Tom Wujec demos the 13th-century astrolabe

173,673 views ・ 2009-11-20

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Henry Yoon κ²€ν† : Saehwan Kim
00:15
As technology progresses,
0
15260
3000
기술이 λ°œλ‹¬λ˜κ³ ,
00:18
and as it advances,
1
18260
2000
진보 ν•  수둝
00:20
many of us assume that these advances
2
20260
2000
μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λŒ€κ°œ 이런 λ°œμ „λ“€μ΄
00:22
make us more intelligent,
3
22260
2000
우리λ₯Ό λ”μš± 지적이고,
00:24
make us smarter and more connected to the world.
4
24260
2000
ν˜„λͺ…ν•˜κ²Œ, 세계와 더 κ°€κΉκ²Œ λ§Œλ“ λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
And what I'd like to argue
5
26260
2000
그리고 μ €λŠ”
00:28
is that that's not necessarily the case,
6
28260
2000
이런 생각이 ν‹€λ Έλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
as progress is simply a word for change,
7
30260
3000
λ°œλ‹¬(progress)은 λ³€ν™”(change)λž€ 말의 λ‹€λ₯Έ 뜻일 뿐이며,
00:33
and with change you gain something,
8
33260
2000
λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό 톡해 μ–»λŠ” 것도 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ,
00:35
but you also lose something.
9
35260
2000
그만큼 μžƒλŠ” 것도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
And to really illustrate this point, what I'd like to do
10
37260
2000
그리고 기술의 λ°œλ‹¬μ„ ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬
00:39
is to show you how technology has dealt with
11
39260
3000
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 맀일 κ²ͺλŠ” μ‰½μ§€λ§Œ 일상적인 λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ„
00:42
a very simple, a very common, an everyday question.
12
42260
5000
μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ·Ήλ³΅ν•˜μ˜€λŠ”μ§€ 보여 λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:47
And that question is this.
13
47260
2000
이 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”.
00:49
What time is it? What time is it?
14
49260
3000
μ§€κΈˆ λͺ‡ μ‹œ μΈκ°€μš”? λͺ‡μ‹ μ§€ μ•„μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:52
If you glance at your iPhone, it's so simple to tell the time.
15
52260
3000
λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ ν•Έλ“œν°μ„ 보면, μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ•„λŠ” 것은 정말 μ‰½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
But, I'd like to ask you, how would you tell the time
16
55260
2000
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, ν•Έλ“œν°μ΄ μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄
00:57
if you didn't have an iPhone?
17
57260
2000
μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ•Œμ•˜μ„κΉŒμš”?
00:59
How would you tell the time, say, 600 years ago?
18
59260
3000
6λ°±λ…„μ „, μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ•Œμ•˜μ„κΉŒμš”?
01:02
How would you do it?
19
62260
2000
당신은 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ•ŒκΉŒμš”?
01:04
Well, the way you would do it is by using a device
20
64260
3000
이 β€˜μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² β€™λΌλŠ”
01:07
that's called an astrolabe.
21
67260
4000
κ΄€μΈ‘μ˜(ε„€)λ₯Ό μ“°λ©΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:11
So, an astrolabe is relatively unknown in today's world.
22
71260
4000
ν˜„λŒ€μ—λŠ” 거의 μžŠν˜€μ§„ κΈ°κ΅¬μ΄μ§€λ§Œ,
01:15
But, at the time, in the 13th century,
23
75260
2000
13μ„ΈκΈ°μ—λŠ”
01:17
it was the gadget of the day.
24
77260
2000
이것이 μ΅œμ²¨λ‹¨μ˜ κΈ°κ³„μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
It was the world's first popular computer.
25
79260
4000
세계 졜초의 λŒ€μ€‘ μ»΄ν“¨ν„°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:23
And it was a device that, in fact, is a model of the sky.
26
83260
4000
그리고 이 κΈ°κ³„λŠ” 천체λ₯Ό 본뜬 λͺ¨ν˜•μ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•˜μ§€μš”.
01:27
So, the different parts of the astrolabe, in this particular type,
27
87260
2000
이런 ν˜•νƒœμ˜ μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² λŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 뢀뢄이 μžˆλŠ”λ°,
01:29
the rete corresponds to the positions of the stars.
28
89260
3000
이 뢀뢄은 리트이고, λ³„λ“€μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό κ°€λ¦¬ν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:32
The plate corresponds to a coordinate system.
29
92260
3000
ν”Œλ ˆμ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ’Œν‘œ 체계,
01:35
And the mater has some scales and puts it all together.
30
95260
4000
그리고 λ©”μ΄ν„°λŠ” λ¦¬νŠΈμ™€ ν”Œλ ˆμ΄νŠΈλ₯Ό μ§€νƒ±ν•˜λ©°, 눈금이 λ‹¬λ €μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
If you were an educated child,
31
99260
2000
λ§Œμ•½μ—, 당신이 13μ„ΈκΈ°μ˜ κ΅μœ‘μ„ λ°›μ•˜λ‹€λ©΄,
01:41
you would know how to not only use the astrolabe,
32
101260
2000
μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² λ₯Ό μ“Έ 수 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ ,
01:43
you would also know how to make an astrolabe.
33
103260
3000
μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ”μ§€λ„ μ•Œμ•˜μ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:46
And we know this because the first treatise on the astrolabe,
34
106260
3000
그리고 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이 사싀을 μ•„λŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ”
01:49
the first technical manual in the English language,
35
109260
2000
μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² μ˜ 첫 μ˜μ–΄ μ„€λͺ…μ„œλ₯Ό μ“΄
01:51
was written by Geoffrey Chaucer.
36
111260
2000
μ œν”„λ¦¬ μ΄ˆμ„œ λ•λΆ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:53
Yes, that Geoffrey Chaucer, in 1391,
37
113260
3000
μ΄ˆμ„œλŠ” 캔터베리 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ μ €μžμΈλ°,
01:56
to his little Lewis, his 11-year-old son.
38
116260
4000
1391년에 그의 11μ‚΄ 먹은 μ•„λ“€ 루이슀λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μ“΄ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
And in this book, little Lewis would know the big idea.
39
120260
5000
그리고 이 μž‘μ€ μ„€λͺ…μ„œλ‘œ, λ£¨μ΄μŠ€λŠ” 이 κΈ°κ³„μ˜ 핡심원리λ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:05
And the central idea that makes this computer work
40
125260
2000
이 초기의 컴퓨터λ₯Ό μž‘λ™μ‹œν‚€λŠ” ν•΅μ‹¬μ›λ¦¬λŠ”
02:07
is this thing called stereographic projection.
41
127260
3000
평사(εΉ³ε°„)도법 (stereo projection)에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:10
And basically, the concept is,
42
130260
2000
ν‰μ‚¬λ„λ²•μ˜ μ›λ¦¬λŠ”
02:12
how do you represent the three-dimensional image
43
132260
3000
3μ°¨μ›μ˜ λ°€ν•˜λŠ˜μ„
02:15
of the night sky that surrounds us
44
135260
2000
νœ΄λŒ€κ°€ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ, 2μ°¨μ›μ˜ λ‚©μž‘ν•œ ν‘œλ©΄μ—
02:17
onto a flat, portable, two-dimensional surface.
45
137260
3000
μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν‘œν˜„ν• κΉŒ ν•˜λŠ” κ³ λ―Όμ—μ„œ μ‹œμž‘λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
The idea is actually relatively simple.
46
140260
2000
μ›λ¦¬λŠ” μ˜μ™Έλ‘œ κ°„λ‹¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:22
Imagine that that Earth is at the center of the universe,
47
142260
3000
지ꡬ가 우주의 쀑심에 μžˆλ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•˜κ³ ,
02:25
and surrounding it is the sky projected onto a sphere.
48
145260
3000
지ꡬλ₯Ό λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Έκ³  μžˆλŠ” 건 ꡬ체(球體)에 투영된 ν•˜λŠ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
Each point on the surface of the sphere
49
148260
3000
ꡬ체 ν‘œλ©΄μ˜ 지점듀은
02:31
is mapped through the bottom pole,
50
151260
2000
λ°”λ‹₯κΉŒμ§€ λͺ¨λ‘
02:33
onto a flat surface, where it is then recorded.
51
153260
2000
λ‚©μž‘ν•œ ν‘œλ©΄μ— 기둝을 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
So the North Star corresponds to the center of the device.
52
155260
4000
λΆκ·Ήμ„±μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λŠ” 기계 쀑심에 ν•΄λ‹Ήν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
The ecliptic, which is the path of the sun, moon, and planets
53
159260
3000
νƒœμ–‘, 달, ν–‰μ„±λ“€μ˜ κΆ€λ„λŠ”
02:42
correspond to an offset circle.
54
162260
2000
이 μ›μœΌλ‘œ ν‘œν˜„μ΄ λ˜κ³ μš”.
02:44
The bright stars correspond to little daggers on the rete.
55
164260
4000
밝은 별듀은 리트의 μž‘μ€ λŒκΈ°λ“€μ— ν•΄λ‹Ήλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:48
And the altitude corresponds to the plate system.
56
168260
3000
κ³ λ„λŠ” ν”Œλ ˆμ΄νŠΈλ‘œ 읽을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:51
Now, the real genius of the astrolabe is not just the projection.
57
171260
3000
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² μ˜ 정말 λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ 점은 νˆ¬μ˜μ„±μ—λ§Œ μžˆλŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
The real genius is that it brings together two coordinate systems
58
174260
4000
이 λ°©λ²•μ˜ λ›°μ–΄λ‚œ 점은 λ‹€λ₯Έ 두 κ°€μ§€μ˜ μ’Œν‘œλ°©μ‹μ„
02:58
so they fit perfectly.
59
178260
2000
μ™„λ²½ν•˜κ²Œ λ§žμΆ”λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
There is the position of the sun, moon and planets on the movable rete.
60
180260
3000
이 μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” λ¦¬νŠΈμ—λŠ” νƒœμ–‘, 달과 ν–‰μ„±λ“€μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜κ°€ 있고,
03:03
And then there is their location on the sky
61
183260
2000
νŠΉμ • μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ 봀을 λ•Œ ν•˜λŠ˜μ—μ„œμ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λŠ”
03:05
as seen from a certain latitude on the back plate. Okay?
62
185260
5000
λ’€νŒμ— μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이해가 κ°€μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
03:10
So how would you use this device?
63
190260
5000
그러면 이 기계λ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ“ΈκΉŒμš”?
03:15
Well, let me first back up for a moment.
64
195260
6000
잠깐 정리λ₯Ό ν•˜μ§€μš”.
03:21
This is an astrolabe. Pretty impressive, isn't it?
65
201260
5000
이것이 μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λŒ€λ‹¨ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:26
And so, this astrolabe is on loan from us
66
206260
3000
이 μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² λŠ” μ˜₯μŠ€νΌλ“œ λŒ€ν•™μ˜
03:29
from the Oxford School of -- Museum of History.
67
209260
3000
μ—­μ‚¬λ°•λ¬Όκ΄€μ—μ„œ 빌렀온 것 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
And you can see the different components.
68
212260
3000
그리고 μ—¬κΈ° λ‹€λ₯Έ 뢀뢄듀을 보싀 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:35
This is the mater, the scales on the back.
69
215260
2000
이것이 λ©”μ΄ν„°κ³ μš”, 뒀에 λˆˆκΈˆλ“€μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
This is the rete. Okay. Do you see that?
70
217260
2000
이것이 λ¦¬νŠΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ³΄μ΄μ‹œμ£ ?
03:39
That's the movable part of the sky.
71
219260
3000
이것이 ν•˜λŠ˜μ˜ μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” λΆ€λΆ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
And in the back you can see
72
222260
2000
뒀에 λ³΄μ‹œλ©΄
03:44
a spider web pattern.
73
224260
2000
거미쀄 ν˜•νƒœκ°€ 보이싀 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
And that spider web pattern corresponds to the local coordinates in the sky.
74
226260
4000
그리고 이 거미쀄 ν˜•νƒœκ°€ μ§€κ΅¬μƒμ˜ κ·Έ 지방 고유의 μ’Œν‘œμ— ν•΄λ‹Ήλ˜λŠ” ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ κ°€λ¦¬ν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
This is a rule device. And on the back
75
230260
2000
이건 자 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 뒀에 λ³΄μ‹œλ©΄
03:52
are some other devices, measuring tools
76
232260
3000
μžλΌλ“ μ§€, λˆˆκΈˆλ“€ λ“±λ“±
03:55
and scales, to be able to make some calculations. Okay?
77
235260
6000
계산을 μœ„ν•œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μž₯μΉ˜λ“€μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•„μ‹œκ² μ§€μš”?
04:01
You know, I've always wanted one of these.
78
241260
2000
μ €λŠ” 이런 것 ν•˜λ‚˜μ―€μ€ κΌ­ 가지고 μ‹Άμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
04:03
For my thesis I actually built one of these out of paper.
79
243260
5000
제 논문을 μœ„ν•΄ μ’…μ΄λ‘œ ν•˜λ‚˜ λ§Œλ“€κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆκ³ μš”.
04:08
And this one, this is a replica
80
248260
2000
그리고 이건 15세기에 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§„
04:10
from a 15th-century device.
81
250260
3000
λ³΅μ œν’ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:13
And it's worth probably about three MacBook Pros.
82
253260
3000
이거 ν•˜λ‚˜λ©΄ μ΅œκ³ κΈ‰ λ…ΈνŠΈλΆ 3κ°œμ •λ„λŠ” μ‚΄ 수 μžˆμ„ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
04:16
But a real one would cost about as much as my house,
83
256260
3000
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 13μ„ΈκΈ°μ˜ μ§„ν’ˆμ€ 제 집,
04:19
and the house next to it, and actually every house on the block,
84
259260
3000
그리고 μ˜† 집 뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ•„λ§ˆ κ·Έ 블둝에 μžˆλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  집,
04:22
on both sides of the street,
85
262260
2000
λ„λ‘œ μ–‘ μ˜†μ˜ 집듀,
04:24
maybe a school thrown in, and some -- you know, a church.
86
264260
2000
학ꡐ ν•˜λ‚˜, 그리고 μ•„λ§ˆ ꡐ회 ν•˜λ‚˜κΉŒμ§€ μ‚΄ 수 μžˆμ„κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:26
They are just incredibly expensive.
87
266260
2000
정말 μ–΄μ΄μ—†κ²Œ λΉ„μŒ‰λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:28
But let me show you how to work this device.
88
268260
2000
이 μž₯치의 μ‚¬μš©λ²•μ„ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬μ§€μš”.
04:30
So let's go to step one.
89
270260
3000
첫 번째둜.
04:33
First thing that you do is you select a star
90
273260
2000
밀에 μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ•Œλ €λ©΄,
04:35
in the night sky, if you're telling time at night.
91
275260
3000
λ°€ν•˜λŠ˜μ˜ 별 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό κ³ λ₯΄μ„Έμš”.
04:38
So, tonight, if it's clear you'll be able to see the summer triangle.
92
278260
3000
였늘 λ°€ ν•˜λŠ˜μ΄ λ§‘μœΌλ©΄ μ—¬λ¦„μ˜ λŒ€μ‚Όκ°ν˜•μ„ 보싀 수 μžˆμ„ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”
04:41
And there is a bright star called Deneb. So let's select Deneb.
93
281260
3000
그리고 κ·Έ 쀑 λ°λ„€λΈŒλž€ 밝은 별이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ°λ„€λΈŒλ₯Ό κ³ λ₯΄κ³ μš”
04:44
Second, is you measure the altitude of Deneb.
94
284260
3000
두 번째둜 λ°λ„€λΈŒμ˜ 고도λ₯Ό μž¬μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:47
So, step two, I hold the device up,
95
287260
3000
이 μž₯치λ₯Ό λ“€κ³ ,
04:50
and then I sight its altitude there
96
290260
3000
λ°λ„€λΈŒμ˜ μœ„μΉ˜μ—
04:53
so I can see it clearly now.
97
293260
2000
μž₯치λ₯Ό 맞μΆ₯λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:55
And then I measure its altitude.
98
295260
3000
κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ— 고도λ₯Ό μž¬μ„Έμš”.
04:58
So, it's about 26 degrees. You can't see it from over there.
99
298260
3000
26도 μ •λ„λ„€μš”. κ±°κΈ°μ„œλŠ” μ•ˆ 보이싀 κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
05:01
Step three is identify the star on the front of the device.
100
301260
5000
μ„Έ 번째둜 μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² μ˜ μ•žλ©΄μ—μ„œ μ—μ„œ λ°λ„€λΈŒλ₯Ό μ°ΎμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:06
Deneb is there. I can tell.
101
306260
2000
μ—¬κΈ° μžˆκ΅°μš”.
05:08
Step four is I then move the rete,
102
308260
3000
λ„€ 번째, 리트λ₯Ό μ›€μ§μ—¬μ„œ,
05:11
move the sky, so the altitude of the star
103
311260
3000
ν•˜λŠ˜μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ›€μ§μ—¬μ„œ λ³„μ˜ 고도가
05:14
corresponds to the scale on the back.
104
314260
3000
λ’€μ˜ ν‘œμ™€ μΌμΉ˜ν•˜κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:17
Okay, so when that happens
105
317260
3000
그러면
05:20
everything lines up.
106
320260
2000
λͺ¨λ“  게 정렬이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:22
I have here a model of the sky
107
322260
2000
이 λͺ¨ν˜•μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜κ°€
05:24
that corresponds to the real sky. Okay?
108
324260
3000
μ‹€μ œμ˜ ν•˜λŠ˜κ³Ό μΌμΉ˜ν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•„μ‹œκ² μ§€μš”?
05:27
So, it is, in a sense,
109
327260
2000
μ œκ°€ 우주의 λͺ¨ν˜•μ„
05:29
holding a model of the universe in my hands.
110
329260
3000
제 손에 λ“€κ³  μžˆλŠ” μ…ˆμ΄μ§€μš”.
05:32
And then finally, I take a rule,
111
332260
3000
λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ, 자λ₯Ό 가지고,
05:35
and move the rule to a date line
112
335260
2000
자λ₯Ό λ‚ μ§œμ„ μ— λ§žμΆ”λ©΄
05:37
which then tells me the time here.
113
337260
3000
μ§€κΈˆ μ‹œκ°„μ„ κ°€λ₯΄μ³ μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:40
Right. So, that's how the device is used.
114
340260
3000
μ°Έ μ‰½μ§€μš”?
05:43
(Laughter)
115
343260
1000
(μ›ƒμŒ)
05:44
So, I know what you're thinking:
116
344260
2000
무슨 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„μš”.
05:46
"That's a lot of work, isn't it? Isn't it a ton of work to be able to tell the time?"
117
346260
4000
λ„ˆλ¬΄ 힘이 λ“€μ§€μš”? μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ•„λŠ”λ° λ§Žμ€ λ…Έλ ₯이 λ“€μ–΄κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:50
as you glance at your iPod to just check out the time.
118
350260
4000
ν•Έλ“œν°μ„ 살짝 보기만 해도 λ˜λŠ”λ°μš”.
05:54
But there is a difference between the two, because with your iPod
119
354260
2000
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ·Έ 방식에 차이가 μžˆμ§€μš”
05:56
you can tell -- or your iPhone, you can tell exactly
120
356260
3000
ν•Έλ“œν°μ€ λͺ‡ μ‹œ λͺ‡ 뢄을
05:59
what the time is, with precision.
121
359260
2000
μ •ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:01
The way little Lewis would tell the time
122
361260
2000
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μ–΄λ¦° λ£¨μ΄μŠ€κ°€ μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ•„λŠ” 법은
06:03
is by a picture of the sky.
123
363260
2000
천체의 μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•΄μ„œμ£ .
06:05
He would know where things would fit in the sky.
124
365260
3000
κ·ΈλŠ” ν•˜λŠ˜μ˜ 어디에 무엇이 μžˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:08
He would not only know what time it was,
125
368260
3000
κ·Έλ‘œμΈν•΄, κ·ΈλŠ” μ‹œκ°„λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
06:11
he would also know where the sun would rise,
126
371260
2000
νƒœμ–‘μ΄ μ–΄λ””μ—μ„œ λœ¨λŠ” 지,
06:13
and how it would move across the sky.
127
373260
3000
μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ”μ§€λ„ μ•Œμ•„μš”.
06:16
He would know what time the sun would rise, and what time it would set.
128
376260
4000
λͺ‡ μ‹œμ— ν•΄κ°€ 뜨고, λͺ‡ μ‹œμ— μ§€λŠ” μ§€λ„μš”.
06:20
And he would know that for essentially every celestial object
129
380260
2000
κ·ΈλŠ” 창곡의 λͺ¨λ“  천체λ₯Ό
06:22
in the heavens.
130
382260
2000
μ•„λŠ” μ…ˆμ΄μ£ .
06:24
So, in computer graphics
131
384260
2000
컴퓨터 κ·Έλž˜ν”½κ³Ό
06:26
and computer user interface design,
132
386260
3000
컴퓨터 μœ μ € μΈν„°νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€ λ””μžμΈμ—λŠ”
06:29
there is a term called affordances.
133
389260
3000
μ–΄ν¬λ˜μŠ€(affordance)λΌλŠ” 단어가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:32
So, affordances are the qualities of an object
134
392260
3000
μ–΄ν¬λ˜μŠ€λŠ” μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ μ–΄λ–€ 행동을 ν•  수 있게
06:35
that allow us to perform an action with it.
135
395260
3000
μ§€μ •λœ μ‚¬λ¬Όμ˜ μ„±μ§ˆμ„ λœ»ν•˜λŠ” λ‹¨μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:38
And what the astrolabe does is it allows us,
136
398260
2000
μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² λŠ” μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ
06:40
it affords us, to connect to the night sky,
137
400260
3000
λ°€ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ λ³΄λ©΄μ„œ, λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 것과
06:43
to look up into the night sky and be much more --
138
403260
3000
보이지 μ•ŠλŠ” 것을
06:46
to see the visible and the invisible together.
139
406260
3000
μ—°κ²°μ‹œμΌœμ£ΌλŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯을 μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:49
So, that's just one use. Incredible,
140
409260
4000
정말 λ†€λΌμš΄ κΈ°λŠ₯ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ΄μ§€μš”.
06:53
there is probably 350, 400 uses.
141
413260
3000
μ•„λ§ˆ ν•œ 350~400가지 κΈ°λŠ₯이 더 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:56
In fact, there is a text, and that has over a thousand uses
142
416260
2000
μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 이 졜초의 μ»΄ν“¨ν„°μ˜ 천 가지 μ΄μƒμ˜
06:58
of this first computer.
143
418260
2000
κΈ°λŠ₯을 κΈ°λ‘ν•œ λ¬Έν—Œμ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:00
On the back there is scales and measurements
144
420260
2000
μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ²  λ’€μ—λŠ” ν•­ν•΄λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ
07:02
for terrestrial navigation.
145
422260
2000
눈금과 μΈ‘λŸ‰μ •λ³΄κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:04
You can survey with it. The city of Baghdad was surveyed with it.
146
424260
3000
이걸둜 μΈ‘λŸ‰λ„ κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ°”κ·Έλ‹€λ“œλŠ” 이걸둜 μΈ‘λŸ‰μ„ ν•œ λ„μ‹œ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:07
It can be used for calculating mathematical equations of all different types.
147
427260
4000
λ˜ν•œ μ—¬λŸ¬ 가지 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μˆ˜ν•™κ³΅μ‹λ„ ν’€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:11
And it would take a full university course to illustrate it.
148
431260
3000
μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² λ‘œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 곡식듀을 μ„€λͺ…ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„  λŒ€ν•™κ΅ κ³Όλͺ©ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ±„μš°κ² μ§€μš”.
07:14
Astrolabes have an incredible history.
149
434260
2000
μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² λŠ” 2μ²œλ…„μ΄ λ„˜μ€ μž₯μΉ˜μ΄κΈ°μ—,
07:16
They are over 2,000 years old.
150
436260
2000
λ†€λΌμš΄ 역사λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:18
The concept of stereographic projection
151
438260
3000
ν‰μ‚¬λ„λ²•μ˜ λ°œμƒμ€
07:21
originated in 330 B.C.
152
441260
2000
기원전 3세기에 μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
07:23
And the astrolabes come in many different
153
443260
2000
μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ 가지 크기,
07:25
sizes and shapes and forms.
154
445260
2000
λͺ¨μ–‘κ³Ό ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό μ§€λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:27
There is portable ones. There is large display ones.
155
447260
3000
νœ΄λŒ€μš©λ„ 있고, μ „μ‹œμš©μ˜ 큰 것도 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
07:30
And I think what is common to all astrolabes
156
450260
2000
그리고 제 생각에
07:32
is that they are beautiful works of art.
157
452260
2000
λͺ¨λ“  μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² λŠ” μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ μ˜ˆμˆ ν’ˆμ΄μ—μš”.
07:34
There is a quality of craftsmanship and precision
158
454260
3000
정말 λ†€λžκ³  λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ 정밀함과
07:37
that is just astonishing and remarkable.
159
457260
3000
μž₯인의 기술이 λ…Ήμ•„ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
07:40
Astrolabes, like every technology, do evolve over time.
160
460260
3000
μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  기술과 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μ§€λ‚˜λ©΄μ„œ μ§„ν™”ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:43
So, the earliest retes, for example, were very simple and primitive.
161
463260
4000
초기의 λ¦¬νŠΈλŠ” ꡉμž₯히 κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜κ³  μ›μ‹œμ μ΄μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ,
07:47
And advancing retes became cultural emblems.
162
467260
2000
λ°œλ‹¬ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ 문화적 상징이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:49
This is one from Oxford.
163
469260
3000
이것은 μ˜₯μŠ€νΌλ“œμ—μ„œ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:52
And I find this one really extraordinary because the rete pattern
164
472260
2000
이것은 μ°Έ λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ 게 μ™„λ²½ν•˜κ²Œ μ’Œμš°λŒ€μΉ­μΈ
07:54
is completely symmetrical,
165
474260
2000
리트의 νŒ¨ν„΄μ΄ , λΉ„κ·œμΉ™μ μ΄κ³ 
07:56
and it accurately maps a completely asymmetrical, or random sky.
166
476260
4000
λ¬΄μž‘μœ„μ μΈ ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ μ •ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ ν‘œμ‹œν•˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
08:00
How cool is that? This is just amazing.
167
480260
2000
μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ©‹μ§„κ°€μš”? λ†€λΌμšΈ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:02
So, would little Lewis have an astrolabe?
168
482260
3000
그럼, μ–΄λ¦° λ£¨μ΄μŠ€λŠ” μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ—ˆμ„ κΉŒμš”?
08:05
Probably not one made of brass. He would have one made out of wood,
169
485260
3000
μ²­λ™μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“  건 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆκ² μ§€μš”. λ‚˜λ¬΄λ‚˜ μ’…μ΄λ‘œ λ§Œλ“  것을 κ°€μ‘Œκ² μ§€μš”.
08:08
or paper. And the vast majority of this first computer
170
488260
3000
그리고 이 졜초의 μ»΄ν“¨ν„°λŠ”
08:11
was a portable device
171
491260
2000
λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ νœ΄λŒ€κ°€ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ
08:13
that you could keep in the back of your pocket.
172
493260
3000
ν¬κΈ°μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:16
So, what does the astrolabe inspire?
173
496260
3000
μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² λŠ” μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ μ–΄λ–€ μ˜κ°μ„ 쀄 κΉŒμš”?
08:19
Well, I think the first thing is that
174
499260
2000
κ·Έ μ˜›λ‚  μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ˜
08:21
it reminds us just how resourceful people were,
175
501260
4000
쑰상듀이 참으둜
08:25
our forebears were, years and years ago.
176
505260
2000
λΉ„μƒν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μΌκΉ¨μ›Œ μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:27
It's just an incredible device.
177
507260
3000
μ°Έ λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ μž₯μΉ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:30
Every technology advances.
178
510260
2000
λͺ¨λ“  κΈ°μˆ μ€ μ§„λ³΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:32
Every technology is transformed and moved by others.
179
512260
3000
λͺ¨λ“  κΈ°μˆ μ€ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 힘으둜 λ°”λ€Œκ³  μ›€μ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:35
And what we gain with a new technology, of course,
180
515260
2000
그리고 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 기술둜 μ–»λŠ” 것은
08:37
is precision and accuracy.
181
517260
2000
정밀함과 μ •ν™•ν•¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:39
But what we lose, I think, is
182
519260
2000
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 천체 자체의 κ°œλ…μ΄λž€,
08:41
an accurate -- a felt sense
183
521260
3000
더 큰 것을 μžƒλŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹κΉŒμš”?
08:44
of the sky, a sense of context.
184
524260
3000
ν˜„μž¬μ˜ μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ•„λŠ” 것,
08:47
Knowing the sky, knowing your relationship with the sky,
185
527260
4000
κ·Έ 보닀 μ²œμ²΄μ™€ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ 관계λ₯Ό
08:51
is the center of the real answer
186
531260
4000
μ•„λŠ” 것이 더 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:55
to knowing what time it is.
187
535260
2000
더 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:57
So, it's -- I think astrolabes are just remarkable devices.
188
537260
4000
μ „ μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² κ°€ μ°Έ λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ 기계라고 μƒκ°ν•΄μš”
09:01
And so, what can you learn from these devices?
189
541260
3000
그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 κΈ°κ³„λ“€ν•œν…Œμ„œ 무엇을 배울 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
09:04
Well, primarily that there is a subtle knowledge
190
544260
3000
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μš°μ£Όμ™€ μ—°κ²°λ˜μžˆλ‹€λŠ”
09:07
that we can connect with the world.
191
547260
2000
엷은 고리라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:09
And astrolabes return us to this subtle sense
192
549260
3000
μ•„μŠ€νŠΈλ‘€λΌλ² λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€
09:12
of how things all fit together,
193
552260
3000
μš°μ£Όμ™€ 연결됐닀고
09:15
and also how we connect to the world.
194
555260
2000
μΌκΉ¨μ›Œμ£ΌλŠ” 맀채인 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:17
Thanks very much.
195
557260
2000
κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:19
(Applause)
196
559260
2000
(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7