
3000
他们没有安全保护,没有借助什么真正的技术。
01:35
What safety they had was very scant.
29
95330
3000
他们的安全保护非常不充分。
01:38
This is the first stunt woman,
30
98330
2000
这是第一个做特技演员的女人,
01:40
Rosie Venger, an amazing woman.
31
100330
2000
罗西·文格尔,一位非常了不起的女性。
01:42
You can see from the slide, very very strong.
32
102330
2000
你可以从幻灯片中看出,她非常非常强壮。
01:44
She really paved the way
33
104330
2000
她真的是给后人铺了路,
01:46
at a time when nobody was doing stunts, let alone women.
34
106330
2000
当时没人做特技演员,更别说是女性了。
01:48
My favorite and a real hero of mine is Yakima Canutt.
35
108330
4000
我个人最崇拜的英雄是亚基马·坎纳特。
01:52
Yakima Canutt really formed the stunt fight.
36
112330
4000
亚基马·坎纳特确实促成了特技打斗。
01:56
He worked with John Wayne and most of those old punch-ups you see
37
116330
3000
他和约翰·韦恩一起合作,在多数你们在西方电影中看到老式打斗场景里
01:59
in the Westerns. Yakima was either there or he stunt coordinated.
38
119330
3000
亚基马不是参与其中,就是协调特技。
02:02
This is a screen capture from "Stagecoach,"
39
122330
2000
这是“关山飞渡”中的一幕
02:04
where Yakima Canutt is doing one of the most dangerous stunts I've ever seen.
40
124330
4000
亚基马·坎纳特正在做我所见过的最危险的特技。
02:08
There is no safety, no back support,
41
128330
2000
当时没有安全措施,没有护腰,
02:10
no pads, no crash mats, no sand pits in the ground.
42
130330
3000
没垫子,没缓冲垫,地面也没有沙坑。
02:13
That's one of the most dangerous horse stunts, certainly.
43
133330
3000
这当然是最危险的马特技之一。
02:16
Talking of dangerous stunts and bringing things slightly up to date,
44
136330
3000
谈到特技的危险性,我们来聊聊目前的状况,
02:19
some of the most dangerous stunts we do as stunt people are fire stunts.
45
139330
4000
我们做的最危险的特技之一就是与火有关的特技。
02:23
We couldn't do them without technology.
46
143330
2000
没有科技的支持我们根本无法做到。
02:25
These are particularly dangerous
47
145330
2000
这些特技尤其危险
02:27
because there is no mask on my face.
48
147330
2000
因为脸上没有戴面罩。
02:29
They were done for a photo shoot. One for the Sun newspaper,
49
149330
2000
这些特技是为了照片拍摄,一组是为了太阳报,
02:31
one for FHM magazine.
50
151330
2000
一组是为了男人帮杂志。
02:33
Highly dangerous, but also you'll notice
51
153330
2000
高度危险,但你也许注意到了,
02:35
it doesn't look as though I'm wearing anything underneath the suit.
52
155330
2000
看起来我的衣服下似乎也没有穿什么保护的东西。
02:37
The fire suits of old, the bulky suits, the thick woolen suits,
53
157330
3000
那些老式的,厚重的毛料防护服,
02:40
have been replaced with modern materials
54
160330
3000
都被现代的材料所取代了
02:43
like Nomex or, more recently, Carbonex --
55
163330
3000
比如Nomex纤维,或者最新的碳纤维。
02:46
fantastic materials that enable us as stunt professionals
56
166330
2000
这些奇特的材料可以让我们这些特技专业者们
02:48
to burn for longer, look more spectacular, and in pure safety.
57
168330
4000
在火中烧得更久,看起来也更壮观,而且非常安全。
02:52
Here's a bit more.
58
172330
4000
这儿还有些例子。
02:56
There's a guy with a flame thrower there, giving me what for.
59
176330
3000
这里有个人拿着喷火器,对着我喷火。
02:59
One of the things that a stuntman often does,
60
179330
2000
特技者们经常要做的特技之一,
03:01
and you'll see it every time in the big movies,
61
181330
2000
就是你们会在大片中看到的,
03:03
is be blown through the air.
62
183330
2000
被炸飞到半空。
03:05
Well, we used to use trampettes. In the old days, that's all they had.
63
185330
3000
我们以前用的是绷床。过去人们只有这个。
03:08
And that's a ramp. Spring off the thing and fly through the air,
64
188330
2000
就是一个斜面,把人弹出去,飞到半空。
03:10
and hopefully you make it look good.
65
190330
2000
并希望能靠那个飞得好看一些。
03:12
Now we've got technology. This thing is called an air ram.
66
192330
3000
现在我们有了科技。这东西叫空气冲压器。
03:15
It's a frightening piece of equipment for the novice stunt performer,
67
195330
3000
对于特技演员新手来说这是个可怕的装置。
03:18
because it will break your legs very, very quickly
68
198330
2000
因为如果你以不正确方式踩上它
03:20
if you land on it wrong.
69
200330
2000
会很快把腿摔断。
03:22
Having said that, it works with compressed nitrogen.
70
202330
3000
说到这个,它是以压缩氮气做为动力。
03:25
And that's in the up position. When you step on it,
71
205330
2000
这是启动的位置。当你踩上它,
03:27
either by remote control or with the pressure of your foot,
72
207330
2000
或者用遥控器,或者用脚给它施加压力,
03:29
it will fire you, depending on the gas pressure,
73
209330
2000
它就会把你弹射出去,取决于气体的压力,
03:31
anything from five feet to 30 feet.
74
211330
3000
弹射的高度从5英尺到30英尺。
03:34
I could, quite literally, fire myself into the gallery.
75
214330
4000
我能像这样把自己弹射到长廊那儿。
03:38
Which I'm sure you wouldn't want.
76
218330
2000
我可能你们不想看到我这么做。
03:40
Not today.
77
220330
2000
今天不行。
03:42
Car stunts are another area
78
222330
2000
汽车特技是另一个领域,
03:44
where technology and engineering
79
224330
2000
其中科技和工程的
03:46
advances have made life easier for us, and safer.
80
226330
3000
发展使我们进行特技是更容易更安全。
03:49
We can do bigger car stunts than ever before now.
81
229330
2000
现在我们能进行比以往更大型的汽车特技。
03:51
Being run over is never easy.
82
231330
2000
被汽车碾过绝不轻松。
03:53
That's an old-fashioned, hard, gritty, physical stunt.
83
233330
3000
这是个老式的,有难度的,需要坚韧不拔的精神的身体特技。
03:56
But we have padding, and fantastic shock-absorbing things like Sorbothane --
84
236330
4000
但我们有保护垫和神奇的振动吸收材料,比如Sorbothane。
04:00
the materials that help us, when we're hit like this,
85
240330
3000
这种材料帮助我们在被击中时,像这样,
04:03
not to hurt ourselves too much.
86
243330
2000
不会受到太大伤害。
04:05
The picture in the bottom right-hand corner there
87
245330
3000
这张右下角的图片
04:08
is of some crash test dummy work that I was doing.
88
248330
2000
是我曾做过的碰撞试验。
04:10
Showing how stunts work in different areas, really.
89
250330
3000
显示如何在不同实际区域进行特技。
04:13
And testing breakaway signpost pillars.
90
253330
3000
并测试撞击路标支柱。
04:16
A company makes a Lattix pillar, which is a network,
91
256330
2000
一家公司制作了一个Lattix支柱。它是网状结构,
04:18
a lattice-type pillar that collapses when it's hit.
92
258330
3000
格子式的支柱,受到撞击时它会倒塌。
04:21
The car on the left drove into the steel pillar.
93
261330
3000
这辆车从左侧撞向这个钢制支柱。
04:24
And you can't see it from there, but the engine was in the driver's lap.
94
264330
3000
你从那儿看不到,但引擎在驾驶者的膝部。
04:27
They did it by remote control.
95
267330
2000
他们用遥控操作。
04:29
I drove the other one at 60 miles an hour, exactly the same speed,
96
269330
3000
我以60英里的时速驾驶另一辆车,与另一辆完全一样的速度,
04:32
and clearly walked away from it.
97
272330
3000
并准确的驶离它。
04:35
Rolling a car over is another area where we use technology.
98
275330
3000
让一辆汽车翻转是另一个我们运用了科技力量的领域。
04:38
We used to have to drive up a ramp, and we still do sometimes.
99
278330
3000
过去我们开向一个斜坡。现在有时我们也这么做。
04:41
But now we have a compressed nitrogen cannon.
100
281330
3000
但现在我们有压缩氮气炮。
04:44
You can just see, underneath the car, there is a black rod on the floor
101
284330
2000
你能看到,在另一辆车的轮子边的地面上
04:46
by the wheel of the other car.
102
286330
2000
有一个黑色棒状物。
04:48
That's the piston that was fired out of the floor.
103
288330
2000
这是发射出的活塞。
04:50
We can flip lorries, coaches, buses, anything over
104
290330
3000
我们可以让货车、旅游车、公交车及任何车辆翻转,
04:53
with a nitrogen cannon with enough power. (Laughs)
105
293330
4000
只要氮气炮有足够的力量。
04:57
It's a great job, really. (Laughter)
106
297330
3000
这确实是个很棒的工作。
05:00
It's such fun!
107
300330
2000
我们乐在其中!
05:02
You should hear
108
302330
2000
(笑声)
05:04
some of the phone conversations that I have with people
109
304330
2000
你们应该听听我在商店中用我的蓝牙耳机
05:06
on my Bluetooth in the shop.
110
306330
2000
与人进行的电话通话。
05:08
"Well, we can flip the bus over, we can have it burst into flames,
111
308330
2000
“好的,我们能让公交车翻过来,我们能让它爆裂起火,
05:10
and how about someone, you know, big explosion."
112
310330
2000
接着在来一次大爆炸,怎么样。“
05:12
And people are looking like this ...
113
312330
2000
而周围的人们这样看着我...
05:14
(Laughs)
114
314330
1000
(笑声)
05:15
I sort of forget how bizarre some of those conversations are.
115
315330
3000
我都没意识到这样的对话有多奇怪。
05:18
The next thing that I'd like to show you is something that
116
318330
2000
接下来我想展示给你们的是,
05:20
Dunlop asked me to do earlier this year
117
320330
2000
今年初邓洛普要我在
05:22
with our Channel Five's "Fifth Gear Show."
118
322330
2000
第五频道的节目“第五档”中做的。
05:24
A loop-the-loop, biggest in the world.
119
324330
2000
一个翻车特技,世界上最难的。
05:26
Only one person had ever done it before.
120
326330
2000
只有一个人之前曾做到过。
05:28
Now, the stuntman solution to this in the old days would be,
121
328330
2000
昔日特技演员对这一特技的解决方案是,
05:30
"Let's hit this as fast as possible. 60 miles an hour.
122
330330
3000
“让我们尽可能快的撞过去。六十英里的时速。
05:33
Let's just go for it. Foot flat to the floor."
123
333330
2000
我们只管冲过去。紧贴着地面。“
05:35
Well, you'd die if you did that.
124
335330
2000
如果你真这么做了,那就死定了。
05:37
We went to Cambridge University, the other university,
125
337330
2000
我们去了剑桥大学和另一所大学,
05:39
and spoke to a Doctor of Mechanical Engineering there,
126
339330
4000
请教了那儿的一位机械工程博士,
05:43
a physicist who taught us that it had to be 37 miles an hour.
127
343330
3000
一位物理学家告诉我们,必须以37英里的时速驾驶。
05:46
Even then, I caught seven G
128
346330
2000
即使这样我承受了7G的重力,
05:48
and lost a bit of consciousness on the way in.
129
348330
3000
并在过程中短暂的失去了意识。
05:51
That's a long way to fall, if you get it wrong. That was just about right.
130
351330
3000
如果你做错了,这将是个漫长的降落过程。一定要正确无误。
05:54
So again, science helps us, and with the engineering too --
131
354330
3000
所以,科学再一次帮助了我们。工程也再次帮助了我们。
05:57
the modifications to the car and the wheel.
132
357330
2000
对车辆和轮胎进行了改装。
05:59
High falls, they're old fashioned stunts.
133
359330
2000
从高处坠落,是老式的特技。
06:01
What's interesting about high falls
134
361330
2000
高空坠落的有趣之处在于,
06:03
is that although we use airbags,
135
363330
2000
尽管我们使用了气囊,
06:05
and some airbags are quite advanced,
136
365330
3000
而有些气囊,你知道,非常的先进,
06:08
they're designed so you don't slip off the side like you used to,
137
368330
2000
它们经过良好设计,因此如果你着陆时出了点差错,
06:10
if you land a bit wrong. So, they're a much safer proposition.
138
370330
2000
也不会像以往一样从侧面滑落。因此这是个让我们更安全的建议。
06:12
Just basically though, it is a basic piece of equipment.
139
372330
4000
虽然很基础,它是项基础的设备。
06:16
It's a bouncy castle
140
376330
2000
它是个充气城堡
06:18
with slats in the side to allow the air to escape.
141
378330
2000
在它侧面有百叶板,使得空气可以溢出。
06:20
That's all it is, a bouncy castle.
142
380330
2000
这就是它,一个充气城堡。
06:22
That's the only reason we do it. See, it's all fun, this job.
143
382330
3000
这是我们从事这项工作的唯一原因。看这工作的所有乐趣。
06:25
What's interesting is we still use cardboard boxes.
144
385330
3000
有趣的是,我们仍然在使用纸箱。
06:28
They used to use cardboard boxes years ago and we still use them.
145
388330
3000
多年前我们就在使用纸箱,现在我们仍在使用。
06:31
And that's interesting because they are almost retrospective.
146
391330
2000
有趣的是纸箱几乎是可以重复利用的。
06:33
They're great for catching you, up to certain heights.
147
393330
3000
它们能很好的接住从一定高度上坠落的你。
06:36
And on the other side of the fence,
148
396330
2000
而另一方面,
06:38
that physical art, the physical performance of the stuntman,
149
398330
4000
身体的艺术,特技演员的身体表演,
06:42
has interfaced with the very highest
150
402330
3000
与信息技术和软件行业
06:45
technology in I.T. and in software.
151
405330
4000
有着非常紧密的联系。
06:49
Not the cardboard box, but the green screen.
152
409330
3000
不是纸箱,而是绿屏。
06:52
This is a shot of "Terminator," the movie.
153
412330
3000
这是电影终结者中的一幕。
06:55
Two stunt guys doing what I consider to be a rather benign stunt.
154
415330
3000
两名特技演员正在表演,我认为这是比较温和的特技。
06:58
It's 30 feet. It's water. It's very simple.
155
418330
2000
30英尺高,下面是水,这非常简单。
07:00
With the green screen we can put any background in the world on it,
156
420330
3000
有了绿屏,我们能把世界上的任何背景放在后面,
07:03
moving or still,
157
423330
2000
移动的或是静止的都可以。
07:05
and I can assure you, nowadays you can't see the joint.
158
425330
4000
我向你们保证,如今你们看不出连接处。
07:09
This is a parachutist with another parachutist doing exactly the same thing.
159
429330
2000
这是名跳伞运动员和另一名跳伞运动员坐着完全相同的动作。
07:11
Completely in the safety of a studio,
160
431330
3000
完全在安全的工作室内,
07:14
and yet with the green screen we can have some moving image that a skydiver took,
161
434330
3000
而通过使用绿屏,我们能在跳伞者后放上些移动的画面,
07:17
and put in the sky moving and the clouds whizzing by.
162
437330
4000
放些移动的天空和呼啸而过的云彩。
07:21
Decelerator rigs and wires, we use them a lot.
163
441330
3000
减速装置和钢丝。我们大量使用它们。
07:24
We fly people on wires, like this.
164
444330
2000
我们让人吊在钢丝飞舞,像这样。
07:26
This guy is not skydiving. He's being flown like a kite,
165
446330
2000
这家伙不是在跳伞。他是像个风筝那样在飞翔,
07:28
or moved around like a kite.
166
448330
3000
或者说像个风筝那样四处移动。
07:31
And this is a Guinness World Record attempt.
167
451330
3000
这是项吉尼斯世界纪录的尝试。
07:34
They asked me to open their 50th anniversary show in 2004.
168
454330
4000
他们让我在2004年他们的50周年庆上做开幕表演。
07:38
And again, technology meant that I could do the fastest abseil over 100 meters,
169
458330
4000
而再一次,科技让我能够以最快速的缘绳下降超过100米,
07:42
and stop within a couple of feet of the ground
170
462330
2000
并在离地面几英尺的时停下,
07:44
without melting the rope with the friction,
171
464330
2000
而绳索没有因摩擦而融化,
07:46
because of the alloys I used in the descender device.
172
466330
3000
而这是由于我的减速装置使用的合金。
07:49
And that's Centre Point in London.
173
469330
2000
这是伦敦的市中心。
07:51
We brought Oxford Street and Tottenham Court Road to a standstill.
174
471330
3000
我们让牛津街和图腾汉厅路陷入停顿。
07:54
Helicopter stunts are always fun,
175
474330
2000
直升机特技总是非常有乐趣,
07:56
hanging out of them, whatever.
176
476330
3000
悬挂在直升机外面,无论是什么都很有趣。
07:59
And aerial stunts. No aerial stunt would be the same without skydiving.
177
479330
4000
空中特技。没什么空中特技能像跳伞这样。
08:03
Which brings us quite nicely to why I'm really here today:
178
483330
3000
它带给我们非常美妙的感觉,这是我今天在这儿演讲的原因。
08:06
Project Space Jump.
179
486330
2000
太空跳伞计划。
08:08
In 1960, Joseph Kittenger of the United States Air Force
180
488330
3000
在1960年,美国空军的约瑟夫·基廷格
08:11
did the most spectacular thing.
181
491330
3000
做过最让人惊叹的事。
08:14
He did a jump from 100,000 feet, 102,000 to be precise,
182
494330
3000
他从10万英尺高跳下,准确的说是10万零两千英尺。
08:17
and he did it to test high altitude systems
183
497330
3000
他这么做事为了军队飞行员
08:20
for military pilots
184
500330
2000
测试高海拔系统,
08:22
in the new range of aircraft that were going up to 80,000 feet or so.
185
502330
3000
新型飞行器能达到大约8万英尺的高度。
08:25
And I'd just like to show you a little footage
186
505330
2000
我想向你们展示一小段镜头,
08:27
of what he did back then.
187
507330
2000
看看他当时做了什么。
08:29
And just how brave he was in 1960, bear in mind.
188
509330
5000
看看1960年时他有多么勇敢,并请铭记于心。
08:34
Project Excelsior, it was called.
189
514330
1000
这被称为Excelsior计划。
08:35
There were three jumps.
190
515330
2000
一共有三跳,
08:37
They first dropped some dummies.
191
517330
4000
他们先扔下假人。
08:41
So that's the balloon, big gas balloon.
192
521330
2000
这就是那个气球,大氢气球。
08:43
It's that shape because the helium has to expand.
193
523330
3000
它呈这个形状是由于氦气的膨胀。
08:46
My balloon will expand to 500 times
194
526330
3000
我的气球将膨胀500倍,
08:49
and look like a big pumpkin when it's at the top.
195
529330
2000
当上到顶部时它会看起来像个大南瓜。
08:51
These are the dummies being dropped from 100,000 feet,
196
531330
2000
这是被从十万英尺高扔下的假人。
08:53
and there is the camera that's strapped to them.
197
533330
2000
这是在它们身上绑着的摄像头。
08:55
You can clearly see the curvature of the Earth at that kind of altitude.
198
535330
4000
你能清晰的看到在这一高度时的地球的曲线。
08:59
And I'm planning to go from 120,000 feet,
199
539330
3000
我计划从12万英尺起跳。
09:02
which is about 22 miles.
200
542330
2000
大约22英里。
09:04
You're in a near vacuum in that environment,
201
544330
2000
位于一个几乎真空的环境中。
09:06
which is in minus 50 degrees.
202
546330
3000
零下50度。
09:09
So it's an extremely hostile place to be.
203
549330
2000
因此这是个极度危险的地方。
09:11
This is Joe Kittenger himself.
204
551330
2000
这是约瑟夫·基廷格本人。
09:13
Bear in mind, ladies and gents, this was 1960.
205
553330
2000
别忘了,女士们先生们,这是1960年。
09:15
He didn't know if he would live or die. This is an extremely brave man.
206
555330
3000
他不知道是否能够生还。这是个极其勇敢的男人。
09:18
I spoke with him on the phone a few months ago.
207
558330
3000
几个月前我与他通过电话。
09:21
He's a very humble and wonderful human being.
208
561330
2000
他是个非常谦逊和美妙的人。
09:23
He sent me an email, saying, "If you get this thing off the ground
209
563330
4000
他给我发了封email,说到,“如果打算做这件事,
09:27
I wish you all the best." And he signed it, "Happy landings,"
210
567330
3000
我祝你一切顺利。“他写道“祝着陆愉快。”
09:30
which I thought was quite lovely.
211
570330
2000
我觉得这很可爱。
09:32
He's in his 80s and he lives in Florida. He's a tremendous guy.
212
572330
2000
他现在80多岁,住在佛罗里达。他是个了不起的家伙。
09:34
This is him in a pressure suit.
213
574330
2000
这是他身着压力服。
09:36
Now one of the challenges of going up to altitude is
214
576330
3000
目前上升到这样的高度的挑战之一是
09:39
when you get to 30,000 feet -- it's great, isn't it? --
215
579330
3000
当你到达3万英尺时--这非常高,不是么?--
09:42
When you get to 30,000 feet you can really only use oxygen.
216
582330
4000
当到达3万英尺时,你真的只能依靠氧气瓶了。
09:46
Above 30,000 feet up to nearly 50,000 feet,
217
586330
3000
从3万英尺到接近5万英尺时
09:49
you need pressure breathing, which is where you're wearing a G suit.
218
589330
3000
你需要加压呼吸,这时需要穿着重力服。
09:52
This is him in his old rock-and-roll jeans there,
219
592330
3000
这是他穿着他的就摇滚牛仔服,
09:55
pushing him in, those turned up jeans.
220
595330
2000
把他推进去,卷起牛仔服。
09:57
You need a pressure suit.
221
597330
2000
你需要一套压力服。
09:59
You need a pressure breathing system
222
599330
2000
需要一套有加压呼吸系统
10:01
with a G suit that squeezes you, that helps you to breathe in
223
601330
2000
的重力服来挤压你,这能帮助你吸气,
10:03
and helps you to exhale.
224
603330
2000
帮你呼气。
10:05
Above 50,000 feet you need a space suit, a pressure suit.
225
605330
4000
在5万英尺以上,你需要一套太空服,一套压力服。
10:09
Certainly at 100,000 feet no aircraft will fly.
226
609330
4000
当然,在10万英尺高,没有飞行器能飞行。
10:13
Not even a jet engine.
227
613330
2000
即使有喷气式引擎也不行。
10:15
It needs to be rocket-powered or one of these things,
228
615330
2000
这需要有火箭的动力,或是这类装置,
10:17
a great big gas balloon.
229
617330
3000
一个巨大的氢气球。
10:20
It took me a while; it took me years to find the right balloon team
230
620330
3000
这让我花了些时间,我花了几年时间才找到合适的气球团队
10:23
to build the balloon that would do this job.
231
623330
2000
来建造能完成这项工作的气球。
10:25
I've found that team in America now.
232
625330
3000
我是在美国找到这个团队的。
10:28
And it's made of polyethylene, so it's very thin.
233
628330
2000
气球是由聚乙烯组成,因此它非常轻。
10:30
We will have two balloons for each of my test jumps,
234
630330
3000
我们将为我每次试跳制作两个气球。
10:33
and two balloons for the main jump, because they
235
633330
2000
正式跳的时候也会有两个气球,因为
10:35
notoriously tear on takeoff.
236
635330
2000
它们有在起飞时爆裂的臭名。
10:37
They're just so, so delicate.
237
637330
2000
他们实在是太脆弱了。
10:39
This is the step off. He's written on that thing,
238
639330
2000
这是起跳台。他在那上面写道,
10:41
"The highest step in the world."
239
641330
2000
“世界上最高的跳台。”
10:43
And what must that feel like?
240
643330
2000
这是什么样的感觉?
10:45
I'm excited and I'm scared,
241
645330
3000
我很兴奋也很害怕。
10:48
both at the same time in equal measures.
242
648330
2000
两者同时存在,平分秋色。
10:50
And this is the camera that he had on him as he tumbled
243
650330
3000
这是在他的阻力伞打开保持他的稳定之前,
10:53
before his drogue chute opened to stabilize him.
244
653330
3000
他随身携带的摄像机拍摄的画面。
10:56
A drogue chute is just a smaller chute which helps to keep your face down.
245
656330
3000
阻力伞发射器是一个小装置,用来帮助你保持脸部朝下。
10:59
You can just see them there, popping open.
246
659330
2000
你能看到它们弹出张开。
11:01
Those are the drogue chutes. He had three of them.
247
661330
3000
这是阻力伞发射器。他带了三个。
11:04
I did quite a lot of research.
248
664330
3000
我做了很多研究。
11:07
And you'll see in a second there, he comes back down to the floor.
249
667330
4000
你会看到,他在一瞬间就回到了地面。
11:11
Now just to give you some perspective of this balloon,
250
671330
4000
现在向你们展示一些这气球的远景画面,
11:15
the little black dots are people.
251
675330
2000
那些小黑点是人。
11:17
It's hundreds of feet high. It's enormous.
252
677330
2000
它有数百英尺高。非常巨大。
11:19
That's in New Mexico.
253
679330
2000
这是新墨西哥。
11:21
That's the U.S. Air Force Museum.
254
681330
2000
美国空军博物馆。
11:23
And they've made a dummy of him. That's exactly what it looked like.
255
683330
2000
他们照着他的样子做了个假人。看起来非常逼真。
11:25
My gondola will be more simple than that.
256
685330
3000
我的吊舱要比这个简单。
11:28
It's a three sided box, basically.
257
688330
2000
基本上,它就是个三面的盒子。
11:30
So I've had to do quite a lot of training.
258
690330
2000
因此我不得不进行了大量的训练。
11:32
This is Morocco last year in the Atlas mountains,
259
692330
2000
这是去年在摩洛哥的阿特拉斯山脉,
11:34
training in preparation for some high altitude jumps.
260
694330
3000
为高空跳伞做些准备训练。
11:37
This is what the view is going to be like
261
697330
2000
这就是我在9万英尺高时
11:39
at 90,000 feet for me.
262
699330
2000
将看到的景色。
11:41
Now you may think this is just
263
701330
2000
现在你也许会认为这只是
11:43
a thrill-seeking trip, a pleasure ride,
264
703330
2000
一个寻求刺激的旅程,一段开心之旅,
11:45
just the world's biggest stunt.
265
705330
3000
仅仅是世界上最大的特技表演。
11:48
Well there's a little bit more to it than that.
266
708330
2000
而这并不仅止于此。
11:50
Trying to find a space suit to do this
267
710330
3000
为了找到合适的太空服,
11:53
has led me to an area of technology
268
713330
3000
我进入了一个我从未预料过
11:56
that I never really expected when I set about doing this.
269
716330
4000
会进入的科技领域。
12:00
I contacted a company in the States
270
720330
2000
我联系了国内的一家
12:02
who make suits for NASA.
271
722330
2000
为NASA制作太空服的公司。
12:04
That's a current suit. This was me last year with their chief engineer.
272
724330
3000
这是目前的太空服。去年我与他们的总工程师一起。
12:07
That suit would cost me about a million and a half dollars.
273
727330
4000
这件太空服要花掉我大约150万美元。
12:11
And it weighs 300 pounds and you can't skydive in it.
274
731330
3000
它有300磅重,穿着它根本无法跳伞。
12:14
So I've been stuck. For the past 15 years I've been trying to find a space suit
275
734330
2000
我在这儿困住了。在过去的15年里,我不断的寻找符合要求的太空服,
12:16
that would do this job, or someone that will make one.
276
736330
3000
或是能做这样的太空服的人。
12:19
Something revolutionary happened
277
739330
2000
前一阵,革命性的进展出现了,
12:21
a little while ago, at the same facility.
278
741330
3000
就在同一间工厂。
12:24
That's the prototype of the parachute. I've now had them custom make one,
279
744330
3000
这是降落伞的原型。我现在定做了一套。
12:27
the only one of its kind in the world. And that's the only suit of its kind in the world.
280
747330
3000
这是世界上这类产品的唯一一件。世界上这里产品的唯一一套。
12:30
It was made by a Russian that's designed
281
750330
2000
它由一名俄罗斯人设计,
12:32
most of the suits of the past
282
752330
2000
在过去18年里他为苏联
12:34
18 years for the Soviets.
283
754330
3000
设计太空服。
12:37
He left the company because he saw,
284
757330
2000
他离开了公司,因为他与其他
12:39
as some other people in the space suit industry,
285
759330
2000
太空服工业中的一些人一样,
12:41
an emerging market for space suits for space tourists.
286
761330
3000
看到了为太空游客提供太空服的新兴市场。
12:44
You know if you are in an aircraft at 30,000 feet
287
764330
2000
要知道,如果你在3万英尺高的飞行器中
12:46
and the cabin depressurizes, you can have oxygen.
288
766330
2000
机舱开始减压,你能获得氧气。
12:48
If you're at 100,000 feet you die.
289
768330
2000
如果你在10万英尺高就必死无疑了。
12:50
In six seconds you've lost consciousness. In 10 seconds you're dead.
290
770330
3000
在六秒内就会失去意识,十秒内就会死亡。
12:53
Your blood tries to boil. It's called vaporization.
291
773330
2000
血液开始沸腾。这被称为气化。
12:55
The body swells up. It's awful.
292
775330
2000
身体开始膨胀。太可怕了。
12:57
And so we expect -- it's not much fun.
293
777330
4000
因此我们期望--不是那么有趣。
13:01
We expect, and others expect,
294
781330
3000
我们期望的,其他人期望的,
13:04
that perhaps the FAA, the CAA
295
784330
2000
美国联邦航空局,民航局也许会
13:06
might say, "You need to put someone in a suit
296
786330
2000
说,“你需要让人穿上与飞行器
13:08
that's not inflated, that's connected to the aircraft."
297
788330
3000
连接在一起的非充气的太空服。
13:11
Then they're comfortable, they have good vision, like this great big visor.
298
791330
3000
它们很舒适,有良好的视野,像这个大面罩。
13:14
And then if the cabin depressurizes
299
794330
2000
而如果机舱开始减压
13:16
while the aircraft is coming back down,
300
796330
2000
而飞行器开始下降,
13:18
in whatever emergency measures, everyone is okay.
301
798330
2000
有了这些紧急设施,大家都会安心。
13:20
I would like to bring Costa on, if he's here,
302
800330
3000
如果科斯塔在的话,我想让他上台来。
13:23
to show you the only one of its kind in the world.
303
803330
3000
像你们展示世界上唯一的一件。
13:26
I was going to wear it,
304
806330
2000
我会穿上它。
13:28
but I thought I'd get Costa to do it, my lovely assistant.
305
808330
2000
但我想我会让科斯塔来穿,他是我可爱的助手。
13:30
Thank you. He's very hot. Thank you, Costa.
306
810330
5000
谢谢。他很性感。谢谢你科斯塔。
13:35
This is the communication headset you'll see
307
815330
3000
这是通信耳机,
13:38
on lots of space suits.
308
818330
2000
你会在许多太空服上看到。
13:40
It's a two-layer suit. NASA suits have got 13 layers.
309
820330
4000
这是两层的太空服。NASA的太空服有13层。
13:44
This is a very lightweight suit. It weighs about 15 pounds.
310
824330
4000
它非常轻。大约有15磅。
13:48
It's next to nothing. Especially designed for me.
311
828330
2000
它几乎没什么重量。特别为我设计的。
13:50
It's a working prototype. I will use it for all the jumps.
312
830330
2000
这是个工作原型。我将穿着它进行所有的跳伞。
13:52
Would you just give us a little twirl, please, Costa?
313
832330
3000
科斯塔请稍微转个圈好么?
13:55
Thank you very much.
314
835330
2000
非常感谢
13:57
And it doesn't look far different when it's inflated,
315
837330
2000
它充气以后看起来跟这差不多。
13:59
as you can see from the picture down there.
316
839330
2000
你能在下面的图片中看到。
14:01
I've even skydived in it in a wind tunnel,
317
841330
3000
我甚至穿着它在风洞中跳伞。
14:04
which means that I can practice everything I need to practice, in safety,
318
844330
3000
这意味着在我进行任何跳伞之前,我可以安全的
14:07
before I ever jump out of anything. Thanks very much, Costa.
319
847330
2000
进行任何所需的练习。非常感谢,科斯塔。
14:09
(Applause)
320
849330
4000
(掌声)
14:13
Ladies and gentlemen, that's just about it from me.
321
853330
2000
女士们先生们,这些就是我要说的。
14:15
The status of my mission at the moment
322
855330
2000
我的计划目前的状态是,
14:17
is it still needs a major sponsor.
323
857330
2000
它仍然需要一个主赞助人。
14:19
I'm confident that we'll find one.
324
859330
2000
我坚信我们能找到。
14:21
I think it's a great challenge.
325
861330
2000
我认为这是项巨大的挑战。
14:23
And I hope that you will agree with me,
326
863330
2000
我希望你们同意我的看法,
14:25
it is the greatest stunt on Earth.
327
865330
3000
这是地球上最大的特技表演。
14:28
Thank you very much for your time.
328
868330
2000
非常感谢各位来听我的演讲。
14:30
(Applause)
329
870330
1000
(掌声)
关于本网站

这个网站将向你介绍对学习英语有用的YouTube视频。你将看到来自世界各地的一流教师教授的英语课程。双击每个视频页面上显示的英文字幕,即可从那里播放视频。字幕会随着视频的播放而同步滚动。如果你有任何意见或要求,请使用此联系表与我们联系。

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7