Our fight for disability rights -- and why we're not done yet | Judith Heumann

164,407 views ・ 2018-04-24

TED


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Prevodilac: Sonja Rajkovic Lektor: Ivana Korom
00:12
I was born in 1947, a long time ago,
0
12760
3080
Rođena sam davne 1947. godine,
00:17
and when I was 18 months old, I had polio.
1
17280
3760
a kada sam imala 18 meseci, dobila sam dečju paralizu.
00:21
I was in an iron lung for three months
2
21680
2896
Tri meseca sam bila na aparatima za veštačko disanje
00:24
and in and out of the hospital for three years.
3
24600
2520
i tri godine sam bila primana i otpuštana iz bolnice.
00:27
Now, we had lots of neighbors in our Brooklyn neighborhood,
4
27960
3416
Imali smo puno komšija u našem komšiluku u Bruklinu,
00:31
and some of them were really very helpful for my parents.
5
31400
3320
i neki od njih su bili od velike pomoći mojim roditeljima.
00:35
Some of them were really afraid of contagion,
6
35320
3696
Neki od njih su se plašili da će se zaraziti,
00:39
and they wouldn't even walk in front of our house.
7
39040
3216
i ne bi čak dolazili ni do ulaza naše kuće.
00:42
They would literally walk across the street.
8
42280
2800
Bukvalno bi prelazili preko puta ulice.
00:45
I think this was a time when my family really began to realize
9
45680
4976
Mislim da je u to vreme moja porodica zaista počela da shvata
00:50
what disability meant to some people:
10
50680
2456
šta invaliditet znači za neke ljude:
00:53
fear.
11
53160
1200
strah.
00:55
And it wasn't even a sure thing that I would live at home,
12
55080
4296
Nije čak bilo sigurno da li ću živeti kod kuće,
00:59
although I didn't learn about this until I was 36 years old.
13
59400
3336
iako sam to saznala tek sa 36 godina.
01:02
I was having a discussion with my father one night,
14
62760
2896
Razgovorala sam sa ocem jedne večeri, i on mi je rekao:
01:05
and he said, "You know, when you were two years old,
15
65680
3016
"Znaš, kada si imala dve godine,
01:08
one of the doctors suggested to your mom and I
16
68720
2416
jedan od lekara je predložio tvojoj mami i meni
01:11
that you live in an institution,
17
71160
2936
da živiš u jednoj instituciji",
01:14
that they could just go ahead with their lives
18
74120
2856
da su mogli samo da nastave sa svojim životima
01:17
and raise their kids
19
77000
1256
i da podižu svoju decu
01:18
and kind of be done with having to deal with all the disability-related things.
20
78280
5016
i da prestanu da se bave svim tim stvarima vezanim za invaliditet.
01:23
I didn't believe my father, not because he was a liar,
21
83320
4096
Nisam verovala ocu, ne zato što je bio lažov,
01:27
but I'd never heard this story,
22
87440
2336
ali nikad nisam čula tu priču,
01:29
and my mother in fact validated that.
23
89800
2296
a moja majka je u stvari potvrdila to.
01:32
She never wanted to tell me.
24
92120
2136
Nikad nije želela da mi kaže.
01:34
But in reality, I don't know why I was really surprised by this story,
25
94280
4536
Ali zapravo, ne znam zašto sam toliko bila iznenađena tom pričom,
01:38
because when I was five years old,
26
98840
2776
s obzirom na to da, kada sam imala pet godina,
01:41
and my mother, like mothers and fathers all across the United States,
27
101640
4256
moja majka, kao i sve majke i očevi širom Sjedinjenih Američkih Država,
01:45
was taking me to school to enroll,
28
105920
2776
me je vodila da me upiše u školu,
01:48
she pushed my wheelchair to the school in walking distance to our house,
29
108720
4336
gurala je kolica do škole pešaka od naše kuće,
01:53
pulled the wheelchair up the steps into the school,
30
113080
3096
popela je kolica uz stepenice do škole,
01:56
and we were greeted by the principal.
31
116200
2176
i pozdravio nas je direktor.
01:58
Not really greeted.
32
118400
1856
Nije nas baš pozdravio.
02:00
But the principal said, no, I couldn't come to that school
33
120280
4576
Ali direktor je rekao da, ne, ne mogu da idem u tu školu
02:04
because it wasn't accessible.
34
124880
2696
zato što nije bila pristupačna za mene.
02:07
But he told us not to worry,
35
127600
2376
Ali rekao nam je da ne brinemo,
02:10
because the Board of Education in fact would send a teacher to my house.
36
130000
5176
zato što će školski odbor da pošalje učitelja kod mene kući.
02:15
And they did
37
135200
1816
I jesu to uradili
02:17
for a total of two and a half hours
38
137040
3695
na ukupno dva i po sata
02:20
a week.
39
140759
1217
nedeljno.
02:22
(Audience murmurs)
40
142000
1256
(Žagor publike)
02:23
But for good behavior,
41
143280
2056
Ali za dobro vladanje,
02:25
they threw in an occupational therapist
42
145360
3016
ubacili su i profesionalnog terapeuta
02:28
who taught me that very essential skill
43
148400
2856
koji me je učio toj veoma važnoj veštini
02:31
of cross-stitching.
44
151280
1440
veženja.
02:33
(Laughter)
45
153280
1256
(Smeh)
02:34
I don't cross-stitch today.
46
154560
1336
Ja i dan danas ne vezem.
02:35
(Laughter)
47
155920
2376
(Smeh)
02:38
I didn't actually get to go to school in a real building
48
158320
3696
Nisam imala priliku da pohađam školu u pravoj zgradi do moje devete godine,
02:42
until I was nine years old,
49
162040
2136
02:44
and then I was in classes only with disabled children
50
164200
3176
a i tada sam bila u razredu samo sa decom sa invaliditetima
02:47
in a school that had mainly nondisabled children.
51
167400
3216
u školi u kojoj je većina dece bila bez invaliditeta.
02:50
And in my classes,
52
170640
1856
I na tim časovima bilo je učenika do 21 godine.
02:52
there were students up to the age of 21.
53
172520
3200
02:56
And then, after 21,
54
176840
1856
A onda posle 21. godine,
02:58
they went to something called sheltered workshops
55
178720
3336
išli bi na nešto što se zove obezbeđene radionice
03:02
with menial work
56
182080
1616
sa nekvalifikovanim radom
03:03
and earning either nothing or below minimum wage.
57
183720
3200
i zarađivali bi ili ništa ili manje od minimalne zarade.
03:07
So I understood discrimination.
58
187480
3096
Tako da sam razumela šta je diskriminacija.
03:10
My parents understood discrimination.
59
190600
2776
Moji roditelji su razumeli šta je diskraminacija.
03:13
My parents came from Germany.
60
193400
2616
Moji roditelji su došli iz Nemačke.
03:16
They were German Jews who left in the 1930s,
61
196040
3696
Bili su nemački Jevreji koji su otišli tridesetih godina,
03:19
escaping the Holocaust.
62
199760
1480
bežeći od holokausta.
03:21
My parents lost family and they lost parents.
63
201920
3416
Moji roditelji su izgubili porodicu i izgubili su roditelje.
03:25
Both my parents lost their parents in the Holocaust.
64
205360
3776
Oboje su izgubili svoje roditelje u holokaustu.
03:29
And so they realized
65
209160
2176
Tako da su znali da ne mogu da ćute
03:31
that they could not be silent
66
211360
2096
03:33
as things were going wrong for me in my life.
67
213480
2680
dok su se stvari odvijale loše za mene u životu.
03:36
Not me personally,
68
216920
1376
Ne za mene lično,
03:38
but what was going on around me.
69
218320
2336
ali ono što se dešavalo oko mene.
03:40
They learned that because I used a wheelchair,
70
220680
3296
Shvatili su da zato što koristim kolica,
03:44
none of the high schools in New York City, in the entire city,
71
224000
3816
nijedna srednja škola u Njujorku, u celom gradu,
03:47
were wheelchair accessible,
72
227840
1896
nije imala pristup za kolica,
03:49
so what was supposed to happen
73
229760
2496
tako da ono što bi se desilo
03:52
is I was supposed to go back onto home instruction
74
232280
3256
je bilo da je trebalo da nastavim sa učenjem od kuće
03:55
along with many other students.
75
235560
2536
zajedno sa mnogim drugim đacima.
03:58
So my parents banded together with other parents.
76
238120
5176
Tako da su se moji roditelji udružili sa drugim roditeljima.
04:03
They went to the Board of Education
77
243320
2096
Otišli su kod školskog odbora
04:05
and they demanded that the Board of Ed make some of the high schools accessible.
78
245440
4496
i zahtevali su da odbor učini neke od škola pristupačnim.
04:09
And they did.
79
249960
1656
I učinili su to.
04:11
And so I and many others
80
251640
2376
Tako da je meni i mnogim drugima
04:14
were finally able to go to high school, a regular high school,
81
254040
3896
konačno bilo omogućeno da pohađamo srednju školu, običnu srednju školu,
04:17
and take regular classes.
82
257960
1600
i da idemo na obične časove.
04:20
So what happened next?
83
260520
2200
I šta se desilo sledeće?
04:23
I was learning more and more about what discrimination was,
84
263440
3416
Učila sam sve više šta je diskriminacija,
04:26
and equally important, I was learning that I needed to become my own advocate.
85
266880
4280
i podjednako važno, učila sam da je potrebno da se borim za sebe.
04:31
I was entering college, Long Island University,
86
271920
3456
Krenula sam na koledž, Long Ajlend univerzitet,
04:35
and I had always wanted to be a teacher,
87
275400
2416
i oduvek sam želela da budem nastavnik,
04:37
and so I minored in education and I took all the appropriate courses,
88
277840
5216
tako da mi je diplomski bio iz obrazovanja i išla sam na sve potrebne kurseve,
04:43
and then when it was time for me to go for my license,
89
283080
3896
i onda kada je došao trenutak da idem da uzmem licencu,
04:47
I had to take a written exam,
90
287000
2656
polagala sam pismeni ispit,
04:49
an oral exam
91
289680
1656
usmeni ispit,
04:51
and a medical exam.
92
291360
1936
i medicinski test.
04:53
At that time, all three of those exams
93
293320
3216
U to vreme, sva ova tri testa
04:56
were given in completely inaccessible buildings,
94
296560
3656
su se održavala u potpuno nepristupačnim zgradama,
05:00
so I had friends who carried me up and down the steps
95
300240
4256
tako da su me prijatelji nosili uz i niz stepenice
05:04
for these exams,
96
304520
1576
za ove ispite,
05:06
not in a motorized wheelchair.
97
306120
1656
ne u motorizovanim kolicima.
05:07
(Laughter)
98
307800
1016
(Smeh)
05:08
In a manual wheelchair.
99
308840
1480
U ručnim kolicima.
05:11
But I passed my oral exam.
100
311440
2776
Ali prošla sam usmeni ispit.
05:14
I passed my written exam.
101
314240
2160
Prošla sam pismeni ispit.
05:16
My medical exam was something completely different.
102
316960
3680
Sa mojim medicinskim testovima je bila drugačija priča.
05:21
One of the first questions the doctor asked me
103
321600
3136
Jedno od prvih pitanja koje mi je lekar postavio
05:24
was, could I please show her how I went to the bathroom.
104
324760
5280
bilo je da joj pokažem kako idem u WC.
05:31
I was 22 years old
105
331720
1976
Imala sam 22 godine
05:33
and you know when you go for any kind of an interview,
106
333720
2576
i znate kada idete na bilo kakav intervju,
05:36
you think about all the kinds of questions that people could ask you?
107
336320
3256
razmišljate o svim pitanjima koja bi ljudi mogli da vam postave?
05:39
(Laughter)
108
339600
1696
(Smeh)
05:41
That was not one of them.
109
341320
1240
To nije bilo jedno od njih.
05:43
And I was freaked out in the first place
110
343880
2576
U prvom trenutku sam se prestravila
05:46
because I had heard
111
346480
1456
zato što sam čula
05:47
that there were actually no disabled people using wheelchairs
112
347960
3496
da zapravo nije bilo ljudi sa kolicima
05:51
who were teachers in New York,
113
351480
1656
koji su predavali u Njujorku,
05:53
so each step along the way I was expecting something bad.
114
353160
4176
tako da sam svakim korakom na tom putu očekivala da će se desiti nešto loše.
05:57
So I said to her,
115
357360
1896
Tako da sam pitala doktorku,
05:59
is it a requirement that teachers show their students
116
359280
2496
da li je obaveza da nastavnici pokazuju svojim đacima
06:01
how to go to the bathroom?
117
361800
1280
kako da idu u WC?
06:04
If it is, I can do that.
118
364200
2000
Ako jeste, mogu ja to.
06:07
So no surprise,
119
367400
2216
Tako da nije bilo iznenađujuće,
06:09
I was failed
120
369640
1736
da sam oborena
06:11
because I didn't pass the medical.
121
371400
2416
zato što nisam prošla medicinski test.
06:13
The official reason that I was denied my job
122
373840
3296
Zvanični razlog što mi je uskraćen posao
06:17
was paralysis of poliomyelitis sequelae of -- I'm sorry.
123
377160
6816
je bio paraliza dečje paralize posledice - izvinite.
06:24
Paralysis of both lower limbs, sequelae of poliomyelitis.
124
384000
4536
Paraliza donjih ekstremiteta, kao posledice dečje paralize.
06:28
Honestly, I didn't know what the word "sequelae" meant,
125
388560
2616
Iskreno, nisam znala šta "kao posledice" znači,
06:31
so I went to the dictionary, and it meant "because of."
126
391200
3296
tako da sam pogledala u rečnik, i znači "usled".
06:34
So I'd been denied my license because I couldn't walk.
127
394520
3200
Tako da mi je odbijena licenca zato što nisam mogla da hodam.
06:38
So what was I going to do?
128
398600
2576
I šta sada da radim?
06:41
This is a really important time in my life,
129
401200
3056
Ovo je bio posebno važan trenutak u mom životu,
06:44
because it would be the first time
130
404280
1936
Zato što je to bio prvi put
06:46
that I really would be challenging the system, me,
131
406240
4496
da ću se stvarno suprotstaviti sistemu, ja,
06:50
and although I was working with a lot of other friends who had disabilities
132
410760
3736
i iako sam radila sa ostalim prijateljima koji su imali invaliditete,
06:54
who were encouraging me to move forward with this,
133
414520
2576
koji su me ohrabrivali da idem napred sa tim,
06:57
it was nonetheless quite frightening.
134
417120
2576
ipak je bilo zastrašujuće.
06:59
But I was really very lucky.
135
419720
1576
Ali sam imala dosta sreće.
07:01
I had a friend who was a disabled student at Long Island University
136
421320
4216
Imala sam prijatelja koji je bio student sa invaliditetom
na Long Ajlend univerzitetu a takođe i izveštač za Njujork Tajms,
07:05
and was also a stringer at the "New York Times,"
137
425560
3256
07:08
and he was able to get a reporter
138
428840
2656
i uspeo je da dobije reportera
07:11
to write a really good piece about what had happened
139
431520
3896
da napiše veoma dobar članak o onome što se desilo
07:15
and why he thought what had happened was wrong.
140
435440
2400
i zašto je on mislio da je ono što se desilo pogrešno.
07:18
The next day there was an editorial in the "New York Times"
141
438600
4536
Narednog dana pojavio se novinski članak u Njujork Tajmsu
07:23
with the title of "Heumann v. The Board of Education"
142
443160
3296
sa naslovom „Hjuman protiv školskog odbora,“
07:26
and the "New York Times" came out in support
143
446480
2296
tako da je Njujork Tajms pružio podršku
07:28
of my getting my teaching license.
144
448800
2096
da ja dobijem licencu za nastavnika.
07:30
(Applause)
145
450920
3896
(Aplauz)
07:34
And then the same day,
146
454840
1336
A onda istog tog dana,
07:36
I got a call from an attorney who was writing a book about civil rights.
147
456200
4856
dobila sam poziv od advokata koji je pisao knjigu o ljudskim pravima.
07:41
And he was calling me to interview me,
148
461080
3296
I pozvao me je na intervju,
07:44
and I was interviewing him.
149
464400
2176
a ja sam intervjuisala njega.
07:46
He didn't know that.
150
466600
1296
On to nije znao.
07:47
And at the end of our discussion, I said,
151
467920
2736
I na kraju razgovora, rekla sam,
07:50
"Would you be willing to represent me? I want to sue the Board of Education."
152
470680
3936
„Da li biste želeli da me zastupate? Hoću da tužim školski odbor.“
07:54
And he said yes.
153
474640
1616
Pristao je.
07:56
Now, sometimes I say that the stars were aligned around this court case,
154
476280
5536
Ponekad volim da kažem da su se zvezde poklopile oko ovog slučaja,
08:01
because we had an amazing judge:
155
481840
3456
zato što smo imali sjajnog sudiju:
08:05
the first African American female federal judge --
156
485320
5216
prvog ženskog afroameričkog državnog sudiju -
08:10
(Laughter)
157
490560
1656
(Smeh)
08:12
Constance Baker Motley.
158
492240
2496
Konstancu Bejker Motli.
08:14
(Applause)
159
494760
5936
(Aplauz)
08:20
And she knew discrimination when she saw it.
160
500720
3936
A ona je odlično znala šta je diskriminacija.
08:24
(Laughter)
161
504680
2576
(Smeh)
08:27
So she strongly encouraged the Board of Ed
162
507280
3976
Tako da je izričito zahtevala od školskog odbora
08:31
to give me another medical exam,
163
511280
3296
da radim drugi medicinski test,
08:34
which they did.
164
514600
1696
što su oni i uradili.
08:36
And then I got my license,
165
516320
3016
A onda sam dobila moju licencu,
08:39
and while it took a number of months
166
519360
1736
i dok je trebalo da prođe puno meseci
08:41
for me to actually get a principal to offer me a job,
167
521120
3056
da zapravo dođe direktor i ponudi mi posao,
08:44
I finally did get a job and I started teaching that fall
168
524200
3896
konačno sam ga dobila i počela sam da predajem te jeseni
08:48
in the same school that I had gone to,
169
528120
2936
u istoj školi u koju sam ja išla,
08:51
second grade.
170
531080
1200
drugom razredu.
08:53
So --
171
533400
1216
Tako da...
08:54
(Applause)
172
534640
3536
(Aplauz)
08:58
That's a whole other TED Talk.
173
538200
1576
To je jedan sasvim drugi TED govor.
08:59
(Laughter)
174
539800
1616
(Smeh)
09:01
But I was learning as my friends were,
175
541440
4056
Ali učila sam kao što su i moji prijatelji
09:05
and people I didn't know around the country,
176
545520
2496
i ljudi koje nisam poznavala širom zemlje,
09:08
that we had to be our own advocates,
177
548040
3256
da moramo da se borimo za svoja prava,
09:11
that we needed to fight back people's view
178
551320
4256
da moramo da se suprotstavimo mišljenjima drugih ljudi
09:15
that if you had a disability, you needed to be cured,
179
555600
3336
da ako imaš invaliditet, potrebno je da se izlečiš,
09:18
that equality was not part of the equation.
180
558960
3056
da jednakost nije deo te jednačine.
09:22
And we were learning from the Civil Rights Movement
181
562040
3296
I učili smo od pokreta za ljudska prava
09:25
and from the Women's Rights Movement.
182
565360
2136
i od pokreta za prava žena.
09:27
We were learning from them about their activism
183
567520
3176
Učili smo od njih o njihovom aktivizmu
09:30
and their ability to come together,
184
570720
2016
i njihovoj sposobnosti da se okupe zajedno
09:32
not only to discuss problems
185
572760
2736
ne samo da raspravljaju o problemima
09:35
but to discuss solutions.
186
575520
1936
već i da raspravljaju o rešenjima.
09:37
And what was born is what we call today the Disability Rights Movement.
187
577480
4400
a ono što se rodilo tada je ono što danas zovemo
pokret za prava ljudi sa invaliditetom.
09:42
So I'd like to tell you a couple of riddles.
188
582800
2800
Tako da bih sada želela da vam postavim nekoliko zagonetki.
09:46
How many people do you think it takes
189
586840
2240
Šta mislite koliko je ljudi potrebno
09:50
to stop traffic on Madison Avenue
190
590080
3776
da zaustavite saobraćaj u Medison Aveniji
09:53
during rush hour in New York City?
191
593880
2536
tokom saobraćajne gužve u Njujorku?
09:56
Do you have a guess? How many?
192
596440
1616
Da li možete da pogodite? Koliko?
09:58
(Audience members shout out answers)
193
598080
1715
(Pojedinci iz publike uzvikuju odgovore)
10:01
Fifty.
194
601360
1200
Pedeset.
10:03
One would be too little.
195
603520
1200
Jedan bi bio premalo.
10:06
Fifty people.
196
606160
1256
Pedeset ljudi.
10:07
And there were no accessible paddy wagons,
197
607440
2736
A nije bilo pristupačnih kočionih kola,
10:10
so they had to just kind of deal with us.
198
610200
2736
tako da su jednostavno morali da se izbore sa nama.
10:12
(Laughter)
199
612960
2296
(Smeh)
10:15
(Applause)
200
615280
1976
(Aplauz)
10:17
But let me tell you another riddle.
201
617280
2336
Ali dopustite da vam postavim još jednu zagonetku.
10:19
How many people does it take to stop a bus in New York City
202
619640
4696
Koliko ljudi je potrebno da zaustavite autobus u Njujorku
10:24
when they refuse to let you on because you're in a wheelchair?
203
624360
3560
kada vam ne dopuštaju da uđete zato što ste u kolicima?
10:29
One. That is the right answer.
204
629120
2376
Jedan. To je tačan odgovor.
10:31
So what you have to do though
205
631520
2896
Ipak ono što treba da uradite
10:34
is take your wheelchair --
206
634440
1856
je da dovezete kolica
10:36
(Laughter)
207
636320
2976
(Smeh)
10:39
Sidle in the right place right in front of the steps
208
639320
3856
zaobiđete na pravom mestu pravo ispred stepenica
10:43
and give it a little push underneath,
209
643200
3336
i gurnete ih malo ispod
10:46
and then their bus can't move.
210
646560
1776
i onda autobus ne može da se pomeri.
10:48
(Laughter)
211
648360
3656
(Smeh)
10:52
Any of you who want to learn how to do that,
212
652040
3536
Oni koji žele da nauče kako da urade ovo
10:55
talk to me after this.
213
655600
1216
obratite mi se nakon govora.
10:56
(Laughter)
214
656840
1816
(Smeh)
10:58
In 1972, President Nixon vetoed the Rehabilitation Act.
215
658680
6240
Predsednik Nikson je 1972. godine stavio zabranu na Zakon o rehabilitaciji.
11:05
We protested. He signed it.
216
665720
2640
Protestvovali smo. Potpisao je.
11:09
Then the regulations that needed to be promulgated to implement that law
217
669120
4976
Onda regulacije koje su bile potrebne da bi zakon stupio na snagu
11:14
had not in fact been signed.
218
674120
2416
zapravo nisu bile potpisane.
11:16
We demonstrated. They were signed.
219
676560
2360
Demonstrirali smo. Potpisane su.
11:19
And when the Americans With Disabilities Act, the ADA,
220
679680
3856
A kada je zakon o amerikancima sa invaliditetom,
11:23
our Emancipation Proclamation Act,
221
683560
3016
naš zakon o proglašenju emancipacije,
11:26
looked as though it might not in fact be passed in the House or Senate,
222
686600
5416
izgledao kao da zapravo neće proći na Senatu,
11:32
disabled people from all across the United States came together
223
692040
4256
ljudi sa invaliditetom širom Sjedinjenih Američkih Država su se okupili
11:36
and they crawled up the Capitol steps.
224
696320
3560
i uspuzali su uz stepenice zgrade Senata.
11:41
That was an amazing day,
225
701560
2736
To je bio neverovatan dan,
11:44
and the House and Senate passed the ADA.
226
704320
3480
i Senat je odobrio ovaj zakon.
11:48
And then President Bush signed the ADA.
227
708520
5456
A onda je presednik Buš potpisao zakon o amerikancima sa invaliditetom.
11:54
It's a great picture.
228
714000
1576
To je sjajna slika.
11:55
President Bush signed the ADA on the lawn of the White House.
229
715600
4056
Presednik Buš je potpisao ovaj zakon na travnjaku ispred Bele kuće.
11:59
It was an amazing day,
230
719680
1976
To je bio neverovatan dan,
12:01
and there are about 2,000 people there.
231
721680
2520
bilo je oko 2000 ljudi tamo.
12:05
It was July 26, 1990.
232
725000
3960
Bio je 26. jul 1990. godine.
12:09
And one of the most famous statements he had in his speech
233
729720
3696
Jedna od najpoznatijih izjava u njegovom govoru bila je:
12:13
was, "Let the shameful walls of exclusion finally come tumbling down."
234
733440
5600
„Hajde da konačno srušimo te sramne zidove isključivanja ljudi.“
12:20
For any of you in the room
235
740000
2056
Za sve vas ovde u ovoj prostoriji
12:22
who are 50 or older, or maybe or even 40 or older,
236
742080
3536
koji imate pedeset godina ili više, ili možda čak i četrdeset i više,
12:25
you remember a time when there were no ramps on the streets,
237
745640
3176
sećate se vremena kada nije bilo rampi na ulicama,
12:28
when buses were not accessible,
238
748840
2056
kada autobusi nisu bili pristupačni,
12:30
when trains were not accessible,
239
750920
1976
kada vozovi nisu bili pristupačni,
12:32
where there were no wheelchair-accessible bathrooms in shopping malls,
240
752920
3816
kada u tržnim centrima nije bilo pristupačnih WC-a za ljude sa kolicima,
12:36
where you certainly did not have a sign language interpreter,
241
756760
3136
kada definitivno nije bilo prevodioca za znakovni jezik,
12:39
or captioning, or braille or other kinds of supports.
242
759920
4176
ili titlova ili Brajeve azbuke ili druge vrste podrške.
12:44
These things have changed,
243
764120
1936
Ove stvari su se promenile, i inspirisale su čitav svet.
12:46
and they have inspired the world.
244
766080
2656
12:48
And disabled people around the world want laws like we have,
245
768760
4816
Ljudi sa invaliditetom širom sveta žele da imaju zakone kakve mi imamo,
12:53
and they want those laws enforced.
246
773600
2240
i žele da se ti zakoni primenjuju.
12:56
And so what we've seen is something called
247
776600
2816
Tako da ono što vidimo je nešto što se zove
12:59
the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
248
779440
3280
Sporazum za prava ljudi sa invaliditetom.
13:03
It is a treaty that was adopted in 2006.
249
783160
3856
To je sporazum koji je usvojen 2006. godine.
13:07
It's celebrating is 10-year anniversary.
250
787040
3976
Sada slavi svoju desetogodišnjicu.
13:11
More than 165 countries have joined this treaty.
251
791040
4440
Više od 65 zemalja se priključilo ovom sporazumu.
13:16
It is the first international human rights treaty
252
796160
4096
To je prvi internacionalni sporazum za ljudska prava
13:20
fully focused on disabled people.
253
800280
2560
koji se u potpunosti fokusira na ljude sa invaliditetom.
13:23
But I am sad to say that our US Senate
254
803520
4136
Ali žao mi je da kažem da je naš američki Senat
13:27
has failed to recommend to our president that we ratify the treaty.
255
807680
5256
propustio da kaže našem presedniku da i mi treba da potvrdimo ovaj sporazum.
13:32
We signed it in 2009,
256
812960
2936
Potpisali smo ga 2009. godine,
13:35
but it doesn't come into force until ratification,
257
815920
4216
ali ne stupa na snagu dok se ne ratifikuje,
13:40
and the president -- no president can ratify a treaty
258
820160
3216
i presednik... nijedan presednik ne može da potvrdi sporazum
13:43
without the consent of the Senate.
259
823400
2560
bez odobrenja Senata.
13:46
So we feel really strongly
260
826560
3456
Tako da smo mi čvrstog mišljenja
13:50
that our US Senate needs to do its job,
261
830040
3536
da naš Senat treba da uradi svoj posao,
13:53
that our Senate needs to enable us as Americans
262
833600
4176
da naš Senat treba da omogući nama amerikancima,
13:57
not only to be able to assist disabled people and governments around the world
263
837800
5136
ne samo da možemo da pomognemo ljudima sa invaliditetom i vladama u svetu
14:02
to learn about the good work that we've been doing,
264
842960
3856
da nauče o dobrim stvarima koje mi radimo,
14:06
but it's equally important
265
846840
2016
već je podjednako važno da ljudi sa invaliditetom imaju iste prilike
14:08
that disabled people have the same opportunities
266
848880
3816
14:12
to travel, study and work abroad
267
852720
3656
da putuju, uče i rade u inostranstvu kao i bilo ko drugi u našoj zemlji.
14:16
as anyone else in our country.
268
856400
2376
14:18
And as long as many countries don't have the same laws as we do
269
858800
4136
I sve dok mnoge zemlje nemaju iste zakone kao i mi
14:22
and don't enforce them if they have them,
270
862960
2616
i oni ne budu primenjeni, čak i ako ih imaju,
14:25
opportunities for disabled people are more limited.
271
865600
3080
prilike za osobe sa invaliditetom su ograničene.
14:29
When I travel abroad,
272
869840
1936
Kada putujem u inostranstvo,
14:31
I am always meeting with disabled women,
273
871800
2816
uvek se srećem sa ženama sa invaliditetom,
14:34
and those women tell me stories
274
874640
2456
i te žene mi pričaju priče
14:37
about how they experience violence and rape
275
877120
4336
o tome kako preživljavaju nasilje i silovanje
14:41
and how in many cases these forms of violence
276
881480
3656
i kako u mnogim slučajevima ovi oblici nasilja
14:45
occur from family members and people that they know,
277
885160
5496
se javljaju među članovima porodice i ljudima koje poznaju,
14:50
who in fact may be working for them.
278
890680
2576
koji u stvari možda rade za njih.
14:53
And frequently these cases are not adjudicated.
279
893280
3416
I često ovi slučajevi nisu osuđeni.
14:56
I meet disabled people
280
896720
1976
Srećem ljude sa invaliditetom
14:58
who have been offered jobs by businesses
281
898720
4656
kojima su nuđeni poslovi od strane firmi
15:03
because they live in a country where there's a quota system,
282
903400
3376
zato što žive u zemlji gde postoji sistem kvote,
15:06
and in order to avoid a fine,
283
906800
2536
i da bi izbegli kaznu,
15:09
they will hire you
284
909360
2256
oni će vas zaposliti
15:11
and then tell you,
285
911640
1256
a onda vam reći,
15:12
"You don't need to come to work
286
912920
1856
„Ne moraš da dolaziš na posao
15:14
because we really don't need you in the facility."
287
914800
3160
zato što nam nisi zaista potreban u objektu.“
15:18
I have visited institutions
288
918800
2576
Posetila sam institucije
15:21
where the stench of urine is so strong
289
921400
3856
gde je smrad urina toliko jak
15:25
that before you open the door of your vehicle,
290
925280
3096
da pre nego što otvoriš vrata vozila,
15:28
you're kind of pushed back,
291
928400
2016
na neki način si odgurnut,
15:30
and then gone into those institutions
292
930440
2816
a onda sam išla u te institucije
15:33
where people should be living in the community with appropriate supports
293
933280
4896
gde bi ljudi trebalo da žive u zajednici, sa odgovarajućom podrškom,
15:38
and seen people almost naked,
294
938200
3056
i videla te ljude skoro gole,
15:41
people who are chemically drugged
295
941280
2496
ljude koji su hemijski tretirani
15:43
and people who are living lives of despair.
296
943800
2480
i ljude koji žive očajne živote.
15:47
These are some of the things that the US needs to be doing more to correct.
297
947120
5320
Postoje neke stvari koje je potrebno da Amerika uradi da bi ispravila to.
15:53
We know discrimination when we see it,
298
953240
3176
Znamo dobro šta je diskriminacija,
15:56
and we need to be fighting it together.
299
956440
2040
i potrebno je da se borimo protiv nje zajedno.
15:59
So what is it that we can be doing together?
300
959120
3160
Pa šta je to što bismo mogli da uradimo zajedno?
16:03
I encourage you all to recognize
301
963320
2776
Podstičem vas da shvatite
16:06
that disability is a family you can join at any point in your life.
302
966120
5160
da je invaliditet porodica kojoj se možete priključiti svakog trenutka u životu.
16:12
I'd like to see by a show of hands how many of you have ever broken a bone?
303
972040
4480
Želela bih da podignete ruku svi vi koji ste nekad polomili kost.
16:18
And then, when you leave today, I'd like you to maybe write a couple of sentences
304
978800
4776
A onda, kada odete odavde danas, želela bih da napišete nekoliko rečenica
16:23
about what that period of time has been like for you,
305
983600
3856
o tome kako je izgledao taj period za vas,
16:27
because frequently I hear from people,
306
987480
2536
zato što često čujem od ljudi,
16:30
"You know, I couldn't do this, I couldn't do that.
307
990040
3016
„Znaš, nisam mogao ovo, nisam mogla ono.
16:33
People talked to me differently. They acted differently towards me."
308
993080
4296
Ljudi su razgovarali sa mnom drugačije. Ponašali su se prema meni dugačije.“
16:37
And that's what I see and other disabled people see
309
997400
3856
I to je ono što ja vidim i ono što ostali ljudi sa invaliditetom vide
16:41
in flashing letters.
310
1001280
1560
u dirljivim pismima.
16:43
But we -- you in this room,
311
1003520
2736
Ali mi... vi u ovoj prostoriji,
16:46
people listening and watching this TED Talk --
312
1006280
3216
ljudi koji slušaju i gledaju ovaj TED govor...
16:49
together we can make a difference.
313
1009520
3136
mi zajedno možemo da promenimo stvari.
16:52
Together we can speak up for justice.
314
1012680
3080
Zajedno možemo da podignemo svoj glas protiv nepravde.
16:56
Together we can help change the world.
315
1016280
2840
Zajedno možemo da pomognemo da promenimo svet.
16:59
Thank you. I have to go catch my bus.
316
1019960
2576
Hvala vam. Moram da idem da uhvatim autobus.
17:02
(Applause)
317
1022560
6440
(Aplauz)
About this website

This site will introduce you to YouTube videos that are useful for learning English. You will see English lessons taught by top-notch teachers from around the world. Double-click on the English subtitles displayed on each video page to play the video from there. The subtitles scroll in sync with the video playback. If you have any comments or requests, please contact us using this contact form.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7