Making art of New York's urban ruins | Miru Kim

385,600 views ใƒป 2009-02-27

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒ€ํ† : Hahn Ryu
00:16
I was raised in Seoul, Korea,
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์ €๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์„œ์šธ์—์„œ ์ž๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
and moved to New York City in 1999 to attend college.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  1999๋…„์— ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‰ด์š•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ์™”์ฃ .
00:22
I was pre-med at the time,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์˜๋Œ€์ƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:25
and I thought I would become a surgeon
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์™ธ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:28
because I was interested in anatomy
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ํ•ด๋ถ€ํ•™์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
00:31
and dissecting animals really piqued my curiosity.
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๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์„ ์ž๊ทนํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:35
At the same time, I fell in love with New York City.
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๋˜ ์ €๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:40
I started to realize that I could look at the whole city
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋„์‹œ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
00:44
as a living organism.
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๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:46
I wanted to dissect it
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์ €๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:48
and look into its unseen layers.
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๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์ธต์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
And the way to it, for me,
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์ด๊ฑธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€ ๊ฒƒ์€
00:52
was through artistic means.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:56
So, eventually I decided to pursue an MFA instead of an M.D.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ €๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ ํ•™์œ„ ๋Œ€์‹  ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ์„์‚ฌ ํ•™์œ„๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:00
and in grad school I became interested
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์— ์ž…ํ•™ํ•œ ํ›„๋กœ๋Š”
01:03
in creatures that dwell in the hidden corners of the city.
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๋„์‹œ์˜ ํ›„๋ฏธ์ง„ ๊ณจ๋ชฉ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…๋“ค์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
In New York City, rats are part of commuters' daily lives.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ ์ฅ๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋„์‹œ์  ์‚ถ์˜ ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์ฃ .
01:13
Most people ignore them or are frightened of them.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณดํ†ต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฅ๋“ค์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฌด์„œ์›Œํ•˜์ฃ .
01:17
But I took a liking to them
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์ฅ๋“ค์ด ๋ง˜์— ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:19
because they dwell on the fringes of society.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฑ”๋‚ด๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋ณ€๋‘๋ฆฌ์— ์†ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
01:21
And even though they're used in labs to promote human lives,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋ชธ์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•ด ๋Š˜ ๋ชฐ๋ชจํŠธ๋กœ ํฌ์ƒ๋จ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
01:24
they're also considered pests.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Š˜ ์ฅ๋ฅผ ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋™๋ฌผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์ธ์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
I also started looking around in the city
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์˜ ๊ตฌ์„์ง„ ๊ณณ์—์„œ
01:31
and trying to photograph them.
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์ฅ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์ง„์— ๋‹ด๊ณ ์ž ์• ๋ฅผ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
One day, in the subway, I was snapping pictures of the tracks
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ  ์„ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:37
hoping to catch a rat or two,
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์ฅ ํ•œ๋‘๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์ฏค ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธธ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:40
and a man came up to me and said,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์™€ ๋งํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
01:43
"You can't take photographs here.
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"์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‚ฌ์ง„ ์ฐ์œผ๋ฉด
01:46
The MTA will confiscate your camera."
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์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ  ์ง์›์ด ์™€์„œ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ ์••์ˆ˜ํ•ด๊ฐ€์š”!."
01:49
I was quite shocked by that,
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๊นœ์ง ๋†€๋ž์–ด์š”.
01:52
and thought to myself, "Well, OK then.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€์‹  "์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ฅ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ
01:55
I'll follow the rats."
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์ซ“์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ž"๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
Then I started going into the tunnels,
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ํ„ฐ๋„์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ณด๋‹ˆ
02:01
which made me realize that there's a whole new dimension to the city
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๋‰ด์š•์‹œ์˜ ์ „ํ˜€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฐจ์›์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”. ์ „์—๋Š” ์ƒ์ƒ์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:04
that I never saw before and most people don't get to see.
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์ € ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ๋ณผ ์ผ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ฐจ์›์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:09
Around the same time, I met like-minded individuals
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๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ ์ฏค ํ•ด์„œ, ์ „ ์ €์™€ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋งž๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
who call themselves urban explorers, adventurers, spelunkers,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์„ ๋„์‹œ ํƒํ—˜๊ฐ€, ๋ชจํ—˜๊ฐ€, ๋™๊ตด ํƒํ—˜๊ฐ€,
02:16
guerrilla historians, etc.
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๊ฒŒ๋ฆด๋ผ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
I was welcomed into this loose, Internet-based network
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์ €๋Š” ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ํํ—ˆ๋ฅผ ํƒํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
02:22
of people who regularly explore urban ruins
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋ชจ์ž„์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:26
such as abandoned subway stations,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ  ์—ญ์ด๋‚˜
02:29
tunnels, sewers, aqueducts,
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ํ„ฐ๋„, ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ตฌ, ์ˆ˜๋กœ,
02:32
factories, hospitals, shipyards and so on.
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๊ณต์žฅ, ๋ณ‘์›, ์กฐ์„ ์†Œ ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ์˜ ํํ—ˆ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:39
When I took photographs in these locations,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณณ๋“ค์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ
02:42
I felt there was something missing in the pictures.
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๋ง˜ ํ•œ๊ตฌ์„์—์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€ ๋น ์ง„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณค ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:45
Simply documenting these soon-to-be-demolished structures
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ณง ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์งˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด
02:50
wasn't enough for me.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„์น˜ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ฌ๊นŒ์š”.
02:53
So I wanted to create a fictional character
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜
02:57
or an animal that dwells in these underground spaces,
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์ง€ํ•˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:00
and the simplest way to do it, at the time,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹œ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
03:03
was to model myself.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ 
03:06
I decided against clothing
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ท์„ ์ž…์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:09
because I wanted the figure to be without any cultural implications
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์š”์†Œ๋‚˜ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ธ‰์ ์ด๋ฉด
03:12
or time-specific elements.
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๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜๊ธธ ์›ํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
03:14
I wanted a simple way to represent a living body
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์Œ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
03:18
inhabiting these decaying, derelict spaces.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์›ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:25
This was taken in the Riviera Sugar Factory in Red Hook, Brooklyn.
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์‚ฌ์ง„ ์ดฌ์˜์€ ๋ธŒ๋ฃจํด๋ฆฐ์˜ ๋ ˆ๋“œํ›…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋น„์—๋ผ ์„คํƒ• ๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
It's now an empty, six-acre lot
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ์ด์ œ ํ…… ๋นˆ 6 ์—์ด์ปค ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์œผ๋กœ
03:32
waiting for a shopping mall right across from the new Ikea.
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์ด์ผ€์•„ ๋งค์žฅ ๊ฑด๋„ˆํŽธ์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์ด ๋“ค์–ด์„ค ๊ณณ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:35
I was very fond of this space
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:38
because it's the first massive industrial complex I found on my own
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์ด ์ € ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ฐพ์€ ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„,
03:42
that is abandoned.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ๊ณต์žฅ๋‹จ์ง€ ์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
03:44
When I first went in, I was scared,
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์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ”์„ ๋• ๋ฌด์„œ์› ์–ด์š”.
03:47
because I heard dogs barking and I thought they were guard dogs.
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๊ฐœ๋“ค์ด ์ง–๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ๋น„๊ฒฌ๋“ค์ธ ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
03:50
But they happened to be wild dogs living there,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๊ฐœ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋ถ€์ง€์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋“ค๊ฐœ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
03:53
and it was right by the water,
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๊ทธ ๊ณณ์€ ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜†์ด์–ด์„œ์ธ์ง€
03:55
so there were swans and ducks swimming around
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๋ฐฑ์กฐ์™€ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ๋“ค๋„ ํ—ค์—„์น˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
03:58
and trees growing everywhere
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๋„ ๋“œ๋ฌธ๋“œ๋ฌธ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:00
and bees nesting in the sugar barrels.
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๋˜ ๋ฒŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฟ€๋‹จ์ง€์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
04:02
The nature had really reclaimed the whole complex.
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์ž์—ฐ์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด๋†“์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
And, in a way, I wanted the human figure in the picture
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ ์—์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ํ˜•์ƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์— ๋‹ด๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:08
to become a part of that nature.
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์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
04:13
When I got comfortable in the space,
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๊ทธ ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•ด์ง€๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
04:15
it also felt like a big playground.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์ด ๋˜ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๋†€์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ™์ด ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
04:17
I would climb up the tanks and hop across exposed beams
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์ „ ํƒฑํฌ ์œ„๋ฅผ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์žˆ๋Š” ๋“ค๋ณด๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‹ค๋…”์–ด์š”.
04:20
as if I went back in time and became a child again.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด๋ผ๋„ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:25
This was taken in the old Croton Aqueduct,
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ๊ตฌ ํฌ๋กœํ„ด ์ˆ˜๋กœ์—์„œ ์ฐ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
which supplied fresh water to New York City for the first time.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ์— ๋‹ด์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ˆ˜๋กœ์˜€์ฃ .
04:33
The construction began in 1837.
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์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ฑด์„ค์€ 1837๋…„์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
It lasted about five years.
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5๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
04:38
It got abandoned when the new Croton Aqueducts opened in 1890.
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์‹  ํฌ๋กœํ„ด ์ˆ˜๋กœ๊ฐ€ 1890๋…„์— ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด์ž, ๊ณง ๋ฒ„๋ ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
When you go into spaces like this,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
04:46
you're directly accessing the past,
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์ง์ ‘ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ˆ์š”.
04:49
because they sit untouched for decades.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์ƒํƒœ ๊ณ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐฉ์น˜๋ผ ์™”๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
04:52
I love feeling the aura of a space that has so much history.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹Œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํŠน์œ ์˜ ์•„์šฐ๋ผ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:57
Instead of looking at reproductions of it at home,
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์ง„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ณต์ œ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ,
05:00
you're actually feeling the hand-laid bricks
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์†์œผ๋กœ ์Œ“์•„์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ ๋ฒฝ๋Œ๋“ค์„ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ 
05:03
and shimmying up and down narrow cracks
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์ข์€ ํ‹ˆ ์‚ฌ์ด๋กœ ์ถค ์ถ”๋“ฏ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋…€๋„ ๋ณด๊ณ 
05:06
and getting wet and muddy
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์ง„ํ™ํˆฌ์„ฑ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ณด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
05:09
and walking in a dark tunnel with a flashlight.
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์ „๋“ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋™๊ตดํƒํ—˜๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
05:13
This is a tunnel underneath Riverside Park.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ๊ณต์› ์ง€ํ•˜์˜ ํ„ฐ๋„์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
05:17
It was built in the 1930s by Robert Moses.
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1930๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋กœ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ๋ชจ์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
The murals were done by a graffiti artist
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๋ฒฝํ™”๋“ค์€ ๋‚™์„œ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”
05:23
to commemorate the hundreds of homeless people
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ํ„ฐ๋„์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ข‡๊ฒจ๋‚œ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ๋…ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ 
05:26
that got relocated from the tunnel in 1991
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1991๋…„ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ์„œ ํ„ฐ๋„์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์—ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ
05:29
when the tunnel reopened for trains.
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์™„์„ฑํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
Walking in this tunnel is very peaceful.
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์ด ํ„ฐ๋„ ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฑท๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์€ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๊ณ ์š”ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:34
There's nobody around you,
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์ฃผ์œ„์—๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—†๊ณ 
05:37
and you hear the kids playing in the park above you,
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์ฒœ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ œ ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ‘์— ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ธธ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด
05:40
completely unaware of what's underneath.
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์‹ ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋›ฐ์–ด ๋…ธ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ ค์™”์ฃ .
05:43
When I was going out a lot to these places,
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ํ•œ์ฐฝ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณณ์— ๋“œ๋‚˜๋“ค ๋‹น์‹œ ์ €๋Š”
05:46
I was feeling a lot of anxiety and isolation
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๊ฑฑ์ •๋„ ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ  ์™ธ๋กญ๊ธฐ๋„ ๋˜ ๋งŽ์ด ์™ธ๋กœ์› ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:49
because I was in a solitary phase in my life,
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์‚ถ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ฐธ ์™ธ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜€์ฃ .
05:52
and I decided to title my series "Naked City Spleen,"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ง‘์˜ ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ '๋ฒŒ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ—์€ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์šฐ์ˆ˜'๋กœ ์ •ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:57
which references Charles Baudelaire.
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์ƒค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋“ค๋ ˆ๋ฅด์—์„œ ๋”ฐ์™€์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:00
"Naked City" is a nickname for New York,
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'๋ฒŒ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ—์€ ๋„์‹œ'๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์˜ ๋ณ„๋ช…์ด๊ตฌ์š”
06:03
and "Spleen" embodies the melancholia and inertia
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'์šธํ™”, ์šฐ์šธ'์€ ๋„์‹œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์†Œ์™ธ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ์„œ
06:06
that come from feeling alienated in an urban environment.
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์˜ค๋Š” ์šฐ์ˆ˜์™€ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ ฅํ•จ์„ ์ƒ์ง•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
This is the same tunnel.
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์ด๊ฑด ์•„๊นŒ ๊ทธ ํ„ฐ๋„์ด์—์š”.
06:15
You see the sunbeams coming from the ventilation ducts
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ์ƒˆ์–ด๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ํ–‡์‚ด์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
and the train approaching.
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์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์ด ๋ง‰ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋„ค์š”.
06:23
This is a tunnel that's abandoned in Hell's Kitchen.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 'ํ—ฌ์Šคํ‚ค์นœ'์— ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„ ํ„ฐ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:27
I was there alone, setting up,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ํ˜ผ์ž ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:30
and a homeless man approached.
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž ํ•œ๋ช…์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
06:33
I was basically intruding in his living space.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๋ฅผ ์นจ๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์…ˆ์ด๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
06:36
I was really frightened at first,
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์ข€ ๋†€๋ž์ฃ .
06:39
but I calmly explained to him that I was working on an art project
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์นจ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์ง„ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€์„ ๋“œ๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:42
and he didn't seem to mind
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๋ณ„ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์“ฐ๋Š”๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
06:44
and so I went ahead and put my camera on self-timer
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๊ณ„์† ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ ํƒ€์ด๋จธ๋ฅผ ๋งž์ถ”์–ด๋†“๊ณ ๋Š”
06:47
and ran back and forth.
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์•ž๋’ค๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‹ค๋…”์ฃ .
06:49
And when I was done, he actually offered me his shirt
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋งˆ์น˜์ž ์–ด์ฉ ์ผ์ธ์ง€ ๊ทธ ๋ถ„์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ์˜ท์„ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๊ถŒํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:52
to wipe off my feet
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์ œ ๋ฐœ์„ ๋‹ฆ์œผ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
06:54
and kindly walked me out.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ˆ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€์…จ์ฃ .
06:56
It must have been a very unusual day for him.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋‚ ์€ ๊ทธ ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋‚ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜ ์‹ถ๋ฐ์š”.
06:59
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:05
One thing that struck me, after this incident,
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์ด ์ผ ํ›„์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ป์€ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์Œ์€
07:08
was that a space like that holds so many deleted memories of the city.
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๊ทธ ํํ—ˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋“ค์ด ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์žŠํ˜€์ง„ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋“ค์„ ์ฐธ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ„์งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
That homeless man, to me, really represented
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์ œ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด ๊ทธ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž ๋ถ„์€ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ์žŠํ˜€์ ธ์žˆ๋˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด
07:16
an element of the unconscious of the city.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ด ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:21
He told me that he was abused above ground
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„์€ '์ง€์ƒ ์„ธ๊ณ„'์—์„œ ๊ณ ํ†ต ๋‹นํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:24
and was once in Riker's Island,
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๋ฆฌ์ปค๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ฌ์—์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๊ณ ,
07:27
and at last he found peace and quiet in that space.
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๊ทธ๋žฌ๋˜ ๊ทธ ๋ถ„์ด ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ํ‰ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์€ ๊ณณ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๋ผ ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
07:31
The tunnel was once built for the prosperity of the city,
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๊ทธ ํ„ฐ๋„์€ ํ•œ๋•Œ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋ฒˆ์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ง€์–ด์กŒ์ง€๋งŒ
07:36
but is now a sanctuary for outcasts,
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋„์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์ผ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์žŠํ˜€์ ธ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ
07:40
who are completely forgotten in the average urban dweller's everyday life.
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์ถ”๋ฐฉ์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•ˆ์‹์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:49
This is underneath my alma mater, Columbia University.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €์˜ ๋ชจ๊ต์ธ ์ปฌ๋Ÿผ๋น„์•„ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์ง€ํ•˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
The tunnels are famous for having been used
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์ด ํ„ฐ๋„์€ ๋งจํ•˜ํŠผ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋‹น์‹œ ์“ฐ์—ฟ๋˜ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ
07:55
during the development of the Manhattan Project.
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์œ ๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
This particular tunnel is interesting
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์ด ํ„ฐ๋„์€ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์‚ฌ์—ฐ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:03
because it shows the original foundations of Bloomingdale Insane Asylum,
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๋ธ”๋ฃจ๋ฐ๋ฐ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ •์‹  ๋ณ‘๋™์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋œ ๊ณณ์ด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
08:07
which was demolished in 1890
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๊ทธ ์ •์‹  ๋ณ‘์›์€ 1890๋…„์— ์ปฌ๋Ÿผ๋น„์•„ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ด
08:09
when Columbia moved in.
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๋“ค์–ด์„œ๋ฉด์„œ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ๋์ฃ .
08:14
This is the New York City Farm Colony,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ŠคํƒœํŠผ์„ฌ์˜ ๋‹ฌ๋™๋„ค ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ
08:17
which was a poorhouse in Staten Island
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ํŒœ ์ฝœ๋กœ๋‹ˆ(Farm Colony)๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
from the 1890s to the 1930s.
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1890๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1930๋…„๋Œ€๊นŒ์ง€ ์กด์†ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
08:26
Most of my photos are set in places
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ œ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋“ค์€ ์ตœ์†Œ ๋ช‡์‹ญ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์€
08:29
that have been abandoned for decades,
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๋ฒ„๋ ค์ ธ์™”๋˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋“ค์—์„œ ์ดฌ์˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
but this is an exception.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„๋งŒ ๋นผ๋†“๊ตฌ์š”.
08:34
This children's hospital was closed in 1997;
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์ด ์•„๋™ ๋ณ‘์›์€ 1997๋…„์— ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‹ซ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
it's located in Newark.
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๋‰ด์–ดํฌ ์‹œ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ด์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
08:40
When I was there three years ago,
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3๋…„์ „์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ
08:43
the windows were broken and the walls were peeling,
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์ฐฝ๋ฌธ๋“ค์€ ๊นจ์ ธ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋ฒฝ๋“ค๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค ๋ฒ—๊ฒจ์ ธ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:45
but everything was left there as it was.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์˜ˆ์ „ ๋ชจ์Šต ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์˜€์ฃ .
08:47
You see the autopsy table, morgue trays, x-ray machines
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ•ด๋ถ€๋Œ€, ์‹œ์ฒด๋ณด๊ด€ํ•จ, ์—‘์Šค๋ ˆ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋“ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
08:50
and even used utensils,
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
which you see on the autopsy table.
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ํ•ด๋ถ€๋Œ€ ์œ„์— ์žˆ์„ ๋งŒํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
08:56
After exploring recently-abandoned buildings,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ณด๋‹ˆ
09:00
I felt that everything could fall into ruins very fast:
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์ƒˆ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ธˆ์ƒˆ ๋‚ก์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์‹ค๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒ ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
09:03
your home, your office, a shopping mall, a church --
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์ง‘, ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค, ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ, ๊ตํšŒ, ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ..
09:07
any man-made structures around you.
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๋‹ค๋“ค ๊ธˆ๋ฐฉ ๋‚ก์•„๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
09:11
I was reminded of how fragile our sense of security is
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๋ณ€์น˜ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ—ˆ๋งํ•œ์ง€
09:18
and how vulnerable people truly are.
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๋˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์„ธ์›” ์•ž์—์„œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์•ฝํ•œ ์กด์žฌ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
09:21
I love to travel,
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
and Berlin has become one of my favorite cities.
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๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ตฌ์š”.
09:27
It's full of history,
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๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•ด์š”.
09:29
and also full of underground bunkers
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์ง€ํ•˜ ๋ฒ™์ปค๋ผ๋“ ๊ฐ€ ์ „์Ÿ์ด ๋‚จ๊ธด ํํ—ˆ๊ฐ™์€
09:32
and ruins from the war.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ”์ ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:34
This was taken under a homeless asylum
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ 1885๋…„์— ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋œ 1,100๋ช…์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜
09:37
built in 1885 to house 1,100 people.
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๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž ์‹œ์„ค ์ง€ํ•˜์—์„œ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
I saw the structure while I was on the train,
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๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋‹ค ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ์ด ๊ณณ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š”,
09:44
and I got off at the next station and met people there
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ ์—ญ์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ ค ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ดค์ฃ .
09:47
that gave me access to their catacomb-like basement,
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๊ทธ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ•˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ฉ๊ณจ๋‹น ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
09:50
which was used for ammunition storage during the war
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๊ทธ ์ง€ํ•˜์‹ค์€ ํ•œ ๋•Œ ์ „์Ÿ ์ค‘์—” ๋ฌด๊ธฐ ์ €์žฅ๊ณ ์˜€๋‹ค๊ฐ€
09:54
and also, at some point, to hide groups of Jewish refugees.
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๋‚˜์ค‘์—๋Š” ์œ ๋Œ€์ธ๋“ค์˜ ํ”ผ๋‚œ์ฒ˜๋กœ๋„ ์“ฐ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋Œ€์š”.
09:59
This is the actual catacombs in Paris.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ๋‚ฉ๊ณจ๋‹น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
I explored there extensively
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์ถœ์ž… ์ œํ•œ์ง€์—ญ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฒ๋„์—†์ด
10:06
in the off-limits areas
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๊ตฌ์„๊ตฌ์„์„ ๋‹ค ๋’ค์ ธ๋ดค์ฃ .
10:08
and fell in love right away.
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์•ˆ ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
10:10
There are more than 185 miles of tunnels,
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ํ„ฐ๋„๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฟ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹ค ํ•ฉ์น˜๋ฉด ์ด ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€
10:13
and only about a mile is open to the public as a museum.
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300km๋‚˜ ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋œ ๊ฑด ๊ณ ์ž‘ 1.5km ์ •๋„์˜€์ฃ .
10:19
The first tunnels date back to 60 B.C.
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์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํ„ฐ๋„๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ์›์€ ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 60๋…„๊นŒ์ง€
10:22
They were consistently dug as limestone quarries
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๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ด๋ž˜๋กœ 18์„ธ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€
10:26
and by the 18th century,
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์„ํšŒ์„ ์ฑ„์„์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
the caving-in of some of these quarries posed safety threats,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์ด๋ž˜ ๋”์ด์ƒ ๊ณ„์† ํŒŒ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ง„๋‹จ์ด ๋‚ด๋ ค์ ธ
10:32
so the government ordered reinforcing of the existing quarries
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์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ฑ„๊ตด์žฅ๋“ค์„ ๋ฉ”์šฐ๋ผ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์ฃ .
10:37
and dug new observation tunnels
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ๊ตด๋งฅ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ
10:40
in order to monitor and map the whole place.
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๊ด€์ธก ํ„ฐ๋„๋“ค์„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์ด ํŒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
As you can see, the system is very complex and vast.
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๊ตด๋“ค์ด ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ด‘๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
It's very dangerous to get lost in there.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ธธ ์žƒ์œผ๋ฉด ํฐ ์ผ ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
And at the same time,
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์—ฌํŠผ ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์—
10:52
there was a problem in the city with overflowing cemeteries.
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ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ๋ฌ˜์ง€ ๊ณผ์ž‰ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
10:56
So the bones were moved from the cemeteries into the quarries,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ผˆ๋“ค์ด ๊ณต๋™ ๋ฌ˜์ง€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฑ„๊ตด์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์กŒ์—ˆ์ฃ .
11:01
making them into the catacombs.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋‚ฉ๊ณจ๋‹น์ด ๋œ ๊ฑฐ๊ณ ์š”.
11:06
The remains of over six million people are housed in there,
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6๋ฐฑ๋งŒ์ด๋„˜๋Š” ์œ ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์น˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
11:10
some over 1,300 years old.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” 1,300๋…„์ด๋‚˜ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
11:13
This was taken under the Montparnasse Cemetery
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ๋ชฝํŒŒ๋ฅด๋‚˜์Šค ๋ฌ˜์ง€๋ผ๊ณ , ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ์‹œ๋‚ด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜
11:17
where most of the ossuaries are located.
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๋‚ฉ๊ณจ๋‹น์ด ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
There are also phone cables that were used in the '50s
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50๋…„๋Œ€ ์ „ํ™” ์ผ€์ด๋ธ”์„ ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
11:26
and many bunkers from the World War II era.
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2์ฐจ๋Œ€์ „ ๋•Œ ์“ฐ์˜€๋˜ ๋ฒ™์ปค๋“ค๋„ ๋งŽ์ฃ .
11:29
This is a German bunker.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…์ผ ๋ฒ™์ปค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
Nearby there's a French bunker,
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๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์—” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ๋ฒ™์ปค๋„ ์žˆ๊ตฌ์š”.
11:35
and the whole tunnel system is so complex
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ์ „์ฒด ํ„ฐ๋„์€ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์„œ
11:38
that the two parties never met.
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๋‘ ์ง„์˜์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
The tunnels are famous for having been used by the Resistance,
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์ด ๊ตด๋“ค์€ ๋น…ํ† ๋ฅด ์œ„๊ณ ์˜ ์†Œ์„ค<๋ ˆ๋ฏธ์ œ๋ผ๋ธ”>์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”
11:44
which Victor Hugo wrote about in "Les Miserables."
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๋ ˆ์ง€์Šคํƒ•์Šค๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์“ฐ๋˜ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•˜์ฃ .
11:47
And I saw a lot of graffiti from the 1800s, like this one.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ 19์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋‹น์‹œ์˜ ๋ฒฝํ™” ๋‚™์„œ๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ดค๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:56
After exploring the underground of Paris,
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ํƒ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ ๋‚˜์„œ๋Š”
11:59
I decided to climb up,
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์œ„๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
and I climbed a Gothic monument
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์‹œ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ
12:05
that's right in the middle of Paris.
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์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋”• ์–‘์‹์˜ ํƒ‘์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ดค์ฃ .
12:11
This is the Tower of Saint Jacques.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ƒ์Ÿˆํฌ ํƒ‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
It was built in the early 1500s.
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16์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดˆ์— ์ง€์–ด์กŒ์ฃ .
12:20
I don't recommend sitting on a gargoyle in the middle of January, naked.
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ํ•œ๊ฒจ์šธ์— ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฒ—๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๊ณ ์ผ์— ์•‰๋Š” ์ง“๋”ฐ์œ„๋Š” ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ถ”์ฒœ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋„ค์š”.
12:24
It was not very comfortable. (Laughter)
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๋ฌด์ฒ™์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
12:28
And all this time,
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๊ทธ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€
12:30
I never saw a single rat in any of these places,
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์ด ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฅ๋„ ๋ชป๋ดค์–ด์š”.
12:33
until recently, when I was in the London sewers.
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋Š”์š”.
12:37
This was probably the toughest place to explore.
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์•„๋งˆ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ—˜๋‚œํ•œ ๊ณณ์ผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
12:40
I had to wear a gas mask because of the toxic fumes --
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์œ ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐฉ๋…๋ฉด์„ ์จ์•ผ ํ–‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
I guess, except for in this picture.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„ ์ฐ์„ ๋•Œ๋งŒ ๋นผ๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:46
And when the tides of waste matter come in
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์ด ๊ณณ์—์„œ ํ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด ์ฐฐ ๋•Œ์—๋Š”
12:49
it sounds as if a whole storm is approaching you.
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๊ผญ ํญํ’์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ ค์™€์š”.
12:55
This is a still from a film I worked on recently, called "Blind Door."
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ '๋ธ”๋ผ์ธ๋“œ ๋„์–ด'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ž‘์—…ํ•œ ์˜ํ™” ์Šคํ‹ธ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
I've become more interested in capturing movement and texture.
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์›€์ง์ž„๊ณผ ์งˆ๊ฐ์„ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋”์šฑ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋์ฃ .
13:05
And the 16mm black-and-white film gave a different feel to it.
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๋˜ 16mm์˜ ํ‘๋ฐฑ ํ•„๋ฆ„์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
And this is the first theater project I worked on.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์—…ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ํ™” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
I adapted and produced "A Dream Play" by August Strindberg.
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์–ด๊ฑฐ์ŠคํŠธ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฐ๋ฒ„๊ทธ์˜ 'A Dream Play'๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
13:24
It was performed last September one time only
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์ž‘๋…„ 9์›”์— ๋”ฑ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ๋งŒ ๊ณต์—ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
13:27
in the Atlantic Avenue tunnel in Brooklyn,
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๋ธŒ๋ฃจํด๋ฆฐ์˜ ์•„ํ‹€๋ž€ํ‹ฑ ์• ๋น„๋‰ด ํ„ฐ๋„์—์„œ์š”.
13:30
which is considered to be the oldest underground train tunnel in the world,
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1844๋…„์— ์ง€์–ด์ง„ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ํ„ฐ๋„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š”
13:35
built in 1844.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ํ„ฐ๋„์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
13:38
I've been leaning towards more collaborative projects like these, lately.
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์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฟ์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
13:44
But whenever I get a chance I still work on my series.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋‚  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ œ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ์— ์ฃผ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
The last place I visited
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ๋˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋Š”
13:51
was the Mayan ruins of Copan, Honduras.
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์˜จ๋‘๋ผ์Šค ์ฝ”ํŒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งˆ์•ผ ์œ ์ ์ง€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
This was taken inside an archaeological tunnel in the main temple.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์› ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ ์ธ ํ„ฐ๋„์—์„œ ์ฐ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
I like doing more than just exploring these spaces.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํƒํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:05
I feel an obligation to animate and humanize these spaces continually
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋“ค์ด ์˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ฐฝ์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ
14:11
in order to preserve their memories in a creative way --
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๊ณ„์Šน๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์„ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ๊ฐ„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋˜
14:16
before they're lost forever.
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ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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