The moral dangers of non-lethal weapons | Stephen Coleman

52,217 views ・ 2012-02-07

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Kyo young Chu κ²€ν† : Young-ho Park
00:15
What I want to talk to you about today
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μ œκ°€ 였늘 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€κ»˜ λ“œλ¦΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ”
00:17
is some of the problems that the military of the Western world --
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호주, λ―Έκ΅­, 영ꡭ, 그리고 κ·Έ μ™Έμ˜ μ„œμ–‘ ꡭ가듀이
μ§€κΈˆ ν˜„μž¬ μ—¬λŸ¬κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œ
00:22
Australia, United States, the UK and so on --
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μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 비살상 무기에 κ΄€λ ¨λœ
00:25
face in some of the deployments that they're dealing with
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λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:28
in the modern world at this time.
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호주ꡰ이 μ§€λ‚œ λͺ‡λ…„κ°„
00:30
If you think about the sorts of things
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00:31
we've sent Australian military personnel to in recent years,
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νŒŒλ³‘λœ 곳을 보면 μ΄λΌν¬λ‚˜
μ•„ν”„κ°€λ‹ˆμŠ€νƒ„κ³Ό 같이 잘 μ•Œλ €μ§„ 곳도 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ,
00:35
we've got obvious things like Iraq and Afghanistan,
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00:37
but you've also got things like East Timor and the Solomon Islands,
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동 ν‹°λͺ¨λ₯΄λ‚˜ μ†”λ‘œλͺ¬ μ œλ„μ™€ 같은
잘 μ•Œλ €μ§€μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 곳듀도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:40
and so on.
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00:41
And a lot of these deployments
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그리고 κ·Όλž˜μ—
00:43
that we're sending military personnel to these days
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이듀 κ΅­κ°€κ°€ κ΅°λŒ€λ₯Ό 보낸 곳듀은
00:46
aren't traditional wars.
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전톡적인 μ „μŸμ§€μ—­μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€μš”.
00:48
In fact, a lot of the jobs we're asking military personnel to do
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파견된 κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œ 우리의 κ΅°μΈμ—κ²Œ
μ£Όμ–΄μ§€λŠ” λ§Žμ€ μž„λ¬΄λŠ” κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 본ꡭ인
00:52
in those situations
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00:53
are ones that, in their own countries -- Australia, the US and so on --
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ν˜Έμ£Όλ‚˜ λ―Έκ΅­ λ“±μ˜ λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œλŠ”
경찰관듀이 ν•˜λŠ” μΌμ΄μ§€μš”.
00:57
would actually be done by police officers.
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00:59
So there's a bunch of problems that come up
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이듀 ꡰ인은 ν›ˆλ ¨μ„
01:01
for military personnel in these situations,
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받지 μ•Šμ€ 일듀을 ν•˜κ³  있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
01:03
because they're doing things they haven't really been trained for.
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λ§Žμ€ λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ΄ 생기고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μžκ΅­μ—μ„œ λ™μΌν•œ
01:07
And they're doing things that those who do them in their own countries
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일을 ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
μ „ν˜€ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ κ΅μœ‘μ„ 받을 λΏλ§Œμ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
01:12
are trained very differently for and equipped very differently for.
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μ „ν˜€ λ‹€λ₯Έ μž₯λΉ„λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€μš”.
01:15
Now, there's a bunch of reasons why we send military personnel,
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그런데 이런 μž„λ¬΄λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄
κ²½μ°°κ΄€ λŒ€μ‹ μ— ꡰ인듀을
01:19
rather than police, to do these jobs.
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보내야 ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ” 많이 μžˆμ§€μš”.
01:21
If Australia had to send 1,000 people tomorrow
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예λ₯Όλ“€μ–΄ ν˜Έμ£Όκ°€ λ‹Ήμž₯
01:24
to West Papua, for example,
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내일 1000λͺ…을 μ„œ νŒŒν‘Έμ•„λ‘œ 보내야 ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
1000λͺ…μ˜ 경찰을
01:27
we don't have 1,000 police officers hanging around that could go tomorrow,
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보낼 λŠ₯λ ₯은 μ—†μ§€λ§Œ
01:30
and we do have 1,000 soldiers that could go.
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1000λͺ…μ˜ ꡰ인은 보낼 수 μžˆμ§€μš”.
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€λ₯Ό νŒŒκ²¬ν•΄μ•Όν•  λ•Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ΅°λŒ€λ₯Ό λ³΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:33
So when we have to send someone, we send the military --
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 그듀은 갈 μ€€λΉ„κ°€ 돼있고,
01:36
they're there, they're available,
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01:37
and heck, they're used to going off and doing these things
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갈 수 있으며, 외ꡭ에 κ°€μ„œ 그런 일을 ν•˜κ³ 
νŠΉλ³„ν•œ 지원이 없이 μƒμ‘΄ν•˜λŠ”λ°
01:40
and living by themselves
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01:41
and not having all this extra support.
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이미 μ΅μˆ™ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
01:43
So they are able to do it in that sense.
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그런 μ˜λ―Έμ—μ„œ ꡰ인은 주어진 μž„λ¬΄λ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•  수 있죠
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ꡰ인듀은 κ²½μ°°κ΄€κ³Ό λ™μΌν•œ ν›ˆλ ¨μ„ 받지 μ•Šμ•˜μ„
01:46
But they aren't trained the same way police officers are,
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λΏλ§Œμ•„λ‹ˆλΌ κ²½μ°°κ³Ό λ™μΌν•œ μž₯λΉ„λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ§€λ„ μ•Šμ£ 
01:49
and they're certainly not equipped the way police officers are,
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κ·Έλ ‡κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— ꡰ인이 κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ 주어진 μž„λ¬΄λ₯Ό
01:52
so this has raised a bunch of problems for them
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μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§Žμ€ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μ•ΌκΈ°λ˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:54
when dealing with these issues.
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01:55
One particular thing that's come up that I am especially interested in,
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μ œκ°€ νŠΉλ³„νžˆ 관심을 κ°€μ§€λŠ” κ²ƒμ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μž„λ¬΄λ‘œ κ΅°λŒ€λ₯Ό νŒŒκ²¬ν•  λ•Œ
01:59
is the question of whether,
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κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μž₯λΉ„λ₯Ό 쀄 것인지,
02:00
when we're sending military personnel to do these sorts of jobs,
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더 μžμ„Ένžˆ λ§ν•˜μžλ©΄ κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œλ„
경찰이 가지고 μžˆλŠ”
02:04
we ought to be equipping them differently;
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비살상 무기λ₯Ό
02:06
and in particular, whether we ought to be giving them access
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μ£ΌλƒλŠ” κ±°μ£ .
02:09
to some of the nonlethal weapons that police have.
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μ΄λ“€μ˜ μž„λ¬΄μ˜ μΌλΆ€λŠ” κ²½μ°°κ³Ό κ°™μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒ
02:11
Since they're doing some of the same jobs,
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κ²½μ°° μž₯λΉ„μ˜ 일뢀λ₯Ό μ€˜μ•Ό 할지 λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:13
maybe they should have some of those things.
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λ¬Όλ‘  그런 무기듀이 μ•„μ£Ό μœ μš©ν•  것이라고
02:15
And there's a range of places you'd think those things would be really useful.
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μƒκ°λ˜λŠ” 곳이 μ•„μ£Ό λ§Žμ§€μš”.
ꡰ용 κ²€λ¬Έμ†Œμ˜ 예λ₯Ό λ“€μžλ©΄,
02:19
For example, when you've got military checkpoints.
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02:21
If people are approaching these checkpoints
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μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ κ²€λ¬Έμ†Œλ‘œ λ‹€κ°€μ˜€λŠ”λ°
κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ λŒ€μ μΈ μ˜λ„κ°€ μžˆλŠ”μ§€
02:24
and the military personnel are unsure if this person's hostile or not,
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ν™•μ‹€ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€κ³  생각해 λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
02:27
say this person approaching here, and they say,
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이 사진에 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ ‘κ·Όν•˜λ©΄
그듀은 "이 μžκ°€ μžμ‚΄ ν­νƒ„ν…ŒλŸ¬λ²”μΈκ°€?
02:30
"Is this a suicide bomber or not?
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02:31
Is something hidden under their clothes?
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옷 밑에 숨긴게 μžˆλ‚˜? 무슨일이 일어날 것인가?"라고 μƒκ°ν•˜κ² μ£ .
02:33
What's going to happen?"
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ꡰ인듀은 이 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ λŒ€μ  μ˜λ„λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄μ£ .
02:34
They don't know if the person is hostile or not.
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λ§Œμ•½μ— 이 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ§€μ‹œμ— λΆˆμ‘ν•˜λ©΄
02:37
If the person doesn't follow directions, they may end up shooting them,
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ꡰ인듀은 κ²°κ΅­ 그듀을 총으둜 μˆμ„μ§€λ„
λͺ¨λ₯΄λ©°, 일단 총을 쏜 후에야
02:40
and then find out afterwards either, yes, we shot the right person,
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"λ§žμ•„, μ œλŒ€λ‘œ μˆλ‹€" ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ λ˜λŠ”
02:43
or, no, this was just an innocent person
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"이런! 상황을 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆλ˜
02:45
who didn't understand what was going on.
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죄 μ—†λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μˆκ΅¬λ‚˜"라고 깨달을지 λͺ¨λ₯΄μ£ .
02:47
So if they had nonlethal weapons, then they would say,
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λ§Œμ•½ ꡰ인듀이 비살상 무기λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄,
그듀은 "이런 μƒν™©μ—μ„œ 비살상 무기λ₯Ό μ“Έ 수 있겠ꡰ.
02:50
"We can use them in that sort of situation.
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λ§Œμ•½ μ λŒ€μ μ΄ μ•„λ‹Œ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ˜λ”λΌλ„,
02:52
If we shoot someone who wasn't hostile,
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μ΅œμ†Œν•œ 죽이진 μ•ŠμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒ"라고 μƒκ°ν•˜κ² μ§€μš”.
02:54
at least we haven't killed them."
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 상황을 생각해 보죠.
02:56
Another situation: this photo is from one of the missions
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이 사진은 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 1990λ…„ λŒ€ ν›„λ°˜μ—
02:59
in the Balkans in the late 1990s.
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λ°œμΉΈλ°˜λ„μ— μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ λ―Έμ…˜μ—μ„œ 찍은 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
그곳의 상황은 μ•½κ°„ λ‹¬λΌμ„œ
03:02
This situation is a little bit different,
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ꡰ인듀은 λˆ„κ°€ 적인지 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆκ³ , κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ
03:04
where maybe they know someone is hostile;
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총을 μ˜κ±°λ‚˜ 돌맹이λ₯Ό λ˜μ§€λŠ” λ“±μ˜ λͺ…λ°±ν•˜κ²Œ
03:06
they've got someone shooting at them
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03:07
or doing something else that's clearly hostile,
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μ λŒ€μ μΈ 행동을 ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ 어디에 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ..
03:09
throwing rocks, whatever.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그듀이 무λ ₯으둜 λŒ€μ‘ν•˜λ©΄, 주변에 μžˆλŠ”
03:11
But if they respond,
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03:12
there's a range of other people around who are innocent people,
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각쒅 죄 μ—†λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κΉŒμ§€λ„
03:15
who might also get hurt.
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03:16
It'd be collateral damage
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κ΅°μ—μ„œ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜κΈ° κΊΌλ €ν•˜λŠ” 'λΆ€μˆ˜μ μΈ ν”Όν•΄'에 νœ˜λ§λ €μ„œ λ‹€μΉ  수 μžˆμ§€μš”.
03:17
that the military often doesn't want to talk about.
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03:20
So again, they'd say, "With access to nonlethal weapons,
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κ·ΈλŸ΄λ•Œλ„ ꡰ인듀은 "μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ 비살상 무기가 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄,
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ λŒ€μ μΈ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ λ΄€μ„λ•Œ,
03:23
if we've got someone we know is hostile,
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μ μ ˆν•œ 쑰치λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•  수 있고 ,
03:25
we can do something to deal with them,
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주변에 μžˆλŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ ν”Όν•΄λ₯Ό 주더라도
03:27
and know that if we hit anyone else,
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03:28
at least we're not going to kill them."
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μ΅œμ†Œν•œ 죽이진 μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€."라고 생각할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ œμ•ˆμ΄ μžˆλŠ”λ° 그것은
03:31
Another suggestion has been,
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03:32
since we're putting so many robots in the field,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이미 μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ μ „μž₯μ—μ„œ
μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒ 자율 λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ μ „μž₯에
03:35
we can see the time coming
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03:36
where they're actually going to send robots out in the field
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νˆ¬μž…μ‹œν‚€λŠ” 것은 μ‹œκ°„λ¬Έμ œλΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:39
that are autonomous.
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그런 λ‘œλ΄‡λ“€μ€ μΈκ°„μ˜ κ°œμž… 없이 λˆ„κ΅¬λ₯Ό 쏠 지 λ˜λŠ”
03:40
They'll make their own decisions about who to shoot and who not to shoot,
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μ•ˆ 쏠 지λ₯Ό 슀슀둜 κ²°μ •ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:43
without a human in the loop.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, μ œκ°€ κ±΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” λ°”λŠ”
03:45
So the suggestion is,
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03:46
if we're going to send robots out and allow them to do this,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이런 μž„λ¬΄λ‘œ λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ 보낸닀면
λ‘œλ΄‡μ— 비살상 무기λ₯Ό μž₯μ°©μ‹œμΌœμ„œ
03:49
maybe it would be a good idea if they were armed with nonlethal weapons,
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λ§Œμ•½μ— 그듀이 잘λͺ»ν•΄μ„œ
μ£„μ—†λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μœλ‹€κ³  ν•˜λ”λΌλ„
03:54
so if the robot makes a bad decision and shoots the wrong person,
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μ΅œμ†Œν•œ 그듀을 μ£½μ΄μ§€λŠ” λͺ»ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜μžλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
again, they haven't actually killed them.
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ν˜„μž¬ μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 비살상 무기듀이 μžˆλŠ”λ°
03:59
Now, there's a whole range of different sorts of nonlethal weapons,
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κ·Έ 쀑 μΌλΆ€λŠ” μ§€κΈˆ λ‹Ήμž₯ μ‚¬μš© κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ³ ,
04:03
some of which are available now,
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μΌλΆ€λŠ” 개발 μ€‘μ΄μ§€μš”.
04:04
some of which they're developing.
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즉, μ—¬κΈ° μœ—μͺ½μ— μžˆλŠ” ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λ‚˜
04:06
You've got traditional things like pepper spray,
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μ•„λž«μͺ½μ— μžˆλŠ” ν…Œμ΄μ € 건과 같은
04:08
OC spray up at the top there,
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톡상적인 무기도 있고
04:10
or Tasers over here.
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였λ₯Έμͺ½ μœ„μ— λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 것은
04:12
The one on the top right here is actually a dazzling laser,
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μƒλŒ€λ°©μ„ μˆœκ°„μ μœΌλ‘œ 눈이 λ©€κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κ³ 
04:15
intended to just blind the person momentarily
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ν˜Όλž€μ‹œν‚€λŠ” λˆˆλΆ€μ‹  λ ˆμ΄μ €μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:17
and disorient them.
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또 산탄총 μ΄μ•Œμ— μžˆλŠ” μž¬λž˜μ‹ κΈˆμ† μ•Œκ°±μ΄λ₯Ό
04:19
You've got nonlethal shotgun rounds
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고무 μ•Œκ°±μ΄λ‘œ λŒ€μ²΄ν•œ
04:21
that contain rubber pellets instead of the traditional metal ones.
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살상 λŠ₯λ ₯이 μ—†λŠ” 산탄 μ΄μ•Œλ„ 있죠.
04:24
And this one in the middle here, the large truck,
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그리고 μ—¬κΈ° κ°€μš΄λ°μ— μžˆλŠ” μ»€λ‹€λž€ νŠΈλŸ­μ€
04:27
is called the Active Denial System,
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미ꡰ이 ν˜„μž¬ 연ꡬ쀑인
04:29
something the US military is working on at the moment.
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λŠ₯λ™ν•΄μ‚°μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ΄λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ§€μš”.
04:32
It's essentially a big microwave transmitter.
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이건 근본적으둜 κ±°λŒ€ν•œ κ·Ήμ΄ˆλ‹¨νŒŒ λ°œμƒκΈ°μ£ .
고전적인 κ°œλ…μ˜ μ—΄ κ΄‘μ„  μž₯비라고 ν•  수 있죠.
04:36
It's sort of your classic idea of a heat ray.
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이것은 μ—¬κΈ° μžˆλŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ–΄λ–€ 무기보닀
04:39
It goes out to a really long distance,
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04:41
compared to any of these other sorts of things.
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κΈ΄ 사거리λ₯Ό 가지고 있고,
이 광선에 μͺΌμ΄λŠ”μ‚¬λžŒμ€ λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜
04:44
Anybody who is hit with this feels a sudden burst of heat,
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κ°‘μž‘μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ λœ¨κ±°μ›€μ„ 느끼고
04:47
and just wants to get out of the way.
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κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜μ§€μš”.
이 λ¬΄κΈ°λŠ” μ „μžλ ˆμΈμ§€λ³΄λ‹€ 훨씬 더 λ³΅μž‘ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ,
04:50
It is a lot more sophisticated than a microwave oven,
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04:52
but it basically is boiling the water molecules
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근본적으둜 인체의 ν‘œν”Όμ— μžˆλŠ”
λ¬Ό λΆ„μžλ₯Ό λ“κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ΄μ£ .
04:55
in the very surface level of your skin.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μ—΄κΈ°λ₯Ό 느끼고,
04:57
So you feel this massive heat,
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"μ—¬κΈΈ λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜μ•Όκ² μ–΄"ν•˜λ©° λ†€λΌκ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ£ .
04:59
and you go, "I want to get out of the way."
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ°œλ°œμžλ“€μ€ μ λŒ€μ μΈ ꡰ쀑을
05:01
And they think this will be really useful
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05:03
in places where we need to clear a crowd out of a particular area,
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νŠΉμ • μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ μ«’μ•„λ‚΄λŠ” 데
μ•„μ£Ό μœ μš©ν•  것이라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€μš”.
05:07
if the crowd is being hostile.
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μ–΄λ–€ ν•œ 지역에 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ ‘κ·Όν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ§‰μœΌλ €κ³  ν•  λ•Œ
05:08
If we need to keep people away from a particular place,
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이런 무기λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 있죠
05:11
we can do that with these sorts of things.
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05:13
So there's a whole range of different nonlethal weapons
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ κ΅°μΈλ“€μ—κ²Œ 지급할 수 μžˆλŠ”
비살상 λ¬΄κΈ°μ—λŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ’…λ₯˜κ°€ 있고,
05:16
we could give military personnel,
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05:18
and there's a whole range of situations
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그런 무기듀을 μœ μš©ν•˜κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
05:20
where they're looking at them and saying,
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상황도 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ λ§Žμ§€μš”.
05:22
"These things would be really useful."
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μ œκ°€ μ•žμ„œ 말씀
05:24
But as I said,
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05:25
the military and the police are very different.
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λ“œλ¦°λ°”μ™€ 같이 κ΅°λŒ€μ™€ 경찰은
맀우 λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:28
(Laughter)
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05:29
Yes, you don't have to look very hard at this to recognize
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이 사진을 깊이 μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„λ„
μ΄λ“€μ˜ 상황이 맀우 λ‹€λ₯΄λ‹€λŠ” 것은 μ‰½κ²Œ μ•Œ 수 있죠.
05:32
that they might be very different.
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특히
05:34
In particular,
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05:35
the attitude to the use of force
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무λ ₯을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” νƒœλ„μ™€
05:37
and the way they're trained to use force
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무λ ₯을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ ν›ˆλ ¨ 방법듀이
05:39
is especially different.
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μ•„μ£Ό λ‹€λ₯΄μ§€μš”.
μ œκ°€ 경찰을
05:42
The police --
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05:43
and knowing because I've actually helped to train police --
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ν›ˆλ ¨μ‹œν‚¨ κ²½ν—˜μœΌλ‘œ 봐도 μ•„λŠ”λ°,
05:46
police, particularly in Western jurisdictions at least,
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특히 μ„œλΆ€ κ΄€ν• κ΅¬μ—­μ˜ 경찰듀은
05:49
are trained to De-escalate force,
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무λ ₯의 μ‚¬μš©μ„ 쀄이고
κ°€λŠ₯ν•œν•œ μ–΄λ””μ—μ„œλ“ μ§€
05:53
to try and avoid using force wherever possible,
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무λ ₯의 μ‚¬μš©μ„ ν”Όν•˜λ €κ³  λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜κ³ 
05:56
and to use lethal force only as an absolute last resort.
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살상 λ¬΄κΈ°λŠ” 였직 μ ˆλŒ€μ μœΌλ‘œ λΆˆκ°€ν”Όν•œ
μ΅œν›„μ˜ μˆ˜λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œλ§Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λΌκ³  ν›ˆλ ¨λ°›μ§€μš”.
06:01
Military personnel are being trained for war.
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ꡰ인듀은 μ „μŸμ— λŒ€λΉ„ν•œ ν›ˆλ ¨μ„ λ°›μ§€μš”.
06:04
So they're trained that, as soon as things go bad,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 상황이 μœ„κΈ‰ν•΄ μ§€λŠ” μˆœκ°„
06:07
their first response is lethal force.
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살상 무기둜 λŒ€μ‘ν•˜λΌκ³  ν›ˆλ ¨ λ°›μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:11
The moment the fecal matter hits the rotating turbine --
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μœ„κΈ‰ν•œ 상황이 생기면
06:14
(Laughter)
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06:15
you can start shooting at people.
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κ·Έ μˆœκ°„μ— μ μ—κ²Œ 총을 μ˜λŠ”κ±°μ£ .
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 살상 무기의 μ‚¬μš©μ— λŒ€ν•œ
06:19
So their attitudes
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06:20
to the use of lethal force are very different,
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ νƒœλ„λŠ” 맀우 λ‹€λ₯΄λ©°,
비살상 무기에 λŒ€ν•œ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 사고방식 μ—­μ‹œ
06:23
and I think it's fairly obvious
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06:24
that their attitude to the use of nonlethal weapons
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κ²½μ°°κ³ΌλŠ” λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ 맀우 λ‹€λ₯Ό 것이라고
06:27
would also be very different from what it is with the police.
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μ €λŠ” μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
그리고 경찰이 비살상 무기λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 방법에 λŒ€ν•΄
06:31
And since we've already had so many problems
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μ—¬λŸ¬λ©΄μ—μ„œ λ§Žμ€ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ 것에 λΉ„μΆ”μ–΄ λ³Όλ•Œ,
06:33
with police use of nonlethal weapons in various ways,
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ꡰ인듀이 그런 무기λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄ μ–΄λ–€ κ²°κ³Όκ°€
06:36
I thought it would be a good idea to look at some of those things
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λ‚˜μ˜¬μ§€ 생각해 λ³Ό κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:39
and relate it to the military context.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ 이것에 λŒ€ν•œ 연ꡬλ₯Ό ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ„λ•Œ
06:41
I was very surprised when I started to do this to see that, in fact,
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ꡰ인이 비살상 무기λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것을
06:44
even the people who advocated the use of nonlethal weapons by the military
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μ˜Ήν˜Έν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ„ 그런 연ꡬλ₯Ό ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λŠ”
사싀을 λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κ³  μ €λŠ” μ •λ§λ‘œ λ†€λžμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
06:48
hadn't actually done that.
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06:49
They generally seemed to think,
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그듀은 일반적으둜
06:51
"Why would we care what's happened with the police?
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"음, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ™œ 경찰에 κ΄€λ ¨λœ 일에 μ‹ κ²½μ¨μ•Όν•˜μ§€?
06:53
We're looking at something different,"
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우리의 상황은 μ’€ ν‹€λ €"라고 μƒκ°ν•˜λ©°
06:55
and didn't seem to recognize
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사싀은 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 거의 λ˜‘κ°™μ€ κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ”
06:57
they were looking at pretty much the same stuff.
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것을 깨닫지 λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” 것 κ°™μ•˜μ§€μš”.
06:59
So I started to investigate some of those issues,
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이것에 κ΄€λ ¨λœ λͺ‡κ°œμ˜ λ¬Έμ œμ μ„ μ‘°μ‚¬ν•˜λ©°
경찰이 비살상 무기λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°
07:02
and have a look at the way police use nonlethal weapons
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μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ„ λ‹Ήμ‹œ 그것을
07:06
when they're introduced,
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμœΌλ©° μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 그런
07:07
and some of the problems that might arise out of those sorts of things
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무기듀을 λ„μž…ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ μ–΄λ–€ λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ΄
07:10
when they actually do introduce them.
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μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄€μ§€μš”.
07:12
And of course, being Australian,
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그리고 λ¬Όλ‘  μ œκ°€ 호주 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
ν˜Έμ£Όμ— 비살상 무기가 μ†Œκ°œ λ˜μ—ˆλ˜
07:15
I started looking at stuff in Australia, knowing from my own experience
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각 μ‹œμ μ—μ„œ ν˜Έμ£Όμ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚¬λ˜ 사건듀을
07:19
of various times when nonlethal weapons have been introduced in Australia.
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제 개인적인 κ²½ν—˜κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜μ§€μš”.
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ νŠΉλ³„νžˆ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Έ 것은
07:23
One of the things I particularly looked at was the use of OC spray --
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호주 경찰듀에 μ˜ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©λœ
07:26
oleoresin capsicum spray, pepper spray --
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O.C.(Oleoresin Capsicum) μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄,
즉, ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄μ˜€λŠ”λ°
07:29
by Australian police,
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그것이 μ–Έμ œ λ„μž…λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€, μ‚¬μš© κ²°κ³Όκ°€
07:31
and seeing what had happened when that had been introduced,
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μ–΄λ• λŠ”μ§€ 등에 λŒ€ν•œ λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ„ μ‘°μ‚¬ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
07:33
and those sorts of issues.
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그리고 μ œκ°€ μ°Ύμ•„λ‚Έ 연ꡬ 쀑
07:35
And one study that I found, a particularly interesting one,
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νŠΉλ³„νžˆ ν₯미있던 μ—°κ΅¬λŠ”
07:38
was in Queensland,
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ν€ΈμŠ€λžœλ“œμ— κ΄€ν•œ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆλŠ”λ°
07:40
because they had a trial period for the use of pepper spray
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κ±°κΈ°μ„œλŠ” ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λ₯Ό μ „λ°˜μ μœΌλ‘œ
07:43
before they actually introduced it more broadly.
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μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ° 전에 μ‹œν—˜κΈ°κ°„μ„ κ°€μ‘Œμ—ˆμ£ .
07:46
And I went and had a look at some of the figures here.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 그곳의 λͺ‡ λͺ‡ ν†΅κ³„μˆ˜μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜μ§€μš”.
07:49
Now, when they introduced OC spray in Queensland,
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ν€ΈμŠ€λžœλ“œμ—μ„œ ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λ₯Ό λ„μž…ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
경찰의 μž…μž₯은 μ•„μ£Ό λͺ…λ°±ν–ˆμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
07:52
they were really explicit.
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07:53
The police minister's and a heap of public statements were made about it.
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κ²½μ°°μ²­μž₯은 κ·Έκ²ƒμ˜ μ‚¬μš©μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 산더미 같은 사싀을 λ°œν‘œν–ˆμ§€μš”.
그듀은 "이것은 경찰이
07:57
They were saying, "This is explicitly intended to give police an option
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κ³ ν•¨μΉ˜λŠ” 것과 λ°œν¬ν•˜λŠ”κ²ƒ 간에 선택을 μ£ΌκΈ° μœ„ν•΄
08:00
between shouting and shooting.
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νŠΉλ³„νžˆ κ³ μ•ˆλœ 것이닀.
μ΄λŠ” 경찰듀이 κ³Όκ±°μ—λŠ” λ°œν¬ν–ˆμ„ μƒν™©μ—μ„œ
08:04
This is something they can use instead of a firearm
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08:06
in situations where they would have previously had to shoot someone."
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발포 λŒ€μ‹ μ— μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 것이닀"라고 λ§ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 경찰의 λ°œν¬μ— λŒ€ν•œ 톡계λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄€μ§€μš”.
08:10
So I looked at all of the police shooting figures.
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08:12
And you can't actually find them very easily
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 각각의 호주의 주듀에 λŒ€ν•œ μˆ˜μΉ˜λ“€μ„
08:14
for individual Australian states;
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μ°ΎλŠ”κ±΄ μ‰¬μš΄ 일이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:16
I could only find these.
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μ œκ°€ 찾을 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ 건 이게 μ „λΆ€μ˜€μ£ .
08:18
This is from an Australian Institute of Criminology report.
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이 μžλ£ŒλŠ” ν˜Έμ£Όν˜•μ‚¬μ •μ±…μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ˜ λ³΄κ³ μ„œμ—μ„œ λ°œμ·Œν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
κ·Έ λ³΄κ³ μ„œμ˜ μž‘μ€ κΈ€μž λΆ€λΆ„μ—μ„œ μ νžŒλ°”μ™€ 같이, μœ„μ—μ„œλΆ€ν„° 읽으면
08:21
You can see, in the fine print at the top:
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"κ²½μ°° λ°œν¬μ— μ˜ν•œ 사망"은 단지 κ²½μ°°μ—κ²Œ ν”Όκ²©λ‹Ήν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
08:23
"Police shooting deaths" means not just people shot by police,
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κ²½μ°°μ•žμ—μ„œ μžμ‚΄ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κΉŒμ§€ ν¬ν•¨ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:26
but people who have shot themselves in the presence of police.
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08:29
But these are the figures across the entire country,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 ν†΅κ³„μˆ˜μΉ˜λŠ” 전ꡭ에 λŒ€ν•œ μˆ˜μΉ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
이 λΉ¨κ°„ ν™”μ‚΄ν‘œλŠ”
08:32
and the red arrow represents the point where Queensland said,
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ν€ΈμŠ€λžœλ“œκ°€
08:35
"Yes, this is where we're going to give
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"λ„€, λ°”λ‘œ μ—¬κΈ°κ°€ μ „κ΅­μ˜ κ²½μ°°κ΄€λ“€μ—κ²Œ ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λ₯Ό
08:37
all police officers across the entire state
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μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆκ²Œν•œλ‹€"라고 λ°œν‘œν•œ μ‹œμ μ΄μ£ .
08:39
access to OC spray."
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08:40
So you can see there were six deaths sort of leading up to it,
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό κ·Έ μ‹œμ κΉŒμ§€λŠ” μ˜€λžœλ™μ•ˆ 맀년
08:43
every year for a number of years.
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6λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λ§μžκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:45
There was a spike a few years before,
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λͺ‡ λ…„ 전에 μˆ˜μΉ˜κ°€ 크게 μ†Ÿμ€ 적이 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
08:47
but that wasn't actually Queensland.
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ν€ΈμŠ€λžœλ“œλŠ” μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:49
Anyone know where that was?
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μ–΄λ””μ˜€λŠ”μ§€ μ§μž‘μ΄ κ°€μ‹œλ‚˜μš”? 포트 μ•„μ„œλŠ” μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆκ³ μš”
08:51
Wasn't Port Arthur, no.
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λΉ…ν† λ¦¬μ•„μš”? λ„€, λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:53
Victoria? Yes, correct.
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κΈ‰κ²©ν•œ μ¦κ°€ν•œ 곳은 λ°”λ‘œ λΉ…ν† λ¦¬μ•„μ£Όμ˜€μ£ .
08:55
That spike was all Victoria.
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08:57
(Laughter)
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즉, κ·Έ λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
08:58
So it wasn't that Queensland had a particular problem
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비단 ν€ΈμŠ€λžœλ“œλ§Œμ˜ λ¬Έμ œλŠ” μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
09:00
with deaths from police shootings and so on.
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09:03
So, six shootings across the whole country,
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κ·Έ μ΄μ „μ˜ λͺ‡ λ…„λ™μ•ˆ κ½€ μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ
μ „κ΅­μ—μ„œ 총격 사건이 맀년 6건 μžˆμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
09:06
fairly consistently over the years before.
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κ·Έ λ‹€μŒ 두 ν•΄λŠ” 그듀이 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆλ˜ 2001λ…„, 2002λ…„μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:08
The next two years were the years they studied -- 2001, 2002.
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경찰듀이 ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ†Œκ°œν–ˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό μ°Έμž‘ν•  λ•Œ
09:11
Anyone want to take a stab at the number of times,
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κ·Έ κΈ°κ°„λ™μ•ˆ ν€ΈμŠ€λžœλ“œμ˜ 경찰듀이 ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λ₯Ό
09:14
given how they've introduced this,
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09:15
the number of times police in Queensland used OC spray in that period?
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λͺ‡ λ²ˆμ΄λ‚˜ μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ λ§žμΆ°λ³΄μ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?
100λ²ˆμš”? 1번, 3번?
09:19
Hundreds? One? Three?
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1000번 정도면 슬슬 정닡에 κ°€κΉŒμ›Œ μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:21
A thousand is getting better.
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09:25
Explicitly introduced as an alternative to the use of lethal force --
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ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λŠ” 살상 무기의 λŒ€μ•ˆμœΌλ‘œ,
즉, 경찰의 고함과 발포 λŒ€μ‹  μ‚¬μš©λ˜λ„λ‘
09:29
an alternative between shouting and shooting.
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νŠΉλ³„νžˆ μ†Œκ°œλλ˜ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
09:32
I'm going to go out on a limb here
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ œκ°€ 제 λͺ©μ„ λ‚΄λ°€κ³  ν•œλ§ˆλ”” ν•˜κ² λŠ”λ°
09:34
and say that if Queensland police didn't have OC spray,
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ν€ΈμŠ€λžœλ“œ 경찰이 ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λ₯Ό λ„μž…ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•  λ•Œ
09:37
they wouldn't have shot 2,226 people
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κ·Έ 2λ…„ λ™μ•ˆμ— 경찰이 2,226λͺ…μ—κ²Œ 총을 μ˜μ§€λŠ”
09:40
in those two years.
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μ•Šμ•˜μ„ 거라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:41
(Laughter)
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사싀 그듀이 μˆ˜μ§‘ν•˜κ³ 
09:44
In fact, if you have a look at the studies they were looking at,
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κ²€μ‚¬ν•˜λ˜ 자료λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ©΄
09:47
the material they were collecting and examining,
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ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄κ°€ μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ—ˆλ˜ 경우의
μ•½ 15%μ—λ§Œ μš©μ˜μžλ“€λ§Œ
09:51
you can see the suspects were only armed in about 15 percent of cases
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무기λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을
09:55
where OC spray was used.
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μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λŠ” 이 κΈ°κ°„λ™μ•ˆ μƒμŠ΅μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ—ˆκ³ ,
09:58
It was routinely being used in this period,
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10:00
and, of course, still is routinely used --
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λ¬Όλ‘  μ§€κΈˆλ„ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μ΄μ£ .
10:02
because there were no complaints about it,
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이 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ μ— κ΄€ν•œ ν•œ ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄μ˜
μ‚¬μš©μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λŒ€μ€‘μœΌλ‘œ λΆ€ν„° 뢈만이 μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
10:05
not within the context of this study, anyway --
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ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λŠ” 폭λ ₯적인 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό
10:08
it was routinely being used to deal with people who were violent,
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폭λ ₯을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  κ°€λŠ₯성이 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„
λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” λͺ©μ μœΌλ‘œ μƒμŠ΅μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ—ˆκ³ ,
10:12
who were potentially violent,
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10:13
and also quite frequently used
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λΏλ§Œμ•„λ‹ˆλΌ κ·Έλƒ₯ 쑰용히 경찰의
말을 듣지 μ•ŠλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œλ„
10:16
to deal with people who were simply passively noncompliant.
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λΉˆλ²ˆν•˜κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
10:21
This person is not doing anything violent,
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μ „ν˜€ 폭λ ₯적인 행동은 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ
10:23
but they just won't do what we want them to.
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ν•˜λΌλŠ”λŒ€λ‘œ λ”°λΌν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ„ 상상해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
10:25
They're not obeying the directions we're giving them,
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경찰이 λ‚΄λ¦° λͺ…령을 λ”°λ₯΄μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 경우
경찰이 ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λ₯Ό μ˜λŠ” κ±°μ£ 
10:28
so we'll give them a shot of the OC spray -- that'll speed them up.
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그러면 일을 μ²˜λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 속도도 빨라지고 , λͺ¨λ“ κ²Œ 잘 ν•΄κ²°λœλ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
10:31
Everything will work out better that way.
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10:33
This was something explicitly introduced
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ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λŠ” λͺ…λ°±ν•˜κ²Œ ν™”κΈ°μ˜ λŒ€μ²΄λ¬Όλ‘œ
λ„μž…λœ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
10:36
to be an alternative to firearms,
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κ΄‘λ²”μœ„ν•œ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ„
10:38
but it's being routinely used
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ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μƒμŠ΅μ μœΌλ‘œ
10:40
to deal with a whole range of other sorts of problems.
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μ‚¬μš©λ˜κ³  μžˆμ§€μš”.
10:43
Now one of the particular issues that comes up
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ꡰ의 비살상 무기의 μ‚¬μš©μ—
λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ λ§ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
10:46
with military use of nonlethal weapons --
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10:48
and people actually say, "There might be some problems" --
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"이봐, μ–΄λ”˜κ°€ 잘λͺ»λœλ°κ°€ μžˆλŠ”κ²ƒ 같은데"라고
10:51
there's a couple of particular problems that get focused on.
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말할 λ•Œ μ œκΈ°λ˜λŠ”
이에 κ΄€λ ¨λœ λ¬Έμ œμ€‘μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” 비살상 무기가
10:55
One of those problems is: nonlethal weapons may be used indiscriminately.
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λ¬΄λΆ„λ³„ν•˜κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©λ  지 λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
κ΅°μ—μ„œλ¬΄λ ₯의 μ‚¬μš©μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ›μΉ™μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
11:00
One of the fundamental principles of military use of force
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뢄별λ ₯이 μžˆμ–΄μ•Όν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:03
is that you have to be discriminate;
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λˆ„κ΅¬λ₯Ό μ˜λŠ” 지 맀우 쑰심해야 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
11:05
you have to be careful about who you're shooting at.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 비살상 무기에 λŒ€ν•΄ 제기된 문제의 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
11:08
So one of the problems suggested with nonlethal weapons
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11:10
is that they might be used indiscriminately --
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κ·Έ 무기듀이 λ¬΄λΆ„λ³„ν•˜κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©λ  지도 λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€λŠ” 것,
즉 살상에 λŒ€ν•΄ 크게 κ±±μ •ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
11:13
that you would use them against a whole range of people,
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:15
because you don't have to worry so much anymore.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ 사건이
11:18
And in fact, one particular instance where I think that actually happens
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λ°œμƒν–ˆλ˜ μΌλ‘€λ‘œ 2002λ…„ λͺ¨μŠ€ν¬λ°”μ˜
11:21
was the Dubrovka Theater siege in Moscow in 2002,
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λ‘λΈŒλ‘œλΈŒμΉ΄ κ·Ήμž₯ μΈμ§ˆμ‚¬κ±΄μ„ λ“€ 수 μžˆλŠ”λ°
11:24
which probably a lot of you, unlike most of my students at ADFA,
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ADFA κ΅°μ‚¬λŒ€ν•™μ— μžˆλŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 제 ν•™μƒλ“€κ³ΌλŠ” 달리 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€ 쀑
λ‚˜μ΄κ°€ μ’€ λ“œμ‹  뢄듀은 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹€μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:27
are old enough to remember.
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체첸 반ꡰ이 κ·Ήμž₯으둜 λ“€μ–΄μ™€μ„œ κ·Ήμž₯ 전체λ₯Ό μ λ Ήν–ˆμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
11:29
So, Chechens had come in and taken control of the theater.
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그듀은 700λͺ… μ •λ„μ˜ μΈμ§ˆμ„ λΆ™μž‘κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
11:32
They were holding something like 700 people hostage.
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ ν’€μ–΄μ€€ 후에도
11:35
They'd released a bunch of people,
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그듀은 μ—¬μ „νžˆ 700μ—¬ λͺ…을 인질둜 λΆ™μž‘κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ£ 
11:37
but they still had about 700 people hostage.
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11:39
And the Russian military police special forces, "Spetsnaz,"
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그런데 λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„μ˜ 특수 ν—Œλ³‘λΆ€λŒ€μ˜€λ˜
μŠ€νŽ˜μΈ λ‚˜μ¦ˆκ°€ νˆ¬μž…λ˜μ–΄μ„œ
11:44
came in and stormed the theater.
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κ·Ήμž₯을 μ²˜λ“€μ–΄κ°”μ§€μš”.
11:46
The way they did it was to pump the whole thing full of anesthetic gas.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ κ·Ήμž₯ 전체λ₯Ό 마취 κ°€μŠ€λ‘œ μ±„μ› μ§€μš”.
κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό λ§Žμ€ μΈμ§ˆλ“€μ΄
11:50
And it turned out that lots of the hostages died
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κ°€μŠ€λ₯Ό λ§ˆμ‹œκ³  죽은 것이
11:54
as a result of inhaling the gas.
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λ°ν˜€μ‘Œμ§€μš”.
11:57
It was used indiscriminately.
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κ°€μŠ€κ°€ λ¬΄λΆ„λ³„ν•˜κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ—ˆλ˜ κ±°μ£ 
11:59
They pumped the whole theater full of the gas.
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μŠ€νŽ˜μΈ λ‚˜μ¦ˆκ°€ κ·Ήμž₯ μ•ˆμœΌλ‘œ 마취 κ°€μŠ€λ₯Ό λΏœμ–΄ λ„£μ—ˆλ˜ κ±°μ£ .
12:02
And it's no surprise that people died,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Ήμž₯μ•ˆμ— μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
μ–΄λŠ μ •λ„μ˜ κ°€μŠ€λ₯Ό ν‘μž…ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€,
12:05
because you don't know how much gas each person is going to inhale,
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λ˜λŠ” μ˜μ‹μ„ μžƒμ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ μ–΄λ–€ μžμ„Έλ‘œ
12:08
what position they'll fall in when they become unconscious, and so on.
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μ“°λŸ¬μ‘ŒλŠ”μ§€ 등을 λͺ¨λ₯΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ£½μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것은 λ†€λΌμš΄ 사싀이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€μš”.
12:12
There were, in fact, only a couple of people who got shot
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사싀 이 μ‚¬κ±΄μ—μ„œ 총에 λ§žμ•„ 죽은 μ‚¬λžŒμ€
12:15
in this episode.
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뢈과 두λͺ… 밖에 μ•ˆλ˜μ§€μš”.
12:17
So when they had a look at it afterward,
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후에 μ§„ν–‰λœ 쑰사에 μ˜ν•˜λ©΄
12:19
there were only a couple of people who'd apparently been shot,
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μΈμ§ˆλ²”μ˜ 총에 λ§žμ•˜κ±°λ‚˜
κ·Έ 상황을 μˆ˜μŠ΅ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ νˆ¬μž…λœ 경찰의
12:22
by the hostage takers or by the police forces
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총에 λ§žμ•„ μ‚¬λ§ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ€
12:25
trying to deal with the situation.
285
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뢈과 두λͺ… 밖에 λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
12:27
Virtually everybody that got killed
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죽은 μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 거의 μ „λΆ€λŠ”
12:29
got killed from inhaling the gas.
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κ°€μŠ€ μ€‘λ…μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬λ§ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
인질극의 총 ν¬μƒμž μˆ˜λŠ”
12:32
The final toll of hostages is a little unclear,
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λΆ„λͺ…ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ
12:35
but it's certainly a few more than that,
289
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ν™•μ‹€νžˆ μ € μˆ«μžλ³΄λ‹€λŠ” λ§Žμ•˜μ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:37
because other people died over the next few days.
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έ ν›„ μˆ˜μΌλ‚΄μ— 죽은 μ‚¬λžŒλ„ μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
이 사건은 무기의
12:40
So this was one problem they talked about,
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λ¬΄λΆ„λ³„ν•œ μ‚¬μš©μ˜μΌλ‘€μ§€μš”.
12:42
that it might be used indiscriminately.
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12:43
A second problem people sometimes talk about
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ꡰ에 μ˜ν•œ 비살상 무기의 μ‚¬μš©μ— λŒ€ν•΄
μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ—Όλ €ν•˜λŠ” 두 번째 λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
12:46
with military use of nonlethal weapons --
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ν™”ν•™λ¬΄κΈ°κΈˆμ§€μ‘°μ•½μ΄ ν­λ™μ§„μ••μš© 화학물을
12:48
and it's actually why, in the chemical weapons convention,
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μ „μŸμš© 무기둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”κ²ƒμ„ λͺ…λ°±ν•˜κ²Œ κΈˆμ§€ν•˜λŠ”
12:51
it's very clear that you can't use riot-control agents
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μ΄μœ μ™€ 같은 것인데 그것은
12:53
as weapons of warfare --
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λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ 비살상 무기듀이 살상 λ¬΄κΈ°μ˜λŒ€μ•ˆμ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
12:55
is that it's seen that sometimes nonlethal weapons might be used
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살상 무기의 효과λ₯Ό μ¦ν­μ‹œν‚€λŠ” μˆ˜λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œ
12:59
not as an alternative to lethal force,
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μ‚¬μš©λ  수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:01
but as a lethal force multiplier:
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13:03
that you use nonlethal weapons first,
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즉, 살상 무기λ₯Ό 더 효과적으둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
13:05
so your lethal weapons will actually be more effective.
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비살상 무기λ₯Ό λ¨Όμ € μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ„œ
곡격의 λŒ€μƒμ΄ 될 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
13:09
The people you'll be shooting at won't be able to get out of the way.
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도망 가지 λͺ»ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:12
They won't be aware of what's happening, and you can kill them better.
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그듀은 무슨 일이 λ²Œμ–΄μ§€κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯Όν…Œλ‹ˆκΉŒ 더 죽이기 μ‰½κ²Œ 되죠.
κ·Έ κ·Ήμž₯μ—μ„œ λ²Œμ–΄μ‘Œλ˜ 상항이 λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έλž¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€..
13:16
And that's exactly what happened here.
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13:18
The hostage takers who had been rendered unconscious by the gas
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마취 κ°€μŠ€μ— μ˜ν•΄ μ˜μ‹μ„ μžƒμ—ˆλ˜ μΈμ§ˆλ²”λ“€μ€
κ΅¬μ†λœ 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
13:22
were not taken into custody;
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13:23
they were simply shot in the head.
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κ·Έλƒ₯ 머리에 총을 λ§žμ•˜μ§€μš”.
13:26
So this nonlethal weapon was being used in this case
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즉, 이 κ·Ήμž₯의 경우
비살상 무기가
13:30
as a lethal force multiplier,
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살상을 더 효과적으둜
13:33
to make killing more effective in this particular situation.
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ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μš©λ„λ‘œ
μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ—ˆλ˜ 것이죠.
13:38
Another problem I want to quickly mention
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그리고 μ œκ°€ κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜κ²Œ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜κ³  싢은
λ‹€λ₯Έ 문제의 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” 비살상 무기의
13:41
is that there's a whole heap of problems
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μ‚¬μš©λ²•μ„ 배우고, ν›ˆλ ¨μ„ λ°›κ³ ,
13:43
with the way people are actually taught to use nonlethal weapons,
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μ‹œν—˜μ„ λ°›λŠ” 과정에 ν—ˆλ‹€ν•œ λ¬Έμ œκ°€
13:46
and get trained about them and then tested and so on.
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μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것인데 κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” 그듀이 μ’‹κ³  μ•ˆμ „ν•œ
ν™˜κ²½ν•˜μ—μ„œ ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈλ₯Ό λ°›κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
13:49
Because they're tested in nice, safe environments,
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그리고 그듀은 이와 같이 무슨 일이 λ²Œμ–΄μ§ˆμ§€ λ»”ν•œ
13:52
and are taught to use them in nice, safe environments --
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13:54
like this, where you can see exactly what's going on.
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μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ³  쒋은 ν™˜κ²½μ†μ—μ„œ 무기 μ‚¬μš©λ²•μ„ λ°°μš°μ§€μš”.
ν›„μΆ” μŠ€ν”„λ ˆμ΄λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ€ μ˜€μ—Όλ˜μ§€ μ•Šκ²Œ
13:58
The person spraying the OC spray is wearing a rubber glove
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고무μž₯갑을 끼고 κ·ΈλŸ°μ‹μ΄μ£ . ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ‹€μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ
14:01
to make sure they don't get contaminated, and so on.
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κ·ΈλŸ°μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” κ²½μš°λŠ” μ „ν˜€ μ—†μ£ .
14:03
But they're never used like that.
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μ‹€μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œλŠ”
14:05
They're used out in the real world,
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즉 μ—¬κΈ° ν…μ‚¬μŠ€μ˜ 경우처럼 μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ§€μš”.
14:07
like in Texas, like this:
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14:09
["Police Taser Great-Grandmother During Traffic Stop"]
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이 νŠΉλ³„ν•œ μ‚¬λ‘€λŠ” 제 ν₯λ―Έλ₯Ό
14:12
I confess, this particular case was one that piqued my interest in this.
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바짝 뢈러 일으켰던 κ²ƒμž„μ„ κ³ λ°±ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:15
It happened while I was working as a research fellow
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이것은 μ œκ°€ λ―Έκ΅­ ν•΄κ΅°μ‚¬κ΄€ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ μ—°κ΅¬μ›μœΌλ‘œ μΌν–ˆμ„λ•Œ μƒκ²Όλ˜ 일이죠.
14:18
at the US Naval Academy.
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μ–΄λ–€ μ—¬μžκ°€ κ²½μ°°κ΄€κ³Ό 싀갱이λ₯Ό λ²ŒμΈλ‹€λŠ”
14:19
News reports started coming up about this situation,
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λ‰΄μŠ€ 보도가 λ“€μ–΄μ˜€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
14:22
where this woman was arguing with a police officer.
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14:24
She wasn't violent.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 폭λ ₯적이지 μ•Šμ•˜κ³ 
14:26
In fact, he was probably six inches taller than me,
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사싀, 경찰관은 저보닀 μ•„λ§ˆ 6인치 μ •λ„λŠ” 더 μ»Έμ—ˆκ³ ,
κ·Έ μ—¬μžλŠ” 이정도 ν‚€μ˜€μ§€μš”.
14:29
and she was about this tall.
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14:31
And eventually she said to him,
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그리고 λ“œλ””μ–΄ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ²½μ°°κ΄€μ—κ²Œ
14:33
"Well, I'm going to get back in my car."
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"λ‚œ 이제 λ‚΄ 차둜 λŒμ•„κ°€κ² μ–΄μš”"라고 λ§ν–ˆκ³ ,
14:35
And he says, "If you get back in your car, I'm going to tase you."
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κ·Έ 경찰관은 "차둜 λŒμ•„κ°€λ©΄ ν…Œμ΄μ €κ±΄μ„ μ˜κ² μ†Œ"라고 λ§ν–ˆμ£ .
그러자 κ·Έλ…€λŠ” "μ•„, λ§˜λŒ€λ‘œ ν•΄μš”. μ΄μš”"라고 λ§ν–ˆκ³  κ·ΈλŠ” 쐈죠.
14:38
And she says, "Oh, go ahead. Tase me." And so he does.
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그리고 이 λͺ¨λ“  상황은
14:41
And it's all captured by the video camera
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κ²½μ°°μ°¨ μ•žμ— μžˆλŠ” 카메라에 λ‹€ λ…Ήν™”κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
14:43
running in the front of the police car.
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κ·Έ μ—¬μžλŠ” 72μ„Έμ˜€λŠ”λ°
14:47
So, she's 72.
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그게 κ·Έλ…€μ™€μ˜ 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” κ°€μž₯ μ μ ˆν•œ λ°©λ²•μ΄λΌλŠ” κ±°μ˜€μ§€μš”.
14:50
And it's seen that this is the most appropriate way of dealing with her.
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14:53
And there are other examples of the same sorts of things,
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그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€κ»˜μ„œ
"μ •λ§λ‘œ μ΄λŸ΄λ•Œ 비살상 무기λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”κ²Œ μ μ ˆν•œκ°€?"λΌλŠ”
14:56
where you think,
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생각을 ν•˜μ‹œκ²Œ λ§Œλ“€λ§Œ ν•œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 사둀λ₯Ό λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬μ§€μš”.
14:58
"Is this really an appropriate way to use nonlethal weapons?"
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"κ²½μ°°μ„œμž₯이 14μ‚΄ μ†Œλ…€μ˜ 머리에 ν…Œμ΄μ € 건을 μ˜λ‹€"
15:01
"Police Chief Fires Taser into 14 year old Girl's Head."
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"κ·Έ μ• κ°€ 도망가고 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 도리가 μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€."
15:04
"She was running away. What else was I suppose to do?"
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
15:06
(Laughter)
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15:08
Or Florida:
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ‘œλŠ” ν”Œλ‘œλ¦¬λ‹€μ—μ„œ
15:10
"Police Taser 6-year-old Boy at Elementary School."
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"경찰관이 μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ 6μ‚΄ μ†Œλ…„μ„ μ˜λ‹€" λΌλŠ”
15:13
And they clearly learned a lot from it, because in the same district:
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보고가 μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ° 경찰은 κ·Έ μ‚¬κ±΄μœΌλ‘œ λΆ€ν„°
큰 κ΅ν›ˆμ„ λ°›μ•˜λ˜ λͺ¨μ–‘인지 λ˜‘ 같은 κ΅¬μ—­μ—μ„œ 또
15:17
"Police Review Policy After Children Shocked:
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"ν…Œμ΄μ € 아동 사건후 ν…Œμ΄μ € μ •μ±… μž¬κ²€ν† ν•˜λ‹€:
뢈과 수주 μ•ˆμ— 두 번째 아동이 ν…Œμ΄μ €κ±΄μ„ λ§žλ‹€"
15:20
2nd Child Shocked by Taser Stun Gun Within Weeks."
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15:22
Same police district.
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λ˜‘κ°™μ€ κ΅¬μ—­μ—μ„œ 말이죠
15:24
Another child within weeks of Tasering the six-year-old boy.
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6μ‚΄λ‚œ 아이λ₯Ό μ˜κ³ λ‚œ 뢈과 수주 μ•ˆμ— 아이λ₯Ό 또 쏜거죠.
이건 λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œλ§Œ 이런 일듀이 생긴닀고
15:28
Just in case you think it's only going to happen in the United States,
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μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλŠ” 뢄듀을 μœ„ν•΄ μ€€λΉ„ν•œ 건데
15:31
it happened in Canada as well:
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이건 μΉ΄λ‚˜λ‹€μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚¬λ˜ μΌμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:33
["Mounties Zap 11-year-old Boy"]
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이건 제 λ™λ£Œκ°€
15:35
And a colleague sent me this one from London:
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λŸ°λ˜μ—μ„œ λ³΄λ‚΄μ˜¨ 이야긴데
15:37
["Arrested Man, 82, Shot with Taser"]
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사싀은 λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν–ˆλ˜ 일인데 이런 이야기듀 μ€‘μ—μ„œ
15:39
But my personal favorite, I have to confess, does come from the US:
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μ œκ°€ 제일 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
15:43
"Officers Taser 86-year-old Disabled Woman in her Bed."
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"경찰관듀이 μΉ¨λŒ€μ— λˆ„μ–΄μžˆλŠ” 86μ„Έμ˜ 뢈ꡬ자 ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆλ₯Ό ν…Œμ΄μ €κ±΄μœΌλ‘œ μ˜λ‹€"
15:46
(Laughter)
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μ €λŠ” 이 기사λ₯Ό 직접 ν™•μΈν•˜κ³ 
15:49
I checked the reports on this one.
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정말 λ†€λžμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
15:51
I looked at it. I was really surprised.
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15:53
Apparently, she took up a more threatening position in her bed.
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κ·Έ ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ°€ μΉ¨λŒ€μ—μ„œ 더 μœ„ν˜‘μ μΈ μžμ„Έλ₯Ό μ·¨ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
(μ›ƒμŒ)
15:57
(Laughter)
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농담이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”, 기사에 적힌 것 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œμ—μš”
15:59
I kid you not, that's exactly what it said:
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"κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μΉ¨λŒ€μ—μ„œ 더 μœ„ν˜‘μ μΈ μžμ„Έλ₯Ό μ·¨ν–ˆλ‹€"
16:01
"She took up a more threatening position in her bed."
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OK
16:04
OK.
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16:05
But I'd remind you --
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μ œκ°€ 뭘 λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μƒκΈ°μ‹œμΌœ λ“œλ¦¬μ£ .
16:07
I'm talking about military uses of nonlethal weapons,
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μ „ μ§€κΈˆ ꡰ에 μ˜ν•œ 비살상 무기의 μ‚¬μš©μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ§€μš”.
16:09
so why is this relevant?
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그런데 μ™œ 이 이야기가 관련이 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
16:11
Because police are actually more restrained in the use of force
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 경찰은 비살상 무기λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν• λ•Œ
ꡰ인보닀 더 μžμ œν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
16:14
than the military are.
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16:15
They're trained to be more restrained in the use of force
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경찰은 ꡰ인듀보닀 비살상 무기λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  λ•Œ 더 μžμ œν•˜λ„λ‘ ν›ˆλ ¨μ„ λ°›μ§€μš”.
16:18
than the military are.
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그듀은 더 생각을 λ§Žμ΄ν•˜κ³  κΈ΄μž₯ μƒνƒœλ₯Ό μ™„ν™”μ‹œν‚€λŠ” ν›ˆλ ¨μ„ λ°›μ§€μš”.
16:19
They're trained to think more, to try and De-escalate.
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경찰이 비살상 무기λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  λ•Œ 이런 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ”λ°
16:22
So if you have these problems with police officers
377
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16:24
with nonlethal weapons,
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ꡰ인이 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄ 더 낳을 것이라고
16:25
what on earth would make you think
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κΈ°λŒ€ν•  κ·Όκ±°λŠ” μ „ν˜€μ—†μ§€μš”.
16:27
it's going to be better with military personnel?
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16:30
The last thing that I would like to say:
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μ œκ°€ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ λ“œλ¦¬κ³ μ‹Άμ€ 말은
μ œκ°€ κ²½μ°°λ“€μ—κ²Œ κ°€μž₯ 이상적인
16:34
When I'm talking to the police
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16:35
about what a perfect nonlethal weapon would look like,
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비살상 λ¬΄κΈ°λž€ 어떀것이냐고 물으면
그듀은 항상 λ˜‘κ°™μ€ λŒ€λ‹΅μ„ ν•˜μ£ .
16:38
they almost inevitably say the same thing.
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그듀은 "κΈ€μŽ„μš”, μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ κ³ ν†΅μŠ€λŸ¬μ›Œμ„œ
16:40
They say, "It's got to be something that's nasty enough
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16:42
that people don't want to be hit with this weapon.
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κ·Έ 무기에 맞고 싢지 μ•Šμ•„μ•Ό ν•˜κ² μ§€μš”.
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έ 무기λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ² λ‹€κ³ 
16:45
So if you threaten to use it,
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16:46
people are going to comply with it.
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μœ„ν˜‘ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μˆœμ‘ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜κ² κ³ ,
16:49
But it's also going to be something
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μ‹€μ§€λ‘œ 무기λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 경우 μ§€μ†λ˜λŠ”
16:51
that doesn't leave any lasting effects."
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ν›„μœ μ¦μ΄ μ—†μ–΄μ•Ό κ² μ§€μš”"라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜λ©΄, λ‚¨μš©ν•˜λŠ”λ° λ”± μ•Œλ§žλŠ” 무기가
16:56
In other words,
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16:57
your perfect nonlethal weapon is something that's perfect for abuse.
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κ°€μž₯ 이상적인 비살상 λ¬΄κΈ°λΌλŠ” 말이죠.
λ§Œμ•½μ— 이듀이 ν…Œμ΄μ €κ±΄μ΄λ‚˜
17:01
What would these guys have done if they'd had access to Tasers,
393
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νœ΄λŒ€μš© λŠ₯λ™ν•΄μ‚°μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ,
17:04
or to a manned, portable version of the Active Denial System --
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즉, μ†Œν˜• μ—΄ κ΄‘μ„  μž₯λΉ„λ₯Ό
아무 κ±±μ • 없이 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ
17:08
a small heat ray that you can use on people
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μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄,
17:11
and not worry about.
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이듀이 μ–΄λ–€ 일을 저지λ₯ΌκΉŒμš”?
17:13
So I think yes,
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 비살상 무기가 μ μ ˆν•˜κ²Œ
17:15
there may be ways that nonlethal weapons will be great in these situations,
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μ‚¬μš©λ  수 μžˆλŠ” 상황듀이 많이 μžˆκ² μ§€λ§Œ
κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬μš©μ— λ”Έλ¦° λ§Žμ€ λ¬Έμ œμ λ“€λ„
17:19
but there's also a whole heap of problems
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깊이 생각해야 ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:21
that need to be considered as well.
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17:22
Thanks very much.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
17:24
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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