How repaying loans with social service transforms communities | Angie Murimirwa

翻译人员: huilin yang 校对人员: Yolanda Zhang

Most of you will know

接下来你们会了解到，

about the challenges faced by my beloved continent, Africa.

我深爱的非洲大陆面临着的种种挑战。

Too many people are poor.

贫困人口太多，

Millions of girls don't have access to school.

数百万的女孩无法上学。

And there aren't enough jobs for the rapidly growing population.

人口高速增长，职位供不应求。

Every day,

每一天，

33,000 new young people join the search for employment.

都有 3.3 万个新人加入找工作的行列。

That's 12 million for three million formal jobs.

1200 万人竞争 300 万个工作岗位。

In sub-Saharan Africa,

在撒哈拉以南的非洲，

less than one in four young people are likely to get waged or salaried work.

仅不到四分之一的年轻人 有机会得到带薪工作。

The chances of making a secure living

谋生的机会

are even slimmer for poor and rural young women.

对于那些贫穷的农村妇女来说 更是十分渺茫。

They cannot afford an education.

她们负担不起教育的费用，

And they do not have the same access to wages, loans or land

也无法像男人一样获得工资、贷款

as men.

或土地。

This leaves entire communities trapped

这使整个社区陷入到

in a vicious cycle of poverty, inequality and hopelessness.

一种贫穷、不平等和 绝望的恶性循环中。

But I'm not here to narrate the doom and gloom,

但是我站在这里，不是为了 抱怨现状和传递负面情绪的，

because we also know that a youthful population

因为我们也知道，年轻群体

presents an opportunity to kick-start economic growth

代表着拯救经济

and solve global challenges.

和解决世界挑战的机会。

And in fact,

实际上，

there is a growing movement in Africa, of educated young women,

非洲有越来越多受过教育的 年轻女性组织或参与了

who are stepping up and using the power of their network

一项社会运动，并利用她们的网络力量

and a tool we call social interest

和我们称之为“社会利益”的工具

to uplift communities.

来发展社区。

I'm one of the leaders of the organization behind this movement.

这项运动背后的组织 由我和其他一些人领导。

An organization that also supported me through school.

这个组织也通过学校对我提供了支持。

And I have seen social interest multiply the impact of our work.

同时我也看到，社会利益 扩大了我们工作的影响力。

Social interest is a way to pay back interest on a loan

社会利益是偿还 贷款利息的一种方式——

through service, rather than dollars.

通过社会服务来偿还，而非美元。

Sharing time and knowledge through mentoring,

授业解惑，

academic support,

提供学术指导，

business training to others in need.

通过商业培训去帮助 那些有需要的人——

This means the impact of a loan is felt not by one, but by many.

这意味着信贷模式影响着集体而非个人。

Through this system,

通过这样的系统，

we've been able to help and send more and more girls to school,

我们得以帮助更多的女孩接受教育，

support them while they are there,

提供在校支持，

help them start businesses

创业指导，

and ultimately, lead in their communities --

最终，在引领社区的同时，

all while providing funding for the next generation.

为下一代人储备资金。

Social interest can be used

社会利益可以被用来

to supercharge any movement where the benefits can be paid forward.

推动任何可以带来利益的运动。

Let me give you an example.

我举个例子。

This is Stumai from rural Tanzania.

来自坦桑尼亚农村地区的 Stumai，

She tragically lost her father when she was just three years old.

三岁丧父，

Leaving a disabled mother to single-handedly raise her

她和五个兄弟姐妹由患有残疾的母亲

and her five siblings.

一手抚养长大。

Once Stumai completed primary school,

Stumai 小学毕业时，

she was about to drop out of school

差点就像

and become one of the 92 percent of girls in sub-Saharan Africa

撒哈拉以南非洲 92％ 的女孩一样，

that never finish high school.

没有机会读完高中。

Instead, she got lucky.

然而，她是幸运的。

She got support from a nonprofit that paid her fees

她得到了一个非营利组织的资助，

and kept her in school.

让她得以继续学业。

But upon graduating high school,

但当她高中毕业时，

she faced a daunting challenge of what's next.

又面临了下一轮艰巨的挑战。

She knew she had to start her own business to survive.

她知道她必须通过创业来谋生。

And to help her mother,

来帮助自己的母亲，

who had tried so hard to keep her in school

那个为了送她上学

by selling her only assets,

而倾其所有的母亲，

a stack of corrugated iron sheets she had been saving

那个存了一堆铁皮，

in the hope of building a better home for her children.

只为给孩子们一个更好的家的母亲。

Stumai also knew she wouldn’t get a loan from a traditional bank,

Stumai 也知道她无法从银行贷款，

which generally considers young, rural women like her,

像她这样的年轻农村女性，

without land or assets, unbankable.

没有固定资产，不会有银行提供贷款的。

Through a special group of lending partners,

通过一个特殊的借贷组织，

she secured 350 dollars to start a food shop,

她拿到了 350 美元， 开了一家食品店，

selling vegetables, oil, rice, tomatoes, onions and beans.

卖蔬菜，食用油， 米， 番茄，洋葱和豆子。

Fellow network members helped to train her on basic business skills,

在资深成员的帮助下， 她提升了基本业务技能，

like creating a business plan,

比如制定业务计划，

working out profits, marketing,

计算利润，营销推广，

keeping business records

记录业务

and the value of savings.

和营收。

And the business took off.

她的生意逐渐步入正轨。

She repaid the original loan within eight months,

她在八个月内还清了原有的债务，

and then borrowed 2,000 dollars

然后又借了 2000 美元，

to start a motorcycle taxi and courier business.

开始做摩托计程车和快递生意。

Stumai now owns two motorcycles

Stumai 现在拥有两辆摩托车

and employs two people.

和两名员工。

And she has been able to purchase land and build a house,

她有能力买地建房了，

and the business continues to grow

与此同时，业务也在不断增长，

from strength to strength.

生意越来越好。

Stumai repaid her interest in social interest.

Stumai 用社会利益 偿还了贷款利息——

She paid social interest

她所支付的社会利益

by providing mentoring to girls in a local high school.

是通过指导当地女高中生来实现的。

She volunteered weekly as a learner guide,

她每周自愿进行一次学习辅导，

delivering a life skills and well-being curriculum

传递生活技能和福利课程，

that helps children gain the confidence to ask questions,

来帮助孩子们建立自信， 让她们敢于提出问题，

care for and support each other,

相互扶持，

learn about health and nutrition,

了解健康与营养，

set goals and learn how to achieve them.

建立目标并学习如何实现它们。

Stumai says her greatest reward is witnessing the girls she mentors

Stumai 说她最大的收获是 亲眼目睹了那些被她辅导过的女孩

start to believe in themselves and succeeding.

开始相信自己并且正在走向成功。

These days, Stumai also trains other learner guides.

这些天， Stumai 也开始 培训新的学习指导员们。

That's multiplying the number of girls making it through school

这使得越来越多的女生 能够像她一样步入学校，

and into secure livelihoods like she did.

过上安稳的生活。

Through her business profits, she has been able to support her siblings,

通过做生意赚到的钱， 她得以帮助自己的兄弟姐妹，

three nieces and nephews and other children in her community

三个侄子侄女和社区里的其他儿童

to go to school.

进入学校。

She also regularly supports other network members.

她也经常定期帮助其他成员。

For example,

例如：

a young woman studying for a diploma in community development.

一位年轻女子正在攻读 社区发展专业的文凭。

In the past two years,

在过去的两年中，

Stumai helped her with money for bus fare,

Stumai 为她提供了交通费用、

for sanitary pads, for soap

女性卫生用品和清洁用品，

and encouraged her to keep going.

并鼓励她勇往直前。

Stumai spends 370 dollars a year supporting the education of others.

Stumai 每年花费 370 美元 来扶持教育事业。

That's 17 percent of her gross earnings from her motorcycle business.

那是她经营摩托车业务毛收入的 17%。

This is the power of social interest.

这就是社会利益的力量。

Stumai's example shows that if you help one girl,

Stumai 的例子告诉我们， 如果你帮助了一个女孩，

not only to go to school,

不止是送她进入学校，

but graduate and start a business,

甚至帮助她顺利毕业，创业，

she can in turn make a giant difference

作为回馈，她将为社区中

in the lives of others and her community.

其他人的命运带来巨大的改变。

Had Stumai paid back interest on her loan in dollars,

如果 Stumai 以美元的形式 偿还了贷款利息，

her success might have been felt by her and her immediate family,

她的成功也许给人感觉 跟她的家庭有关，

but because she paid interest as social interest,

但正因为她是用社会利益的形式 偿还了贷款利息，

the impact was felt by her mentees,

这种影响得以被传递给她的学员，

her nieces, nephews, her employees

她的侄子、侄女，她的员工，

and so many others around her.

以及她身边的很多人。

Stumai is just one example of many.

Stumai 只是众多例子中的一个。

Today, we have 7,000 learner guides like Stumai,

今天，我们有七千多个 像 Stumai 一样的学习指导员，

working across Malawi,

她们分布在马拉维、

Tanzania, Ghana, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

坦桑尼亚、加纳、赞比亚 和津巴布韦等地工作。

And collectively,

通过她们的共同努力，

they've helped children do better in school.

孩子们得以在学校里更好的学习，

The girls we work with are nearly three times less likely

让这些受到帮助的女孩 辍学的可能性

to drop out of school,

降低了三倍。

because learner guides make home visits when girls fail to attend school

因为学习指导员会在 女孩缺勤的时候进行家访，

to help them back on track.

帮助她们重返校园。

They also work with communities and district governments

她们也会跟社区和区域政府合作，

to address the challenges children face,

一起解决儿童所面临的挑战，

including preventing or annulling child marriages,

包括制止或废除童婚，

connecting children facing hunger or hardship at home

对饥饿儿童和贫困儿童

with local support,

进行帮扶，

or running study groups

或组织学习小组，

so that children who might be lagging behind in their studies

帮助那些跟不上教学进度的孩子

can get supporters and catch up.

迎头赶上。

They act as trusted sisters, friends and guardians.

她们是互相信赖的姐妹， 朋友和监护人。

So far, nearly 6,300 network members

至今为止，约 6300 名成员

have borrowed close to three million dollars,

借了近 300 万美元，

with a repayment rate of those loans at consistently above 95 percent.

偿还率持续保持在 95％ 以上。

And our 140,000 members,

与此同时，我们的 14 万名成员

they have invested their own resources

也投入了自己的资源，

to support and send

去支持和帮助

over 937,000 children to primary and secondary school.

超过 93.7 万名儿童进入到中小学。

Every young woman we work with

我们合作过的每一位女性

supports, on average, another three children

在直系亲属之外，

outside of her immediate family

平均还支持了 3 个儿童

to go to school.

进入学校。

All without additional money from us.

所有这些行动都没有 跟我们申请额外的资金。

We are building a powerful force.

我们正打造出一股强大的力量。

Gaining ever greater momentum

随着我们为越来越多的 女孩打开大门，

as we open the door for more and more girls

帮助她们上学、获得成功、 发挥领导作用，

to go to school,

她们也反过来

succeed, lead and in turn, support thousands more.

支持成千上万的女孩， 我们也从中获得了越来越大的动力。

This system,

这个系统

supporting those once excluded to transform their lives

帮助着那些曾经游离在 社会边缘的人去改变命运，

and then step up for others,

然后为他人挺身而出，

can work for more than girls' education.

其作用远不止停留在女性教育层面。

Of course, you need to get your money back if you lend it.

当然，你需要收回你曾借出的钱。

But instead of demanding interest in dollars,

但是相比用美元计算利息，

can you consider using social interest instead?

你是否可以考虑 用社会利益作为偿付方式？

For example,

例如：

could young people

年轻人能不能

pass on the skills they learned in training colleges?

在技校授人以渔？

Like Michelle,

像 Michelle 那样，

who teaches brickmaking in rural Zimbabwe.

在津巴布韦偏远地区教授制砖方法。

Or Louisa,

或 Louisa,

who is training others on climate-smart agriculture

在马拉维培训人们进行

in Malawi.

气候智能型农耕。

Or Fatima in Ghana,

又或者像加纳的 Fatima,

who is training women to help deliver babies

教授女性在那些准妈妈

where expectant mothers

来不及赶到当地医院的时候

might not be able to make it to the local hospital on time.

如何帮助接生。

When I was growing up,

在我小的时候，

an elder in my village in rural Zimbabwe

我所在的津巴布韦村庄里的一个老人

once described the challenges I faced in going to school.

曾经描述过我在上学时面临的挑战。

She said,

她说，

"Those who harvest many pumpkins

“那些收获了很多南瓜的人

often do not have the clay pots to cook them in."

通常没有陶锅做饭。”

(Laughter)

（笑声）

What she meant was that,

她想表达的意思是，

although I got the best possible results in my exams

当我读完小学， 即使我在所有的考试中

when I finished elementary school,

拿到最好的成绩，

my talent was of no value

如果我的父母付不起

if my family could not afford to pay for me to continue my education.

我接下来上学的钱， 我的所学也会毫无价值。

Well, with this system,

然而，有了这个系统，

we are not just providing pots,

我们不止可以提供陶锅，

or making a single meal out of the pumpkins.

或用南瓜做一顿饭——

After all,

毕竟，

there are hundreds of seeds in a single pumpkin.

一个南瓜里有几百颗种子——

We are saving the seeds,

我们还能收集种子，

planting them

进行播种，

and nurturing every one of them.

精心培育每一颗幼苗。

And the result?

结果是什么呢？

A virtuous cycle of prosperity,

一个由年轻女性主导的， 处处体现

equality and hope,

繁荣、平等和希望的

led by young women.

虚拟循环。

Because together,

因为团结起来，

we are shaking up the world.

我们正在改变世界。

Pamoja tunaweza --

“Pamoja tunaweza”——

that's Swahili for my network motto: "Together we can!"

这是斯瓦西里语中 我的座右铭：“众志成城！”

Thank you.

谢谢大家。

(Applause)

（掌声）