Ken Jennings: Watson, Jeopardy and me, the obsolete know-it-all

252,451 views ใƒป 2013-04-05

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Surie Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Gemma Lee
00:12
In two weeks time, that's the ninth anniversary
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2์ฃผ ํ›„๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ
00:15
of the day I first stepped out onto that hallowed "Jeopardy" set.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฃฉํ•œ ์ œํผ๋””(Jeopardy) ํ€ด์ฆˆ์‡ผ ๋ฌด๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐŸ์€์ง€ 9์ฃผ๋…„์ด ๋˜๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
00:19
I mean, nine years is a long time.
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์ œ ๋ง์€, 9 ๋…„์€ ๊ธด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
00:21
And given "Jeopardy's" average demographics,
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์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž ์—ฐ๋ น์ธต์„
00:23
I think what that means
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๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ฆ‰
00:24
is most of the people who saw me on that show are now dead.
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๊ทธ ์‡ผ์—์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
00:27
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:29
But not all, a few are still alive.
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๋‹ค๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”, ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์€ ์•„์ง ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:31
Occasionally I still get recognized at the mall or whatever.
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๊ฐ€๋” ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
And when I do, it's as a bit of a know-it-all.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๋•Œ๋ฉด ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
00:36
I think that ship has sailed, it's too late for me.
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๋ฐฐ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์ถœํ•ญํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋Šฆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:38
For better or for worse, that's what I'm going to be known as,
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์ข‹๋“  ์‹ซ๋“  ์ €๋Š” ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŽ์ด
00:41
as the guy who knew a lot of weird stuff.
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์งˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
And I can't complain about this.
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์ด๊ฑธ ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€์š”.
00:46
I feel like that was always sort of my destiny,
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์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ ์šด๋ช…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Š˜ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:49
although I had for many years been pretty deeply in the trivia closet.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ์žก๋‹คํ•œ ์ง€์‹์˜ ์ฐฝ๊ณ ์— ๊นŠ์ˆ™ํžˆ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
00:52
If nothing else, you realize very quickly as a teenager,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด, ์‹ญ๋Œ€ ๋•Œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์„๊ฑฐ์—์š”. *์ปคํฌ ์„ ์žฅ(Captain Kirk)*์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
00:55
it is not a hit with girls to know Captain Kirk's middle name.
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์—ฌ์ž์• ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”. (* ์ปคํฌ ์„ ์žฅ: ์Šคํƒ€ํŠธ๋ž™์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณต)
00:58
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:59
And as a result, I was sort of the deeply closeted kind of know-it-all for many years.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ €๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์„ธ์›” ์•„๋Š” ์ฒ™ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜๋กœ ๊นŠ์ด ๋น ์ ธ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
01:03
But if you go further back, if you look at it, it's all there.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋” ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:07
I was the kind of kid who was always bugging Mom and Dad
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์ฝ์€ ์ฑ…์—์„œ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ธ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
01:10
with whatever great fact I had just read about --
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์„ ๋Š˜ ๊ดด๋กญํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์ด์˜€์ฃ .
01:13
Haley's comet or giant squids
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ํ—ฌ๋ฆฌ ํ˜œ์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ์˜ค์ง•์–ด,
01:14
or the size of the world's biggest pumpkin pie or whatever it was.
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ํ˜น์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ํ˜ธ๋ฐ• ํŒŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ญ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์žˆ์ž–์•„์š”.
01:18
I now have a 10-year-old of my own who's exactly the same.
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์ด์ œ 10 ์‚ด ๋‚œ ์ œ ์•„๋“ค์ด ์ €ํ•œํ…Œ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ํ•˜์ง€์š”.
01:21
And I know how deeply annoying it is, so karma does work.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ท€์ฐฎ์€์ง€ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ œ ์—…๋ณด์ง€์š”.
01:26
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:27
And I loved game shows, fascinated with game shows.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ํ€ด์ฆˆ์‡ผ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”. ๋งค๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:30
I remember crying on my first day of kindergarten back in 1979
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1979๋…„์— ์œ ์น˜์›์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ ์šธ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์š”.
01:33
because it had just hit me, as badly as I wanted to go to school,
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ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋งˆ์Œ๋„ ํฌ์ง€๋งŒ,
01:36
that I was also going to miss "Hollywood Squares" and "Family Feud."
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"ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ ์Šคํ€˜์–ด์ฆˆ"์™€ "ํŒจ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ ํ“จ๋“œ"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ TV ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋ชป๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ŠฌํŽ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
01:39
I was going to miss my game shows.
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ์‡ผ๋“ค์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:43
And later, in the mid-'80s,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  80 ๋…„๋Œ€ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜์—
01:45
when "Jeopardy" came back on the air,
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"์ œํผ๋””" ์‡ผ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฐฉ์˜๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
I remember running home from school every day to watch the show.
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๋งค์ผ ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‡ผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด์™”๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์š”.
01:51
It was my favorite show, even before it paid for my house.
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๊ทธ ์‡ผ์—์„œ ์šฐ์Šนํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‡ผ์˜€์–ด์š”
01:56
And we lived overseas, we lived in South Korea where my dad was working,
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์ €ํฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์€ ์™ธ๊ตญ์— ์‚ด์•„์„œ, ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜์…จ๋˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์‚ด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:59
where there was only one English language TV channel.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์†ก๋˜๋Š” TV ์ฑ„๋„์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
02:01
There was Armed Forces TV,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตฐ ๋ฐฉ์†ก(AFN)์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:02
and if you didn't speak Korean, that's what you were watching.
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ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ๋ฐ–์— ๋ณผ ๊ฒŒ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:05
So me and all my friends would run home every day and watch "Jeopardy."
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์ €์™€ ์ œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ๋งค์ผ ์ง‘์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ๋ฅผ ๋ดค์–ด์š”.
02:08
I was always that kind of obsessed trivia kid.
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์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์žกํ•™์— ๋น ์ง„ ์•„์ด์˜€์ฃ .
02:11
I remember being able to play Trivial Pursuit against my parents back in the '80s
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80๋…„๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์—๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๊ณผ "ํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋น„์–ผ ํผ์ŠˆํŠธ ๊ฒŒ์ž„" (์žกํ•™ ์ง€์‹์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ณด๋“œ๊ฒŒ์ž„)์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:16
and holding my own, back when that was a fad.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด ํ•œ์ฐฝ ์œ ํ–‰์ด์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ œ ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์š”.
02:19
There's a weird sense of mastery you get
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์—„๋งˆ ์•„๋น ๋ฅผ ์ด๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žก๋‹คํ•œ ์ง€์‹์„
02:21
when you know some bit of boomer trivia that Mom and Dad don't know.
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ์›”ํ•จ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:24
You know some Beatles factoid that Dad didn't know.
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์•„๋น ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋น„ํ‹€์ฆˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฃจ๋จธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
02:28
And you think, ah hah, knowledge really is power --
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์•„ํ•˜, ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํž˜์ด๊ตฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
02:31
the right fact deployed at exactly the right place.
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๋”ฑ ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๊ณณ์— ์•Œ๋งž์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์จ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:38
I never had a guidance counselor
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ง„๋กœ์ด๊ณ ,
02:40
who thought this was a legitimate career path,
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์žกํ•™์„ ์ „๊ณตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:42
that thought you could major in trivia
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๋˜๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ ํ€ด์ฆˆ์‡ผ ์ถœ์—ฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
02:45
or be a professional ex-game show contestant.
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๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ค€ ์ง€๋„ ์ƒ๋‹ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:48
And so I sold out way too young.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋‚˜์ด์— ์†Œ๋ชจํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์ง€์š”.
02:50
I didn't try to figure out what one does with that.
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋ญ˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
02:52
I studied computers because I heard that was the thing,
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ณตํ•™์ด ์ข‹์€๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ „๊ณตํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:54
and I became a computer programmer --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋จธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
02:56
not an especially good one,
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์ข‹์€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋จธ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ,
02:58
not an especially happy one at the time when I was first on "Jeopardy" in 2004.
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2004๋…„ ์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ถœ์—ฐํ–ˆ์„ ๋‹น์‹œ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋จธ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
03:03
But that's what I was doing.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋˜ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:04
And it made it doubly ironic -- my computer background --
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์ œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์ „๊ณต์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋‘๋ฐฐ๋กœ ์ด์ด๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
03:07
a few years later, I think 2009 or so,
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ํ›„์—, ์•„๋งˆ 2009๋…„ ์ฏค์ด์—ˆ์„๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
03:11
when I got another phone call from "Jeopardy" saying,
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์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:14
"It's early days yet, but IBM tells us
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"์ข€ ์ด๋ฅธ ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, IBM์—์„œ
03:16
they want to build a supercomputer to beat you at 'Jeopardy.'
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์Šˆํผ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ ์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ด๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
03:21
Are you up for this?"
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์ถœ์ „ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?"
03:23
This was the first I'd heard of it.
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๊ทธ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
03:24
And of course I said yes, for several reasons.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:27
One, because playing "Jeopardy" is a great time.
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์ฒซ์งธ, ์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ์— ์ถœ์—ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ผ์ด์—์š”.
03:29
It's fun. It's the most fun you can have with your pants on.
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์žฌ๋ฐŒ์–ด์š”. ๋ฐ”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ž…์€ ์ฑ„๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—์š”.
03:33
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:35
And I would do it for nothing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ถœ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด๋„ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
I don't think they know that, luckily,
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์ง€๋งŒ
03:38
but I would go back and play for Arby's coupons.
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์•„๋น„์Šค(Arby's) ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘ ํ• ์ธ๊ถŒ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ถœ์—ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:41
I just love "Jeopardy," and I always have.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„์š”. ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์š”.
03:43
And second of all, because I'm a nerdy guy and this seemed like the future.
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๋‘˜์งธ๋กœ, ์ €๋Š” ๊ดด์งœ์—๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ผ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๊ปด์กŒ์–ด์š”.
03:48
People playing computers on game shows
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ€ด์ฆˆ์‡ผ์—์„œ ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
03:50
was the kind of thing I always imagined would happen in the future,
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Š˜ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
03:53
and now I could be on the stage with it.
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ฌด๋Œ€์— ์„ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
I was not going to say no.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
03:55
The third reason I said yes
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์ฐธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ•œ ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
03:56
is because I was pretty confident that I was going to win.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ธธ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ํ™•์‹ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์˜€์ง€์š”.
03:59
I had taken some artificial intelligence classes.
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ค์€ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:01
I knew there were no computers that could do what you need to do to win on "Jeopardy."
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์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ์—์„œ ์šฐ์Šนํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:05
People don't realize how tough it is to write that kind of program
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์งœ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํž˜๋“ ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
that can read a "Jeopardy" clue in a natural language like English
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์˜์–ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž์—ฐ์–ด์—์„œ ๋‹จ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๊ณ 
04:12
and understand all the double meanings, the puns, the red herrings,
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์ด์ค‘ ์˜๋ฏธ, ๋ง์žฅ๋‚œ, ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์„œ
04:16
unpack the meaning of the clue.
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๋‹จ์„œ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์งœ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํž˜๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
The kind of thing that a three- or four-year-old human, little kid could do,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด 3, 4 ์‚ด๋‚œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„์ด์ •๋„๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
04:23
very hard for a computer.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
04:25
And I thought, well this is going to be child's play.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์• ๋“ค ์žฅ๋‚œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์ด ๋  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:28
Yes, I will come destroy the computer and defend my species.
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๋„ค, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์ฐŒ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ธ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
04:33
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:35
But as the years went on,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช‡ ๋…„์ด ํ๋ฅด๊ณ ,
04:37
as IBM started throwing money and manpower and processor speed at this,
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IBM์€ ๋ˆ๊ณผ ์ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์Ÿ์•„๋ถ‡๊ณ  ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:40
I started to get occasional updates from them,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋”์”ฉ ์ƒˆ์†Œ์‹์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์คฌ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:43
and I started to get a little more worried.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๊ฑฑ์ •์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
I remember a journal article about this new question answering software that had a graph.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ต์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:50
It was a scatter chart showing performance on "Jeopardy,"
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์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ถ„์‚ฐํ˜• ์ฐจํŠธ์˜€์–ด์š”.
04:54
tens of thousands of dots representing "Jeopardy" champions up at the top
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๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์— ์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ ์šฐ์Šน์ž๋“ค์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ ๋“ค์ด ์ฐํ˜€์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
04:58
with their performance plotted on number of --
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์ ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ -- ์‘๋‹ต๋œ ๋‹จ์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€๋œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜
05:00
I was going to say questions answered, but answers questioned, I guess,
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์ˆ˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
05:04
clues responded to --
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์งˆ๋ฌธ๋œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์˜ ์ˆซ์ž์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ฐ™์•„์š” --
05:06
versus the accuracy of those answers.
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๋Œ€๋น„ ์‘๋‹ต์˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
So there's a certain performance level that the computer would need to get to.
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์ฆ‰ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋„๋‹ฌํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
05:12
And at first, it was very low.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ๋‚ฎ์•˜์ง€์š”.
05:14
There was no software that could compete at this kind of arena.
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์ด ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:17
But then you see the line start to go up.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ดํ›„ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
And it's getting very close to what they call the winner's cloud.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ์Šน์ž ์ง‘๋‹จ์— ์ ์  ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:22
And I noticed in the upper right of the scatter chart
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๋ถ„์‚ฐํ˜• ์ฐจํŠธ์˜ ์šฐ์ธก ์ƒ๋‹จ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
05:24
some darker dots, some black dots, that were a different color.
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์ง„ํ•œ ์ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ์š”. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ƒ‰๊น”์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ฃ .
05:30
And thought, what are these?
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ญ์ง€? ๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:31
"The black dots in the upper right represent 74-time 'Jeopardy' champion Ken Jennings."
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"์šฐ์ธก ์ƒ๋‹จ์˜ ๊ฒ€์€ ์ ๋“ค์€ ์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ์—์„œ 74ํšŒ ์šฐ์Šนํ•œ ์ผ„ ์ œ๋‹์Šค์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค."
05:35
And I saw this line coming for me.
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(์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์˜) ์„  ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ดค์ง€์š”.
05:37
And I realized, this is it.
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์–ด์š”. ์ด๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
05:38
This is what it looks like when the future comes for you.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ฌ ๋•Œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์งˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:42
It's not the Terminator's gun sight;
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ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ค์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฒฉ ์กฐ์ค€ ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
05:45
it's a little line coming closer and closer to the thing you can do,
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์ ์  ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์„ ์ด์ฃ . ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
05:49
the only thing that makes you special, the thing you're best at.
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:52
And when the game eventually happened about a year later,
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ผ ๋…„ ํ›„์— ์—ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
it was very different than the "Jeopardy" games I'd been used to.
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์ œ๊ฒŒ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ์™€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ฌ๋ž์–ด์š”.
06:00
We were not playing in L.A. on the regular "Jeopardy" set.
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ํ‰์†Œ์˜ LA์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ ์„ธํŠธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
06:02
Watson does not travel.
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์™“์Šจ์€ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”.
06:04
Watson's actually huge.
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์™“์Šจ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜์ฃ .
06:05
It's thousands of processors, a terabyte of memory,
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ์™€ ํ…Œ๋ผ๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ์˜ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ,
06:10
trillions of bytes of memory.
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์ฆ‰ ์ˆ˜์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ์˜ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์ง€์š”.
06:11
We got to walk through his climate-controlled server room.
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ํ•ญ์˜จ ํ•ญ์Šต ์กฐ์ ˆ ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์„œ๋ฒ„์‹ค๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”์–ด์š”.
06:14
The only other "Jeopardy" contestant to this day I've ever been inside.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋Š” ์ € ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์–ด์š”.
06:17
And so Watson does not travel.
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์•„๋ฌดํŠผ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์™“์Šจ์€ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ฃ .
06:21
You must come to it; you must make the pilgrimage.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์–ด์š”. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ฐธ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
So me and the other human player
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์ €์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ '์ธ๊ฐ„' ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์ด
06:27
wound up at this secret IBM research lab
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์›จ์ŠคํŠธ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ ์นด์šดํ‹ฐ์˜ ๋ˆˆ๋ฎ์ธ ์ˆฒ ์†์— ์žˆ๋Š”
06:30
in the middle of these snowy woods in Westchester County
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์ด ๋น„๋ฐ€ IBM ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์— ์ž”๋œฉ ๊ธด์žฅํ•œ ์ฑ„ ๋ชจ์˜€์ง€์š”.
06:33
to play the computer.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์™€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
06:34
And we realized right away
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ™ˆ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ด์ ์„
06:36
that the computer had a big home court advantage.
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๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
There was a big Watson logo in the middle of the stage.
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๋ฌด๋Œ€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์—๋Š” ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์™“์Šจ ๋กœ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
06:41
Like you're going to play the Chicago Bulls,
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์‹œ์นด๊ณ  ๋ถˆ์Šค์™€ ๋†๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ
06:44
and there's the thing in the middle of their court.
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ํ™ˆ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ ์ฝ”ํŠธ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
06:46
And the crowd was full of IBM V.P.s and programmers
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ด€์ค‘์„์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‘์›ํ•˜๋Š”
06:50
cheering on their little darling,
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IBM์˜ ์ž„์›์ง„๋“ค๊ณผ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋จธ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐผ์ง€์š”.
06:52
having poured millions of dollars into this
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ถˆ์„ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ์Ÿ์•„ ๋ถ“๊ณ ,
06:54
hoping against hope that the humans screw up,
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์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ์ด๊ฒจ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
06:57
and holding up "Go Watson" signs
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"์™“์Šจ ํ™”์ดํŒ…!"๊ฐ™์€ ์‘์› ํŒป๋ง์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
06:59
and just applauding like pageant moms every time their little darling got one right.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์”ฉ ๋งž์ถœ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ž์‹์ด ์ถœ์ „ํ•œ ์—„๋งˆ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™˜ํ˜ธํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:03
I think guys had "W-A-T-S-O-N" written on their bellies in grease paint.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด "์™“์Šจ(W-A-T-S-O-N)"์ด๋ž€ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์— ์ผ์ฃ .
07:09
If you can imagine computer programmers with the letters "W-A-T-S-O-N" written on their gut,
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋จธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐฐ์—๋‹ค๊ฐ€ "์™“์Šจ"์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
07:15
it's an unpleasant sight.
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๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹์€ ์žฅ๋ฉด์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
07:16
But they were right. They were exactly right.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งž์•˜์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ง ์˜ณ์•˜์ฃ .
07:19
I don't want to spoil it, if you still have this sitting on your DVR,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ์‡ผ๋ฅผ ๋…นํ™”ํ•ด ๋†“์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ,
07:22
but Watson won handily.
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์™“์Šจ์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒจ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
07:25
And I remember standing there behind the podium
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๋‹จ์ƒ ๋’ค์— ์„œ์„œ ์ž‘์€ ๊ณค์ถฉ ๋ชจ์–‘์˜
07:28
as I could hear that little insectoid thumb clicking.
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๋ฒ„ํŠผ ๋ˆ„๋ฆ„ ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์š”.
07:31
It had a robot thumb that was clicking on the buzzer.
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๋ฒ„์ €๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋กœ๋ด‡ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:34
And you could hear that little tick, tick, tick, tick.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ‹ฑํ‹ฑํ‹ฑ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
07:38
And I remember thinking, this is it.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๋์ด์•ผ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
I felt obsolete.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:42
I felt like a Detroit factory worker of the '80s
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๋งˆ์น˜ 80๋…„๋Œ€์˜ ๋””ํŠธ๋กœ์ดํŠธ ๊ณต์žฅ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๊ฐ€
07:45
seeing a robot that could now do his job on the assembly line.
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์กฐ๋ฆฝ ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ๋กœ๋ด‡์ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๋˜ ์ผ์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ๋ฉด์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์–ด์š”.
07:48
I felt like quiz show contestant was now the first job that had become obsolete
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ์‡ผ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์‹์ด ๋˜์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ์ง์—… ๊ฐ™์•˜์–ด์š”.
07:53
under this new regime of thinking computers.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:57
And it hasn't been the last.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ง ๋์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
07:59
If you watch the news, you'll see occasionally --
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๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ฐ€๋” ๋ณด์‹คํ…๋ฐ,
08:02
and I see this all the time --
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์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
08:03
that pharmacists now, there's a machine that can fill prescriptions automatically
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์•ฝ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์•ฝ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋˜ ์ผ์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•ด์„œ
08:08
without actually needing a human pharmacist.
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๋กœ๋ด‡์ด ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์ „์— ๋งž๋Š” ์•ฝ์„ ์กฐ์ œํ•˜๊ณ ,
08:11
And a lot of law firms are getting rid of paralegals
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด์กฐ์›์„ ์—†์• ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:13
because there's software that can sum up case laws and legal briefs and decisions.
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์‚ฌ๋ก€์— ๋งž๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ณผ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€ ํŒ๊ฒฐ๋ฌธ์„ ๋Œ€์‹  ์ •๋ฆฌํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
08:17
You don't need human assistants for that anymore.
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๊ทธ ์ผ์— ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋ณด์กฐ ์ธ๋ ฅ์ด ํ•„์š”์—†์–ด์š”.
08:20
I read the other day about a program where you feed it a box score
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๋˜ ์•ผ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ ์ˆ˜ํ‘œ๋ฅผ
08:23
from a baseball or football game
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๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:25
and it spits out a news article as if a human had watched the game
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์น˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
08:27
and was commenting on it.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด์ง€์š”.
08:29
And obviously these new technologies can't do as clever or creative a job
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์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์ ์ธ ์ผ์„
08:33
as the humans they're replacing,
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ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ด์š”.
08:34
but they're faster, and crucially, they're much, much cheaper.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ , ๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ €๋ ดํ•˜์ง€์š”.
08:38
So it makes me wonder what the economic effects of this might be.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
08:43
I've read economists saying that, as a result of these new technologies,
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๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
we'll enter a new golden age of leisure
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ ˆ์ ธ์˜ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ์‹œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
08:48
when we'll all have time for the things we really love
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
08:51
because all these onerous tasks will be taken over by Watson and his digital brethren.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์™“์Šจ๊ณผ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ํ˜•์ œ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ท€์ฐฎ์€ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์‹  ํ•  ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊น์š”.
08:58
I've heard other people say quite the opposite,
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๊ทธ์™€ ์ •๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ๋„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
that this is yet another tier of the middle class
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์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณ„์ธต์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:02
that's having the thing they can do taken away from them by a new technology
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋นผ์•˜๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
and that this is actually something ominous,
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ์ƒ์น˜ ์•Š์€ ์ผ์ด์—์š”,
09:08
something that we should worry about.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
09:10
I'm not an economist myself.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
All I know is how it felt to be the guy put out of work.
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์ €๋Š” ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋นผ์•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„์š”.
09:15
And it was friggin' demoralizing. It was terrible.
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์ •๋ง ์˜๊ธฐ์†Œ์นจํ•ด์ง€์ฃ . ๋”์งํ•œ ์ผ์ด์—์š”.
09:18
Here's the one thing that I was ever good at,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋˜ ์ผ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
09:20
and all it took was IBM pouring tens of millions of dollars and its smartest people
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IBM์ด ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค,
09:24
and thousands of processors working in parallel
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๋˜ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋œ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์žํ•ด์„œ
09:27
and they could do the same thing.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋นผ์•˜์•„๊ฐ”๊ณ , ๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
09:29
They could do it a little bit faster and a little better on national TV,
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์ „๊ตญ TV ๋ฐฉ์†ก์— ์ถœ์—ฐํ•ด์„œ ์ข€ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ, ์ข€ ๋” ์ž˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
09:32
and "I'm sorry, Ken. We don't need you anymore."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์„  "๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜๋„ค, ์ผ„, ๋”์ด์ƒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•„์š”์—†๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
09:35
And it made me think, what does this mean,
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‡Œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ €ํ•˜์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ
09:39
if we're going to be able to start outsourcing,
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์ผ์„ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐํ•œํ…Œ ๋งก๊ฒจ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š”๊ฒŒ
09:40
not just lower unimportant brain functions.
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
I'm sure many of you remember a distant time
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์˜ˆ์ „์— ์ „ํ™”๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ
09:46
when we had to know phone numbers, when we knew our friends' phone numbers.
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์™ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฑฐ์—์š”. ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์˜ ์ „ํ™”๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:49
And suddenly there was a machine that did that,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ๊ณ ,
09:51
and now we don't need to remember that anymore.
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ „ํ™”๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
09:54
I have read that there's now actually evidence
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๋‡Œ์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ํ•ด๋งˆ๊ฐ€
09:55
that the hippocampus, the part of our brain that handles spacial relationships,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ ,
10:00
physically shrinks and atrophies
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GPS์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„
10:02
in people who use tools like GPS,
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
10:04
because we're not exercising our sense of direction anymore.
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์‡ ํ‡ดํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์–ด์š”.
10:07
We're just obeying a little talking voice on our dashboard.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ฐจ ๊ณ„๊ธฐํŒ ์œ„์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
10:09
And as a result, a part of our brain that's supposed to do that kind of stuff
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‡Œ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„
10:12
gets smaller and dumber.
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๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ž‘์•„์ง€๊ณ  ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
And it made me think, what happens when computers are now better
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
10:17
at knowing and remembering stuff than we are?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚˜์•„์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ดค์–ด์š”.
10:21
Is all of our brain going to start to shrink and atrophy like that?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ  ์‡ ํ‡ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
10:25
Are we as a culture going to start to value knowledge less?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ง€์‹์„ ๋” ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
10:29
As somebody who has always believed in the importance of the stuff that we know,
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์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋ฏฟ์–ด์™”๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ์จ
10:32
this was a terrifying idea to me.
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์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฌด์„œ์šด ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
The more I thought about it, I realized, no, it's still important.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„, ์•„์ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์–ด์š”.
10:45
The things we know are still important.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
I came to believe there were two advantages
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์ €๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์–ด์š”.
10:50
that those of us who have these things in our head have
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์†์— ์ง€์‹์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
10:54
over somebody who says, "Oh, yeah. I can Google that. Hold on a second."
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"์•„ ๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์ž ๊น๋งŒ. ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์—์„œ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•ด๋ณผ๊ป˜" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚˜์€ ์  ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
10:58
There's an advantage of volume, and there's an advantage of time.
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๋ถ€ํ”ผ์˜ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
11:01
The advantage of volume, first,
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๋จผ์ € ๋ถ€ํ”ผ์˜ ์žฅ์ ์€,
11:03
just has to do with the complexity of the world nowadays.
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์š”์ฆ˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•จ์— ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€์š”.
11:05
There's so much information out there.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
11:07
Being a Renaissance man or woman,
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๋ฅด๋„ค์ƒ์Šค ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๋‚จ์ž๋‚˜ ์—ฌ์ž๋Š”
11:08
that's something that was only possible in the Renaissance.
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๋ฅด๋„ค์ƒ์Šค ์‹œ๋Œ€์—๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
Now it's really not possible
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๋„ํ•œ
11:11
to be reasonably educated on every field of human endeavor.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ธฐ๋ž€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
There's just too much.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ๋งŽ์•„์š”.
11:16
They say that the scope of human information
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์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์–‘์ด
11:19
is now doubling every 18 months or so,
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์•ฝ 18๊ฐœ์›”๋งˆ๋‹ค 2๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
the sum total of human information.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์ดํ•ฉ์ด์š”.
11:23
That means between now and late 2014,
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๋ง์ธ์ฆ‰์Šจ, ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2014๋…„ ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€
11:27
we will generate as much information, in terms of gigabytes,
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๊ธฐ๊ฐ€๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์ง€๋‚œ ์ฒœ ๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์–‘๋งŒํผ์˜
11:30
as all of humanity has in all the previous millenia put together.
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
It's doubling every 18 months now.
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์ด์ œ 18๊ฐœ์›”๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‘๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
11:36
This is terrifying because a lot of the big decisions we make
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ํฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋“ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
11:40
require the mastery of lots of different kinds of facts.
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์ „๋ฌธ ์ง€์‹์„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‘๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
A decision like where do I go to school? What should I major in?
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์–ด๋Š ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€? ์–ด๋Š ์ „๊ณต์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€?
11:48
Who do I vote for?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€?
11:49
Do I take this job or that one?
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์ด ์ง์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์ € ์ง์žฅ์„ ํƒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€?
11:51
These are the decisions that require correct judgments
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์˜ณ์€ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:55
about many different kinds of facts.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์ฃ .
11:57
If we have those facts at our mental fingertips,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋“ค์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‡Œ์˜ ์†๋์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:59
we're going to be able to make informed decisions.
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์ •๋ณด์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
12:01
If, on the other hand, we need to look them all up,
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ํ•œํŽธ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑธ ํ•œ๊บผ๋ฒˆ์— ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:04
we may be in trouble.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
12:06
According to a National Geographic survey I just saw,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณธ ๋‚ด์‡ผ๋„ ์ง€์˜ค๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
12:08
somewhere along the lines of 80 percent
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๋ฏธ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ๋Œ€์™ธ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ด์œ ๋กœ
12:10
of the people who vote in a U.S. presidential election about issues like foreign policy
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ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž ์ค‘์˜ 80% ์ •๋„๋Š”
12:14
cannot find Iraq or Afghanistan on a map.
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์ง€๋„์—์„œ ์ด๋ผํฌ๋‚˜ ์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์„ ์ฐพ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
12:17
If you can't do that first step,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋”›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ ์„œ
12:20
are you really going to look up the other thousand facts you're going to need to know
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๋ฏธ ๋Œ€์™ธ์ •์ฑ…์„ ํ†ต๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
12:23
to master your knowledge of U.S. foreign policy?
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์ •๋ง ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
12:26
Quite probably not.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ๋ชปํ• ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
At some point you're just going to be like,
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์–ด๋Š ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—์„ ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ• ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
12:28
"You know what? There's too much to know. Screw it."
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"๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„? ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ• ๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์•„. ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด."
12:30
And you'll make a less informed decision.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์„  ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด ์—†์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
12:32
The other issue is the advantage of time that you have
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๋˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์†๋์— ๋‘์–ด
12:35
if you have all these things at your fingertips.
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์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์  ์žฅ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
I always think of the story of a little girl named Tilly Smith.
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๋Š˜ ํ‹ธ๋ฆฌ ์Šค๋ฏธ์Šค(Tilly Smith)๋ผ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์†Œ๋…€์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
12:41
She was a 10-year-old girl from Surrey, England
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ์„œ๋ ˆ์ด(Surrey)์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” 10์‚ด๋‚œ ์†Œ๋…€์˜€์–ด์š”.
12:43
on vacation with her parents a few years ago in Phuket, Thailand.
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „์— ๋ถ€๋ชจ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํƒœ๊ตญ์˜ ํ‘ธ์ผ“์œผ๋กœ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ”์ง€์š”.
12:47
She runs up to them on the beach one morning
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์–ด๋Š ๋‚  ์•„์นจ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค์™€์„œ๋Š”
12:48
and says, "Mom, Dad, we've got to get off the beach."
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"์—„๋งˆ, ์•„๋น , ํ•ด๋ณ€์—์„œ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋– ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
12:51
And they say, "What do you mean? We just got here."
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š” "๋ฌด์Šจ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋‹ˆ? ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ด์ œ ๋ง‰ ์™”์ž–์•„."๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
12:54
And she said, "In Mr. Kearney's geography class last month,
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๊ทธ ์†Œ๋…€๋Š” "์ง€๋‚œ ๋‹ฌ ์ปค๋‹ˆ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ์ง€๋ฆฌํ•™ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—
12:57
he told us that when the tide goes out abruptly out to sea
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์ฐ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ 
13:00
and you see the waves churning way out there,
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ํŒŒ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ € ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ์„œ ํœ˜์ €์œผ๋ฉด
13:01
that's the sign of a tsunami, and you need to clear the beach."
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์“ฐ๋‚˜๋ฏธ์˜ ์ง•์กฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณง ํ•ด๋ณ€์—์„œ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋Œ”์–ด์š”."
13:06
What would you do if your 10-year-old daughter came up to you with this?
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๋งŒ์•ฝ 10์‚ด ๋‚œ ๋”ธ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์™€์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
13:08
Her parents thought about it,
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋น ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
and they finally, to their credit, decided to believe her.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋”ธ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
13:11
They told the lifeguard, they went back to the hotel,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ด์ƒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์›์—๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ , ํ˜ธํ…”๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ์•„ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
and the lifeguard cleared over 100 people off the beach, luckily,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ด์ƒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์›์€ ํ•ด๋ณ€์— ์žˆ๋˜ 100 ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผ์‹ ์‹œ์ผฐ์ง€์š”.
13:17
because that was the day of the Boxing Day tsunami,
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„, ๊ทธ ๋‚ ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฐ•์‹ฑ ๋ฐ์ด ์“ฐ๋‚˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๋‚ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:20
the day after Christmas, 2004,
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2004๋…„ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
13:22
that killed thousands of people in Southeast Asia and around the Indian Ocean.
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๋™๋‚จ ์•„์‹œ์•„์™€ ์ธ๋„์–‘ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋ช…์˜ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ์•—์•„๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
But not on that beach, not on Mai Khao Beach,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๊ณณ, ๋งˆ์ด ์นด์˜ค(Mai Khao) ํ•ด๋ณ€์—์„œ๋Š” ํฌ์ƒ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€์š”.
13:28
because this little girl had remembered one fact from her geography teacher a month before.
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๊ทธ ์†Œ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ์ „ ์ง€๋ฆฌํ•™ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ป˜ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•œ ๋•๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
Now when facts come in handy like that --
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์ง€์‹์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์“ธ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ --
13:35
I love that story because it shows you the power of one fact,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”. ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ง€์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํž˜์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
13:39
one remembered fact in exactly the right place at the right time --
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด ๋‚ธ ๊ทธ ์ง€์‹์ด์ฃ  --
13:43
normally something that's easier to see on game shows than in real life.
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๋ณดํ†ต ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ถ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์‡ผ์—์„œ ๋” ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด์ง€์š”.
13:46
But in this case it happened in real life.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ถ ์†์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
And it happens in real life all the time.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ถ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€์š”.
13:50
It's not always a tsunami, often it's a social situation.
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์“ฐ๋‚˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ˜„์ƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
13:52
It's a meeting or job interview or first date
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ํšŒ์˜๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์ง ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋‚˜, ์ฒซ ๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
13:57
or some relationship that gets lubricated
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
13:58
because two people realize they share some common piece of knowledge.
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๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ์ง€์‹์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
14:02
You say where you're from, and I say, "Oh, yeah."
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์–ด๋””์„œ ์™”๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด, "์•„, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
14:04
Or your alma mater or your job,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ชจ๊ต๋‚˜ ์ง์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
14:06
and I know just a little something about it,
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
14:08
enough to get the ball rolling.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์ด๋Œ์–ด๊ฐ€๊ธฐ์— ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
People love that shared connection that gets created
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ์— ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š”
14:11
when somebody knows something about you.
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๊ณต์œ ๋œ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
It's like they took the time to get to know you before you even met.
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํˆฌ์žํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
14:18
That's often the advantage of time.
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๋•Œ๋กœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์žฅ์ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
And it's not effective if you say, "Well, hold on.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
14:20
You're from Fargo, North Dakota. Let me see what comes up.
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"์ž ์‹œ๋งŒ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋…ธ์Šค ๋‹ค์ฝ”ํƒ€์˜ ํŒŒ๊ณ ์—์„œ ์™”์ฃ . ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
14:26
Oh, yeah. Roger Maris was from Fargo."
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์•„, ๋งž์•„์š”. ๋กœ์ € ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๊ณ  ์ถœ์‹ ์ด์ฃ ."
14:28
That doesn't work. That's just annoying.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑด ์ „ํ˜€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์ € ์งœ์ฆ ๋‚  ๋ฟ์ด์—์š”.
14:31
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
14:33
The great 18th-century British theologian and thinker, friend of Dr. Johnson,
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18์„ธ๊ธฐ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ์‹ ํ•™์ž์ด์ž ์ฒ ํ•™๊ฐ€๋กœ ์กด์Šจ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ(Dr. Johnson)์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ์ธ
14:39
Samuel Parr once said, "It's always better to know a thing than not to know it."
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์‚ฌ๋ฌด์—˜ ํŒŒ(Samuel Parr)๋Š” "ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ซ๋‹ค" ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
14:45
And if I have lived my life by any kind of creed, it's probably that.
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์ œ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ์‹ ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋ง์ผ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
14:50
I have always believed that the things we know -- that knowledge is an absolute good,
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์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ -- ์ง€์‹์ด ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
14:55
that the things we have learned and carry with us in our heads
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์†์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด
14:58
are what make us who we are,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ
15:00
as individuals and as a species.
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๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ ์ข…์กฑ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ •์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
I don't know if I want to live in a world where knowledge is obsolete.
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์ง€์‹์ด ์“ธ๋ชจ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
15:07
I don't want to live in a world where cultural literacy has been replaced
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๋ฌธํ™”์  ๊ต์–‘์ด ์ž‘์€ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ
15:10
by these little bubbles of specialty,
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๋Œ€์ฒด๋œ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
15:12
so that none of us know about the common associations
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ช…์„ ํ•œ๋ฐ ๋ฌถ์–ด ์ค„
15:16
that used to bind our civilization together.
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๊ณตํ†ต์˜ ์œ ๋Œ€์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ์ง€์š”.
15:18
I don't want to be the last trivia know-it-all
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์‚ฐ ์† ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ์•‰์•„์žˆ๋Š”
15:20
sitting on a mountain somewhere,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์žกํ•™ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
15:22
reciting to himself the state capitals and the names of "Simpsons" episodes
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์ฃผ๋„(ไธป้ƒฝ)๋‚˜ ์‹ฌ์Šจ(Simpsons)์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์ธ๋ฌผ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด๋‚˜
15:26
and the lyrics of Abba songs.
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์•„๋ฐ”(Abba)๋…ธ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ ์ž ์Š์กฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:30
I feel like our civilization works when this is a vast cultural heritage that we all share
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™” ์œ ์‚ฐ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ 
15:34
and that we know without having to outsource it to our devices,
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„, ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ ์—”์ง„, ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ํฐ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ์„œ๋„
15:37
to our search engines and our smartphones.
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๊ทธ ์ง€์‹์„ ์•Œ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ช…์ด ์ž‘์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:40
In the movies, when computers like Watson start to think,
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์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ์™“์Šจ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด
15:44
things don't always end well.
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๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ด ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†์ง€์š”.
15:47
Those movies are never about beautiful utopias.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜ํ™”๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ด์ƒํ–ฅ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:51
It's always a terminator or a matrix or an astronaut getting sucked out an airlock in "2001."
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ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ค์ดํ„ฐ๋‚˜ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค๋‚˜ "2001"์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์„  ์ถœ์ž…๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋นจ๋ ค๋‚˜๊ฐ„ ์šฐ์ฃผ์ธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
15:57
Things always go terribly wrong.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜๊ณ  ๋ง์ง€์š”.
16:00
And I feel like we're sort of at the point now
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€
16:02
where we need to make that choice of what kind of future we want to be living in.
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์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์‹œ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Š๊ปด์š”.
16:06
This is a question of leadership,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๋„๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
because it becomes a question of who leads the future.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๊ฐ€๋ƒ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
16:11
On the one hand, we can choose between a new golden age
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ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ ์‹œ๋Œ€์ธ
16:17
where information is more universally available
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์ธ๋ฅ˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ณด์— ์ ‘๊ทผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์‹œ๋Œ€,
16:21
than it's ever been in human history,
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์†๋์—์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€
16:22
where we all have the answers to our questions at our fingertips.
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์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:25
And on the other hand,
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๋˜ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”,
16:26
we have the potential to be living in some gloomy dystopia
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์šฐ์šธํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์ด์ƒํ–ฅ์—์„œ ์‚ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
16:29
where the machines have taken over
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ ,
16:31
and we've all decided it's not important what we know anymore,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
16:34
that knowledge isn't valuable because it's all out there in the cloud,
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์ง€์‹์€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„(cloud)์†์— ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
16:37
and why would we ever bother learning anything new.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š๋ผ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋˜๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
16:43
Those are the two choices we have. I know which future I would rather be living in.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ ํƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€์ง€ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:46
And we can all make that choice.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ทธ ์„ ํƒ์„ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
We make that choice by being curious, inquisitive people who like to learn,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ํƒ๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
16:52
who don't just say, "Well, as soon as the bell has rung and the class is over,
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"๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ข…์ด ์šธ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ๋๋‚ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
16:55
I don't have to learn anymore,"
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๋”๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์šธ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
16:56
or "Thank goodness I have my diploma. I'm done learning for a lifetime.
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"๋‚ด ํ•™์œ„๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋””์–ด ๋‹ค ๋๋งˆ์ณค์–ด. ๋‚ด ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€๋Š” ๋์ด์•ผ.
17:00
I don't have to learn new things anymore."
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฑฐ์•ผ." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
17:02
No, every day we should be striving to learn something new.
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๋งค์ผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ ค๊ณ  ํž˜์จ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
We should have this unquenchable curiosity for the world around us.
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์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Š์ž„์—†๋Š” ๊ถ๊ธˆ์ฆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
17:09
That's where the people you see on "Jeopardy" come from.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œํผ๋”” ์‡ผ์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด์—์š”.
17:12
These know-it-alls, they're not Rainman-style savants
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์ด ์ž˜๋‚œ ์ฒ™ํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜ํ™” ๋ ˆ์ธ๋งจ ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณต๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์žฌ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
17:15
sitting at home memorizing the phone book.
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์ง‘์— ์•‰์•„ ์ „ํ™”๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์™ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
17:17
I've met a lot of them.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ดค์–ด์š”.
17:19
For the most part, they are just normal folks
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์—์š”.
17:20
who are universally interested in the world around them, curious about everything,
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์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ํญ๋„“๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์ด ๋งŽ์ฃ .
17:24
thirsty for this knowledge about whatever subject.
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๋˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ์ œ๋˜์ง€ ์ง€์‹์— ๋ชฉ๋ง๋ผ ํ•ด์š”.
17:28
We can live in one of these two worlds.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:30
We can live in a world where our brains, the things that we know,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‡Œ์™€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ์ง€์‹์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ๋Š”
17:33
continue to be the thing that makes us special,
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์„ธ์ƒ์— ์‚ด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
17:35
or a world in which we've outsourced all of that to evil supercomputers from the future like Watson.
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์™“์Šจ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—์„œ ์˜จ ์•…ํ•œ ์Šˆํผ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งก๊ฒจ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์‚ด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
17:42
Ladies and gentlemen, the choice is yours.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์„ ํƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—์š”.
17:44
Thank you very much.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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