Benjamin Barber: Why mayors should rule the world

167,036 views ใƒป 2013-09-20

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sieun Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : K Bang
00:12
Democracy is in trouble, no question about that,
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์›€์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์ด์š”.
00:16
and it comes in part from a deep dilemma
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๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์  ์›์ธ์€ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์— ๋‚ด์žฌ๋œ
00:19
in which it is embedded.
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๊นŠ์€ ๋”œ๋ ˆ๋งˆ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋น„๋กฏ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
It's increasingly irrelevant to the kinds of decisions
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ์ ์  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ฃผ์น˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •์—์„œ
00:25
we face that have to do with global pandemics,
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๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‹คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์œ ํ–‰๋ณ‘์ด๋‚˜,
00:29
a cross-border problem;
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๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋„˜๋‚˜๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ;
00:31
with HIV, a transnational problem;
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์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ HIV,
00:34
with markets and immigration,
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์‹œ์žฅ๊ณผ ์ด๋ฏผ,
00:36
something that goes beyond national borders;
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์ด๊ฒƒ ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€์š”;
00:39
with terrorism, with war,
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ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜, ์ „์Ÿ,
00:41
all now cross-border problems.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ์ด์ œ ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ ์•ˆ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
In fact, we live in a 21st-century world
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” 21์„ธ๊ธฐ๋Š”
00:48
of interdependence,
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์ƒํ˜ธ ์˜์กด์  ์„ธ๊ณ„์ด์ž,
00:50
and brutal interdependent problems,
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์ƒํ˜ธ ์˜์กด์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚œํ•ดํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ์—ฐํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
and when we look for solutions in politics and in democracy,
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ํ•ด๋‹ต์„ ์ •์น˜์™€ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์—์„œ ์ฐพ๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด
00:59
we are faced with political institutions
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฑด ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋œ์ง€ 400๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚œ
01:02
designed 400 years ago,
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์ •์น˜ ์ œ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
autonomous, sovereign nation-states
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๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ž์ฃผ์ ์ธ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด
01:10
with jurisdictions and territories
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ด€ํ•  ๊ตฌ์—ญ๊ณผ ์˜ํ† ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
01:13
separate from one another,
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์„œ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด์„œ
01:14
each claiming to be able to solve the problem
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๊ฐ์ž ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
01:17
of its own people.
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์ž์‹ ์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
Twenty-first-century, transnational world
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์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ๋‚œ๊ตญ์— ํœฉ์‹ธ์ธ
01:23
of problems and challenges,
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21์„ธ๊ธฐ์—
01:25
17th-century world of political institutions.
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์ •์น˜ ์ œ๋„๋Š” 17์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
In that dilemma lies the central problem of democracy.
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋”œ๋ ˆ๋งˆ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
And like many others, I've been thinking about
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ์ €๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
what can one do about this, this asymmetry
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋น„๋Œ€์นญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ
01:40
between 21st-century challenges
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21์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค๊ณผ
01:42
and archaic and increasingly dysfunctional
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๊ตญ๋ฏผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ ์  ๋” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์žƒ์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š”
01:46
political institutions like nation-states.
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๊ตฌ์‹ ์ •์น˜ ์ œ๋„, ๊ทธ ๋น„๋Œ€์นญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”.
01:50
And my suggestion is
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
01:51
that we change the subject,
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์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
that we stop talking about nations,
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋‚˜,
01:59
about bordered states,
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๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์ง„ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
02:01
and we start talking about cities.
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๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋…ผํ•˜์ž๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
Because I think you will find, when we talk about cities,
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๋„์‹œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๋Š” ๊ณง ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ช…๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€ ํƒ„์ƒํ•œ
02:08
we are talking about the political institutions
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ •์น˜ ์ œ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„
02:12
in which civilization and culture were born.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
We are talking about the cradle of democracy.
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ์š”๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
We are talking about the venues in which
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ์—ฌ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ 
02:21
those public spaces where we come together
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ๋นผ์•—์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
02:24
to create democracy, and at the same time
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๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ณต๊ณต ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค,
02:28
protest those who would take our freedom, take place.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
Think of some great names:
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์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”:
02:35
the Place de la Bastille,
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๋ฐ”์Šคํ‹ฐ์œ  ๊ด‘์žฅ,
02:38
Zuccotti Park,
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์ฃผ์ฝ”ํ‹ฐ ๊ณต์›,
02:40
Tahrir Square,
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ํƒ€ํ๋ฆฌ๋ฅด ๊ด‘์žฅ,
02:42
Taksim Square in today's headlines in Istanbul,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋‰ด์Šค ํ‘œ์ œ๋กœ ๋œจ๋Š” ์ด์Šคํƒ„๋ถˆ์˜ ํƒ์‹ฌ ๊ด‘์žฅ,
02:47
or, yes,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
02:49
Tiananmen Square in Beijing.
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๋ฒ ์ด์ง•์˜ ์ฒœ์•ˆ๋ฌธ ๊ด‘์žฅ์ด์š”.
02:52
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
02:53
Those are the public spaces
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
02:56
where we announce ourselves as citizens,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ž„์„,
03:00
as participants, as people with the right
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์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์ž„์„, ๋˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
03:03
to write our own narratives.
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์จ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž„์„ ์„ ํฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
Cities are not only the oldest of institutions,
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๋„์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ œ๋„์ผ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
03:10
they're the most enduring.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋œ ์ œ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
If you think about it,
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด,
03:14
Constantinople, Istanbul, much older than Turkey.
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์ฝ˜์Šคํƒ„ํ‹ฐ๋…ธํ”Œ, ํ˜น์€ ์ด์Šคํƒ„๋ถˆ์€ ํ„ฐํ‚ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ทธ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๊ธธ๊ณ 
03:18
Alexandria, much older than Egypt.
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์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์—ญ์‹œ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
03:21
Rome, far older than Italy.
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๋กœ๋งˆ๋„ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•œ์ฐธ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์กด์žฌํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
Cities endure the ages.
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๋„์‹œ๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ดˆ์›”ํ•ด ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
They are the places where we are born,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ ,
03:34
grow up, are educated, work, marry,
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์ž๋ผ๊ณ , ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ , ์ผํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•˜๊ณ ,
03:38
pray, play, get old, and in time, die.
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๊ธฐ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋†€๊ณ , ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๊ณ , ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ฃฝ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
They are home.
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๋„์‹œ๋Š” ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
Very different than nation-states,
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์ถ”์ƒ์  ๊ฐœ๋…์ผ๋ฟ์ธ
03:47
which are abstractions.
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๊ตญ๋ฏผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€์š”.
03:48
We pay taxes, we vote occasionally,
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๊ตญ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด๊ณ , ๊ฐ€๋”์”ฉ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
03:52
we watch the men and women we choose rule
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
03:56
rule more or less without us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ด€์—ฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์ด ํ†ต์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ง€์ผœ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
Not so in those homes known as our towns
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งˆ์„๊ณผ
04:03
and cities where we live.
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๋„์‹œ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์ง€์š”.
04:05
Moreover, today, more than half of the world's population
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ด์ƒ์ด
04:10
live in cities.
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๋„์‹œ์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
In the developed world, it's about 78 percent.
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์„ ์ง„๊ตญ๋“ค์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ 78 ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
More than three out of four people
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋„ค๋ช… ์ค‘ ์…‹์„ ๋„˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
04:18
live in urban institutions, urban places,
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๋„์‹œ ๊ธฐ๊ด€, ๋„์‹œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„,
04:22
in cities today.
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๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
So cities are where the action is.
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๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
04:27
Cities are us. Aristotle said in the ancient world,
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๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์‹œ์ ˆ ์•„๋ฆฌ์Šคํ† ํ…”๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š”
04:30
man is a political animal.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
I say we are an urban animal.
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์ €๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๋„์‹œ์ ์ธ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
We are an urban species, at home in our cities.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„ํšŒ์  ์ข…์ด๊ณ  ๋„์‹œ์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
So to come back to the dilemma,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด์ œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์˜ ๋”œ๋ ˆ๋งˆ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:43
if the dilemma is we have old-fashioned
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ตฌ์‹์˜
04:46
political nation-states unable to govern the world,
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์ •์น˜์  ๊ตญ๋ฏผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์Šค๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:50
respond to the global challenges that we face
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ™์€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์  ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ• 
04:53
like climate change,
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๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋”œ๋ ˆ๋งˆ๋ผ๋ฉด
04:55
then maybe it's time for mayors to rule the world,
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ์š”.
05:01
for mayors and the citizens and the peoples they represent
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์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
05:04
to engage in global governance.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์šด์˜์— ์ง์ ‘ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€์š”.
05:10
When I say if mayors ruled the world,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ต์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ,
05:12
when I first came up with that phrase,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ƒˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
05:14
it occurred to me that actually, they already do.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
There are scores of international, inter-city,
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ตญ์ œ์ , ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ„,
05:23
cross-border institutions, networks of cities
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๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค๊ณผ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ง์ด ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
in which cities are already, quite quietly,
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๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฏธ, ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ,
05:30
below the horizon, working together
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์ง€ํ‰์„  ์•„๋ž˜์„œ ์„œ๋กœ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ
05:33
to deal with climate change, to deal with security,
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”, ์•ˆ์ „,
05:36
to deal with immigration,
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์ด๋ฏผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€
05:37
to deal with all of those tough,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•ž์— ๋†“์—ฌ์ง„ ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ 
05:39
interdependent problems that we face.
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์ƒํ˜ธ ์˜์กด์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ํ’€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
They have strange names:
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฆ„๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
05:45
UCLG,
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UCLG,
05:48
United Cities and Local Governments;
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ง€๋ฐฉ ์ž์น˜ ๋‹จ์ฒด ์—ฐํ•ฉ,
05:53
ICLEI,
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์ดํด๋ ˆ์ด (ICLEI),
05:55
the International Council for Local Environmental Issues.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ง€๋ฐฉ ๋‹จ์ฒด ๊ตญ์ œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ํ˜‘์˜ํšŒ,
06:00
And the list goes on:
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๊ทธ ๋ชฉ๋ก์€ ๊ณ„์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
Citynet in Asia; City Protocol, a new organization
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์•„์‹œ์•„์—๋Š” ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋„ท์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ฐ”๋ฅด์…€๋กœ๋‚˜์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ
06:05
out of Barcelona that is using the web
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ธ ์”จํ‹ฐ ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ(City Protocol)์€
06:08
to share best practices among countries.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์‹ค๋ก€๋“ค์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
And then all the things we know a little better,
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๊ทธ ์™ธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ๋” ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
06:13
the U.S. Conference of Mayors,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‹œ์žฅ ํ˜‘์˜ํšŒ,
06:14
the Mexican Conference of Mayors,
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๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ” ์‹œ์žฅ ํ˜‘์˜ํšŒ,
06:16
the European Conference of Mayors.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์‹œ์žฅ ํ˜‘์˜ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
Mayors are where this is happening.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐ์— ์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
And so the question is,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
06:27
how can we create a world
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค๊ณผ
06:29
in which mayors and the citizens they represent
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด
06:33
play a more prominent role?
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๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
06:35
Well, to understand that,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
06:38
we need to understand why cities are special,
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์™œ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ์ง€,
06:42
why mayors are so different
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์™œ ์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๊ณผ๋Š”
06:44
than prime ministers and presidents,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
because my premise is that a mayor and a prime minister
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €์˜ ์ „์ œ์—์„œ ์‹œ์žฅ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์€
06:50
are at the opposite ends of a political spectrum.
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์ •์น˜ ์˜์—ญ์˜ ์–‘์ชฝ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ๋์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
To be a prime minister or a president,
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์ˆ˜์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
06:56
you have to have an ideology,
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์ด๋…์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:59
you have to have a meta-narrative,
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
07:01
you have to have a theory of how things work,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผ์ด ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผํ•˜๊ณ ,
07:03
you have to belong to a party.
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ํ•œ ์ •๋‹น์˜ ์ผ์›์ด์–ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
Independents, on the whole,
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์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ ๋…๋ฆฝ ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์€
07:07
don't get elected to office.
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์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์ง€์š”.
07:08
But mayors are just the opposite.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ๊ทธ ์ •๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
Mayors are pragmatists, they're problem-solvers.
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์‹œ์žฅ์€ ์‹ค์šฉ์ฃผ์˜์ž์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
Their job is to get things done, and if they don't,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž„๋ฌด๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์™„์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด
07:17
they're out of a job.
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์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
Mayor Nutter of Philadelphia said,
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ํ•„๋ผ๋ธํ”ผ์•„์˜ ๋„ˆํ„ฐ ์‹œ์žฅ์€
07:23
we could never get away here in Philadelphia
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์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด์‹์˜ ์ •์น˜๋Š”
07:26
with the stuff that goes on in Washington,
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ํ•„๋ผ๋ธํ”ผ์•„์‹œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆผ๋„ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
the paralysis, the non-action, the inaction.
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๋งˆ๋น„, ๋น„ํ–‰๋™, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‹คํ–‰๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์š”.
07:33
Why? Because potholes have to get filled,
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์™œ๋ƒ๊ตฌ์š”? ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹œ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋„๋กœ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ฉ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
07:38
because the trains have to run,
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์ „์ฒ ์ด ์šดํ–‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
07:40
because kids have to be able to get to school.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ํ•™๊ต์— ๋‹ค๋‹ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
07:43
And that's what we have to do,
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
and to do that is about pragmatism
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹์œผ๋กœ, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
07:47
in that deep, American sense,
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๊นŠ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์„ ๋…ผํ•˜๋Š”
07:49
reaching outcomes.
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์‹ค์šฉ์ฃผ์˜์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
Washington, Beijing, Paris, as world capitals,
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์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด, ๋ฒ ์ด์ง•, ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ˆ˜๋„๋กœ์„œ๋Š”
07:57
are anything but pragmatic,
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์ „ํ˜€ ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์ง€์š”.
08:00
but real city mayors have to be pragmatists.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง„์งœ ์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์šฉ์ฃผ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
They have to get things done,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
08:05
they have to put ideology and religion and ethnicity aside
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์ด๋…, ์ข…๊ต, ๋ฏผ์กฑ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜์„œ
08:08
and draw their cities together.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด๋ชจ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
We saw this a couple of decades ago
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ 80-90๋…„๋Œ€
08:13
when Teddy Kollek, the great mayor of Jerusalem
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์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฃจ์‚ด๋ ˜์˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด์—ˆ๋˜
08:16
in the '80s and the '90s,
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ํ…Œ๋”” ์ฝœ๋ ‰์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
was besieged one day in his office
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์–ด๋Š๋‚  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ
08:22
by religious leaders from all of the backgrounds,
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ข…๊ต ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์Œ“์—ฌ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
Christian prelates, rabbis, imams.
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๊ธฐ๋…๊ต์˜ ๊ณ ์œ„ ์„ฑ์ง์ž, ๋ž๋น„, ์ด๋ง˜๋“ค์ด์š”.
08:29
They were arguing with one another
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„ฑ์ง€๋“ค์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ๊ถŒ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด
08:31
about access to the holy sites.
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์„œ๋กœ ์–ธ์Ÿํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
And the squabble went on and on,
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์˜ฅ์‹ ๊ฐ์‹ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ด ๋๋‚˜์งˆ ์•Š์•˜์ง€์š”.
08:35
and Kollek listened and listened,
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์ฝœ๋ ‰์€ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๋“ฃ๋‹ค๊ฐ€,
08:37
and he finally said, "Gentlemen,
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๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„,
08:41
spare me your sermons,
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์„ค๊ต๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋งŒ ๋‘์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
and I will fix your sewers."
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ด€์„ ๊ณ ์ณ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€์š”."
08:46
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
08:47
That's what mayors do.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
They fix sewers, they get the trains running.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ด€์„ ๊ณ ์น˜๊ณ , ์ „์ฒ ์„ ์šดํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
There isn't a left or a right way of doing.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์—๋Š” ์šฐํŒŒ๋ƒ ์ขŒํŒŒ๋ƒ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
Boris Johnson in London calls himself an anarcho-Tory.
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ๋ณด๋ฆฌ์Šค ์กด์Šจ์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์•„๋‚˜์ฝ”-ํ† ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
Strange term, but in some ways, he is.
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์ด์ƒํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์–ด์ฐŒ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋งž๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
09:02
He's a libertarian. He's an anarchist.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์œ ์˜์ง€๋ก ์ž๋ฉฐ ๋ฌด์ •๋ถ€์ฃผ์˜์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
He rides to work on a bike,
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์ถœ๊ทผํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
09:05
but at the same time, he's in some ways a conservative.
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๋™์‹œ์— ๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ฃผ์˜์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
Bloomberg in New York was a Democrat,
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๋‰ด์š•์˜ ๋ธ”๋ฃธ๋ฒ„๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น์›์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€,
09:12
then he was a Republican,
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09:12
and finally he was an Independent, and said
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๊ณตํ™”๋‹น์›์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์€ ๋…๋ฆฝ ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด ๋˜์„œ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
the party label just gets in the way.
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์ •๋‹น์˜ ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌํ‘œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ•ด๋งŒ ๋  ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
09:17
Luzhkov, 20 years mayor in Moscow,
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20๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋ชจ์Šคํฌ๋ฐ”์˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ์ง€๋‚ธ ๋ฃจ์‰ฌ์ฝ”ํ”„๋Š”
09:20
though he helped found a party, United Party with Putin,
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ํ‘ธํ‹ด๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐํ•ฉ๋‹น์„ ์„ธ์› ์ง€๋งŒ
09:23
in fact refused to be defined by the party
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ •๋‹น์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ •์˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
09:27
and finally, in fact, lost his job not under Brezhnev,
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ฃผ๋„คํ”„๋„, ๊ณ ๋ฅด๋ฐ”์ดˆํ”„๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ
09:30
not under Gorbachev, but under Putin,
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๋” ์‹ ์‹คํ•œ ์ •์น˜ ๋‹น์›์„ ์›ํ–ˆ๋˜
09:33
who wanted a more faithful party follower.
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ํ‘ธํ‹ด์— ์˜ํ•ด ์‚ฌํ‡ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
So mayors are pragmatists and problem-solvers.
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์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์šฉ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ž๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
They get things done.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
But the second thing about mayors
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
09:44
is they are also what I like to call homeboys,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
or to include the women mayors, homies.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ ์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค๋„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ์š”.
09:51
They're from the neighborhood.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋™๋„ค ์ถœ์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
They're part of the neighborhood. They're known.
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๋™๋„ค์˜ ์ผ์›์ด๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์ง€์š”.
09:55
Ed Koch used to wander around New York City
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์—๋“œ ์ฝ”์น˜๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
09:57
saying, "How am I doing?"
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"์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์„ ์ž˜ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?" ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
Imagine David Cameron
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์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋ฐ์ด๋น— ์นด๋ฉ”๋ก ์ด
10:01
wandering around the United Kingdom
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์˜๊ตญ์„ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
10:03
asking, "How am I doing?" He wouldn't like the answer.
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"์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์„ ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฑธ์š”. ์ข‹์€ ๋‹ต์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
Or Putin. Or any national leader.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ‘ธํ‹ด์€์š”. ํ˜น์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋„์ž๋ผ๋„์š”.
10:09
He could ask that because he knew New Yorkers
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์—๋“œ ์ฝ”์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‰ด์š• ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
10:11
and they knew him.
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๋‰ด์š• ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
Mayors are usually from the places they govern.
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์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ด€ํ• ํ•˜๋Š” ๋„์‹œ ์ถœ์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
It's pretty hard to be a carpetbagger and be a mayor.
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๋œจ๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์ถœ๋งˆ์ž๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ์–ด๋ ต์ฃ .
10:19
You can run for the Senate out of a different state,
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์ƒ์› ์˜์› ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ ์ถœ์‹ ์ด๋ผ๋„ ์ถœ๋งˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
10:21
but it's hard to do that as a mayor.
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์‹œ์žฅ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ํž˜๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
And as a result, mayors and city councillors
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค๊ณผ ์‹œ ์˜ํšŒ ์˜์›๋“ค
10:27
and local authorities
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์ง€๋ฐฉ ๋‹จ์ฒด ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž๋“ค์€
10:29
have a much higher trust level,
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์‹ ์ž„์„ ์–ป๊ณ ,
10:31
and this is the third feature about mayors,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ค‘์•™ ์ •๋ถ€ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
10:34
than national governing officials.
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์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํŠน์ง•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
In the United States, we know the pathetic figures:
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ํ•œ์‹ฌํ•œ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ์ฃ .
10:39
18 percent of Americans approve of Congress
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ 18 ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋งŒ์ด ์˜ํšŒ์™€
10:44
and what they do.
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์˜ํšŒ ํ™œ๋™ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
And even with a relatively popular president like Obama,
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๋น„๊ต์  ์ธ๊ธฐ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ธ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๋„
10:49
the figures for the Presidency run about 40, 45,
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์ง€์ง€๋„๊ฐ€ 40-45 ํผ์„ผํŠธ,
10:52
sometimes 50 percent at best.
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๋†’์•„๋ดค์ž 50ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ํ˜•๊ตญ์ด์ฃ .
10:54
The Supreme Court has fallen way down from what it used to be.
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๋Œ€๋ฒ•์›์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ทธ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•œ์ฐธ ์ถ”๋ฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
But when you ask, "Do you trust your city councillor,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด "๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์‹œ ์˜์›๊ณผ
11:01
do you trust your mayor?"
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์‹œ์žฅ์„ ๋ฏฟ์œผ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
11:03
the rates shoot up to 70, 75, even 80 percent,
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๊ธ์ •์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š” 70, 75 ํผ์„ผํŠธ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด 80ํผ์„ผํŠธ ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
because they're from the neighborhood,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋™๋„ค ์ถœ์‹ ์ด๊ณ 
11:10
because the people they work with are their neighbors,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ณง ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์›ƒ์ด๋ฉฐ,
11:13
because, like Mayor Booker in Newark,
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๋‰ด์•„ํฌ์˜ ์‹œ์žฅ ๋ถ€์ปค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
11:16
a mayor is likely to get out of his car on the way to work
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์ถœ๊ทผ๊ธธ์— ๋ถˆํƒ€๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
11:20
and go in and pull people out of a burning building --
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์ฐจ์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ตฌํ•ด๋‚ผ ๋งŒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
that happened to Mayor Booker --
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๋ถ€์ปค ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค --
11:25
or intervene in a mugging in the street as he goes to work
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ํ˜น์€ ์ถœ๊ทผ๊ธธ์— ๊ฐ•๋„์งˆ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
11:28
because he sees it.
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋ ค๊ณ  ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค ๋งŒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€์š”.
11:29
No head of state would be permitted
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋„์ž ์ค‘ ๊ทธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„
11:31
by their security details to do it,
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์•ˆ๋ณด ๊ด€๊ณ„์ƒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
nor be in a position to do it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
11:35
That's the difference, and the difference
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€
11:37
has to do with the character of cities themselves,
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๋„์‹œ ๋ณธ์—ฐ์˜ ํŠน์ง•๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:39
because cities are profoundly multicultural,
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๋„์‹œ๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์ ์ด๋ฉฐ,
11:46
open, participatory, democratic,
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์—ด๋ ค์žˆ๊ณ , ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ ์ด๊ณ , ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ,
11:50
able to work with one another.
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์„œ๋กœ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
When states face each other,
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๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋ฉดํ•˜๋ฉด,
11:55
China and the U.S., they face each other like this.
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์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์„œ๋กœ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€๋ฉดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
When cities interact, they interact like this.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ์†Œํ†ตํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”, ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์†Œํ†ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
China and the U.S., despite the recent
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์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€, ์ตœ๊ทผ์˜
12:08
meta-meeting in California,
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์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ€-๋ฏธํŒ…์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
12:10
are locked in all kinds of anger, resentment, and rivalry
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์˜จ๊ฐ– ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ถ„๋…ธ, ๋ถ„๊ฐœ, ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์‹ฌ์—
12:15
for number one.
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๋ฌถ์—ฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
We heard more about who will be number one.
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๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฑด์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
12:19
Cities don't worry about number one.
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๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฑด์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ผ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:21
They have to work together, and they do work together.
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๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
They work together in climate change, for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€์š”.
12:27
Organizations like the C40, like ICLEI, which I mentioned,
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C40 ๋‚˜ ์•„๊นŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•œ ์ดํด๋ ˆ์ด (ICLEI) ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์€
12:31
have been working together
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์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ํšŒ์˜ ์ด์ „ ์ˆ˜๋…„ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
12:33
many, many years before Copenhagen.
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์„œ๋กœ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
In Copenhagen, four or five years ago,
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4-5๋…„์ „์— ์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ์—์„œ๋Š”
12:37
184 nations came together to explain to one another
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184๊ฐœ๊ตญ์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ์„œ ์„œ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ž์ฃผ๊ถŒ์ด
12:41
why their sovereignty didn't permit them
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์ด ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์œ„๊ธฐ์—
12:43
to deal with the grave, grave crisis of climate change,
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๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ง‰๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
but the mayor of Copenhagen had invited
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ์˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด
12:51
200 mayors to attend.
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200๋ช…์˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ์ดˆ์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
They came, they stayed, and they found ways
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์™€์„œ, ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๋ฉฐ, ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
12:55
and are still finding ways to work together,
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค๋ผ๋ฆฌ
12:58
city-to-city, and through inter-city organizations.
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๋„์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
Eighty percent of carbon emissions come from cities,
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์˜ 80%๊ฐ€ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณ ,
13:06
which means cities are in a position
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฌธ์ œ, ํ˜น์€ ๊ทธ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„
13:08
to solve the carbon problem, or most of it,
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
whether or not the states of which they are a part
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด
13:14
make agreements with one another.
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์„œ๋กœ ํ•ฉ์˜ํ•˜๋“ ์ง€ ๋ง๋“ ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด์š”.
13:16
And they are doing it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
Los Angeles cleaned up its port,
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๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ์‹œ์˜ ํ•ญ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•ด
13:19
which was 40 percent of carbon emissions,
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์˜ 40 %๋ฅผ ์ค„์˜€๊ณ 
13:22
and as a result got rid of about 20 percent of carbon.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ 20 %๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
New York has a program to upgrade its old buildings,
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๋‰ด์š•์‹œ๋Š” ์‹œ์˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:28
make them better insulated in the winter,
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๊ฒจ์šธ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ˆ์—ฐ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
13:32
to not leak energy in the summer,
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์—ฌ๋ฆ„์—๋Š” ์—์–ด์ปจ์ด ์ƒˆ๋‚˜๊ฐ€
13:34
not leak air conditioning. That's having an impact.
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก์š”. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
Bogota, where Mayor Mockus,
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๋ณด๊ณ ํƒ€์˜ ๋ชจ์ปค์Šค ์‹œ์žฅ์€
13:38
when he was mayor, he introduced a transportation system
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์ง€์ƒ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋“ค์ด ์ „์ฒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
13:43
that saved energy, that allowed surface buses
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ํ†ต๋กœ๋กœ ๊ธ‰ํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋…€
13:47
to run in effect like subways,
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
13:49
express buses with corridors.
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๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
It helped unemployment, because people could get across town,
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์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ์„ ๋„์™€ ์‹ค์—…๋ฅ ๋„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”์—ˆ๊ณ 
13:54
and it had a profound impact on climate as well as
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฉด์—์„œ
13:58
many other things there.
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๊นŠ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
Singapore, as it developed its high-rises
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์‹ฑ๊ฐ€ํด์€ ๊ณ ์ธต ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๊ณผ
14:02
and its remarkable public housing,
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€์œผ๋ฉฐ
14:03
also developed an island of parks,
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๊พธ๋ฉฐ์ง„ ์„ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์›์„ ์กฐ์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
and if you go there, you'll see how much of it
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ€์‹œ๋ฉด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด
14:09
is green land and park land.
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์ˆฒ์ด๊ณ  ๊ณต์› ์ง€์—ญ์ธ์ง€ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
14:10
Cities are doing this, but not just one by one.
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๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค ๋”ฐ๋กœ๋”ฐ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
14:13
They are doing it together.
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๋‹ค ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:14
They are sharing what they do,
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ํ•  ์ผ์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ 
14:18
and they are making a difference by shared best practices.
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์„œ๋กœ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์‹ค๋ก€๋“ค์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ”์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
Bike shares, many of you have heard of it,
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๊ณต์œ ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:23
started 20 or 30 years ago in Latin America.
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2-30๋…„์ „ ๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
14:26
Now it's in hundreds of cities around the world.
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์ด์ œ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๊ณต์œ ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
Pedestrian zones, congestion fees,
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ํ–‰์ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ, ํ˜ผ์žก ํ†ตํ–‰๋ฃŒ,
14:31
emission limits in cities like California cities have,
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์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‹œ๋‚ด ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ์ œํ•œ
14:35
there's lots and lots that cities can do
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๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
even when opaque, stubborn nations refuse to act.
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๋ถˆํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ์ง‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„์š”.
14:47
So what's the bottom line here?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
14:51
The bottom line is, we still live politically
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๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ •์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”
14:54
in a world of borders, a world of boundaries,
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๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„, ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„,
14:57
a world of walls,
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์žฅ๋ฒฝ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„,
14:58
a world where states refuse to act together.
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:04
Yet we know that the reality we experience
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์ƒ ์†์—์„œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์€
15:08
day to day is a world without borders,
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๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์ด๊ณ ,
15:12
a world of diseases without borders
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์งˆ๋ณ‘์—๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์ด๋ฉฐ,
15:15
and doctors without borders,
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๋˜ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์—†๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
maladies sans frontiรจres, Mรฉdecins Sans Frontiรจres,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์—†๋Š” ์งˆ๋ณ‘๋“ค, ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์—†๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค,
15:22
of economics and technology without borders,
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๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์™€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ,
15:28
of education without borders,
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๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์—†๋Š” ๊ต์œก,
15:30
of terrorism and war without borders.
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๋˜ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์—†๋Š” ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜๊ณผ ์ „์Ÿ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
That is the real world, and unless we find a way
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜„์‹ค์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
15:36
to globalize democracy or democratize globalization,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:42
we will increasingly not only risk
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„
15:46
the failure to address all of these transnational problems,
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์ ์  ๋” ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
15:50
but we will risk losing democracy itself,
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์žƒ์„ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋” ๋†’์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:54
locked up in the old nation-state box,
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๊ตญ๋ฏผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ์ž์•ˆ์— ๊ฐ€๋‘ฌ์ ธ
15:59
unable to address global problems democratically.
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๊ตญ์ œ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ์š”.
16:04
So where does that leave us?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
16:07
I'll tell you. The road to global democracy
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๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€์š”. ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋กœ์˜ ๊ธธ์€
16:10
doesn't run through states.
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:12
It runs through cities.
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๊ทธ ๊ธธ์€ ๋„์‹œ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
Democracy was born in the ancient polis.
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋„์‹œ(ํด๋ฆฌ์Šค) ์—์„œ ํƒ„์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:20
I believe it can be reborn in the global cosmopolis.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋„์‹œ(์ฝ”์Šค๋ชจํด๋ฆฌ์Šค) ์—์„œ ์žฌํƒ„์ƒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:25
In that journey from polis to cosmopolis,
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๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ธธ์—์„œ
16:29
we can rediscover the power
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ํž˜์„
16:31
of democracy on a global level.
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๊ตญ์ œ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:34
We can create not a League of Nations, which failed,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์‹คํŒจํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ ์—ฐ๋งน์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
16:38
but a League of Cities,
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๋„์‹œ ์—ฐ๋งน์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ,
16:39
not a United or a dis-United Nations,
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๊ตญ์ œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ, ํ˜น์€ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
16:42
but United Cities of the World.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋„์‹œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ์„ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:44
We can create a global parliament of mayors.
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์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์˜ํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
16:48
That's an idea. It's in my conception of the coming world,
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์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์ฃ . ์ด๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
16:52
but it's also on the table in City Halls
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ์˜ ์„œ์šธ์ด๋‚˜
16:55
in Seoul, Korea, in Amsterdam,
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์•”์Šคํ…Œ๋ฅด๋‹ด, ํ•จ๋ถ€๋ฅดํฌ, ๋‰ด์š•์˜
16:58
in Hamburg, and in New York.
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์‹œ์ฒญ์— ์‹ค์กดํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:00
Mayors are considering that idea of how you can actually
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์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
17:03
constitute a global parliament of mayors,
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์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํšŒ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:06
and I love that idea, because a parliament of mayors
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํšŒ๋Š”
17:09
is a parliament of citizens
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๊ณง ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํšŒ๊ณ 
17:11
and a parliament of citizens is a parliament of us,
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์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํšŒ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํšŒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:15
of you and of me.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €์˜ ์˜ํšŒ์š”.
17:18
If ever there were citizens without borders,
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๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์—†๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
17:23
I think it's the citizens of TED
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ด TED์˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:25
who show the promise to be those citizens without borders.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์—†๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
17:28
I am ready to reach out and embrace
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ
17:33
a new global democracy,
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๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:35
to take back our democracy.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€์š”.
17:38
And the only question is,
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๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋‚จ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€,
17:41
are you?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฐ€์š”?
17:43
Thank you so much, my fellow citizens.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‚˜์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ ์‹œ๋ฏผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
17:45
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
17:56
Thank you. (Applause)
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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