The inside story of the Paris climate agreement | Christiana Figueres

283,090 views

2016-05-11 ・ TED


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The inside story of the Paris climate agreement | Christiana Figueres

283,090 views ・ 2016-05-11

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Ju Hye Lim κ²€ν† : JY Kang
00:12
I have one more reason for optimism:
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μ œκ°€ 낙관적인 μ΄μœ λŠ” λ”± ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:15
climate change.
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κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™”μš”.
00:16
Maybe you don't believe it, but here is the fact.
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λͺ» λ―ΏμœΌμ‹€μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ 사싀이 κ·Έλ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:20
On December 12, 2015,
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2015λ…„ 12μ›” 12일에
00:24
in Paris, under the United Nations,
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νŒŒλ¦¬μ—μ„œ, UN의 주재 ν•˜μ—
00:27
195 governments got together
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195개ꡭ의 μ •λΆ€κ°€ ν•¨κ»˜
00:31
and unanimously --
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만μž₯일치둜..
00:34
if you've worked with governments, you know how difficult that is --
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정뢀와 일해 λ³΄μ…¨μœΌλ©΄ 이게 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ νž˜λ“  건지 μ•„μ‹€ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
00:37
unanimously decided
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만μž₯일치둜
세계 경제의 λ°©ν–₯을 μ™„μ „νžˆ λ°”κΎΈκΈ°λ‘œ κ²°μ •ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:40
to intentionally change the course of the global economy
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00:44
in order to protect the most vulnerable
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μ•½μžλ₯Ό λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜κ³ 
00:47
and improve the life of all of us.
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘μ˜ μ‚Άμ˜ μ§ˆμ„ μ¦μ§„μ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œμš”.
00:50
Now, that is a remarkable achievement.
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이건 정말 λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ μ—…μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:52
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
00:55
But it is even more remarkable
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뢈과 λͺ‡ λ…„ μ „λ§Œ 해도
00:57
if you consider where we had been just a few years ago.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ–΄λŠ μœ„μΉ˜μ— μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό μƒκ°ν•˜λ©΄ 더 λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
2009, Copenhagen.
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2009λ…„ μ½”νŽœν•˜κ²μ„ μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
01:03
Who remembers Copenhagen?
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κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜λŠ” λΆ„ μžˆμœΌμ‹ κ°€μš”?
01:06
Well, after years of working toward a climate agreement,
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κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™”ν˜‘μ•½μ„ μœ„ν•΄ 수 λ…„ 간을 λ…Έλ ₯ν•œ 이후에
01:11
the same governments convened in Copenhagen
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λ™μΌν•œ 참가ꡭ듀이 μ½”νŽœν•˜κ²μ—μ„œ νšŒλ‹΄μ„ μ—΄μ—ˆκ³ 
01:16
and failed miserably.
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μ²˜μ°Έν•˜κ²Œ μ‹€νŒ¨ν–ˆμ£ .
01:18
Why did it fail miserably?
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μ™œ μ²˜μ°Έν•˜κ²Œ μ‹€νŒ¨ν–ˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
01:21
For many different reasons,
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μ΄μœ λŠ” λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:22
but primarily because of the deeply entrenched divide
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ£Όμš” 원인은 λ‚¨λ°˜κ΅¬ κ΅­κ°€λ“€κ³Ό 뢁반ꡬ κ΅­κ°€λ“€κ°„μ˜
01:26
between the global North and the global South.
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뿌리 κΉŠμ€ 뢄열감정 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
So now, six months after this failure,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이제, κ·Έ ν˜‘μƒμ΄ μ‹€νŒ¨ν•˜κ³  6κ°œμ›”μ΄ μ§€λ‚œ 뒀에
01:34
I was called in to assume the responsibility
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μ €λŠ” κ΅­μ œκΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™”ν˜‘μ•½μ˜ μ±…μž„μžλ₯Ό 맑게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:38
of the global climate change negotiations.
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01:40
You can imagine, the perfect moment to start this new job.
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이 일을 μƒˆλ‘œ μΆ”μ§„ν•˜κΈ°μ— 정말 μ™„λ²½ν•œ μ‹œκΈ°μ£ .
01:44
The global mood on climate change was in the trash can.
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기후변화에 λŒ€ν•œ ꡭ제적 λΆ„μœ„κΈ°λŠ” μ“°λ ˆκΈ°ν†΅μ— μ²˜λ°•ν˜€ μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
01:48
No one believed
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ꡭ제적인 ν•©μ˜κ°€ κ°€λŠ₯ν•  거라고 아무도 믿지 μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄μš”.
01:50
that a global agreement could ever be possible.
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01:54
In fact, neither did I.
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저도 사싀 μ•ˆ λ―Ώμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
01:57
If you promise not to tell anyone outside of this wonderful TED audience,
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이 TED 강연을 λ“£κ³  μ•„λ¬΄μ—κ²Œλ„ λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ² λ‹€κ³  μ•½μ†ν•΄μ£Όμ‹œλ©΄
02:02
I'm going to divulge a secret
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κ³ λ§™κ²Œλ„ 역사 속에 묻힌
02:04
that has been gratefully buried by history.
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λΉ„λ°€ ν•˜λ‚˜ μ•Œλ €λ“œλ¦΄κ²Œμš”.
02:09
On my first press conference,
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제 첫 기자회견 λ•Œ
02:12
a journalist asked, "Um, Ms. Figueres,
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ν•œ κΈ°μžκ°€ μ§ˆλ¬Έν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "ν”Όκ²Œλ ˆμŠ€ 씨,
02:15
do you think that a global agreement is ever going to be possible?"
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ꡭ제적인 ν•©μ˜κ°€ κ°€λŠ₯ν•  거라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?"
02:20
And without engaging brain, I heard me utter,
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μ €λŠ” 생각도 ν•˜κΈ° 전에 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ±‰μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:24
"Not in my lifetime."
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"μ œκ°€ μ‚΄μ•„μžˆλŠ” λ™μ•ˆμ—” 아닐 κ±°μ˜ˆμš”."
02:27
Well, you can imagine the faces of my press team
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제 μ–Έλ‘ νŒ€μ΄ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μƒˆ 상사인
02:30
who were horrified at this crazy Costa Rican woman
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이 미친 μ½”μŠ€νƒ€λ¦¬μΉ΄ μ—¬μžλ₯Ό λ°”λΌλ³΄λŠ”
02:34
who was their new boss.
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좩격 받은 얼꡴이 μƒμƒκ°€μ‹œκ² μ£ .
02:36
And I was horrified, too.
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저도 좩격에 λΉ μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
Now, I wasn't horrified at me, because I'm kind of used to myself.
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제 μžμ‹ μ—κ²Œ 좩격받은 건 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”. 제 μžμ‹ μ—κ² 적응돼 μžˆμ—ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
02:42
I was actually horrified
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μ œκ°€ ν•œ 말이 κ°€μ Έμ˜¬ 결과에 겁이 λ‚¬μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
02:44
at the consequences of what I had just said,
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02:48
at the consequences for the world
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그리고 우리 아이듀이 μ‚΄μ•„μ•Ό ν•  세계가
02:50
in which all our children are going to have to live.
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λ§ˆμ£Όν•  결과에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ 겁이 λ‚¬μ–΄μš”.
02:56
It was frankly a horrible moment for me,
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μ†”μ§νžˆ λ”μ°ν•œ μˆœκ°„μ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
02:59
and I thought, well, no, hang on,
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μ €λŠ” μƒκ°ν–ˆμ–΄μš”. μ•„λ‹ˆ, 잠깐만, 기닀렀봐.
03:01
hang on.
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잠깐만.
03:02
Impossible is not a fact,
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λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 게 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
03:06
it's an attitude.
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νƒœλ„μž–μ•„.
03:08
It's only an attitude.
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νƒœλ„μΌ 뿐이야.
03:11
And I decided right then and there that I was going to change my attitude
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έ μˆœκ°„ κ·Έ μžλ¦¬μ—μ„œ 제 νƒœλ„λ₯Ό λ°”κΎΈκΈ°λ‘œ κ²°μ‹¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
and I was going to help the world change its attitude on climate change.
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그리고 기후변화에 λŒ€ν•œ μ „μ„Έκ³„μ˜ νƒœλ„λ₯Ό λ°”κΎΈλŠ” κ±Έ λ•κΈ°λ‘œ λ§ˆμŒλ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:21
So I don't know --
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ ν•  일이-
03:24
No, just this? Thanks.
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이거면 λ˜λ‚˜μš”? κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
I don't know --
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν•  일이
03:30
what you would do
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지ꡬλ₯Ό κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” κ±°λΌλŠ” 말을
03:31
if you were told your job is to save the planet.
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λ“£κ²Œ 되면 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 뭘 ν•˜μ‹€μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² λ„€μš”.
03:37
Put that on the job description.
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직무 μ†Œκ°œλž€μ— κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ μ νžˆλŠ” μˆœκ°„
03:41
And you have full responsibility,
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λͺ¨λ“  μ±…μž„μ„ λ– λ§‘κ²Œ λ˜μ§€λ§Œ
03:43
but you have absolutely no authority,
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κΆŒν•œμ€ μ „ν˜€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
because governments are sovereign in every decision that they take.
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정뢀듀은 μžκΈ°κ°€ λ‚΄λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  결정에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ£ΌκΆŒμ„ κ°–κ³  있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
03:52
Well, I would really love to know
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄λΌλ©΄ 첫날 μ›”μš”μΌ 아침에
03:56
what you would do on the first Monday morning,
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무엇을 ν•˜μ‹€μ§€ 정말 κΆκΈˆν•΄μš”.
03:58
but here's what I did: I panicked.
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μ €λŠ” μ΄λž¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ³΅ν™©μƒνƒœμ˜€μ–΄μš”.
04:00
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:02
And then I panicked again,
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그러고 λ‚˜μ„œ 또 κ³΅ν™©μƒνƒœμ— 빠쑌죠.
04:04
because I realized I have no idea how we're going to solve this problem.
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이 문제λ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•΄κ²°ν•΄μ•Ό 할지 μ „ν˜€ λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
04:09
And then I realized I have no idea how we're going to solve this problem,
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그러고 λ‚˜μ„œ 이 문제λ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•΄κ²°ν•΄μ•Ό ν• μ§€λŠ” μ „ν˜€ λͺ¨λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œ
04:13
but I do know one thing:
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ν•œ κ°€μ§€λŠ” μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
04:16
we have got to change the tone of this conversation.
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λŒ€ν™”μ˜ μ–΄μ‘°λ₯Ό λ°”κΏ”μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ˜€μ–΄μš”.
04:21
Because there is no way you can deliver victory
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승리둜 이끌 수 μžˆλŠ” μœ μΌν•œ 방법은
04:24
without optimism.
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낙관적 μ‹œκ°μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
04:27
And here,
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μ œκ°€ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ
04:28
I use optimism as a very simple word,
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λ‚™κ΄€μ£Όμ˜λ₯Ό λ‹¨μˆœν•œ μš©μ–΄λ‘œ μ“°κ³  μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
04:33
but let's understand it in its broader sense.
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더 넓은 의미둜 μ΄ν•΄ν•΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
04:36
Let's understand it as courage,
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λ‚™κ΄€μ£Όμ˜λ₯Ό μš©κΈ°μ™€
04:38
hope, trust, solidarity,
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희망, μ‹ λ’°, μ—°λŒ€λ‘œ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ ν•˜μ£ .
04:42
the fundamental belief that we humans can come together
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더 λ‚˜μ€ 인λ₯˜μ˜ 운λͺ…을 μœ„ν•΄ νž˜μ„ 합쳐
04:47
and can help each other to better the fate of mankind.
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μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό λ„μšΈ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 근본적인 λ―ΏμŒμ΄μš”.
04:51
Well, you can imagine that I thought that without that,
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μ €λŠ” 이런 믿음 μ—†μ΄λŠ”
04:54
there was no way we were going to get out of the paralysis of Copenhagen.
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μ½”νŽœν•˜κ² νšŒλ‹΄ λ•Œμ²˜λŸΌ 경직된 νƒœλ„μ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚  수 μ—†λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:57
And for six years,
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6λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ
04:59
I have stubbornly, relentlessly injected optimism into the system,
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μ €λŠ” 고집뢀리며 끈질기게 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ μ•ˆμ— λ‚™κ΄€μ£Όμ˜λ₯Ό μ£Όμž…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:05
no matter what the questions from the press --
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언둠맀체가 무슨 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ λ˜μ§€λ“  간에 말이죠.
05:08
and I have gotten better at those --
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κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ λŒ€μ‘ν•˜λŠ” μ‹€λ ₯도 λŠ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:10
and no matter what the evidence to the contrary.
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그리고 뭐라고 λ°˜μ¦ν•˜λ“  상관없이 κ³„μ†ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
And believe you me, there has been a lot of contrary evidence.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ°˜λ‘ λ“€μ΄ 정말 λ§Žμ•˜μ£ .
05:21
But relentless optimism into the system.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ μ•ˆμ— 끈질기게 낙관적인 μ‹œκ°μ„ μ£Όμž…ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
05:26
And pretty soon,
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그러자 μ–Όλ§ˆ μ§€λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„
05:28
we began to see changes happening in many areas,
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λ§Žμ€ λΆ€λΆ„μ—μ„œ λ³€ν™”κ°€ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:34
precipitated by thousands of people,
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였늘 이 μžλ¦¬μ— 계신 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ„ ν¬ν•¨ν•΄μ„œ
05:37
including many of you here today,
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수 천 λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° μ΄‰λ°œλœ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
05:40
and I thank you.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ κ°μ‚¬λ“œλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:42
And this TED community will not be surprised
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TED κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ—μ„œλŠ” λ†€λΌμš΄ 일도 μ•„λ‹ˆκ² μ§€λ§Œ
05:47
if I tell you the first area
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κ°€μž₯ λ¨Όμ €
05:49
in which we saw remarkable change
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μ£Όλͺ©ν• λ§Œν•œ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό 보인 λΆ„μ•ΌλŠ”
05:52
was ...
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λ°”λ‘œ..
05:55
technology.
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κΈ°μˆ λΆ„μ•Όμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
We began to see that clean technologies,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ²­μ •κΈ°μˆ μ΄, 특히, μž¬μƒ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 기술이
06:00
in particular renewable energy technologies,
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생산 λŠ₯λ ₯은 μ¦κ°€ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ 가격은 떨어지기 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λŠ” κ±Έ
06:02
began to drop price and increase in capacity,
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λͺ©κ²©ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:05
to the point where today we are already building
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였늘 λ‚  λ„μ‹œ 전체에 μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό 곡급할 수 μžˆλŠ”
06:08
concentrated solar power plants
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νƒœμ–‘κ΄‘ λ°œμ „μ†Œλ₯Ό
06:10
that have the capacity to power entire cities,
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건섀할 수 μžˆλŠ” μˆ˜μ€€κΉŒμ§€ 였게 λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
06:14
to say nothing of the fact of what we are doing on mobility
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μ΄λ™μˆ˜λ‹¨κ³Ό μŠ€λ§ˆνŠΈλΉŒλ”©μ— κ΄€ν•œ κΈ°μˆ λ“€μ€
06:18
and intelligent buildings.
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μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•  ν•„μš”λ„ 없을 μ •λ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:21
And with this shift in technologies,
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κΈ°μˆ λΆ„μ•Όμ— μ°Ύμ•„μ˜¨ 이런 λ³€ν™”λ‘œ
06:24
we were able to begin to understand
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우리 경제 λ¬Έμ œμ—λ„ 변동이 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ
06:27
that there was a shift in the economic equation,
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이해할 수 있게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:31
because we were able to recognize
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κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™”μ—λŠ” λ§‰λŒ€ν•œ λΉ„μš©μ΄ λ”°λ₯΄κ³ 
06:33
that yes, there are huge costs to climate change,
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볡합적인 μœ„ν—˜μ΄ μˆ˜λ°˜λœλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ
06:36
and yes, there are compounded risks.
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인식할 수 μžˆμ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
06:39
But there also are economic advantages
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 경제적인 이득은 물둠이고
06:42
and intrinsic benefits,
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잠재된 ν˜œνƒλ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:43
because the dissemination of the clean technologies
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ²­μ •κΈ°μˆ μ˜ 보급은 μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ
06:46
is going to bring us cleaner air,
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더 맑은 곡기와
06:50
better health,
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더 λ‚˜μ€ 건강
06:52
better transportation, more livable cities,
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더 λ‚˜μ€ κ΅ν†΅μˆ˜λ‹¨κ³Ό μ‚΄κΈ° 쒋은 λ„μ‹œλ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜κ³ 
06:54
more energy security,
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κ°œλ°œλ„μƒκ΅­μ—κ²ŒλŠ”
06:56
more energy access to the developing world.
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더 μ•ˆμ •μ μΈ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 곡급과 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 접근성을 κ°€μ Έλ‹€ 쀄 κ±°λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
06:59
In sum, a better world than what we have now.
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μ’…ν•©μ μœΌλ‘œ, μ§€κΈˆλ³΄λ‹€ 더 λ‚˜μ€ 세상을 κ°€μ Έλ‹€ μ£ΌλŠ”κ±°μ£ .
07:03
And with that understanding,
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이것에 λŒ€ν•œ 이해와 ν•¨κ»˜
07:06
you should have witnessed, in fact, part of you were,
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μ§€ν˜œμ™€ μ—΄κΈ°κ°€ ν™•μ‚°λ˜λŠ” 것을 λͺ©κ²©ν•˜κ³ 
07:10
the spread of ingenuity and excitement
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ μŠ€μŠ€λ‘œλ„ λŠλΌμ…¨μ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:14
that went through, first through nonnational governments,
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κ°€μž₯ λ¨Όμ € 비정뢀단체λ₯Ό 톡해 ν™•μ‚°λ˜κ³ 
07:18
the private sector, captains of industry, insurance companies,
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κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ—λŠ” 민간뢀문인 μ‚°μ—… 리더와 λ³΄ν—˜νšŒμ‚¬
07:22
investors, city leaders, faith communities,
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투자자, μ‹œ λ‹Ήκ΅­μž, 쒅ꡐ μ§‘λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œ 퍼져 λ‚˜κ°”μ£ .
07:27
because they all began to understand, this actually can be in their interest.
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λͺ¨λ‘λ“€ 이게 μžμ‹ μ˜ 이읡과도 관련이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
07:32
This can actually improve their bottom line.
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이게 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 재무ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό κ°œμ„ ν•  수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:37
And it wasn't just the usual suspects.
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기업이 유λ ₯ν•œ 용의자인 κ²ƒλ§Œμ€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:44
I have to tell you I had the CEO of a major, major oil and gas company
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μž‘λ…„ μ΄ˆμ— μ •μœ  및 κ°€μŠ€ λŒ€κΈ°μ—…μ˜ ν•œ CEOκ°€ μ €λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„μ™€μ„œ
07:50
come to me at the beginning of last year
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν˜Έμ†Œν•œ 적도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:52
and say --
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이런 말을 ν–ˆμ£ .
07:54
privately, of course --
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λ¬Όλ‘  μ‚¬μ μœΌλ‘œμš”.
07:57
he did not know how he was going to change his company,
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κ·ΈλŠ” 자기 기업을 λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚¬ 방법을 μ•Œκ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:01
but he is going to change it,
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κ·ΈλŠ” 기업을 λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚€κ³ μž ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
08:03
because he's interested in long-term viability.
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기업을 μ˜€λž˜ν† λ‘ μœ μ§€ν•˜λŠ” 데에 관심을 두고 μžˆμ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
08:06
Well, now we have a shift in the economic equation,
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이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ²½μ œλ¬Έμ œμ— λˆˆμ„ λŒλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:12
and with that, with broader support from everyone,
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 폭넓은 지지와 ν•¨κ»˜
08:16
it did not take very long before we saw that national governments
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각ꡭ μ •λΆ€κ°€ 이것이 ꡭ읡애 ν•©μΉ˜λœλ‹€λŠ” 사싀에 λˆˆμ„ λœ¨λŠ” 데
08:22
woke up to the fact that this is in their national interest.
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μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 였래 걸리지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:27
And when we asked countries to begin to identify
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°κ΅­μ—κ²Œ 자ꡭ의 ꡭ읡에 κΈ°λ°˜ν•˜μ—¬
08:31
how they could contribute to global efforts
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ꡭ제적인 λ…Έλ ₯에 μ–΄λ–€ κΈ°μ—¬λ₯Ό ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€
08:35
but based on their national interest,
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λŒ€λ‹΅ν•΄ 쀄 것을 μš”κ΅¬ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
08:38
189 countries out of 195,
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195개ꡭ 쀑 189개ꡭ이
08:42
189 countries sent their comprehensive climate change plans,
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189개ꡭ이 쒅합적인 κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” κ³„νšμ„ λ³΄λ‚΄μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:47
based on their national interest,
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자ꡭ의 이읡에 κΈ°λ°˜ν•΄μ„œ
08:49
concurrent with their priorities,
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자ꡭ의 μš°μ„ μˆœμœ„μ— 맞게
08:51
consistent with their national sustainable development plans.
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그리고 자ꡭ의 지속가λŠ₯ν•œ 개발 정책에 λΆ€ν•©ν•˜λŠ” κ³„νšμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:56
Well,
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사싀
08:58
once you protect the core interests of nations,
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자ꡭ의 핡심적인 이읡이 ν™•λ³΄λ˜κΈ°λ§Œ ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
09:04
then you can understand that nations were ready
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각ꡭ이 κ³΅ν†΅λœ 길둜 λͺ¨μ—¬λ“€ μ€€λΉ„κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ
09:07
to begin to converge onto a common path,
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μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. .
09:11
onto a common direction of travel
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같은 λ°©ν–₯으둜 λ‚˜μ•„κ°€λŠ” 여정이죠.
09:14
that is going to take us probably several decades,
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ μˆ˜μ‹­ 년이 κ±Έλ¦¬κ² μ§€λ§Œ
09:17
but over those several decades is going to take us
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κ·Έ μˆ˜μ‹­ 년이 μ§€λ‚œ 뒀에 μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
09:20
into the new economy,
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 경제λ₯Ό λ§žμ΄ν•  κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:21
into a decarbonized, highly resilient economy,
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νƒ„μ†Œκ°€ 사라진, 회볡λ ₯이 κ°•ν•œ 경제일 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:25
And the national contributions that are currently on the table
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ν˜„μž¬ μ œμ‹œλ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ”
09:28
on behalf of national governments
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각ꡭ μ •λΆ€μ˜ ꡭ가별 λ…Έλ ₯은
09:31
are insufficient to get us to a stabilized climate,
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μ•ˆμ •λœ κΈ°ν›„λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έλ‹€μ£ΌλŠ” 데 μΆ©λΆ„ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:35
but they are only the first step,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이건 첫걸음일 뿐이고
09:37
and they will improve over time.
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μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μ§€λ‚˜λ©΄μ„œ κ°œμ„ λ  κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:39
And the measurement, reporting and verification of all of those efforts
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이 λͺ¨λ“  λ…Έλ ₯에 λŒ€ν•œ 평가와 결과보고, 그리고 κ²€μ¦μ—λŠ”
09:43
is legally binding.
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법적 ꡬ속λ ₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:45
And the checkpoints that we're going to have every five years
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그리고 우리의 λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό ν–₯ν•΄ λ‚˜μ•„κ°€λŠ”
09:49
to assess collective progress towards our goal are legally binding,
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전체적인 진행상황을 ν‰κ°€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 5λ…„λ§ˆλ‹€ 싀행될 심사와
09:53
and the path itself toward a decarbonized and more resilient economy
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νƒˆνƒ„μ†Œν™”μ™€ 더 회볡λ ₯ 높은 경제둜 κ°€λŠ” κΈΈ μžμ²΄λ„
09:58
is legally binding.
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법적 ꡬ속λ ₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:00
And here's the more important part:
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더 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 게 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:02
What did we have before?
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μ˜ˆμ „μ— μ–΄λ• λ‚˜μš”?
10:03
A very small handful of countries
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μ†Œμˆ˜μ˜ κ΅­κ°€λ“€λ§Œ
10:07
who had undertaken very reduced,
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맀우 λΆˆμ™„μ „ν•˜κ³  단기적인
10:11
short-term emission reduction commitments
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λ°°μΆœλŸ‰ 감좕을 μœ„ν•œ λ…Έλ ₯을 ν–ˆκ³ 
10:14
that were completely insufficient
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μ΄λŠ” 맀우 λΆˆμΆ©λΆ„ν•  뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
10:17
and furthermore, largely perceived as a burden.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ λΆ€λ‹΄μœΌλ‘œκΉŒμ§€ μ—¬κ²¨μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:21
Now what do we have?
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ μ–΄λ–€κ°€μš”?
10:22
Now we have all countries of the world contributing with different intensities
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ μ „μ„Έκ³„μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  ꡭ가듀이 λ‹€λ₯Έ 강도와 μ ‘κ·Όλ²•μœΌλ‘œ
10:28
from different approaches in different sectors,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œ κΈ°μ—¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
10:30
but all of them contributing to a common goal
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λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ κ³΅ν†΅μ˜ λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜κ³  있고
10:35
and along a path
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κ·Έ κΈΈ μœ„μ—μ„œ
10:37
with environmental integrity.
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ν™˜κ²½ 건전성도 κ°–κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:40
Well, once you have all of this in place
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이 λͺ¨λ“  것이 이루어지고,
10:44
and you have shifted this understanding,
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이해에 λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό 가져왔기에
10:46
then you see that governments were able to go to Paris
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각ꡭ이 파리둜 μ™€μ„œ νŒŒλ¦¬ν˜‘μ •μ„
10:51
and adopt the Paris agreement.
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μ±„νƒν•˜λŠ” κ±Έ 보게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:53
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
11:01
So,
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이제
11:03
as I look back
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λ˜λŒμ•„λ³΄λ©΄
11:08
over the past six years,
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μ§€λ‚œ 6λ…„κ°„
11:14
first I remember
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제일 λ¨Όμ € κΈ°μ–΅λ‚˜λŠ” 건
11:16
the day the Paris agreement was adopted.
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파리 κΈ°ν›„ν˜‘μ •μ΄ μ±„νƒλœ λ‚ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:20
I cannot tell you the euphoria in the room.
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λ°© μ•ˆμ˜ λΆ„μœ„κΈ°κ°€ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ ν¬μ—΄λ‘œ κ°€λ“ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ°λΌμš”.
11:23
5,000 people jumping out of their seats,
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5천λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 자리λ₯Ό λ°•μ°¨κ³  μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ„œ
11:26
crying, clapping, screaming, yelling,
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울고, λ°•μˆ˜μΉ˜κ³ , λΉ„λͺ…κ³Ό μ†Œλ¦¬μ§€λ₯΄λ©°
11:30
torn between euphoria and still disbelief at what they had just seen,
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희열감과 방금 λͺ©κ²©ν•œ 것을 믿을 수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” κ°μ •μœΌλ‘œ μ–΄μ°Œν•  쀄 λͺ°λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:35
because so many people
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 이걸 μœ„ν•΄
11:38
had worked for years towards this, and this was finally their reality.
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수 년을 μΌν–ˆκ³ , κ²°κ΅­ ν˜„μ‹€μ΄ λμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
11:44
And it wasn't just those who had participated directly.
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그리고 직접 μ°Έμ—¬ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ§Œ 그런 게 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
11:49
A few weeks ago, I was with a colleague
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λͺ‡ μ£Ό 전에, 제 λ™λ£Œκ°€
11:52
who was trying to decide
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μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ μ•„λ‚΄ λ‚˜νƒ€μƒ€λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ μ„ λ¬Όλ‘œ
11:54
on a Tahitian pearl that he wanted to give to his wonderful wife Natasha.
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νƒ€νžˆν‹° 진주λ₯Ό κ³ λ₯΄κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
12:01
And once he had finally decided what he was going to buy,
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μ–΄λ–€ κ±Έ 살지 κ²°μ •ν•˜κ³  λ‚˜μž
12:06
the jeweler said to him,
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세곡인이 κ·Έμ—κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
12:08
"You know, you're very lucky that you're buying this now,
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"μ§€κΈˆ 진주λ₯Ό μ‚¬μ‹œλŠ” 게 운이 쒋은 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:10
because these pearls could go extinct very soon because of climate change."
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이 진주듀은 κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™”λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ¨Έμ§€μ•Šμ•„ 멸쒅될 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
12:16
"But," the jeweler said, "have you heard,
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κ·Έλž˜λ„, μ–˜κΈ°λ₯Ό λ“€μœΌμ…¨μ„μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ
12:19
the governments have just come to a decision,
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정뢀듀이 μ΄λ²ˆμ— λ‚΄λ¦° κ²°μ • 덕뢄에
12:22
and Tahiti could have a chance."
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νƒ€νžˆν‹°κ°€ μ‚΄μ•„λ‚  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ–΄μš”."
12:26
Well, what a fantastic confirmation
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이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 멋진 λ§μΈκ°€μš”.
12:30
that perhaps, perhaps here is hope,
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„, 아직 희망이 있고
12:34
here is a possible chance.
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아직 κΈ°νšŒκ°€ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 뜻이겠죠.
12:37
I'm the first one to recognize that we have a lot of work still to do.
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아직 ν•  일이 많이 λ‚¨μ•„μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ 깨달은 μ‚¬λžŒμ€ μ œκ°€ 처음일 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:42
We've only just started our work on climate change.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” 해결을 μœ„ν•œ λ…Έλ ₯을 이제 막 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ„ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:45
And in fact, we need to make sure that we redouble our efforts
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사싀, λ‹€μŒ 5λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ 우리 λ…Έλ ₯을 두 배둜 λŒμ–΄ μ˜¬λ €μ•Ό ν•  μ •λ„λ‘œ
12:49
over the next five years that are the urgent five years.
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μ•žμœΌλ‘œμ˜ 5년이 μ‹œκΈ‰ν•œ μ‹œκΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:54
But I do believe
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 제 생각에
12:57
that we have come over the past six years
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μ§€λ‚œ 6λ…„κ°„ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
13:00
from the impossible
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λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•œ λ‹¨κ³„μ—μ„œ
13:02
to the now unstoppable.
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멈좜 수 μ—†λŠ” λ‹¨κ³„λ‘œ λ°”κΎΈμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. .
13:04
And how did we do that? By injecting transformational optimism
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λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ˜€λŠ” 낙관적 μ‹œκ°μ„ μ£Όμž…ν•˜μ—¬ 이룬 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:09
that allowed us to go from confrontation to collaboration,
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낙관적 μ‹œκ°μ΄ λŒ€λ¦½μ—μ„œ ν˜‘λ ₯으둜 갈 수 있게 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ μ£Όμ—ˆκ³ ,
13:13
that allowed us to understand that national and local interests
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ꡭ가와 μ§€μ—­μ˜ 이해관계가 ꡭ제적인 ν•„μš”μ™€ λ°˜λ“œμ‹œ λŒ€λ¦½λ˜λŠ” 게
13:16
are not necessarily at odds with global needs,
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μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” κ±Έ 이해할 수 있게 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:19
and that if we understand that, we can bring them together
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κ·Έ 사싀을 μ΄ν•΄ν•œλ‹€λ©΄, 같이 이루어내고
13:22
and we can merge them harmoniously.
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μ‘°ν™”λ‘­κ²Œ 톡합할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:24
And as I look forward to other global issues
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그리고, μ œκ°€ μ˜ˆμƒμ»¨λŒ€
13:28
that will require our attention this century --
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κΈˆμ„ΈκΈ°μ— 우리의 관심을 ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” ꡭ제적 λ¬Έμ œμ—λŠ”
13:32
food security, water security, home security, forced migration --
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μ‹λŸ‰ μ•ˆλ³΄, λ¬Ό μ•ˆλ³΄, 주거지 μ•ˆλ³΄ κ°•μ œ 이주와 같은 것듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:39
I see that we certainly do not know
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μ œκ°€ 보기에, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 아직 이 문제λ₯Ό
13:41
how we are going to solve those problems yet.
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•΄κ²°ν•΄μ•Ό 할지 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
13:45
But we can take a page out of what we have done on climate change
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 기후변화에 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λŒ€μ‘ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό μ°Έκ³ ν•˜κ³ 
13:49
and we can understand
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μ œλ‘œμ„¬μ˜ 사고방식을
13:51
that we have got to reinterpret the zero-sum mentality.
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μž¬ν•΄μ„ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ 이해할 μˆ˜λŠ” μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:57
Because we were trained to believe that there always are winners and losers,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–Έμ œλ‚˜ μŠΉμžμ™€ νŒ¨μžκ°€ 있고 μƒλŒ€λ°©μ˜ 손싀이 λ‚˜μ˜ 이득이라고
14:02
and that your loss is my gain.
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믿도둝 λ°°μ›Œμ™”κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
14:04
Well, now that we're in a world
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이제 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚¬λŠ” 세상은
14:06
in which we have reached planetary boundaries
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지ꡬ μžμ²΄κ°€ ꡭ경인 세상이 λ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
14:09
and that we are not just so interconnected,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ μƒν˜Έμ—°κ΄€λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ” 것을 λ„˜μ–΄μ„œ
14:12
but increasingly interdependent on each other,
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μ„œλ‘œμ—κ²Œ 점점 더 μƒν˜Έμ˜μ‘΄μ μœΌλ‘œ λ³€ν•΄κ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:15
your loss is no longer my gain.
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μƒλŒ€λ°©μ˜ 손싀은 더 이상 λ‚˜μ˜ 이읡이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:18
We're either all losers
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ νŒ¨μžκ°€ λ˜κ±°λ‚˜
14:22
or we all can be winners.
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μŠΉμžκ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:24
But we are going to have to decide
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 0κ³Ό μ „λΆ€ μ‚¬μ΄μ—μ„œ
14:27
between zero and sum.
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결정을 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:31
We're going to have to decide between zero benefit for all
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λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 0의 이읡을 μ–»λŠ” 것과 ν•¨κ»˜ μ „λΆ€λ₯Ό λˆ„λ¦¬λŠ” μ‚Ά μ‚¬μ΄μ—μ„œ
14:35
or living life as the sum of all of us.
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결정을 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:39
We've done it once. We can do it again.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이미 ν•œ 번 μ΄λ€„λƒˆμ—ˆκ³  λ‹€μ‹œ ν•΄λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:42
Thanks.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:43
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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