Why 1.5 billion people eat with chopsticks | Small Thing Big Idea, a TED series

1,726,216 views ・ 2020-01-21

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Transcriber: TED Translators admin
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λ²ˆμ—­: Irene Nayoung Ye κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
It is such a sort of instrumental part
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이것은 μš”λ¦¬ 도ꡬ에 κ΄€ν•œ μš©μ–΄μ—μ„œ
00:14
of our cooking vocabulary, in terms of the utensils.
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μ•„μ£Ό μ€‘μš”ν•œ 뢀뢄을 μ°¨μ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:17
And it was like, that's interesting,
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젓가락 없이 μ‚΄μ•„κ°€λŠ”
00:19
there are people who live without chopsticks.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것은 정말 μ‹ κΈ°ν•œ μΌμ΄μ—μš”.
00:21
[Small Thing.]
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[μž‘μ€ 물건]
00:22
[Big Idea.]
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[큰 아이디어]
00:26
Chopsticks are a pair of two long sticks
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젓가락은 ν•œ 쌍의 κΈ΄ λ§‰λŒ€κΈ°λ‘œ
00:29
used to eat things with one hand.
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ν•œ μ†μœΌλ‘œ μŒμ‹μ„ 먹을 λ•Œ μ“°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:32
Holding chopsticks is a little bit like holding a pencil,
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젓가락을 μž‘λŠ” 것은 연필을 μž‘μ„ λ•Œμ™€ λΉ„μŠ·ν•΄μš”.
00:34
except that you have two of them
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λŒ€μ‹  두 κ°œλΌλŠ” 것이 λ‹€λ₯΄μ£ .
00:36
and you move them together in a pincer movement.
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그리고 젓가락을 μ§‘κ²Œλ‘œ 집듯이 μ›€μ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
Most of them are made out of wood. They're also made out of plastic, bamboo,
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€ λ‚˜λ¬΄λ‘œ λ§Œλ“€κ³ , ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹±, λŒ€λ‚˜λ¬΄,
00:42
jade, gold, silver and even ivory,
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μ˜₯, 금, 은 심지어 코끼리 μƒμ•„λ‘œλ„ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
though I think that's not so cool anymore.
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μƒμ•„λ‘œ λ§Œλ“  젓가락은 μ΄μ œλŠ” 멋진 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ£ .
00:46
Chopsticks are really well designed for eating small bits of food.
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젓가락은 μž‘μ€ μŒμ‹μ„ 집어 λ¨ΉκΈ° μ‰½κ²Œ λ””μžμΈλ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
They're good for picking up noodles.
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κ΅­μˆ˜λ„ 잘 집을 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
00:51
If you're skilled, you can eat rice,
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젓가락 μ‚¬μš©μ— μ΅μˆ™ν•˜λ©΄ λ°₯도 먹을 수 있고
00:53
pick up dumplings, pieces of meat.
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λ§Œλ‘μ™€ μž‘μ€ 고기도 집을 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
00:55
There are some no-nos with chopsticks.
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젓가락을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  λ•Œ 주의 ν•  점이 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
00:57
You should not use the chopsticks like drumsticks,
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λ“œλŸΌ μŠ€ν‹±μ²˜λŸΌ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄ μ•ˆ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:00
which I know is tempting.
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정말 ν•΄ 보고 μ‹ΆκΈ°λŠ” ν•˜μ£ .
01:01
You don't want to stick chopsticks into a bowl of rice face-up.
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그릇에 λ‹΄κΈ΄ λ°₯에 젓가락을 μœ„μͺ½μ„ ν–₯ν•΄ κ½‚μœΌλ©΄ μ•ˆλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
And the reason for that is it actually looks like a bowl of incense,
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μ œμ‚¬μ— μ“°μ΄λŠ” ν–₯을 ν”Όμš°λŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ³΄μ—¬μ„œ
01:08
so it sort of echoes death.
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죽은 μ˜ν˜Όμ„ λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ” 것 κ°™μ£ .
01:09
Chopsticks are used in a huge portion of the world,
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젓가락은 μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ 많이 쓰이고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
across much of Asia, about 1.5 billion people
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ μ•„μ‹œμ•„μ΄κ³ , 이 μ§€κ΅¬μƒμ˜ μ•½ 15μ–΅ λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
01:14
are covered in the chopsticks sphere.
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젓가락 μ‚¬μš©μžλ“€μ΄μ£ .
01:16
Different cultures have slightly different variations of chopsticks.
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각 문화에 따라 살짝 λ‹€λ₯Έ λͺ¨μ–‘μ˜ 젓가락 ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:20
Chinese chopsticks will tend to be long and round,
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μ€‘κ΅­μ˜ 젓가락은 κΈΈκ³  λ‘₯κ·Ό νŽΈμ΄κ³ μš”.
01:22
Korean chopsticks are flatter and often made of metal
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ν•œκ΅­μ˜ 젓가락은 더 λ‚©μž‘ν•˜κ³  주둜 κΈˆμ†μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:25
and Japanese chopsticks tend to be round
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그리고 일본의 젓가락은 λ‘₯κ·Ό ν˜•νƒœμ΄κ³ 
01:28
and very, very pointy.
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μ•„μ£Ό λΎ°μ‘±ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
While chopsticks are actually really commonplace
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μš”μ¦˜μ€ λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ 젓가락을
01:31
in American society today,
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μ•„μ£Ό ν”νžˆ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
01:33
there was definitely a time in the late 1800s
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1800λ…„λŒ€ ν›„κΈ°μ—λŠ”
01:36
where this idea that Asian men,
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λ°₯을 λ§‰λŒ€κΈ°λ‘œ λ¨ΉλŠ”
01:38
because they ate rice with sticks,
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μ•„μ‹œμ•„μΈλ“€μ„ ν–₯ν•œ μ˜μ‹μ΄,
01:40
were of a different quality than American men,
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μΉΌκ³Ό 포크둜 μ œλŒ€λ‘œ 된 κ³ κΈ°λ₯Ό λ¨ΉλŠ”
01:43
who ate proper meat with a knife and fork.
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λ―Έκ΅­μΈλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” μƒμ†Œν•œ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
But when China and the United States
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 쀑ꡭ과 미ꡭ이
01:47
began their diplomatic engagement in the 1970s,
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1970λ…„λŒ€λΆ€ν„° 외ꡐ관계가 μ‹œμž‘λœ 이후
01:51
Richard Nixon, Henry Kissinger,
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λ¦¬μ°¨λ“œ λ‹‰μŠ¨κ³Ό 헨리 ν‚€μ‹ μ €λŠ”
01:52
had to practice eating with chopsticks.
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μ “κ°€λ½μœΌλ‘œ μŒμ‹μ„ λ¨ΉλŠ” μ—°μŠ΅μ„ ν•΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:55
What's been really interesting to see
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μž¬λ―ΈμžˆλŠ” 것은,
01:57
is that as Asian cuisine has moved from the East into the West,
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μ•„μ‹œμ•„ μŒμ‹μ΄ μ„œμ–‘μœΌλ‘œ λ“€μ–΄μ˜€λ©΄μ„œ
02:03
chopsticks have become part of the experience.
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젓가락을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„μ‹œμ•„λ₯Ό κ²½ν—˜ν•˜λŠ” 일뢀가 된 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:05
There's evidence of chopsticks as long ago as the Shang dynasty,
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μ•½ 3,000λ…„ μ „, κ³ λŒ€ μ€‘κ΅­μ˜ 상 μ™•μ‘°μ—μ„œ
02:09
which is about 3000 years ago,
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젓가락을 μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 증거가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:10
and they loved tripods during the Shang dynasty.
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λ‹Ήμ‹œ 냄비 같은 것을 올릴 수 μžˆλŠ” μ‚Όλ°œμ΄λ₯Ό 즐겨 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
So when you cook with these big tripods,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 큰 μ‚Όλ°œμ΄ μœ„μ—μ„œ μš”λ¦¬ν•  λ•Œ
02:15
chopsticks were actually really useful,
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젓가락이 μœ μš©ν•˜κ²Œ μ“°μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:17
because it was a way for you to stir and to reach
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 큰 λƒ„λΉ„μ˜ λ°”λ‹₯κΉŒμ§€ μ €μ–΄μ•Ό ν•  λ•Œ
02:20
without getting burned as the water was boiling
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물이 λ“λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ, 손을 λ°λŠ” 일 없이
02:23
in these really big pots.
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μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:25
Chinese culture has knives and has forks.
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쀑ꡭ μŒμ‹λ¬Έν™”μ—λ„ μΉΌκ³Ό 포크가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
It uses them in many cases for cooking.
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μš”λ¦¬ν•  λ•Œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•˜κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ£ .
02:30
But in terms of like what moved into the dining room,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 식탁 μœ„μ— μ˜¬λΌκ°€λŠ” 것은
02:34
it was the chopsticks.
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μ “κ°€λ½μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
One of the things about Asian cooking
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μ•„μ‹œμ•„ μš”λ¦¬μ—λŠ”
02:37
is that it often comes in very small pieces.
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μž‘μ€ 쑰각으둜 된 μŒμ‹μ„ 자주 λ³΄λŠ” λ°μš”.
02:39
And I think part of that has to do with the fact
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ”
02:41
that it's actually a lot more energy-efficient
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μž‘μ€ 쑰각은 빨리 μš”λ¦¬ν•  수 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ
02:44
to cook little pieces quickly.
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 효율이 훨씬 높아지기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
But also, then you don't have to cut them.
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λ¬Όλ‘  자λ₯Ό ν•„μš”λ„ μ—†μ£ .
02:48
So you have a circular influence,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ„œλ‘œ 영ν–₯을 미치게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
where the type of food that is cooked allows people to use chopsticks,
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μž‘μ€ 쑰각의 μŒμ‹μ„ λ¨ΉκΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 젓가락을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³ ,
02:53
and then the fact that you have chopsticks influences the food that you can cook.
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μž‘μ€ 쑰각의 μŒμ‹μ„ μš”λ¦¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 젓가락을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜λŠ” 것이죠.
02:57
But at the same time, chopsticks reflect the communal nature of eating food.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λŠ” λ™μ‹œμ—, ν•œ κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ˜ 식사 ν˜•νƒœλ„ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
You'll have these dishes that you put in the middle,
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식탁 κ°€μš΄λ°μ— μŒμ‹μ„ 놓을 수 μžˆλŠ” μ ‘μ‹œκ°€ μžˆλŠ”λ°μš”.
03:03
it's very family style.
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μ•„μ£Ό 가쑱적인 ν˜•νƒœμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:04
You go in with your chopsticks,
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젓가락을 λ“€κ³  κ°€μ„œ,
03:06
and you put it on your rice, and then you eat individually.
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각자의 λ°₯에 놓고 먹을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
There's actually a famous sort of legend
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유λͺ…ν•œ 전섀이 μžˆλŠ”λ°μš”.
03:11
where everyone has these really, really long chopsticks,
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λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ•„μ£Ό κΈ΄ 젓가락을 λ“€κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ°
03:14
like way too long for them to feed themselves.
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λ°₯을 먹기에 λ„ˆλ¬΄ κΈΈμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
And so in hell, everyone starves,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 지μ˜₯μ—μ„œλŠ” λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ ꡢ게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:18
because they can't pick up food and put it in their mouths.
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μŒμ‹μ„ μ§‘μ–΄μ„œ μž…μœΌλ‘œ 넣을 수 μ—†μ—ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
03:21
But in heaven, people take the same chopsticks
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ²œκ΅­μ—μ„œλ„ 같은 κΈ΄ 젓가락을 λ“€κ³  μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
03:23
and then feed each other.
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μ„œλ‘œκ°€ λ¨Ήμ—¬μ£Όμ—ˆλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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