The world's first crowdsourced space traffic monitoring system | Moriba Jah

53,867 views ・ 2019-08-06

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Anne Ji κ²€ν† : Gichung Lee
00:13
I am an astrodynamicist --
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μ €λŠ” 천체 μ—­ν•™μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:15
you know, like that guy Rich Purnell in the movie "The Martian."
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μ˜ν™” 'λ§ˆμ…˜'의 천체 μ—­ν•™μž 리치 νŒŒλ„¬κ³Ό 같은 일을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ§€μš”.
00:19
And it's my job to study and predict motion of objects in space.
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μ œκ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 일은 μš°μ£Όμ— λ– μžˆλŠ” λ¬Όμ²΄λ“€μ˜ μ›€μ§μž„μ„ μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μ˜ˆμΈ‘ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:27
Currently we track about one percent of hazardous objects on orbit --
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ν˜„μž¬λŠ” 지ꡬ μ£Όμœ„λ₯Ό λ„λŠ” μœ„ν—˜ λ¬Όμ²΄λ“€μ˜ 1% μ •λ„λ§Œ 좔적 κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:33
hazardous to services like location,
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그런 μœ„ν—˜ 물체듀은 μœ„μΉ˜ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λ‚˜
00:36
agriculture, banking,
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농업, 은행 업무,
00:39
television and communications,
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ν…”λ ˆλΉ„μ „ 및 톡신 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
00:41
and soon -- very soon --
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μ‘°λ§Œκ°„ λ¨Έμ§€μ•Šμ•„
00:43
even the internet itself.
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인터넷 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€κΉŒμ§€ ν”Όν•΄λ₯Ό 쀄 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:45
Now these services are not protected from, roughly, half a million objects
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ν˜„μž¬ 이런 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λ“€μ΄ λŒ€λž΅ 50만 개의 μœ„ν—˜ 물체듀에 λ…ΈμΆœλ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ”λ°
00:52
the size of a speck of paint
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κ·Έ ν¬κΈ°λŠ” 페인트 쑰각 정도뢀터
00:55
all the way to a school bus in size.
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톡학 λ²„μŠ€ ν¬κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ λ‹€μ–‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
A speck of paint,
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페인트 쑰각 크기라 할지라도
01:00
traveling at the right speed,
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νŠΉμ • μ†λ„λ‘œ 움직이닀가
01:03
impacting one of these objects,
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이런 물체듀과 μΆ©λŒν•˜κ²Œ λœλ‹€λ©΄
01:04
could render it absolutely useless.
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μ™„μ „νžˆ μ†μƒμ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆλŠ” μœ„λ ₯을 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:08
But we can't track things as small as a speck of paint.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν˜„μž¬λŠ” 페인트 쑰각 크기의 νŒŒνŽΈλ“€μ„ μΆ”μ ν•˜λŠ” 것은 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ©°
01:12
We can only track things as small as say, a smartphone.
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파편이 ν•Έλ“œν° 크기 이상은 λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό 좔적이 κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
So of this half million objects that we should be concerned about,
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즉, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ§€μΌœλ΄μ•Ό ν•  전체 50만 개의 물체 쀑에
01:22
we can only track about 26,000 of these objects.
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좔적할 수 μžˆλŠ” 건 26,000개 μ •λ„λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:26
And of these 26,000, only 2,000 actually work.
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κ·Έ 26,000개 μ€‘μ—μ„œλ„ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 좔적 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 건 2,000κ°œμ— λΆˆκ³Όν•˜μ£ .
01:33
Everything else
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그것을 μ œμ™Έν•œ λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€λŠ”
01:35
is garbage.
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μ“°λ ˆκΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:38
That's a lot of garbage.
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정말 μ–΄λ§ˆμ–΄λ§ˆν•œ μ“°λ ˆκΈ°λ“€μ΄μ£ .
01:40
To make things a little bit worse,
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우주 μ“°λ ˆκΈ° λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 더 μ‹¬κ°ν•΄μ§€λŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ”
01:43
most of what we launch into orbit never comes back.
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κΆ€λ„λ‘œ μ˜μ•„μ˜¬λ¦° λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ λ°œμ‚¬μ²΄λ“€μ΄ μ§€κ΅¬λ‘œ λ³΅κ·€ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:49
We send the satellite in orbit,
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κΆ€λ„λ‘œ μ§„μž…ν•œ μΈκ³΅μœ„μ„±μ€
01:52
it stops working, it runs out of fuel,
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μ—°λ£Œκ°€ 떨어지면 μž‘λ™μ„ 멈μΆ₯λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:55
and we send something else up ...
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그러면 이λ₯Ό λŒ€μ‹ ν•  또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μœ„μ„±μ„ μ˜μ•„ 올리죠.
01:57
and then we send up something else ...
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그리고 λ‹€μ‹œ μ˜μ•„ 올리고
02:00
and then something else.
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κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ μ˜μ•„ μ˜¬λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:01
And every once in a while,
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λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ
02:03
two of these things will collide with each other
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우주 μ“°λ ˆκΈ°λ“€λΌλ¦¬ μΆ©λŒν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
02:05
or one of these things will explode,
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ν­λ°œν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
or even worse,
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더 λ‚˜μœ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ”
02:08
somebody might just happen to destroy one of their satellites on orbit,
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ꢀ도에 μžˆλŠ” μΈκ³΅μœ„μ„±λ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ‹€μˆ˜λ‘œ νŒŒμ†ν•΄μ„œ
02:13
and this generates many, many more pieces,
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훨씬 더 λ§Žμ€ 우주 파편이 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§€κΈ°λ„ ν•˜λŠ”λ°
02:17
most of which also never come back.
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그것듀은 μˆ˜κ±°ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
Now these things are not just randomly scattered in orbit.
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이런 우주 μ“°λ ˆκΈ°λ“€μ€ ꢀ도 μ•ˆμ— μ•„λ¬΄λ ‡κ²Œλ‚˜ 흩어져 μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:25
It turns out that given the curvature of space-time,
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쀑λ ₯에 μ˜ν•΄ 우주의 μ‹œκ³΅κ°„μ΄ νœ˜μ–΄μ Έ 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
02:28
there are ideal locations
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일뢀 μΈκ³΅μœ„μ„±λ“€μ€
02:30
where we put some of these satellites --
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우주 κ³ μ†λ„λ‘œλ‘œ μ—¬κ²¨μ§€λŠ”
02:32
think of these as space highways.
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졜적의 곡간에 λ†“μ΄κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:37
Very much like highways on earth,
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μ§€κ΅¬μ˜ κ³ μ†λ„λ‘œμ²˜λŸΌ
02:39
these space highways can only take up a maximum capacity of traffic
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이 우주 κ³ μ†λ„λ‘œλŠ” 우주 곡간이 μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ μž‘λ™λ˜λ„λ‘ μœ μ§€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
02:44
to sustain space-safe operations.
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μ΅œλŒ€ ꡐ톡 μˆ˜μš”λŸ‰κΉŒμ§€λ§Œ μ†Œν™”ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
Unlike highways on earth,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ§€κ΅¬μ˜ κ³ μ†λ„λ‘œμ™€ 달리
02:51
there are actually no space traffic rules.
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우주 ꡐ톡 λ²•κ·œλŠ” μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:53
None whatsoever, OK?
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μ „ν˜€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€, λ†€λΌμš°μ‹ κ°€μš”?
02:57
Wow.
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μ™€μš°.
03:00
What could possibly go wrong with that?
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그러면 잘λͺ»λ  λ§Œν•œ 일이 뭐가 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
03:02
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
03:04
Now, what would be really nice
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이런 게 있으면 쒋지 μ•Šμ„κΉŒμš”.
03:06
is if we had something like a space traffic map,
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우주 κ΅ν†΅λŸ‰μ„ λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 지도라든가
03:10
like a Waze for space that I could look up
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우주용 Waze같은 λ‚΄λΉ„κ²Œμ΄μ…˜ 앱이 μ‘΄μž¬ν•΄μ„œ
03:13
and see what the current traffic conditions are in space,
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ν˜„μž¬ 우주 ꡐ톡 상황을 λ³΄μ—¬μ£Όκ±°λ‚˜
03:16
maybe even predict these.
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κ΅ν†΅λŸ‰μ„ μ˜ˆμΈ‘ν•˜λŠ” κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
03:17
The problem with that, however,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, λ¬Έμ œλŠ” μ΄κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
is that ask five different people,
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각기 λ‹€λ₯Έ 5λͺ…μ—κ²Œ 이런 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν•œλ‹€κ³  치죠.
03:24
"What's going on in orbit?
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"ꢀ도에 무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”? 우주 μ“°λ ˆκΈ°λŠ” μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ²˜λ¦¬λ κΉŒμš”?"
03:25
Where are things going?"
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03:27
and you're probably going to get 10 different answers.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ¬»λŠ”λ‹€λ©΄ 10 κ°€μ§€μ˜ μ„œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 닡을 λ“£κ²Œ 될 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:29
Why is that?
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μ™œ κ·ΈλŸ΄κΉŒμš”?
03:31
It's because information about things on orbit is not commonly shared either.
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ꢀ도 μœ„μ˜ 우주 μ“°λ ˆκΈ°λ“€μ— λŒ€ν•œ 정보가 μΌλ°˜μΈλ“€μ—κ²Œ κ³΅μœ λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
So what if we had a globally accessible,
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우주λ₯Ό μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ³ , 지속 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
03:39
open and transparent space traffic information system
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우주의 λͺ¨λ“  κ²ƒλ“€μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό λŒ€μ€‘λ“€μ΄ μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ„λ‘
03:43
that can inform the public of where everything is located
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μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ 접근이 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ³ , 개방적이며, 투λͺ…ν•œ
03:46
to try to keep space safe and sustainable?
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우주 ꡐ톡 정보 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ κ΅¬μΆ•ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
03:49
And what if the system could be used
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그리고 이 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μ΄μš©ν•΄μ„œ
03:52
to form evidence-based norms of behavior --
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ν˜„μƒμ— κΈ°μ΄ˆν•œ 행동 κ·œλ²”μ„ λ§Œλ“€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
03:55
these space traffic rules?
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즉, 우주 κ΅ν†΅λ²•κ·œ 말이죠.
03:57
So I developed ASTRIAGraph,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” μ˜€μŠ€ν‹΄μ— μœ„μΉ˜ν•œ ν…μ‚¬μŠ€ λŒ€ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ
04:00
the world's first crowdsourced, space traffic monitoring system
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세계 졜초둜 ν¬λΌμš°λ“œ μ†Œμ‹±μœΌλ‘œ κ΅¬μΆ•λœ 우주 ꡐ톡 λͺ¨λ‹ˆν„°λ§ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμΈ
04:03
at the University of Texas at Austin.
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ASTRIAGraphλ₯Ό κ°œλ°œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:06
ASTRIAGraph combines multiple sources of information from around the globe --
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ASTRIAGraph은 μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ˜ μ •λΆ€, 산업체 그리고 ν•™κ³„λ‘œλΆ€ν„° μ·¨ν•©ν•œ
04:12
government, industry and academia --
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 정보λ₯Ό κ²°ν•©ν•΄
04:13
and represents this in a common framework that anybody can access today.
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λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜ μ ‘κ·Όν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 곡톡 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ 톡해 μ œκ³΅ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:19
Here, you can see 26,000 objects orbiting the earth,
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그러면 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ ꢀ도 μœ„ 26,000 개의 물체λ₯Ό κ΄€μ°°ν•˜κ³ 
04:23
multiple opinions,
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ˜κ²¬μ„ μ ‘ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:25
and it gets updated in near real time.
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그것도 μ‹€μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ μ—…λ°μ΄νŠΈλ˜μ„œ 말이죠.
04:28
But back to my problem of space traffic map:
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우주 κ΅ν†΅λŸ‰ 지도 문제둜 λ‹€μ‹œ λŒμ•„κ°€μ„œ
04:32
What if you only had information from the US government?
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ λ―Έκ΅­ μ •λΆ€λ‘œλΆ€ν„°λ§Œ 정보λ₯Ό μ–»λŠ”λ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
04:36
Well, in that case, that's what your space traffic map would look like.
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κ·Έλ•Œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§€λŠ” 우주 ꡐ톡 μ§€λ„λŠ” 이런 λͺ¨μŠ΅μΌ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:39
But what do the Russians think?
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λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„ μž…μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
04:45
That looks significantly different.
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μ „ν˜€ λ‹€λ₯Έ νŒλ‹¨μ„ ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:47
Who's right? Who's wrong?
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λˆ„κ°€ 옳고, λˆ„κ°€ ν‹€λ¦° κ±ΈκΉŒμš”?
04:50
What should I believe?
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무엇을 λ―Ώμ–΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
04:51
What could I trust?
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μ–΄λŠ μͺ½μ„ μ‹ λ’°ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
04:52
This is part of the issue.
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이것은 μ€‘μš”ν•œ λ¬Έμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:55
In the absence of this framework to monitor space-actor behavior,
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우주 ν–‰μœ„μžλ“€μ˜ 행동을 κ΄€μ°°ν•  이런 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ˜ λΆ€μž¬λ‘œ
05:03
to monitor activity in space --
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우주 물체듀이 μ–΄λ–€ μ›€μ§μž„μ„ λ³΄μ΄λŠ”μ§€ κ°μ‹œν•  수 μ—†κ³ 
05:05
where these objects are located --
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05:07
to reconcile these inconsistencies
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λΆˆκ· ν˜•μ„ μ‘°μ •ν•˜μ—¬ 정보λ₯Ό κ³΅κ°œν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
05:10
and make this knowledge commonplace,
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05:12
we actually risk losing the ability
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인λ₯˜μ˜ 이읡을 μœ„ν•΄
05:17
to use space for humanity's benefit.
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우주λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯을 μžƒκ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:22
Thank you very much.
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λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
(Applause and cheers)
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(ν™˜ν˜Έμ™€ κ°ˆμ±„)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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