Talks Scott Kim takes apart the art of puzzles

45,995 views ใƒป 2009-12-04

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sanghoon Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : ChangHyun Lee
00:15
For the last 20 years I've been designing puzzles.
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์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ, ํผ์ฆ์„ ๋””์ž์ธํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
And I'm here today to give you
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์„ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
00:24
a little tour, starting from the very first puzzle I designed,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋””์ž์ธํ•œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํผ์ฆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•„์šฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์—ฌํ–‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
through what I'm doing now.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋””์ž์ธํ•œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํผ์ฆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•„์šฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์—ฌํ–‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
I've designed puzzles for books, printed things.
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์ €๋Š” ์ฑ…, ์ธ์‡„๋ฌผ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ํผ์ฆ์„ ๋””์ž์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
I'm the puzzle columnist for Discover Magazine.
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์ €๋Š” ๋””์Šค์ปค๋ฒ„ ๋งค๊ฑฐ์ง„์˜ ํผ์ฆ ์นผ๋Ÿผ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
I've been doing that for about 10 years.
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์ด ์ผ์„ 10๋…„ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
I have a monthly puzzle calendar.
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์›”๊ฐ„ ํผ์ฆ ์บ˜๋Ÿฐ๋”๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
I do toys. The bulk of my work is in computer games.
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์žฅ๋‚œ์‚ผ์•„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
I did puzzles for "Bejeweled."
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๋น„์ฃผ์–ผ๋“œ(Bejeweled)๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํผ์ฆ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
00:42
(Applause)
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๋น„์ฃผ์–ผ๋“œ(Bejeweled)๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํผ์ฆ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
00:43
I didn't invent "Bejeweled." I can't take credit for that.
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๋น„์ฃผ์–ผ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
So, very first puzzle,
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์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํผ์ฆ์€,
00:48
sixth grade, my teacher said,
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6ํ•™๋…„ ๋•Œ, ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๋งํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ,
00:50
"Oh, let's see, that guy, he likes to make stuff.
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"์žฌ ์ข€ ๋ด, ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
00:52
I'll have him cut out letters out of construction paper
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๊ฑด์ถ•์šฉ ์ข…์ด๋ฅผ ์˜ค๋ ค ๊ฒŒ์‹œํŒ์— ์“ธ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Œ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ."
00:55
for the board."
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๊ฑด์ถ•์šฉ ์ข…์ด๋ฅผ ์˜ค๋ ค ๊ฒŒ์‹œํŒ์— ์“ธ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Œ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ."
00:58
I thought this was a great assignment.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
And so here is what I came up with. I start fiddling with it.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ๋•Œ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑธ๋กœ ์žฅ๋‚œ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:03
I came up with this letter. This is a letter of the alphabet
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ๊ธ€์ž๊ฐ€ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ ‘ํžŒ
01:06
that's been folded just once.
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์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ ๋ฌธ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
The question is, which letter is it if I unfold it?
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํŽด๋ฉด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๊ธ€์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
01:13
One hint: It's not "L."
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ํžŒํŠธ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ . "L"์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
01:15
(Laughter)
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ํžŒํŠธ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ . "L"์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
01:17
It could be an "L," of course.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  "L"์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
So, what else could it be?
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
01:21
Yeah, a lot of you got it.
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๋„ค, ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋„ค์š”.
01:24
Oh yeah. So, clever thing.
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๋„ค, ์ •๋ง ์˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
Now, that was my first puzzle. I got hooked.
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์ž ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํผ์ฆ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋น ์ ธ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:29
I created something new, I was very excited
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
because, you know, I'd made crossword puzzles,
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์‹ญ์ž๋ง ํผ์ฆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:35
but that's sort of like filling in somebody else's matrix.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ํผ์ฆ์„ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
This was something really original. I got hooked.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์›๋ณธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ๋งค๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:40
I read Martin Gardner's columns in Scientific American.
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์‚ฌ์ด์–ธํ‹ฐํ”ฝ ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นธ์—์„œ ๋งˆํ‹ด ๊ฐ€๋“œ๋„ˆ์˜ ์นผ๋Ÿผ์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
Went on, and eventually decided to devote myself, full time, to that.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๊ฑธ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋งˆ์Œ๋จน๊ฒŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
Now, I should pause and say, what do I mean by puzzle?
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์ž ์ž ๊น ์‰ฌ๋ฉด์„œ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ๊ป˜์š”. ํผ์ฆ์ด๋ž€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
01:50
A puzzle is a problem that is fun to solve
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ํผ์ฆ์€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๋ฉฐ,
01:53
and has a right answer.
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์ •๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
"Fun to solve," as opposed to everyday problems,
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ํ‘ธ๋Š”๋ฐ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ƒ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
which, frankly, are not very well-designed puzzles.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ž˜ ๋””์ž์ธ๋œ ํผ์ฆ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
You know, they might have a solution.
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ํ•ด๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
It might take a long time. Nobody wrote down the rules clearly.
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์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ์–ด๋‘์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
02:07
Who designed this?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฑธ ๋””์ž์ธํ–ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:09
It's like, you know, life is not a very well-written story
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์‚ถ์ด๋ž€ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์ž˜ ์“ฐ์ธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์„œ
02:11
so we have to hire writers to make movies.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
Well, I take everyday problems, and I make puzzles out of them.
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์ €๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค ์†์—์„œ ํผ์ฆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
And "right answer," of course there might be more than one right answer;
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •๋‹ต๋„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ •๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:20
many puzzles have more than one.
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๋งŽ์€ ํผ์ฆ์˜ ์ •๋‹ต์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
But as opposed to a couple other forms of play,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋†€์ด ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ฃ ,
02:24
toys and games --
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋†€์ด ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ฃ ,
02:26
by toy I mean, something you play with that doesn't have a particular goal.
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์  ์—†์ด ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋…ผ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
You can create one out of Legos.
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๋ ˆ๊ณ  ๋ธ”๋ก์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
You know, you can do anything you want.
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๋ญ๋“ ์ง€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:33
Or competitive games like chess where,
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๊ฒจ๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ธ ์ฒด์Šค์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
02:36
well, you're not trying to solve ... You can make a chess puzzle,
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ . ์ฒด์Šค๋กœ ํผ์ฆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
02:39
but the goal really is to beat another player.
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์„ ์ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
I consider that puzzles are an art form.
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์ €๋Š” ํผ์ฆ์„ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์˜ ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
They're very ancient. It goes back as long as there is written history.
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๋งค์šฐ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋ก๋œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋งŒํผ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
It's a very small form, like a joke,
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๋†๋‹ด, ์‹œ, ๋งˆ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•, ๋…ธ๋ž˜ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
02:51
a poem, a magic trick or a song, very compact form.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
At worst, they're throwaways, they're for amusement.
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์ตœ์•…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
But at best they can reach for something more
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฐœ์ „๋˜๊ณ 
03:01
and create a memorable impression.
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๊ธฐ์–ต์— ๋‚จ๋Š” ๊ฐ๋™์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:03
The progression of my career that you'll see
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์Œ“์•„์˜จ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด,
03:05
is looking for creating puzzles that have a memorable impact.
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ํผ์ฆ์„ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ์–ต์— ๋‚จ๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
So, one thing I found early on, when I started doing computer games,
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
03:12
is that I could create puzzles that will alter your perception.
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์ธ์‹์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํผ์ฆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
I'll show you how. Here is a famous one.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ . ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
So, it's two profiles in black, or a white vase in the middle.
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๊ฒ€์ •์ƒ‰ ์˜†๋ชจ์Šต ๋‘๊ฐœ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํฐ์ƒ‰ ๊ฝƒ๋ณ‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
This is called a figure-ground illusion.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ-๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ฐฉ์‹œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
The artist M.C. Escher exploited that
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ํ™”๊ฐ€ M.C. ์—์…”๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—
03:25
in some of his wonderful prints.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฐฉ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
Here we have "Day and Night."
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‚ฎ๊ณผ ๋ฐค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
Here is what I did with figure and ground.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ž‘์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
So, here we have "figure" in black.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฒ€์ •์ƒ‰ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
Here we have "figure" in white.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํ•˜์–€์ƒ‰ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
And it's all part of the same design.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
The background to one is the other.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
Originally I tried to do the words "figure" and "ground."
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์›๋ž˜ "๊ทธ๋ฆผ"๊ณผ "๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
But I couldn't do that, I realized. I changed the problem.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ . ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
It's all "figure."
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
03:53
(Laughter)
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
03:55
A few other things. Here is my name.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑด ์ œ์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
And that turns into the title of my first book, "Inversions."
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์“ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฑ…์˜ ์ œ๋ชฉ "Inversions"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
These sorts of designs now go by the word "ambigram."
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์€ "์•ฐ๋น„๊ทธ๋žจ(ambigram)"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
I'll show you just a couple others. Here we have
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
the numbers one through 10, the digits zero through nine, actually.
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์ˆซ์ž 1๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 10๊นŒ์ง€, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” 0๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 9๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
Each letter here is one of these digits.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฌธ์ž๋Š” ์ด ์ˆซ์ž ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
Not strictly an ambigram in the conventional sense.
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์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์—„๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•ฐ๋น„๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
I like pushing on what an ambigram can mean.
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์•ฐ๋น„๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
Here's the word "mirror." No, it's not the same upside-down.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” "mirror"์ด์ง€๋งŒ,. ๋’ค์ง‘์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
It's the same this way.
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์ด ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
And a marvelous fellow from the Media Lab
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์ •๋ง ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋žฉ์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋Š”
04:29
who just got appointed head of RISD, is John Maeda.
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๋ง‰ RISD์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์ž๋กœ ์„ ์ž„๋œ ์กด ๋ฉ”๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
And so I did this for him. It's sort of a visual canon.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ๋Œ€ํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:40
And recently in Magic magazine
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์ตœ๊ทผ "๋งค์ง" ๋งค๊ฑฐ์ง„์—์„œ
04:45
I've done a number of ambigrams on magician's names.
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๋งˆ์ˆ ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์•ฐ๋น„๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
So here we have Penn and Teller, same upside-down.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ Penn๊ณผ Teller๋Š” ๋’ค์ง‘์–ด๋„ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
This appears in my puzzle calendar.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ ํผ์ฆ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
Okay, let's go back to the slides.
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์ž ์ด์ œ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
Thank you very much.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
Now, those are fun to look at.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
Now how would you do it interactively?
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๋Œ€ํ™”ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
05:04
For a while I was an interface designer.
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์ž ์‹œ ๋™์•ˆ ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๋กœ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
And so I think a lot about interaction.
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
Well, let's first of all simplify the vases illusion,
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๋งจ ๋จผ์ € ๊ฝƒ๋ณ‘ ์ฐฉ์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
05:10
make the thing on the right.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
Now, if you could pick up the black vase,
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์ด์ œ ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰ ๊ฝƒ๋ณ‘์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋ฉด,
05:14
it would look like the figure on top.
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์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
If you could pick up the white area,
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ํฐ์ƒ‰ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์„ ํƒํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
05:18
it would look like the figure on the bottom.
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์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
Well, you can't do that physically,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ,
05:22
but on a computer you can do it. Let's switch over to the P.C.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. PC๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:24
And here it is, figure-ground.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
The goal here is to take the pieces on the left
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ์™ผ์ชฝ์˜ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์„œ
05:31
and make them so they look like the shape on the right.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
And this follows the rules I just said:
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๊ทœ์น™์€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ,
05:36
any black area that is surrounded by white can be picked up.
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ํฐ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒ€์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
But that is also true of any white area.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ํฐ์ƒ‰ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
So, here we got the white area in the middle,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํฐ์ƒ‰ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋ฉด,
05:43
and you can pick it up.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
I'll just go one step further.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
So, here is --
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์ž ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ~
05:49
here is a couple pieces. Move them together,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์กฐ๊ฐ๋“ค์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์›€์ง์ด๋ฉฐ,
05:51
and now this is an active piece.
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ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
You can really get inside somebody's perception
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ธ์‹ ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
05:56
and have them experience something.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
It's like the old maxim of
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์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ฒฉ์–ธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
06:00
"you can tell somebody something
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
06:02
and show them, but if they do it they really learn it."
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์ง์ ‘ ํ•ด๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
Here is another thing you can do.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
There is a game called Rush Hour.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ์•„์›Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
This is one of the true masterpieces in puzzle design
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๋ฃจ๋น…์Šค ํ๋ธŒ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํผ์ฆ ๋””์ž์ธ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
06:10
besides Rubik's cube.
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ฑธ์ž‘ ์ค‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
So, here we have a crowded parking lot
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ฃผ์ฐจ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
06:14
with cars all over the place.
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๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ์ฐจ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
The goal is to get the red car out. It's a sliding block puzzle.
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๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋”ฉ ๋ธ”๋ก ํผ์ฆ์ด์ฃ .
06:19
It's made by the company Think Fun.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ Think Fun์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
It's done very well. I love this puzzle.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
Well, let's play one. Here. So, here is a very simple puzzle.
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์ž ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํผ์ฆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
Well, that's too simple, let's add another piece.
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์ •๋ง ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ด์„œ, ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
Okay, so how would you solve this one?
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ’€๊นŒ์š”?
06:30
Well, move the blue one out of the way.
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ํŒŒ๋ž€ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์›€์ง๋ฉด ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
Here, let's make it a little harder. Still pretty easy.
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์ž ์ข€ ๋” ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
Now we'll make it harder, a little harder.
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์ž ์ข€ ๋” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:37
Now, this one is a little bit trickier.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข€ ๋” ํŠธ๋ฆญ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
You know? What do you do here?
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์•Œ๊ฒ ๋‚˜์š”? ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:41
The first move is going to be what?
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ด๋™ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
06:43
You're going to move the blue one up in order to get the lavender one to the right.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์˜ ๋ผ๋ฒค๋” ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์œ„์ชฝ์˜ ํŒŒ๋ž€ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์›€์ง์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
And you can make puzzles like this one that aren't solvable at all.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํผ์ฆ์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ํ’€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
06:50
Those four are locked in a pinwheel; you can't get them apart.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ 4 ๋Œ€๋Š” ํ•€ํœ ์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
I wanted to make a sequel.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฐ์ž‘์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
I didn't come up with the original idea. But this is another way
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์›๋ž˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋‚ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ
06:56
I work as an inventor is to create a sequel.
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์—ฐ์ž‘์„ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐœ๋ช…๊ฐ€ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
I came up with this. This is Railroad Rush Hour.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ ˆ์ผ๋กœ๋“œ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ์•„์›Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
It's the same basic game except I introduced a new piece,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋“ฑ์žฅ์‹œํ‚จ ๊ฒƒ ๋ง๊ณ ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
a square piece that can move both horizontally and vertically.
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๊ฐ€๋กœ ์„ธ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ด๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜• ์กฐ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
In the other game the cars can only move forward and back.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์•ž๋’ค๋กœ๋งŒ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:10
Created a whole bunch of levels for it.
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
Now I'm making it available to schools.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•™๊ต์— ๋ณด๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
And it includes exercises that show you
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํผ์ฆ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ‘ธ๋Š”๊ฐ€ ์™ธ์—๋„
07:17
not just how to solve these puzzles,
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์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ํผ์ฆ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณผํ•™ ๋ฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ์˜
07:19
but how to extract the principles that will let you solve
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
07:22
mathematical puzzles or problems in science, other areas.
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๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
So, I'm really interested in you learning how to make your own puzzles
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์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํผ์ฆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ• ๊นŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
07:29
as well as just me creating them.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
Garry Trudeau calls himself an investigative cartoonist.
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๊ฐœ๋ฆฌ ํŠธ๋ฃจ๋„๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰์  ๋งŒํ™”๊ฐ€๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง€์นญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
You know, he does a lot of research before he writes a cartoon.
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งŒํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์ „ ๋งŽ์€ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
In Discover Magazine, I'm an investigative puzzle maker.
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๋””์Šค์ปค๋ฒ„ ๋งค๊ฑฐ์ง„์—์„œ, ์ €๋Š” ํผ์ฆ ์ œ์ž‘์ž๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
I got interested in gene sequencing.
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์œ ์ „์ž ๋ฐฐ์—ด์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
And I said, "Well, how on Earth can you come up with a sequence
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ . "DNA์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์Œ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์—ด์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?"
07:45
of the base pairs in DNA?"
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ . "DNA์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์Œ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์—ด์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?"
07:48
Cut up the DNA, you sequence individual pieces,
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DNA๋ฅผ ์ž˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐฐ์—ดํ•˜๋ฉด,
07:50
and then you look for overlaps,
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์ค‘๋ณต๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
and you basically match them at the edges. And I said,
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด,
07:54
"This is kind of like a jigsaw puzzle, except the pieces overlap."
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"์ค‘๋ณต๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ์ง์†Œ ํผ์ฆ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:57
So, here is what I created for Discover Magazine.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋””์Šค์ปค๋ฒ„ ๋งค๊ฑฐ์ง„์— ๊ฒŒ์žฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
And it has to be solvable in a magazine.
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๋งค๊ฑฐ์ง„์—์„œ ํ’€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
08:02
You know, you can't cut out the pieces and move them around.
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์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ์ž๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
So, here is the nine pieces. And you're supposed to put them into this grid.
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์ž ์—ฌ๊ธฐ 9 ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“œ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
And you have to choose pieces that overlap on the edge.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์ค‘๋ณต๋  ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
There is only one solution. It's not that hard.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ต๋งŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ต์ง„ ์•Š์ฃ .
08:14
But it takes some persistence.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋Š์ •๋„ ๋ˆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
And when you're done, it makes this design,
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ํผ์ฆ์„ ๋‹ค ํ’€๋ฉด, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋””์ž์ธ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
which, if you squint, is the word "helix."
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๋ˆˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Š˜๊ฒŒ ๋œจ๊ณ  ๋ณด๋ฉด, "helix"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ฃ .
08:23
So, that's the form of the puzzle coming out of the content,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ,
08:26
rather than the other way around.
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๋‚ด์šฉ์—์„œ ๋Œ์–ด๋‚ธ ํผ์ฆ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
Here is a couple more. Here is a physics-based puzzle.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ๋” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ํผ์ฆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
Which way will these fall?
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์งˆ๊ฐ€์š”?
08:33
One of these weighs 50 pounds, 30 pounds and 10 pounds.
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23 kg, 14 kg, 4.5 kg ์ค‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
And depending on which one weighs which amount,
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์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ์˜ ์–‘์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ,
08:38
they'll fall different directions.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
And here is a puzzle based on color mixing.
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์ƒ‰ํ˜ผํ•ฉ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ํผ์ฆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
I separated this image into cyan, magenta, yellow, black,
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ์‹œ์•ˆ ๋ธ”๋ฃจ, ์ง„๋ถ„ํ™, ๋…ธ๋ž‘, ๊ฒ€์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
the basic printing colors, and then mixed up the separations,
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์ด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์ธ์‡„์šฉ ์ƒ‰์„ ์„ž์œผ๋ฉด,
08:47
and you get these peculiar pictures.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
Which separations were mixed up to make those pictures?
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์–ด๋–ค ์ƒ‰์ด ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
08:52
Gets you thinking about color.
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์ƒ‰๊น”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
Finally, what I'm doing now. So, ShuffleBrain.com,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ShuffleBrain.com ์ด๋ž€ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
website you can go visit, I joined up with my wife, Amy-Jo Kim.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ ‘์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์ œ ์•„๋„ค ์—์ด๋ฏธ-์กฐ ๊น€๊ณผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
She could easily be up here giving a talk about her work.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์„œ์„œ ๊ทธ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
So, we're making smart games for social media.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
I'll explain what that means. We're looking at three trends.
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๊ทธ ๋œป์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŠธ๋žœ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
This is what's going on in the games industry right now.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ๋™ํ–ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
First of all, you know, for a long time
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๋จผ์ €, ์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ
09:16
computer games meant things like "Doom,"
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์€ ๋‘ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋…„์„ ๊ฒจ๋ƒฅํ•œ
09:18
where you're going around shooting things, very violent games, very fast,
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๋งค์šฐ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์ŠˆํŒ… ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
aimed at teenage boys. Right? That's who plays computer games.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”? ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
Well, guess what? That's changing.
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๋ญ”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ๋‚˜์š”? ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
"Bejeweled" is a big hit. It was the game that really broke open
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๋น„์ฃผ์–ผ๋“œ๋Š” ํฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ์ž„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
09:28
what's called casual games.
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์ธ์‹์„ ํ™• ๋ฐ”๊พผ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
And the main players are over 35, and are female.
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์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ 35์„ธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
Then recently "Rock Band" has been a big hit.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ๋ฝ ๋ฐด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
And it's a game you play with other people.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด์ฃ .
09:39
It's very physical. It looks nothing like a traditional game.
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๋งค์šฐ ํ™œ๋™์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๊ฒŒ์ž„๊ณผ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ฃ .
09:42
This is what's becoming the dominant form of electronic gaming.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์˜ ๋Œ€์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
Now, within that there is some interesting things happening.
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์ด์ œ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
There is also a trend towards games that are good for you.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๋งŒํ•œ ์ถ”์„ธ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
Why? Well, we aging Boomers,
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์™œ๋ƒ๊ตฌ์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…ธ๋ นํ™”๋œ ๋ฒ ์ด๋น„๋ถ ์„ธ๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
Baby Boomers, we're eating our healthy food,
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๋ชธ์— ์ข‹์€ ์Œ์‹์„ ๋จน๊ณ ,
09:56
we're exercising. What about our minds?
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์šด๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‘๋˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
09:58
Oh no, our parents are getting Alzheimer's. We better do something.
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์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€๋ชจ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋“ค์€ ์น˜๋งค์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋Œ€์ฑ…์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ์ฃ .
10:02
Turns out doing crossword puzzles can stave off some of the effects of Alzheimer's.
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์‹ญ์ž๋ง ํผ์ฆ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์น˜๋งค ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
So, we got games like "Brain Age" coming out for the Nintendo DS, huge hit.
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๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ธ ์—์ด์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹Œํ…๋„ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด ํฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
A lot of people do Sudoku. In fact some doctors prescribe it.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜๋„์ฟ ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ฃ . ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ผ๋ถ€ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
And then there is social media, and what's happening on the Internet.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
Everybody now considers themselves a creator,
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์ด์ œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ด€๋žŒ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ,
10:21
and not just a viewer.
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์ œ์ž‘์ž๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
And what does this add up to?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
10:25
Here is what we see coming.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
It's games that fit into a healthy lifestyle.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ผ์ดํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
They're part of your life. They're not necessarily a separate thing.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์‚ถ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
10:33
And they are both, something that is good for you, and they're fun.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘˜๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์œ ์ตํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
I'm a puzzle guy. My wife is an expert in social media.
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์ €๋Š” ํผ์ฆ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€, ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
And we decided to combine our skills.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ–ˆ์ฃ .
10:41
Our first game is called "Photo Grab." The game takes about a minute and 20 seconds.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์€ ํฌํ†  ๊ทธ๋žฉ(Photo Grab)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1๋ถ„ 20์ดˆ ์ •๋„ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
This is your first time playing my game. Okay.
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์ œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
10:46
Let's see how well we can do. There are three images.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
And we have 24 seconds each.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  24์ดˆ์”ฉ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
10:51
Where is that?
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์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋””์žˆ์ฃ ?
10:53
I'll play as fast as I can.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
But if you can see it, shout out the answer.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹ต์„ ์•„์‹œ๋ฉด, ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์™ธ์ณ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
10:58
You get more -- Down, okay, yeah where is that?
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์ข€ ๋” -- ์•„๋ž˜, ๋งž์•„์š”. ์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋”จ์ฃ ?
11:01
Oh, yeah. There, okay. J-O and --
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๋„ค, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ. J-O ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ~
11:05
I guess that's that part. We got the bow. That bow helps.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”. ์ž ์ด์ œ ํ™œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™œ์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
11:08
That's his hair. You get a lot of figure-ground problems.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
Yeah, that one is easy. Okay. So, ahhh! Okay on to the next one.
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๋„ค, ์ด๊ฑด ์‰ฝ๋„ค์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์•„. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
11:16
Okay, so that's the lens.
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๋งž์•„์š”. ์ด๊ฑด ๋ Œ์ฆˆ๋„ค์š”.
11:18
Anybody?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ ์—†์–ด์š”?
11:20
Looks like a black shape. So, where is that?
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๊ฒ€์€ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋„ค์š”. ์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋””์ฃ ?
11:23
That's the corner of the whole thing.
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์ „์ฒด์˜ ๋ชจ์„œ๋ฆฌ๋„ค์š”.
11:26
Yeah, I've played this image before,
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๋„ค, ์ด์ „์—๋„ ์ด ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
but even when I make up my own puzzles --
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์ œ ํผ์ฆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ๋„ ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
11:30
and you can put your own images in here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
And we have people all over the world doing that now.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
There we are. Visit ShuffleBrain.com
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
11:38
if you want to try it yourself. Thank you.
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ShuffleBrain.com ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
11:40
(Applause)
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ShuffleBrain.com ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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