Smelfies, and other experiments in synthetic biology | Ani Liu

73,150 views ・ 2017-03-17

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: μš©κ΄€ κ³  κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
What if our plants
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먄약에 우리 식물듀이
00:14
could sense the toxicity levels in the soil
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ν† μ–‘μ˜ 독성 정도λ₯Ό 감지할 수 있고
00:17
and express that toxicity through the color of its leaves?
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κ·Έ 독성을 잎의 색깔을 톡해 ν‘œν˜„ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”??
00:21
What if those plants could also remove those toxins from the soil?
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λ˜ν•œ, 이 식물듀이 ν† μ–‘μ—μ„œ 독성을 μ œκ±°ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
00:26
Instead, what if those plants
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λŒ€μ‹ μ— λ§Œμ•½ 이 식물듀이
00:28
grew their own packaging,
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κ·Έλ“€λ§Œμ˜ 포μž₯지λ₯Ό μƒμ„±ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
00:30
or were designed to only be harvested
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였직 νŠΉν—ˆλ‘œ 보μž₯된 주인의 κΈ°κ³„λ‘œλ§Œ
00:32
by their owners' own patented machines?
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μˆ˜ν™•λ˜κ²Œ λ””μžμΈ λœλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
00:35
What happens when biological design
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생물학적 λ””μžμΈμ΄ λŒ€λŸ‰μƒμ‚°μ œν’ˆ λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
00:37
is driven by the motivations of mass-produced commodities?
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μ£Όλ„λœλ‹€λ©΄ 무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚ κΉŒμš”?
00:40
What kind of world would that be?
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그런 세상을 κ³Όμ—° μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
00:43
My name is Ani, and I'm a designer and researcher at MIT Media Lab,
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제 이름은 μ• λ‹ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ €λŠ” MIT λ―Έλ””μ–΄ μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ— λ””μžμ΄λ„ˆ κ²Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ›μœΌλ‘œ 있고
00:47
where I'm part of a relatively new and unique group called Design Fiction,
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Design Fictionμ΄λΌλŠ” 과학적 ν—ˆκ΅¬μ™€ 과학적 사싀에 λΌμ–΄μžˆλŠ”
00:51
where we're wedged somewhere between science fiction and science fact.
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μƒλŒ€μ μœΌλ‘œ μƒˆλ‘­κ³  νŠΉλ³„ν•œ 그룹의 λ©€λ²„λ‘œ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
And at MIT, I am lucky enough to rub shoulders with scientists
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MITμ—μ„œ, μ €λŠ” 운이 μ’‹κ²Œλ„ λͺ¨λ“  μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μ΅œμ²¨λ‹¨ κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ”
00:59
studying all kinds of cutting edge fields
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κ³Όν•™μžλΆ„λ“€κ³Ό 같이 μΌν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
like synthetic neurobiology,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄, 인곡 μ‹ κ²½ 생물학
01:03
artificial intelligence, artificial life
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인곡지λŠ₯κ³Ό 인곡생λͺ…
01:05
and everything in between.
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그리고 κ·Έ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ λΆ„μ•Ό 등이 있죠.
01:07
And across campus, there's truly brilliant scientists
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캠퍼슀 μ „λ°˜μ—λŠ” μ •λ§λ‘œ λ›°μ–΄λ‚œ κ³Όν•™μžλΆ„λ“€μ΄ λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:11
asking questions like, "How can I make the world a better place?"
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그듀은 'μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ 세상을 μ’‹κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ'라고 μ§ˆλ¬Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
And part of what my group likes to ask is, "What is better?"
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저희 νŒ€μ΄ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μ§ˆλ¬Έμ—λŠ” "무엇이 더 μ’‹μ„κΉŒ?"
01:18
What is better for you, for me,
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무엇이 λ„ˆλ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄, λ‚˜λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄
01:20
for a white woman, a gay man,
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백인 μ—¬μ„±, λ™μ„±μ• μž
01:22
a veteran, a child with a prosthetic?
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λ² ν…Œλž‘, 인곡 신체λ₯Ό 가진 아이듀을 μœ„ν•΄ 무엇이 더 μ’‹μ„κΉŒ?
01:24
Technology is never neutral.
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κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ ˆλŒ€ 쀑립적이지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:26
It frames a reality
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κΈ°μˆ μ„ ν˜„μ‹€μ„ κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜κ³ 
01:28
and reflects a context.
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λ˜ν•œ μ „ν›„ 사정을 λ§ν•΄μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
Can you imagine what it would say about the work-life balance at your office
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λ§Œμ•½, 이 사진 속 물건이 좜근 μ²«λ‚ μ˜ 일반적인 주제라면
μ‚Άκ³Ό 일이 μ‚¬λ¬΄μ‹€μ—μ„œ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 잘 μ–΄μš°λŸ¬μ§€λŠ”μ§€ μƒμƒλ˜λ‚˜μš”?
01:34
if these were standard issue on the first day?
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01:36
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:37
I believe it's the role of artists and designers
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μ €λŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•œ 문제λ₯Ό μ œκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 것이
01:40
to raise critical questions.
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μ˜ˆμˆ κ°€μ™€ λ””μžμ΄λ„ˆλ“€μ˜ 역할이라고 λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
Art is how you can see and feel the future,
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μ˜ˆμˆ μ€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 미래λ₯Ό 보고 λŠλΌλŠ” λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
and today is an exciting time to be a designer,
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그리고 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ€ λ””μžμ΄λ„ˆλ“€μ΄ μ—¬λŸ¬ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 도ꡬλ₯Ό μ ‘ν•  수 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ
01:47
for all the new tools becoming accessible.
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κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” μ‹ λ‚˜λŠ” μ‹œκ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:49
For instance, synthetic biology
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, 인곡 생λͺ…학은
01:50
seeks to write biology as a design problem.
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생λͺ…을 λ””μžμΈ 문제둜 보렀 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:53
And through these developments,
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그리고 이런 κ°œλ°œμ„ 톡해
01:55
my lab asks, what are the roles and responsibilities
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μ €μ˜ μ—°κ΅¬μ†ŒλŠ” μ§ˆλ¬Έν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ˜ˆμˆ μžλ“€, λ””μžμΈμ–΄λ“€, κ³Όν•™μžλ“€ λ˜λŠ” νšŒμ‚¬μ›λ“€μ˜ μ±…μž„κ³Ό 역할은 λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒ?
01:58
of an artist, designer, scientist or businessman?
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02:02
What are the implications
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인곡 생λͺ…ν•™, μœ μ „ κ³΅ν•™μ˜ μ˜λ―ΈλŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒ?
02:04
of synthetic biology, genetic engineering,
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02:07
and how are they shaping our notions of what it means to be a human?
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그리고, κ·Έ 학문듀은 μ–΄λ–€ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 인간에 λŒ€ν•œ 우리의 인식을 λ°”κΏ€κΉŒ?
02:11
What are the implications of this on society, on evolution
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μ‚¬νšŒμ μœΌλ‘œ, μ§„ν™”μ μœΌλ‘œ 이 학문듀이 μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ” 건 λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒ?
02:14
and what are the stakes in this game?
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그리고 이 λ†€μ΄μ˜ μœ„ν—˜μ„±μ€ 무엇인가?
02:17
My own speculative design research at the current moment
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μ§€κΈˆ, μ €μ˜ 좔츑에 κΈ°λ°˜ν•œ λ””μžμΈ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ”
02:20
plays with synthetic biology,
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인곡 생λͺ…학을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
02:22
but for more emotionally driven output.
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더 κ°μ •μ μœΌλ‘œ μ΄λŒλ €μ§„ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:25
I'm obsessed with olfaction as a design space,
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μ €λŠ” ν›„κ°μž‘μš©μ„ λ””μžμΈμ˜ λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œ λ³΄λŠ” 것에 λΉ μ Έ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
and this project started with this idea
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그리고 이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλŠ” ν•œ μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄λ‘œ μ‹œμž‘λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:30
of what if you could take a smell selfie, a smelfie?
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"λ§Œμ•½ λƒ„μƒˆ μ…€μΉ΄λ₯Ό 찍을 수 있으면 μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒ?"
02:34
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:36
What if you could take your own natural body odor
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"λ§Œμ•½ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 우리 λ³Έμ—°μ˜ λƒ„μƒˆλ₯Ό μ–»κ³ 
02:38
and send it to a lover?
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μ• μΈμ—κ²Œ 그것을 보낼 수 있으면 μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒ?
02:41
Funny enough, I found that this was a 19th century Austrian tradition,
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μž¬λ―Έμžˆκ²Œλ„, μ €λŠ” 이것이 19μ„ΈκΈ° μ˜€μŠ€νŠΈλ¦¬μ•„μ˜ μ „ν†΅μž„μ„ μ•Œμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:44
where couples in courtship would keep a slice of apple
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그듀은, λ§Œμ•½ 사귀고 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄, 사과 ν•œ 쑰각을 자λ₯Έ λ‹€μŒ
02:47
crammed under their armpit during dances,
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좀을 μΆ”λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ, 받은 사과λ₯Ό κ²¨λ“œλž‘μ΄ 사이에 λΌμ›λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
and at the end of the evening,
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그리고 밀이 λ‹€ 지날 무렡
02:51
the girl would give the guy she most fancied her used fruit,
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그녀은 κ°€μž₯ λ§ˆμŒμ— λ“  λ‚¨μ„±μ—κ²Œ κ·Έλ…€μ˜ 사과λ₯Ό μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:55
and if the feeling was mutual,
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λ§Œμ•½ κ·Έλ…€κ°€ λ§ˆμŒμ— λ“€λ©΄
02:57
he would wolf down that stinky apple.
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κ·ΈλŠ” λˆμ ν•΄μ§„ 사과λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:59
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
03:03
Famously, Napoleon wrote many love letters to Josephine,
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유λͺ…ν•œ μΌν™”λ‘œ, λ‚˜ν΄λ ˆμ˜Ήμ€ μ‘°μ„Έν•€μ—κ²Œ λ§Žμ€ μ—°μ• νŽΈμ§€λ₯Ό μΌλŠ”λ°
03:06
but perhaps amongst the most memorable is this brief and urgent note:
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ κ°€μž₯ 기얡에 λ‚¨λŠ” 것은 이 짧고 κΈ΄λ°•ν•œ νŽΈμ§€μΌ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:11
"Home in three days. Don't bathe."
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[3일 후에 집에 κ°€λ‹ˆ 씻지 λ§ˆμ‹œμ˜€.]
03:13
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
03:15
Both Napoleon and Josephine adored violets.
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λ‚˜ν΄λ ˆμ˜Ήκ³Ό μ‘°μ„Έν•€ 두 λͺ… λ‹€ μ œλΉ„κ½ƒμ„ μ’‹μ•„ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
Josephine wore violet-scented perfume,
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쑰세핀은 μ œλΉ„κ½ƒ ν–₯κΈ° ν–₯수λ₯Ό 썼고
03:21
carried violets on their wedding day,
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ κ²°ν˜Όμ‹ λ‚  μ œλΉ„κ½ƒμ„ κ°€μ Έ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
and Napoleon sent her a bouquet of violets
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λ‚˜ν΄λ ˆμ˜Ήμ€ 맀년 κ²°ν˜ΌκΈ°λ…μΌμ—
03:25
every year on their anniversary.
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μ œλΉ„κ½ƒ ν•œ λ‹€λ°œμ„ κ·Έλ…€μ—κ²Œ λ³΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
When Josephine passed away,
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쑰세핀이 μ£½μ—ˆμ„ λ‹Ήμ‹œ
03:28
he planted violets at her grave,
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κ·ΈλŠ” κ·Έλ…€μ˜ 무덀에 μ œλΉ„κ½ƒμ„ μ‹¬μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:29
and just before his exile,
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그리고 λ‚˜ν΄λ ˆμ˜Ήμ€ 그의 μΆ”λ°© 직전
03:31
he went back to that tomb site,
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μ‘°μ„Έν•€μ˜ λ¬˜μ§€λ‘œ λŒμ•„μ™”κ³ 
03:33
picked some of those flowers, entombed them in a locket
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μ œλΉ„κ½ƒ λͺ‡ 솑이λ₯Ό 꺾은 λ‹€μŒ, 그의 μ£Όλ¨Έλ‹ˆμ— λ„£μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:36
and wore them until the day he died.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ£½κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ κ·Έ 꽃듀을 κ°„μ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:38
And I found this so moving,
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μ €λŠ” 이 감동적인 이야기λ₯Ό μ°Ύκ³ 
03:39
I thought, could I engineer that violet to smell just like Josephine?
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"λ‚΄κ°€ μ œλΉ„κ½ƒ ν–₯κΈ°λ₯Ό μ‘°μ„Έν•€μ˜ ν–₯기처럼 λ°”κΏ€ 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ?"
03:43
What if, for the rest of eternity,
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"λ§Œμ•½, μ§€κΈˆλΆ€ν„° μ˜μ›νžˆ
03:45
when you went to visit her site,
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ 무덀을 μ°Ύμ•„κ°ˆ λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€
03:47
you could smell Josephine just as Napoleon loved her?
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λ‚˜ν΄λ ˆμ˜Ήμ΄ 쑰세핀을 μ‚¬λž‘ν•œ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ·Έλ…€μ˜ ν–₯κΈ°λ₯Ό 맑을 수 있으면 μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒ?"
03:50
Could we engineer new ways of mourning,
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"μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ• λ„μ˜ 방식과
03:52
new rituals for remembering?
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μΆ”λͺ¨λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ μ˜μ‹μ„ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ?"
03:54
After all, we've engineered transgenic crops
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μ–΄μ¨Œλ“  μ €ν¬λŠ” μœ μ „μž μ‘°μž‘ λ†μž‘λ¬Όλ“€μ„ 이읡에 μ΅œμ ν™” μ‹œμΌ°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
to be maximized for profit,
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03:59
crops that stand up to transport,
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λ†μž‘λ¬Όλ“€μ„ μš΄μ†‘ 쀑에도 μƒν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ²Œ ν–ˆκ³ 
04:02
crops that have a long shelf life,
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λ†μž‘λ¬Όλ“€μ˜ ν’ˆμ§ˆμˆ˜λͺ…을 늘렸으며
04:03
crops that taste sugary sweet but resist pests,
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λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œλŠ” λ†μž‘λ¬Όμ˜ μ˜μ–‘κ°€λ₯Ό ν¬κΈ°ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
04:06
sometimes at the expense of nutritional value.
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단맛이 λ‚˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆκ³ , 병해좩에 버티도둝 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
Can we harness these same technologies for an emotionally sensitive output?
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 κΈ°μˆ λ“€μ„ κ°μ •μ μœΌλ‘œ λ―Όκ°ν•œ 결과을 μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
04:14
So currently in my lab,
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μ΅œκ·Όμ— μ €μ˜ μ—°κ΅¬μ‹€μ—μ„œ
04:15
I'm researching questions like, what makes a human smell like a human?
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"무엇이 μΈκ°„μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒ λƒ„μƒˆμ„ λ§Œλ“€κΉŒ?" λΌλŠ” μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:19
And it turns out it's fairly complicated.
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κ½€ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ λ¬Έμ œλΌλŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:21
Factors such as your diet, your medications, your lifestyle
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 식단, λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ 볡용 μ•½, μƒν™œ μŠ΅κ΄€κ³Ό 같은 λͺ¨λ“  μš”μ†Œκ°€
04:25
all factor into the way you smell.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ–΄λ–€ λƒ„μƒˆκ°€ λ‚˜λŠ”μ§€ κ²°μ •ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:27
And I found that our sweat is mostly odorless,
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우리의 땀은 거의 λƒ„μƒˆκ°€ μ—†κ³ 
04:29
but it's our bacteria and microbiome
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λŒ€μ‹  μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λƒ„μƒˆμ™€ κΈ°λΆ„
04:31
that's responsible for your smells, your mood, your identity
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정체성과 κ·Έ μ΄μ™Έμ˜ 것듀에 영ν–₯을 μ£ΌλŠ” λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ‚˜ 미생물이
04:35
and so much beyond.
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λƒ„μƒˆκ°€ λ‚˜κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:37
And there's all kinds of molecules that you emit
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λ˜ν•œ, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λΆ„λΉ„ν•˜κΈ΄ ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
04:39
but which we only perceive subconsciously.
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였직 λ¬΄μ˜μ‹μ€‘μ—μ„œλ§Œ κ°μ§€ν•˜λŠ” λΆ„μžλ“€λ„ λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
So I've been cataloging and collecting
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 우리λͺΈμ˜ 각각 λΆ€λΆ„μ˜
04:45
bacteria from different sites of my body.
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λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ“€μ„ λͺ¨μœΌκ³  μ •λ¦¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:47
After talking to a scientist, we thought,
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ν•œ κ³Όν•™μžλΆ„κ³Ό 이야기 ν•œ ν›„, μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
04:49
maybe the perfect concoction of Ani
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μ• λ‹ˆλŠ” μ‡„κ³¨μ—μ„œ 10%
04:51
is like 10 percent collarbone, 30 percent underarm,
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κ²¨λ“œλž‘μ΄ 30%, λΉ„ν‚€λ‹ˆ 라인 40%와 λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€λ‘œ 이루어진
04:55
40 percent bikini line and so forth,
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화합물일 수 μžˆκ² λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:57
and occasionally I let researchers from other labs
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μ €λŠ” μš°μ—°νžˆ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ‹€μ˜ μ—°κ΅¬μ›λΆ„κ»˜ 제 λƒ„μƒˆ μƒ˜ν”Œμ„
05:00
take a sniff of my samples.
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맑아달라고 λΆ€νƒν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:02
And it's been interesting to hear how smell of the body
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그리고 λͺΈμ˜ λƒ„μƒˆκ°€ λͺΈμ„ λ– λ‚˜λ©΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μΈμ‹λ˜λŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό
05:05
is perceived outside of the context of the body.
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λ“£λŠ” 것은 κ½€ ν₯λ―Έλ‘œμ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:08
I've gotten feedback such as,
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μ €λŠ” μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λŒ€λ‹΅μ„ λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:09
smells like flowers, like chicken,
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"꽃 λƒ„μƒˆ κ°™λ‹€.", "λ‹­ λƒ„μƒˆ κ°™λ‹€."
05:12
like cornflakes,
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"콘 ν”Œλ ˆμ΄ν¬ κ°™λ‹€."
05:13
like beef carnitas.
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"μ‡ κ³ κΈ° 까λ₯΄λ‹ˆνƒ€μŠ€ κ°™λ‹€."
05:15
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
05:17
At the same time, I cultivate a set of carnivorous plants
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λ™μ‹œμ— μ €λŠ” 먹이λ₯Ό λ§€ν˜Ήν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν–₯기둜운 λƒ„μƒˆλ₯Ό λΏœλŠ”
05:20
for their ability to emit fleshlike odors to attract prey,
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식좩식물듀을 κΈΈλ €μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:24
in an attempt to kind of create this symbiotic relationship
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이 식물과 μ €μ˜ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 곡생적인 관계λ₯Ό
05:27
between my bacteria and this organism.
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λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μ‹œλ„λ‘œμ¨ 말이죠.
05:31
And as it so happens, I'm at MIT and I'm in a bar,
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그리고 μ €λŠ” MITμ—μ„œ 바에 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
05:34
and I was talking to a scientist
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μš°μ—°νžˆλ„ ν™”ν•™μžμ΄λ©° 식물 κ³Όν•™μžμΈ
05:36
who happens to be a chemist and a plant scientist,
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ν•œ κ³Όν•™μžμ—κ²Œ 말을 κ±Έμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:38
and I was telling him about my project,
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έμ—κ²Œ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:40
and he was like, "Well, this sounds like botany for lonely women."
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "음, 이건 μ™Έλ‘œμš΄ 여성을 μœ„ν•œ 식물학 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
05:43
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
05:46
Unperturbed, I said, "OK."
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λ§ˆμŒμ„ λ‹€μž‘κ³ , μ €λŠ” "μ•Œκ² μ–΄μš”."라고 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:49
I challenged him.
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έμ—κ²Œ λ¬Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:51
"Can we engineer a plant that can love me back?"
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"μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•œ 식물을 λ°˜λŒ€λ‘œ μ €λ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?"
05:54
And for some reason, he was like, "Sure, why not?"
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λͺ‡ 가지 μ΄μœ μ—μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” "λ‹Ήμ—°ν•˜μ§€, μ™œ μ•ˆλΌ?"라고 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
So we started with, can we get a plant to grow towards me
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €ν¬λŠ” μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•΄κ°€ 된 것 처럼
06:00
like I was the sun?
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식물이 우리λ₯Ό ν–₯ν•΄ 자라게 ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ?"
06:02
And so we're looking at mechanisms in plants such as phototropism,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 식물이 ν•΄ μͺ½μœΌλ‘œ 자라게 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ΅΄κ΄‘μ„±κ³Ό 같은
06:06
which causes the plant to grow towards the sun
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μ‹λ¬Όμ˜ λ§€μ»€λ‹ˆμ¦˜μ„ κ΄€μ°°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:08
by producing hormones like auxin,
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μ‹λ¬Όμ˜ ꡴광성은 κ·ΈλŠ˜μ§„ λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 세포λ₯Ό
06:10
which causes cell elongation on the shady side.
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빨리 μžλΌκ²Œν•˜λŠ” μ˜₯신같은 호λ₯΄λͺ¬μ— μ˜ν•΄ λ°œμƒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:13
And right now I'm creating a set of lipsticks
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그리고 μ €λŠ” 이런 ν™”ν•™λ¬Όμ§ˆμ΄ μ£Όμž…λœ
06:15
that are infused with these chemicals
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λ¦½μŠ€ν‹± μ„ΈνŠΈλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:17
that allow me to interact with a plant on its own chemical signatures --
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이 ν™”ν•™λ¬Όμ§ˆμ€ 화학적 μ‚¬μΈμœΌλ‘œ 저와 식물을 κ΅κ°ν•˜κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:20
lipsticks that cause plants to grow where I kiss it,
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λ¦½μŠ€ν‹±μ€ μ œκ°€ ν‚€μŠ€ν•œ μ‹λ¬Όμ˜ 뢀뢄을 자라게 ν•˜κ³ 
06:24
plants that blossom where I kiss the bloom.
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μ œκ°€ 꽃에 ν‚€μŠ€λ₯Ό ν•œ 뢀뢄을 κ½ƒν”Όμš°κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:26
And through these projects,
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그리고 이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ“€μ„ 톡해
06:29
I'm asking questions like,
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μ €λŠ” 이런 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:31
how do we define nature?
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"μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μžμ—°μ„ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ •μ˜ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ?
06:32
How do we define nature when we can reengineer its properties,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μžμ—°μ˜ 속성을 μ‘°μž‘ν•  수 있고 κ·Έλž˜μ•Όλ§Œ ν•  λ•Œ
μžμ—°μ„ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ •μ˜ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ?
06:36
and when should we do it?
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06:37
Should we do it for profit, for utility?
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이읡과 편의λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄μ„œ κ·Έλž˜μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”κ°€?
06:41
Can we do it for emotional ends?
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감정적인 λͺ©μ μœΌλ‘œ κ·Έλž˜μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”κ°€?
06:43
Can biotechnology be used to create work as moving as music?
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μƒλ¬ΌκΈ°μˆ μ΄ μŒμ•…λ§ŒνΌ 감동적인 μž‘ν’ˆμ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λ‚΄λŠ”λ° 쓰일 수 μžˆλŠ”κ°€?
06:46
What are the thresholds between science
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κ³Όν•™κ³Ό 감정적인 경관을 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ³Όν•™μ˜ μœ μš©μ„± μ‚¬μ΄μ˜
06:48
and its ability to shape our emotional landscape?
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κΈ°μ€€μ λŠ” 무엇인가?"
06:52
It's a famous design mantra that form follows function.
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이것은 κΈ°λŠ₯을 λ”°λ₯΄λŠ” 유λͺ…ν•œ λ””μžμΈ 만트라 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:56
Well, now, wedged somewhere between science, design and art
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ν™•μ‹€νžˆ μ§€κΈˆμ€ κ³Όν•™, λ””μžμΈκ³Ό 예술 사이 μ–΄λ”˜κ°€μ˜ μ˜μ—­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:00
I get to ask,
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μ €λŠ” μ§ˆλ¬Έν•˜κ²Œ λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:01
what if fiction informs fact?
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"가상이 사싀을 μ•Œλ €μ£Όλ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒ?"
07:03
What kind of R&D lab would that look like
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"그것이 μ–΄λ–€ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μ‹€ν—˜μ‹€ κ°™μ•„ 보일까?
07:05
and what kind of questions would we ask together?
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 같이 μ–΄λ–€ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν•  것인가?"
07:07
We often look to technology as the answer,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ’…μ’… κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ •λ‹΅μœΌλ‘œ λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:10
but as an artist and designer,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ˜ˆμˆ κ°€μ™€ λ””μžμ΄λ„ˆλ‘œμ„œ
07:11
I like to ask, but what is the question?
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μ €λŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "질문이 λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"
κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:14
Thank you.
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07:15
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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