A climate change solution that's right under our feet | Asmeret Asefaw Berhe

119,886 views

2019-09-26 ใƒป TED


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A climate change solution that's right under our feet | Asmeret Asefaw Berhe

119,886 views ใƒป 2019-09-26

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Hae Young Ham ๊ฒ€ํ† : Yunjung Nam
00:12
So one of the most important solutions
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
00:15
to the global challenge posed by climate change
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ… ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
00:18
lies right under our foot every day.
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๋งค์ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ‘์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
It's soil.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ† ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
Soil's just the thin veil that covers the surface of land,
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ํ† ์–‘์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋•…์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๋ฎ๋Š” ์–‡์€ ๋ฒ ์ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
00:29
but it has the power to shape our planet's destiny.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ์šด๋ช…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ํž˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
See, a six-foot or so of soil,
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๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์œก ํ”ผํŠธ (180cm) ์ •๋„์˜ ํ† ์–‘,
00:37
loose soil material that covers the earth's surface,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๋ฎ๋Š” ๋Š์Šจํ•œ ํ† ์–‘์˜ ์žฌ์งˆ์€
00:41
represents the difference between life and lifelessness in the earth system,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ƒ๋ช…์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
and it can also help us combat climate change
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ† ์–‘์€ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋„์™€์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
if we can only stop treating it like dirt.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜์ฐฎ๊ฒŒ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
00:54
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:56
Climate change is happening,
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
the earth's atmosphere is warming,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
because of the increasing amount of greenhouse gases
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๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜จ์‹ค ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ
01:03
we keep releasing into the atmosphere.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ถŒ์— ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
01:06
You all know that.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
But what I assume you might not have heard
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
01:10
is that one of the most important things our human society could do
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ผ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ
01:15
to address climate change
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด
01:17
lies right there in the soil.
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ํ† ์–‘ ์†์— ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํŽผ์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
I'm a soil scientist who has been studying soil since I was 18,
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์ €๋Š” ํ† ์–‘ํ•™์ž์ด๊ณ  18์‚ด ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ† ์–‘์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:26
because I'm interested in unlocking the secrets of soil
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์ด๋Š” ํ† ์–‘์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ํ‘ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
01:29
and helping people understand this really important climate change solution.
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ด์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์› ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
So here are the facts about climate.
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๊ธฐํ›„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
The concentration of carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere
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์ง€๊ตฌ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ถŒ์˜ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ๋†๋„๋Š”
01:41
has increased by 40 percent
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40%๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:44
just in the last 150 years or so.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ณ ์ž‘ ์ง€๋‚œ 150๋…„๋งŒ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
Human actions are now releasing 9.4 billion metric tons of carbon
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ–‰๋™์€ 94์–ต ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ํ†ค์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ
01:52
into the atmosphere,
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ถŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๋ฉฐ
01:54
from activities such as burning fossil fuels
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์ด๋Š” ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํƒœ์šฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
01:58
and intensive agricultural practices,
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๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๋†์—… ํ™œ๋™,
02:01
and other ways we change the way we use land,
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๋•…์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ์‚ฐ๋ฆผ ๋ฒŒ์ฑ„ ๋“ฑ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
including deforestation.
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02:07
But the concentration of carbon dioxide that stays in the atmosphere
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ถŒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ๋†๋„๋Š”
02:12
is only increasing by about half of that,
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๊ณ ์ž‘ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ๋Š˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
02:16
and that's because half of the carbon we keep releasing into the atmosphere
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ถŒ์— ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์€
02:20
is currently being taken up by land and the seas
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๋•…๊ณผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
through a process we know as carbon sequestration.
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์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ํƒ„์†Œ ๊ฒฉ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
So in essence, whatever consequence you think we're facing
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”
02:32
from climate change right now,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์€
02:34
we're only experiencing the consequence of 50 percent of our pollution,
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50%์˜ ์˜ค์—ผ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
because the natural ecosystems are bailing us out.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ž์—ฐ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆด ๊ตฌ์ถœํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
02:45
But don't get too comfortable,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์•ˆ๋ฝํ•ด์ ธ์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
because we have two major things working against us right now.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
One: unless we do something big,
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์ฒซ์งธ: ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด์ƒ,
ํฐ ์ผ์„, ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด,
02:57
and then fast,
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02:59
emissions will continue to rise.
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์€ ๊ณ„์† ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
And second: the ability of these natural ecosystems
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘˜์งธ: ์ž์—ฐ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์˜ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ถŒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
03:07
to take up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
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์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:10
and sequester it in the natural habitats
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์ž์—ฐ ์„œ์‹์ง€์—์„œ ๊ฒฉ๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€
03:13
is currently getting compromised,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์†์ƒ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
as they're experiencing serious degradation because of human actions.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ €ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
03:21
So it's not entirely clear
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž์—ฐ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ
03:23
that we will continue to get bailed out by these natural ecosystems
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๊ตฌ์ถœํ•ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
if we continue on this business-as-usual path that we've been.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ณ„์† ๊ฑธ์–ด์˜จ ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฑท๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:33
Here's where the soil comes in:
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ† ์–‘์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
there is about three thousand billion metric tons of carbon in the soil.
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ํ† ์–‘์—๋Š” ์•ฝ ์‚ผ๋งŒ์–ต ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ํ†ค ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
That's roughly about 315 times the amount of carbon
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์— ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ ์–‘์˜
03:43
that we release into the atmosphere currently.
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๋Œ€๋žต 315๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
And there's twice more carbon in soil than there is in vegetation and air.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ† ์–‘์—๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์™€ ์ดˆ๋ชฉ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์•ฝ 2๋ฐฐ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
Think about that for a second.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
03:54
There's more carbon in soil
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ํ† ์–‘์—๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
than there is in all of the world's vegetation,
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์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ดˆ๋ชฉ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:00
including the lush tropical rainforests and the giant sequoias,
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๋ฌด์„ฑํ•œ ์—ด๋Œ€ ์šฐ๋ฆผ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ์ฟผ์ด์•„,
04:05
the expansive grasslands,
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๊ด‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดˆ์›,
04:08
all of the cultivated systems,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์žฌ๋ฐฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ดˆ๋ชฉ๋“ค,
04:11
and every kind of flora you can imagine on the face of the earth,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์— ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹๋ฌผ๊ตฐ๋“ค,
04:15
plus all the carbon that's currently up in the atmosphere, combined,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ถŒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์–‘์˜
04:20
and then twice over.
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๊ทธ ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ฃ .
04:23
Hence, a very small change in the amount of carbon stored in soil
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ํ† ์–‘์— ์ €์žฅ๋œ ํƒ„์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋„
04:28
can make a big difference in maintenance of the earth's atmosphere.
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์ง€๊ตฌ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ถŒ์˜ ์œ ์ง€์— ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
But soil's not just simply a storage box for carbon, though.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ† ์–‘์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ์ €์žฅ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋งŒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
It operates more like a bank account,
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์€ํ–‰ ๊ณ„์ขŒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ฃ .
04:41
and the amount of carbon that's in soil at any given time
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์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ํ† ์–‘์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์€
04:44
is a function of the amount of carbon coming in and out of the soil.
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๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ  ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
Carbon comes into the soil through the process of photosynthesis,
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ํƒ„์†Œ๋Š” ๊ด‘ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ด๋ž€ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ† ์–‘์— ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š”๋ฐ
04:53
when green plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
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์ด๊ฑด ๋…น์ƒ‰ ์‹๋ฌผ์ด ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•ด์„œ
04:56
and use it to make their bodies,
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์ž๋ผ๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ ,
04:59
and upon death, their bodies enter the soil.
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์ฃฝ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ํ† ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
And carbon leaves the soil
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ํƒ„์†Œ๋Š” ํ† ์–‘์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™€
05:04
and goes right back up into the atmosphere
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ
05:07
when the bodies of those formerly living organisms
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋˜ ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด์˜ ๋ชธ์ด
05:10
decay in soil by the activity of microbes.
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ํ† ์–‘์—์„œ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ถ€ํŒจ๋  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
See, decomposition releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,
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๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ๋ถ€ํŒจ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์™€ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„๊ณผ ์•„์งˆ์‚ฐ๊ฐ™์€
05:18
as well as other greenhouse gases such as methane and nitrous oxide,
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์˜จ์‹ค ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ถŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
but it also releases all the nutrients we all need to survive.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ์กด์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์˜์–‘์†Œ๋„ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜์ฃ .
05:28
One of the things that makes soil such a fundamental component
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ํ† ์–‘์„ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์™„ํ™” ์ „๋žต์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€
05:32
of any climate change mitigation strategy
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05:35
is because it represents a long-term storage of carbon.
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ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์ €์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
Carbon that would have lasted maybe a year or two
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ถ€ํŒจํ•˜๋Š” ์ž”๋ฅ˜๋ฌผ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:43
in decaying residue if it was left on the surface
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1๋…„์ด๋‚˜ 2๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ํƒ„์†Œ๋Š”
05:46
can stay in soil for hundreds of years, even thousands and more.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„ ์•„๋‹ˆ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋…„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ํ† ์–‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
Soil biogeochemists like me
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์ €์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ† ์–‘ ์ƒ์ง€์งˆํ•™์ž๋Š”
05:55
study exactly how the soil system makes this possible,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ† ์–‘ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์ฃ .
05:59
by locking away the carbon in physical association with minerals,
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ํƒ„์†Œ์™€ ๊ด‘๋ฌผ๊ณผ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์—ฐ์ƒ,
06:04
inside aggregates of soil minerals,
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ํ† ์–‘ ๊ด‘๋ฌผ์˜ ์—‰๊น€๊ณผ
06:07
and formation of strong chemical bonds
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ™”ํ•™ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํ˜•์„ฑ์ด
06:11
that bind the carbon to the surfaces of the minerals.
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ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ด‘๋ฌผ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๊ฒฐ์†์‹œํ‚ค์ฃ .
06:16
See when carbon is entrapped in soil,
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ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ† ์–‘ ๊ด‘๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ† ์–‘์— ๊ฐ‡ํžˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
06:18
in these kinds of associations with soil minerals,
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06:21
even the wiliest of the microbes can't easily degrade it.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„ํ•ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
And carbon that's not degrading fast
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๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํƒ„์†Œ๋Š”
06:28
is carbon that's not going back into the atmosphere as greenhouse gases.
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์˜จ์‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค๋กœ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
But the benefit of carbon sequestration
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํƒ„์†Œ ๊ฒฉ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์žฅ์ ์€
06:35
is not just limited to climate change mitigation.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์™„ํ™”์—๋งŒ ์ œํ•œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
Soil that stores large amounts of carbon is healthy, fertile, soft.
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๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ํ† ์–‘์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„์˜ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
It's malleable. It's workable.
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์˜จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
It makes it like a sponge.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์Šคํฐ์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ
06:51
It can hold on to a lot of water and nutrients.
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๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์˜์–‘์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
Healthy and fertile soils like this
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„์˜ฅํ•œ ํ† ์–‘์€
06:57
support the most dynamic, abundant and diverse habitat for living things
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ
๊ฐ€์žฅ ์—ญ๋™์ ์ด๊ณ , ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„œ์‹์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
that we know of anywhere on the earth system.
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07:07
It makes life possible for everything from the tiniest of the microbes,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
such as bacteria and fungi,
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๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์™€ ์ง„๊ท ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
07:15
all the way to higher plants,
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์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์‹๋ฌผ๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€๋„์š”.
07:18
and fulfills the food, feed and fiber needs for all animals,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ์Œ์‹, ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ฌ์œ ์งˆ ์ˆ˜์š”๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค์ฃ .
07:23
including you and I.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์ €๋„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ์š”.
07:25
So at this point, you would assume that we should be treating soil
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์ด ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€
ํ† ์–‘์„ ๊ท€์ค‘ํ•œ ์ž์›์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
like the precious resource that it is.
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07:32
Unfortunately, that's not the case.
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
Soils around the world are experiencing unprecedented rates of degradation
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํ† ์–‘์€ ์ „๋ก€์—†๋Š” ์†๋„๋กœ ์•…ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:40
through a variety of human actions that include deforestation,
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ํ™œ๋™, ์‚ผ๋ฆผ ๋ฒŒ์ฑ„๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ
07:45
intensive agricultural production systems,
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์ง‘์•ฝ์  ๋†์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ,
07:48
overgrazing,
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๋ฐฉ๋ชฉ,
07:49
excessive application of agricultural chemicals,
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๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๋†์•ฝ ์‚ฌ์šฉ,
07:53
erosion and similar things.
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์นจ์‹๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
Half of the world's soils are currently considered degraded.
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํ† ์–‘์˜ ๋ฐ˜์ด ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
Soil degradation is bad for many reasons,
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ํ† ์–‘ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋‚˜์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
but let me just tell you a couple.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ ๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.
08:08
One: degraded soils have diminished potential to support plant productivity.
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์ฒซ์งธ: ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋œ ํ† ์–‘์€ ์‹๋ฌผ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
And hence, by degrading soil,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ํ† ์–‘์„ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ,
08:18
we're compromising our own abilities to provide the food and other resources
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
08:23
that we need for us
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ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์Œ์‹๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž์› ์ œ๊ณต ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํƒ€ํ˜‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
and every member of living things on the face of the earth.
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08:31
And second:
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๋‘˜์งธ:
08:34
soil use and degradation, just in the last 200 years or so,
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๊ทผ 200๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ํ† ์–‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋Š”
08:38
has released 12 times more carbon into the atmosphere
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12๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
compared to the rate at which we're releasing carbon
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ถŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•˜๋Š”
08:47
into the atmosphere right now.
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๋น„์œจ์— ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
I'm afraid there's even more bad news.
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๋” ๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
This is a story of soils at high latitudes.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†’์€ ์œ„๋„์—์„œ์˜ ํ† ์–‘ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
Peatlands in polar environments
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๊ทน์ง€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ดํƒ„์ง€๋Š”
08:59
store about a third of the global soil carbon reserves.
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์•ฝ 3๋ถ„์˜ 1์˜ ํ† ์–‘ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งค์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
These peatlands have a permanently frozen ground underneath,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ดํƒ„์ง€๋Š” ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ผ์–ด ๋ถ™์€
09:06
the permafrost,
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์˜๊ตฌ ๋™ํ† ์ธต์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
09:07
and the carbon was able to build up in these soils over long periods of time
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์ด ํ† ์–‘์—์„œ๋„ ํƒ„์†Œ๋Š” ์˜ค๋žœ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์Œ“์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
because even though plants are able to photosynthesize during the short,
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ถฅ๊ณ  ์–ด๋‘์›Œ์ง€๋”๋ผ๋„
09:18
warm summer months,
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์‹๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ์งง๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ์‹œ์ฆŒ ๋™์•ˆ
09:20
the environment quickly turns cold and dark,
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๊ด‘ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
09:24
and then microbes are not able to efficiently break down the residue.
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๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ์ž”๋ฅ˜๋ฌผ์„ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
So the soil carbon bank in these polar environments
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ† ์–‘์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ ์€ํ–‰์€ ์ด ๊ทนํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ
09:31
built up over hundreds of thousands of years.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์Œ“์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
But right now, with atmospheric warming,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
09:39
the permafrost is thawing and draining.
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์˜๊ตฌ ๋™ํ† ์ธต์ด ๋…น๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
And when permafrost thaws and drains,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜๊ตฌ ๋™ํ† ์ธต์ด ๋…น๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋  ๋•Œ,
09:46
it makes it possible for microbes to come in
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๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ ,
09:49
and rather quickly decompose all this carbon,
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๋ชจ๋“  ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ฒœ์–ต ํ†ค์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ
09:52
with the potential to release hundreds of billions of metric tons of carbon
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์˜จ์‹ค ๊ฐ€์Šค์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์— ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
09:57
into the atmosphere in the form of greenhouse gases.
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์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
And this release of additional greenhouse gases into the atmosphere
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์˜จ์‹ค ๊ฐ€์Šค์˜ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์€
10:05
will only contribute to further warming
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์˜จ๋‚œํ™”์— ๋” ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
that makes this predicament even worse,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ๊ณค๊ฒฝ์„ ๋” ์•…ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ,
10:11
as it starts a self-reinforcing positive feedback loop
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์ž์ฒด ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ ์ธ ์–‘์„ฑ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ ์ˆœํ™˜์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด
10:17
that could go on and on and on,
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ
10:19
dramatically changing our climate future.
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๊ธฐํ›„์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
Fortunately, I can also tell you that there is a solution
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์ €๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
for these two wicked problems of soil degradation and climate change.
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ํ† ์–‘ ๋ถ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”, ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
10:32
Just like we created these problems,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ด
10:35
we do know the solution,
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
and the solution lies in simultaneously working
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์€ ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜,
10:40
to address these two things together,
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๋™์‹œ์— ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
through what we call climate-smart land management practices.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ์นœํ™”์  ํ† ์ง€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ด€ํ–‰์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฑธ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ์š”.
10:48
What do I mean here?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
10:49
I mean managing land in a way that's smart
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์ œ๋ง์€ ์ฆ‰, ํ† ์–‘์— ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”
10:53
about maximizing how much carbon we store in soil.
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ํ† ์ง€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
And we can accomplish this
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฑด
10:59
by putting in place deep-rooted perennial plants,
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๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๊นŠ์€ ๋‹ค๋…„์ƒ ์‹๋ฌผ์„ ์‹ฌ๊ณ ,
11:03
putting back forests whenever possible,
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์–ธ์ œ๋“  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๋•Œ ์ˆฒ์„ ๋˜๋Œ๋ ค ๋†“๊ณ ,
11:06
reducing tillage and other disturbances from agricultural practices,
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๋†์—… ๊ด€ํ–‰์—์„œ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ž‘ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ํํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ ,
11:10
including optimizing the use of agricultural chemicals and grazing
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๋†์•ฝ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ชฉ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ตœ์ ํ™”์™€
11:15
and even adding carbon to soil, whenever possible,
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ํ‡ด๋น„, ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๋“ฑ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ ์ž์›์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ
11:19
from recycled resources such as compost and even human waste.
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ํ† ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
This kind of land stewardship is not a radical idea.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ† ์ง€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ํš๊ธฐ์ ์ธ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
It's what made it possible for fertile soils
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์ด๊ฑด ๋น„์˜ฅํ•œ ํ† ์–‘์ด ์ธ๋ฅ˜ ๋ฌธ๋ช…์„
11:32
to be able to support human civilizations since time immemorial.
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์˜›๋‚ ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€์›ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
In fact, some are doing it just right now.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
There's a global effort underway to accomplish exactly this goal.
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์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
This effort that started in France is known as the "4 per 1000" effort,
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ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์€ "1000๋‹น 4"์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
and it sets an aspirational goal
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์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ง€ํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š”
11:55
to increase the amount of carbon stored in soil by 0.4 percent annually,
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๋งค๋…„ ํ† ์–‘ ์† ํƒ„์†Œ๋Ÿ‰ 0.4%์„ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ ธ๋˜
12:03
using the same kind of climate-smart land management practices
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๊ธฐํ›„ ์นœํ™”์  ํ† ์ง€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์‹คํ–‰์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
12:06
I mentioned earlier.
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์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
And if this effort's fully successful,
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์ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉด
12:12
it can offset a third of the global emissions
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์œ ๋ž˜๋œ ํƒ„์†Œ์˜
12:15
of fossil-fuel-derived carbon into the atmosphere.
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1/3์„ ์ƒ์‡„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
But even if this effort is not fully successful,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„
12:23
but we just start heading in that direction,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
12:26
we still end up with soils that are healthier, more fertile,
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ํ† ์–‘์€ ๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋น„์˜ฅํ•˜๊ณ ,
12:31
are able to produce all the food and resources that we need
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์ธ๋ฅ˜์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ž์›๊ณผ ์Œ์‹์„
12:35
for human populations and more,
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์ƒ์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
and also soils that are better capable
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—์„œ
12:40
of sequestering carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
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์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฒฉ๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
12:43
and helping with climate change mitigation.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์™„ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋•๋Š” ํ† ์–‘์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
I'm pretty sure that's what politicians call a win-win solution.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์œˆ์œˆ ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
And we all can have a role to play here.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์—ญํ• ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
12:55
We can start by treating the soil with the respect that it deserves:
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ํ† ์–‘์ด ๋งˆ๋•…ํžˆ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์กด์ค‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:01
respect for its ability as the basis of all life on earth,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ถ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ํ† ์–‘์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กด์ค‘,
13:06
respect for its ability to serve as a carbon bank
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ํƒ„์†Œ ์€ํ–‰์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋ด‰์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กด์ค‘,
13:10
and respect for its ability to control our climate.
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กด์ค‘ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
And if we do so,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ
13:17
we can then simultaneously address
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ˆ๋ฐ•ํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„
13:19
two of the most pressing global challenges of our time:
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๋™์‹œ์— ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
climate change and soil degradation.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ํ† ์–‘ ๋ถ„ํ•ด ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
And in the process, we would be able to provide food and nutritional security
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๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ๋ฅ˜์—๊ฒŒ
13:32
to our growing human family.
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์‹ํ’ˆ ๋ฐ ์˜์–‘์ œ๊ณต์˜ ์•ˆ์ „๋„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:36
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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