Empower a girl, transform a community | Kakenya Ntaiya

To empower girls,

Lektor: Ivana Korom

Da biste osnažili devojke,

you need to educate them.

treba da ih edukujete.

That was my dream.

To je bio moj san.

And so I built a school,

I zato sam izgradila školu

and in the process, I learned something much bigger.

i tokom tog procesa, naučila sam nešto mnogo važnije.

When you empower a girl, you transform a community.

Kad devojčici ukažete pravo i poverenje, vi transformišete zajednicu.

School is just a start.

Škola je tek početak.

I grew up in rural Kenya

Odrasla sam u ruralnom delu Kenije,

in a small village called Enoosaen.

u jednom malom selu po imenu Enusaen.

I was the first of eight children,

Bila sam najstarija od osmoro dece

and I spent my childhood helping my mother cook, clean, farm

i detinjstvo sam provela pomažući majci u kuvanju, čišćenju, u polju

and take care of my siblings.

i čuvala braću i sestre.

Like other Maasai girls,

Kao i ostale Masai devojke,

I was engaged from a very young age to be married.

ugovorili su mi brak kad sam bila još veoma mlada.

But as I reached puberty,

Čim sam zašla u pubertet

I underwent female genital mutilation,

podvrgnuta sam genitalnon sakaćenju,

known as FGM.

poznatom kao FGM (female genital mutilation)

This picture shows some of the tools that are used to perform FGM on girls.

Na slici se vide alati koji se koriste da bi se izvršio FGM na devojčicama.

FGM was supposed to mark the end of my childhood

FGM je trebalo da obeleži kraj mog detinjstva

and, by extension, my education.

a, samim tim, i mog obrazovanja.

But I negotiated with my father in order to stay in school --

Ali, ja sam pregovarala sa svojim ocem da nastavim sa obrazovanjem -

even after going through FGM.

i nakon što se sprovede FGM.

Years later I went to university.

Godinama kasnije otišla sam na univerzitet.

And in order to get my community's support,

A da bih dobila podršku zajednice,

I promised to come back one day to repay that support.

obećala sam da ću se vratiti jednog dana da bih vratila tu uslugu.

But years later, when I went back to my village,

Ali nakon dosta godina, kada sam se vratila u selo

not much had changed.

nije se mnogo šta promenilo.

Girls were still going through FGM,

Nad devojkama se i dalje vršila FGM,

still leaving school,

još uvek su napuštale škole,

still getting married to men older than their fathers

i dalje su ih udavali za muškarce starije od njihovih očeva

and still having children when they're teenagers.

i rađale su decu dok su još uvek bile tinejdžerke.

I did not want to see any more girls go through that.

Nisam više želela da gledam kako devojčice i dalje kroz to prolaze.

That's when I knew what I needed to do to give back to my community.

Tada sam znala šta treba da učinim da se odužim svojoj zajednici.

I built a school just for girls

Sagradila sam školu samo za devojčice

so that they can be free from FGM and early marriage.

da ih na taj način rešim FGM-a i rane udaje.

At my first enrollment --

Kada je bio prvi upis -

(Applause and cheers)

(Aplauz i ovacije)

At my first enrollment,

Kada je bio prvi upis,

I had hoped for 10 girls.

nadala sam se da ću imati 10 devojčica.

100 came.

Došlo ih je stotinu.

(Cheers and applause)

(Ovacije i aplauz)

I started to realize just how big this dream was,

Počela sam da shvatam koliki je ovaj san bio,

and soon I learned that my school could be the foundation --

i uskoro sam shvatila da moja škola može biti osnova -

but it wasn't going to be enough.

ali da to neće biti dovoljno.

So that first year, I enrolled these 30 girls.

Te prve godine upisala sam ovih 30 devojčica.

Some had been abused, others were orphans,

Neke od njih su bile zlostavljane, neke su bile siročad,

and some came from families that are very traditional,

a neke su bile iz porodica koje su bile veoma tradicionalne,

that had never sent any girl to school.

koje nikad nisu slale devojčice u školu.

So school started.

I tako je škola krenula.

Though the girls seemed excited to be there,

Iako se činilo da su devojčice bile uzbuđene što su tu,

they were having difficulty staying awake.

bilo im je problematično da ostanu budne.

What was going on?

Šta se dešavalo?

They had a teacher, they had books,

Imale su učitelja, imale su knjige,

there was a new classroom on the way,

pravila se nova učionica,

but ...

ali...

They were determined to be there, but they had no energy.

Bile su odlučne da budu tu, ali nisu imale snage.

Then I realized they were hungry,

Onda sam shvatila da su gladne,

so I quickly found a cook and food.

pa sam brzo pronašla kuvaricu i hranu.

Soon thereafter, I learned that a classroom was not enough.

Ubrzo nakon toga sam shvatila da učionica nije dovoljna.

I needed a boarding school.

Trebao mi je internat.

Not only were the girls tired and hungry from chores

Ne samo da su devojčice bile umorne i gladne zbog kućnih poslova

and long walks to school and back home,

i dugog hoda do škole i nazad kućama,

they were also not safe.

one nisu bile ni bezbedne.

It's a sad truth,

To je jedna tužna istina,

but girls are often assaulted, raped and even kidnapped

ali devojčice su često napadali, silovali, pa čak i otimali

on their way to school.

na putu do škole.

So before a girl could learn math or history,

Da bi devojčica uopšte mogla da uči matematiku ili istoriju

trebalo je prvo da se oseća bezbednom,

she needed to feel safe,

she needed to be rested and be well-nourished.

trebalo je da bude odmorna i sita.

So let me tell you about some of my girls.

Reći ću vam nešto o nekim od mojih devojčica.

This is Faith.

Ovo je Vera.

Faith comes from a very traditional family in the community.

Vera potiče iz veoma tradicionalne porodice u zajednici.

Her older sister had already gone through FGM and already married,

Njena starija sestra je već prošla FGM i već je udata,

but Faith was so determined.

ali Vera je bila veoma odlučna.

She really loved learning,

Ona zaista voli da uči,

and she wanted to come to my school when she heard about it.

i poželela je da dođe u moju školu kada je za nju čula.

So she asked her father, her mother --

Molila je oca, majku -

anyone to bring her to my school.

bilo koga, da je dovede u školu.

They all refused.

Svi su odbili.

Faith did something very brave.

Vera je onda uradila nešto veoma hrabro.

She stole an egg from her mother's house,

Ukrala je jaje iz majčine kuće,

went to the market,

otišla na pijacu,

sold the egg and bought a single pencil.

prodala to jaje i kupila olovku.

Then she walked five miles,

A onda je pešačila osam kilometara,

clenching that pencil, trying to enroll.

stiskajući tu olovku, sve u želji da se upiše.

She arrived --

Stigla je -

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

She arrived tired and hungry,

Stigla je umorna i gladna,

but determined.

ali odlučna.

I listened to her story, and we enrolled her in my school.

Saslušala sam njenu priču i upisali smo je u školu.

But getting into my school was only just the start.

Ali upis u moju školu je bio samo početak.

Faith needed food, she needed medicine,

Veri je trebala hrana, trebali su joj lekovi,

she needed counseling --

trebalo joj je savetovanje -

all of which we provided.

i sve smo to obezbedili.

And she also met adults who already believed in her.

Takođe je upoznala odrasle koji su već verovali u nju.

Supported by this community,

Zajednica ju je podržala

Faith was ready to learn.

i Vera je bila spremna da uči.

This is Faith.

Ovo je Vera.

Six months of schooling,

Šest meseci školovanja,

now she's a happy sixth grader who dreams of becoming a pilot someday,

sada je ona srećna učenica šestog razreda koja sanja da jednog dana postane pilot.

and her family now supports her,

Njena porodica je sada podržava,

and best of all,

a što je najbolje od svega,

her younger sisters will follow in her footsteps.

njene mlađe sestre će ići njenim stopama.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Child marriage is expected to cost the global economy trillions of dollars

Očekuje se da dečiji brak košta globalnu ekonomiju bilione dolara

over the next 15 years.

u sledećih 15 godina.

We can talk numbers,

Možemo pričati o brojkama,

but in a real lifetime,

ali u stvarnom životu

what child marriage will cost my village is the doctor, the teacher,

koliko će dečiji brak koštati moje selo je doktor, učitelj,

the entrepreneur,

preduzetnik,

the true partner our men will need in the future ...

istinski partner kojeg će naši muškarci trebati u budućnosti...

real ways women can help us lift out of poverty.

pravi načini na koje žene mogu da pomognu da se izvučemo iz siromaštva.

So I came to realize once again,

Tako da sam još jednom shvatila,

as I did when I needed help to go to university,

kao što sam kada mi je trebala pomoć da odem na fakultet,

that while I could dream or have a dream,

da, koliko god maštala i sanjala o tome,

I could not make it come true all by myself.

ja to ne mogu da ostvarim potpuno sama.

So I went back to the elders who helped me more than a decade ago.

I vratila sam se starešinama koji su mi pomogli pre više od 10 godina.

I needed their support once again if I was going to be successful.

Opet mi je trebala njihova pomoć ako hoću da uspem.

So I formed a community board with religious leaders, parents

Oformila sam veće zajednice sa verskim vođama, roditeljima

and some teachers from other schools.

i učiteljima iz drugih škola.

I needed allies in the government and in the community

Trebali su mi saradnici u vladi i u zajednici

to help advance my goal.

da mi pomognu da napredujem prema svom cilju.

I needed especially the support of the chief

Posebno mi je bila potrebna podrška poglavara

to help me enforce the no-FGM policy in my school.

da mi pomogne da ojačam politiku zabrane FGM-a u mojoj školi.

At first he was resistant,

U početku se opirao,

but I persisted --

ali ja sam bila uporna -

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

and now he's our greatest ally.

i sada je on naš najveći saveznik.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

I also needed the fathers.

Takođe su mi bili potrebni očevi.

That brings me to Linet.

Ovo me sada dovodi do Linet.

Linet's father, Momposhi, did not believe in the education of girls.

Linetin otac, Mompoši, nije verovao u obrazovanje devojčica.

In fact, he himself never went to school.

U stvari, ni on sam nikada nije išao u školu.

But Linet's mother believed in Linet and brought her to enroll in my school,

Ali, Linetina majka je verovala u nju i dovela ju je da se upiše u moju školu

and I knew she belonged with us.

i znala sam da joj je mesto među nama.

I just had to find a way to get Momposhi to believe in Linet, too.

Još je samo trebalo da pronađem način da navedem Mompošija da tako veruje u Linet.

So I used the pretense of revealing Linet's grade

Izmislila sam da moram da razgovaram o Linetinim ocenama

to get Momposhi to come.

da bih navela Mompošija da dođe.

He came, and he started noticing his daughter being promising as a student.

Došao je i počeo da uviđa da je njegova kćerka perspektivna učenica.

With each visit, he built a strong relationship with his daughter --

Svakom posetom on je izgrađivao jak odnos sa svojom kćerkom -

noticing not just her grades

primećujući ne samo njene ocene,

but also accepting her as someone with full potential.

nego ju je i prihvatio kao nekoga sa punim potencijalom.

So when Linet was accepted in one of the top national high schools

I kada je Linet pimljena u jednu od najboljih srednjih škola

after eighth grade,

nakon osmog razreda,

Momposhi was bursting with pride

Mompoši je pucao od ponosa,

and went around the village

hodao je po selu

telling everyone how proud and how smart his daughter was.

i svakome govorio kako je ponosna i pametna njegova kćerka.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Can you imagine?

Možete li zamisliti?

He brought Linet to the new school himself.

Lično je odveo Linet u tu novu školu.

It was the first time either of them had ever been to Nairobi.

To je bilo prvi put da je ijedno od njih ikada bilo u Najrobiju.

Today Linet is studying at university in Australia --

Danas Linet studira na univerzitetu u Australiji -

(Applause and cheers)

(Aplauz i ovacije)

and Momposhi is our greatest advocate in the community.

a Mompoši je naš najveći zagovornik u zajednici.

I also brought mothers to the table,

Takođe sam u klupu dovela i majke,

including my own.

uključujući i svoju.

That's my mother in one of our training programs.

Ovo je moja majka u jednom od naših programa obuke.

And our mothers are involved in the education of their own children.

I naše majke su uključene u obrazovanje svoje dece.

I also brought grandmothers into the mix.

Dovela sam i bake.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

In my community, grandmothers are the proud keepers

U mojoj zajednici bake su ponosni čuvari

of our stories and cultures,

naših priča i kultura

and I wanted my girls to learn and embrace our rich Maasai culture.

i želela sam da moje devojčice nauče i prigrle našu bogatu Masai kulturu.

Today, grandmothers do story time with the girls,

Danas bake imaju određeno vreme kada pričaju devojčicama priče

and it's a beautiful way our community remains connected.

i to je jedan divan način povezivanja naše zajednice.

I also ...

Takođe sam

started working with the boys!

počela da radim sa dečacima!

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

What would happen

Šta bi se desilo

if the boys grew up with the same mindset as their fathers before them?

da dečaci odrastaju sa istim mentalnim sklopom kao njihovi očevi?

I'll tell you, not much will change.

Mogu reći da bi se malo toga promenilo.

So I enlisted support from an organization called I'm Worth Defending:

Zato sam zatražila pomoć od organizacije po imenu I'm Worth Defending:

a group of young, progressive leaders led by Alfred and George.

grupe mladih, naprednih vođa koju vode Alfred i Džordž.

Together we created a training program for boys and girls

Zajedno smo osmislili program obuke za dečake i devojčice

who could not attend my school,

koji nisu mogli da pohađaju moju školu,

sharing vital information about gender equality,

koji je sadržao bitne informacije o ravnopravnosti polova,

health and human rights.

zdravlju i ljudskim pravima.

Today we have reached over 10,000 boys and girls and counting.

Danas smo dostigli broj od preko 10.000 dečaka i devojčica i još brojimo.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

It turns out it truly does take a village to make this kind of a dream come true.

Ispada da je zaista trebalo celo selo da bi se ovaj san obistinio.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

That's what you're seeing today,

Ovo je ono što vidite danas,

where nearly 400 girls have not gone through FGM

skoro 400 devojčica nije pretrpelo FGM

in my village,

u mom selu,

in a region where nearly 80 percent of women have been cut.

u području gde je to sprovedeno na skoro 80 procenata žena.

Believe me, these girls,

Verujte mi, ove devojčice

they are sharing their experiences

dele svoja iskustva

with their sisters, their cousins and their friends.

sa sestrama, rođakama i prijateljicama.

They're so interested.

Veoma su zainteresovane.

Over time, this is becoming the new normal

Vremenom ovo postaje nova normala

and it's being embraced by the same, same community --

i tu normalu prihvata ta ista, ista zejednica -

my community.

moja zajednica.

So what does transforming communities mean to Kenya?

Pa onda, šta za Keniju znači transformacija zajednica?

President Obama visited Kenya in 2015,

Predsednik Obama je posetio Keniju 2015.

and he met with representatives from organizations

i sastao se sa predstavnicima organizacija

trying to help improve communities.

koje pokušavaju da poboljšaju život u zajednicama.

Guess what?

Šta mislite da se desilo?

He met Linet!

Upoznao je Linet!

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Together they talked about a Kenya

Razgovarali su o jednoj Keniji

where all girls have the same opportunities,

u kojoj bi svim devojčicama bile pružene jednake šanse,

where Linet is a leader

gde je Linet lider

and where communities like Enoosaen are thriving

i u kojoj zajednice, kao što je Enusaen, cvetaju

because its members --

zato što se njenim članovima -

all its members -- have opportunities.

svim njenim članovima - pruža šansa.

Helping the communities see that each daughter is a treasure,

Treba pomoći zajednici da vidi da je svaka kćerka blago,

every sister is full of potential,

svaka sestra puna potencijala,

and helping every single girl see that value in herself.

i pomoći baš svakoj devojčici da vidi tu vrednost u sebi.

There is no limit to what that future will cost.

Ne postoji gornja granica koliko će ta budućnost koštati.

Not every girl who comes to my school will be a PhD,

Neće svaka devojčica koja se upiše u moju školu biti doktor nauka,

but every single one of them will achieve her full potential

ali baš svaka od njih će dostići svoj puni potencijal

and will become an advocate for her children

i zalagaće se za svoju decu

and her grandchildren for years to come.

i svoje unuke dugi niz godina.

Today my dreams are informed by what I learned from them

Danas sam vam pričala o svojim snovima kroz ono što sam ja iz njih naučila

and what I've learned from you.

i šta sam naučila od vas.

My journey led me out of Enoosaen and back again.

Moje putovanje me je odvelo iz Enusaena i vratilo me nazad.

And in the process,

A u tom procesu

I was embraced by the world,

svet me je prigrlio,

and you have become my village.

i vi ste postali moje selo.

So I make a new promise to you,

Zato vam sada obećavam,

my elders, my sisters and my friends,

moji stariji, moje sestre i prijatelji,

that I am going to keep dreaming and keep going

da ću nastaviti da sanjam i da idem dalje

until girls like Linet and Faith achieve their dreams

dok god devojčice poput Linet i Vere ne dostignu svoje snove

and I see mine:

i ne vidim moje:

that all communities give every single woman

da sve zajednice ostvaruju baš svakoj ženi

and every single girl

i baš svakoj devojčici

their dreams come true.

njihove snove.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause and cheers)

(Aplauz i ovacije)

Thank you, thank you.

Hvala vam, hvala.

(Applause and cheers)

(Aplauz i ovacije)