Aaron Koblin: Artfully visualizing our humanity

146,105 views ใƒป 2011-05-23

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Poram Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Hyeonsoo Lee
00:15
So I think data can actually make us more human.
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์ž, ์ „ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ธ๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
We're collecting and creating all kinds of data about how we're living our lives,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜จ๊ฐ– ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
00:22
and it's enabling us to tell some amazing stories.
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๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
Recently, a wise media theorist Tweeted,
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์ตœ๊ทผ ํ•œ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ด๋ก ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํŠธ์œ—์œผ๋กœ,
00:27
"The 19th century culture was defined by the novel,
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"19 ์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ฌธํ™”๋Š” ์†Œ์„ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ •์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค,
00:29
the 20th century culture was defined by the cinema,
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20 ์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”๋Š” ์˜ํ™”์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ •์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
and the culture of the 21st century
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  21 ์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”๋Š”
00:33
will be defined by the interface."
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์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ •์˜๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
And I believe this is going to prove true.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „ ์ด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
Our lives are being driven by data,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋„๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:39
and the presentation of that data is an opportunity
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๊ทธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
for us to make some amazing interfaces that tell great stories.
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:43
So I'm going to show you a few of the projects
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์ „ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ž‘์—…ํ•ด์˜จ
00:45
that I've been working on over the last couple years
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๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
that reflect on our lives and our systems.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
This is a project called Flight Patterns.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋น„ํ–‰ํŒจํ„ด์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฆ„์ง€์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
What you're looking at is airplane traffic
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
00:53
over North America for a 24-hour period.
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๋ถ๋ฏธ์ƒ๊ณต์˜ ํ•ญ๊ณต ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
As you see, everything starts to fade to black,
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒŒ ์•”ํ‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ ,
00:58
and you see people going to sleep.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž ์„ ์ž๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
Followed by that, you see on the West coast
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ, ์„œ๋ถ€ํ•ด์•ˆ์—
01:02
planes moving across, the red-eye flights to the East coast.
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๋™๋ถ€๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์‹ฌ์•ผ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ยฝ
01:05
And you'll see everybody waking up on the East coast,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™๋ถ€์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
01:08
followed by European flights coming in the upper right-hand corner.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์œ„์— ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ํ•ญ๊ณตํŽธ๋“ค์ด ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ์š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:11
Everybody's moving from the East coast to the West coast.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™๋ถ€์—์„œ ์„œ๋ถ€ํ•ด์•ˆ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
You see San Francisco and Los Angeles
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์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”์™€ ๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€
01:16
start to make their journeys down to Hawaii in the lower left-hand corner.
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์™ผ์ชฝ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•˜์™€์ด๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
I think it's one thing to say there's 140,000 planes
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์ €๋Š” 140,000๋Œ€์˜ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
01:21
being monitored by the federal government at any one time,
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๋™์‹œ์— ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ์ •๋ถ€์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ,
01:24
and it's another thing to see that system as it ebbs and flows.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์กฐ์ˆ˜์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ยฝ
01:29
This is a time-lapse image of that exact same data,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
but I've color-coded it by type,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์ €๋Š” ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒ‰๊น”๋กœ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„œ,
01:33
so you can see the diversity of aircraft that are in the skies above us.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ•˜๋Š˜์— ๋– ์žˆ๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
And I started making these, and I put them into Google Maps
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ Google Map์— ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
and allow you to zoom in and see individual airports
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๊ณตํ•ญ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚˜๋Š” ํŒจํ„ด๋“ค์„
01:41
and the patterns that are occurring there.
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ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
So here we can see the white represents low altitudes,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ•˜์–€์ƒ‰์€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ณ ๋„๋ฅผ
01:46
and the blue are higher altitudes.
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ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰์€ ๋†’์€ ๊ณ ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
And you can zoom in. This is taking a look at Atlanta.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์•„ํ‹€๋žœํƒ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
You can see this is a major shipping airport,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ์šด์†ก ๊ณตํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
and there's all kinds of activity there.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ™œ๋™์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
You can also toggle between altitude
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
01:57
for model and manufacturer.
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๊ณ ๋„๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
See again, the diversity.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•จ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”
02:01
And you can scroll around and see
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์Šคํฌ๋กค์„ ํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณตํ•ญ๋“ค๊ณผ
02:03
some of the different airports and the different patterns that they have.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŒจํ„ด๋“ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
This is scrolling up the East coast.
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๋™๋ถ€์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์Šคํฌ๋กค ํ•ด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
You can see some of the chaos that's happening in New York
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๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜ผ๋ž€์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:10
with the air traffic controllers
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์˜†์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ณตํ•ญ๋“ค์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š”
02:12
having to deal with all those major airports next to each other.
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ํ•ญ๊ณต ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ ์กฐ์ ˆ๋„ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
So zooming back out real quick,
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์žฌ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํ™”๋ฉด์„ ์ถ•์†Œํ•ด์„œ,
02:19
we see, again, the U.S. -- you get Florida down in the right-hand corner.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ ๋ชจ์„œ๋ฆฌ์—๋Š” ํ”Œ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
Moving across to the West coast,
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์„œ์ชฝ ํ•ด์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด์„œ
02:24
you see San Francisco and Los Angeles --
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์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”์™€ ๋กœ์Šค์—”์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
big low-traffic zones
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๋„ค๋ฐ”๋‹ค์™€ ์•„๋ฆฌ์กฐ๋‚˜์— ๊ฑธ์ณ์„œ
02:28
across Nevada and Arizona.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ ์€ ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
And that's us down there in L.A. and Long Beach on the bottom.
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์—˜์—์ด ์—์„œ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๋ฐ‘์— ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๊ธด ํ•ด๋ณ€์ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์ง€๋„ค์š”.
02:36
I started taking a look as well at different perimeters,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
because you can choose what you want to pull out from the data.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด ๋ฐ์ดํƒ€์—์„œ ๋„์ง‘์–ด ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
This is looking at ascending versus descending flights.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์™€ ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
And you can see, over time, the ways the airports change.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ณตํ•ญ์ด ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
You see the holding patterns that start to develop
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ํ™”๋ฉด์˜ ํ•˜๋‹จ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ
02:47
in the bottom of the screen.
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ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
And you can see, eventually the airport actually flips directions.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ณตํ•ญ์ด ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
So this is another project that I worked on with the Sensible Cities Lab at MIT.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ MIT์˜ Sensible city ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์—์„œ ์ผํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
This is visualizing international communications.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตญ์ œ์ ์ธ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด ์…˜์„ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
So it's how New York communicates
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‰ด์š•์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตญ์ œ์ ์ธ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค๊ณผ
03:00
with other international cities.
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์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
And we set this up as a live globe in the Museum of Modern Art in New York
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‰ด์š•์˜ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์˜ โ€œDesign and the Elastic Mindโ€ ์ „์‹œํšŒ์—
03:05
for the Design the Elastic Mind exhibition.
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์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ ์ „์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
And it had a live feed with a 24-hour offset,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  24์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
so you could see the changing relationship
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ AT&T์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
03:11
and some demographic info
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๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ธ๊ตฌํ•™์ ์ธ ํ†ต๊ณ„์™€
03:13
coming through AT&T's data and revealing itself.
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๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:16
This is another project I worked on with Sensible Cities Lab
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์ด๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ Sensible city ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์™€ CurrentCity.org ์—์„œ ์ผํ•œ
03:18
and CurrentCity.org.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
And it's visualizing SMS messages being sent in the city of Amsterdam.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•”์Šคํ…Œ๋ฅด๋‹ด ์‹œ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ „์†ก๋˜๋Š” SMS ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋“ค์„ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
So you're seeing the daily ebb and flow
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š”
03:25
of people sending SMS messages from different parts of the city,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
until we approach New Year's Eve, where everybody says, "Happy New Year!"
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12์›” 31์ผ์— ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๋„ค์š” "ํ•ดํ”ผ๋‰ด์ด์–ด".
03:30
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:32
So this is an interactive tool
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉด์„œ, ์ด๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
03:34
that you can move around and see different parts of the city.
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์Œ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
This is looking at another event. This is called Queen's Day.
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์ž ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ์™•์˜ ๋‚ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
So again, you get this daily ebb and flow
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š”
03:42
of people sending SMS messages from different parts of the city.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
03:45
And then you're going to see people start to gather in the center of the city
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ
03:47
to celebrate the night before,
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๋ฐค์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:49
which happens right here.
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๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
And then you can see people celebrating the next day.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ๋‚ ๋„ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
And you can pause it and step back and forth and see different phases.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž ๊น ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ์•ž๋’ค ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
03:56
So now on to something completely different.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
Some of you may recognize this.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฑŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
This is Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen's mechanical chess playing machine.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋ก  ๋ณผํ”„๊ฐ• ํฐ ์ปดํŽ˜๋ Œ์˜ ์ฒด์Šค ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
And it's this amazing robot that plays chess extremely well,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฒด์Šค ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋กœ๋ด‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
except for one thing: it's not a robot at all.
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ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณค ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.. ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋กœ๋ด‡์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
There's actually a legless man that sits in that box
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์ƒ์ž์•ˆ์— ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•‰์•„์žˆ๊ณ 
04:10
and controls this chess player.
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์ด ์ฒด์Šค ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ์ œ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
This was the inspiration for a web service by Amazon
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋งˆ์กด์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์›น ์„œ๋น„์Šค์— ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:14
called the Mechanical Turk -- named after this guy.
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์ด ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋”ฐ์„œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ํ„ฐํฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:17
And it's based on the premise that there are certain things
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ „์ œ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
that are easy for people, but really difficult for computers.
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๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
So they made this web service and said,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์•„๋งˆ์กด์€ ์ด ์›น์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
"Any programmer can write a piece of software
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๋ชจ๋“  ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋จธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์„œ
04:25
and tap into the minds of thousands of people."
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋ช…์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
The nerdy side of me thought, "Wow, this is amazing.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  โ€œ์™€์šฐ, ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค
04:29
I can tap into thousands of people's minds."
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋‹ˆโ€ ๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์—,
04:31
And the other nerdy side of me thought,
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๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ตœ์•…์ด๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์—ฝ๊ธฐ์ ์ด๋‹ค ๋ผ๋Š”
04:33
"This is horrible. This is completely bizarre.
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
What does this mean for the future of mankind,
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ณด๊ทธ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด์งˆ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—์„œ
04:38
where we're all plugged into this borg?"
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:40
I was probably being a little extreme.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
But what does this mean when we have no context for what it is that we're working on,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:44
and we're just doing these little labors?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘์€ ๋…ธ๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:46
So I created this drawing tool.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
I asked people to draw a sheep facing to the left.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–‘์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
And I said, "I'll pay you two cents for your contribution."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— 2์„ผํŠธ์”ฉ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
And I started collecting sheep.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์–‘์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
And I collected a lot, a lot of different sheep.
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์ €๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–‘์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
Lots of sheep.
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์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
I took the first 10,000 sheep that I collected,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ 10,000๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์–‘์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์„œ
05:03
and I put them on a website called TheSheepMarket.com
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TheSheepMarket ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
where you can actually buy collections of 20 sheep.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ 20๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์”ฉ ์–‘์„ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
You can't pick individual sheep,
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์–‘์„ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
but you can buy a single plate block of stamps as a commodity.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ƒํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋งค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
And juxtaposed against this grid,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
you see actually, by rolling over each individual one,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ์„ ๋„˜๊ธฐ๋‹ค ๋ณด๋ฉด,
05:19
the humanity behind this hugely mechanical process.
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์ด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ • ์†์— ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ฑ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
I think there's something really interesting
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์ฐฝ์กฐ์ ์ธ ์ผ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•ด๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
05:24
to watching people as they go through this creative toil --
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๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
something we can all relate to,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ
05:29
this creative process of trying to come up with something from nothing.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
I think it was really interesting to juxtapose this humanity
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ฑ์„ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ ์—…๋ฌด์™€
05:34
versus this massive distributed grid.
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๋Œ€๋น„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
Kind of amazing what some people did.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
So here's a few statistics from the project.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์–ป์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ†ต๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
Approximate collection rate of 11 sheep per hour,
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๋Œ€๋žต ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— 11๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์–‘์ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
05:43
which would make a working wage of 69 cents per hour.
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์ด๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น 69์„ผํŠธ์˜ ์ž„๊ธˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
There were 662 rejected sheep
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , 662๊ฐœ์˜ ์–‘์ด ๊ฑฐ์ ˆ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
that didn't meet "sheep-like" criteria and were thrown out of the flock.
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๊ฑฐ์ ˆ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ โ€œ์–‘ ๊ฐ™๋‹คโ€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์„ ๋งŒ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ํŠ•๊ฒจ์ ธ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:53
The amount of time spent drawing ranged from four seconds to 46 minutes.
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ 4์ดˆ์—์„œ 46๋ถ„๊นŒ์ง€๋กœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
That gives you an idea of the different types of motivations and dedication.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ—Œ์‹ ๊ณผ ์ž๊ทน์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
And there were 7,599 people that contributed to the project,
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7599๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋งŒํผ์˜ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ IP ์ฃผ์†Œ๊ฐ€
06:02
or were unique IP addresses --
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์ ‘์†ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
so about how many people contributed.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
But only one of them out of the 7,599 said this.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, 7599๋ช…์ค‘ ๋‹จ ํ•œ๋ช…์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:14
Which I was pretty surprised by.
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์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
I expected people to be wondering, "Why did I draw a sheep?"
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์™œ ์–‘์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆด๊นŒ๋ฅผ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
And I think it's a pretty valid question.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ ๋งค์šฐ ์˜๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
And there's a lot of reasons why I chose sheep.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์–‘์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
Sheep were the first animal
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์–‘์€,
06:25
to be raised from mechanically processed byproducts,
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์–‘์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณต๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
the first to be selectively bred for production traits,
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์–‘์€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ ํƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธธ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
06:29
the first animal to be cloned.
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๋ณต์ œ๋œ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
Obviously, we think of sheep as followers.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–‘์„ โ€œ์ถ”์ข…์žโ€๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
And there's this reference to "Le Petit Prince"
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์™•์ž์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
where the narrator asks the prince to draw a sheep.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์™•์ž์—์„œ, ํ™”์ž๋Š” ์™•์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์–‘์„ ๊ทธ๋ ค๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
He draws sheep after sheep.
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์™•์ž๋Š” ์–‘ ๋’ค์— ์–‘์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
The narrator's only appeased when he draws a box.
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ํ™”์ž๋Š” ์™•์ž๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆด ๋•Œ๋งŒ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
And he says, "It's not about a scientific rendering of a sheep.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–‘์„ ๊ณผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ.
06:43
It's about your own interpretation and doing something different."
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๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„ˆ๋งŒ์˜ ํ•ด์„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ด ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
And I like that.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ €๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
So this is a clip from Charlie Chaplin's "Modern Times."
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฐฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฑ„ํ”Œ๋ฆฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋˜ํƒ€์ž„์ฆˆ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
It's showing Charlie Chaplin dealing with some of the major changes
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜๋ช… ๋™์•ˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
06:53
during the Industrial Revolution.
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์ฐฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฑ„ํ”Œ๋ฆฐ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
So there were no longer shoe makers,
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ์‹ ๋ฐœ ์ œ์กฐ ์—…์ฒด๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
but now there are people slapping soles on people's shoes.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‹ ๋ฐœ์— ๋ฐ‘์ฐฝ์„ ๋‘๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
And the whole idea of one's relationship to their work changed a lot.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
So I thought this was an interesting clip
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ 16๊ฐœ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
07:04
to divide into 16 pieces
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
and feed into the Mechanical Turk with a drawing tool.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๊ธ€๋Š” ํˆด์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ํ„ฐํฌ์— ์ ์šฉ ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
This basically allowed -- what you see on the left side is the original frame,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ผ์ชฝ์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์›๋ž˜์˜ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
and on the right side you see that frame
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์—๋Š” 16๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ•ด์„๋œ
07:14
as interpreted by 16 people
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ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
who have no idea what it is they're doing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ 16๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
And this was the inspiration for a project
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ์ธ ํƒ€์นด์‹œ ์นด์™€์‹œ๋งˆ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•œ
07:20
that I worked on with my friend Takashi Kawashima.
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
We decided to use the Mechanical Turk for exactly what it was meant for,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒ„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
07:24
which is making money.
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ํ„ฐํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
So we took a hundred dollar bill and divided it into 10,000 teeny pieces,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”, ๋ฐฑ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์งœ๋ฆฌ ์ง€ํ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด
07:29
and we fed those into the Mechanical Turk.
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๊ทธ ์กฐ๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ํ„ฐํฌ์— ์ ์šฉ์‹œ์ผœ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
We asked people to draw what it was that they saw.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ์š”๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
But here there was no sheep-like criteria.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์–‘์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆด ๋•Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์ค€์€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
People, if they drew a stick figure or a smiley face,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์„ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งŒํ™” ์‹์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด,
07:38
it actually made it into the bill.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๊ธ‰๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
So what you see is actually a representation of how well people did
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ,
07:42
what it was they were asked to do.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์›ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
So we took these hundred dollar bills,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด 100๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์งœ๋ฆฌ ์ง€ํ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์„œ,
07:46
and we put them on a website called TenThousandsCents.com,
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TenThousandsCents ๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ๊ทธ ์ง€ํ๋“ค์„ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
where you can browse through and see all the individual contributions.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
And you can also trade real hundred-dollar bills for fake hundred-dollar bills
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹ค์ œ์˜ ๋ฐฑ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์งœ๋ฆฌ ์ง€ํ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งœ ๋ฐฑ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ง€ํ์™€ ๊ตํ™˜ํ•˜์—ฌ,
07:54
and make a donation to the Hundred Dollar Laptop Project,
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โ€œ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ํ•œ๋ช…๋‹น ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถโ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๋ฐฑ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—
07:57
which is now known as One Laptop Per Child.
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๊ธฐ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
This is again showing all the different contributions.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
You see some people did beautiful stipple renderings,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋“ค์ด๋ฉด์„œ,
08:04
like this one on top --
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์ƒ๋‹จ์— ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋“ค์„
08:06
spent a long time making realistic versions.
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๊ทธ๋ ค๋†“์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
And other people would draw stick figures or smiley faces.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งŒํ™”์‹์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
Here on the right-hand side in the middle
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์—
08:14
you see this one guy writing, "$0.01!!! Really?"
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์จ๋†“์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
That's all I'm getting paid for this?
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โ€œ0.01๋ถˆ์ด์š”? ์ •๋ง๋กœ, ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋ถ€์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?โ€
08:21
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
08:23
So the last Mechanical Turk project I'm going to talk to you about
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ํ„ฐํฌ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š”
08:25
is called Bicycle Built for 2000.
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2000์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
This is a collaboration with my friend Daniel Massey.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์—˜ ๋งค์‹œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
You may recognize these two guys.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์•Œ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
This is Max Mathews and John Kelly from Bell Labs in the '60s,
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ 60๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋ฒจ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋งฅ์Šค ๋งคํŠœ์™€ ์กด ์บ˜๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
where they created the song "Daisy Bell,"
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์ธ
08:36
which was the world's first singing computer.
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๋ฐ์ด์ง€ ๋ฒจ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
You may recognize it from "2001: A Space Odyssey."
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด โ€œ2001:A space Odysseyโ€์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
When HAL's dying at the end of the film he starts singing this song,
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ํ• ์ด ์˜ํ™” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ,
08:43
as a reference to when computers became human.
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์ด ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
So we resynthesized this song.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์žฌํ•ฉ์„ฑ ํ•ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
This is what that sounded like.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
We broke down all the individual notes
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋…ธ๋ž˜์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์Œํ‘œ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
08:52
in the singing as well as the phonemes in the singing.
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์Œ์šด์„ ๋…ธ๋ž˜์—์„œ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
Daisy Bell: โ™ซ Daisy, Daisy ... โ™ซ
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๋ฐ์ด์ง€ ๋ฒจ : โ™ซ ๋ฐ์ด์ง€, ๋ฐ์ด์ง€ ... โ™ซ
08:59
Aaron Koblin: And we took all of those individual pieces,
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Aaron Koblin : ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์กฐ๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์„œ
09:01
and we fed them into another Turk request.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ํ„ฐํฌ์— ๋Œ€์ž…ํ•ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
This is what it would look like if you went to the site.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™”๋ฉด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
You type in your code,
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์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
but you first test your mic.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ์„  ๋งˆ์ดํฌ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
You'd be fed a simple audio clip.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์˜ค๋””์˜ค ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ์ž…ํ˜€๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
(Honk)
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(๋นต๋นต)
09:13
And then you'd do your best to recreate that with your own voice.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹  ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
09:22
After previewing it and confirming it's what you submitted,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ œ์ถœํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ณ  ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณธ ํ›„์—,
09:25
you could submit it into the Mechanical Turk with no other context.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ํ„ฐํฌ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋„ฃ์–ด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
And this is what we first got back from the very first set of submissions.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์ถœํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
Recording: โ™ซ Daisy, Daisy โ™ซ
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๋…น์Œ : โ™ซ ๋ฐ์ด์ง€, ๋ฐ์ด์ง€ โ™ซ
09:36
โ™ซ give me your answer do โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋„ค ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ์ฃผ์˜ค.
09:41
โ™ซ I'm half crazy โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์œผ๋กœ โ™ซ
09:45
โ™ซ all for the love of you โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋ฐ˜์€ ์ œ์ •์‹ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์˜ค. โ™ซ
09:50
โ™ซ It can't be a stylish marriage โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ธ๋ จ๋œ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ™ซ
09:55
โ™ซ I can't afford a carriage โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์‚ด ์—ฌ์œ ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ™ซ
09:59
โ™ซ But you'll look sweet upon the seat โ™ซ
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โ™ซํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‘˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ด ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์œ„์—์„œ๋„โ™ซ
10:04
โ™ซ of a bicycle built for two โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•ด ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ™ซ
10:09
AK: So James Surowieki has this idea of the wisdom of crowds,
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AK : James Surowieki๋Š” ๊ตฐ์ค‘์˜ ์ง€ํ˜œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
that says that a whole bunch of people are smarter than any individual.
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๊ตฐ์ค‘์˜ ์ง€ํ˜œ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
We wanted to see how this applies to collaborative, distributed music making,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์„, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
10:18
where nobody has any idea what it is they're working on.
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ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์Œ์•… ์ž‘์—…์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:21
So if you go to the BicycleBuiltforTwoThousand.com
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด BicycleBuiltforTwoThousand.com๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
10:23
you can actually hear what all this sounds like together.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
I'm sorry for this.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
(Noise)
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(์†Œ์Œ)
10:32
Chorus: โ™ซ Daisy, Daisy โ™ซ
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์ฝ”๋Ÿฌ์Šค : โ™ซ ๋ฐ์ด์ง€, ๋ฐ์ด์ง€ โ™ซ
10:36
โ™ซ Give me your answer do โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋„ค ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ์ฃผ์˜คโ™ซ
10:41
โ™ซ I'm half crazy โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์œผ๋กœ โ™ซ
10:46
โ™ซ all for the love of you โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋ฐ˜์€ ์ œ์ •์‹ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์˜คโ™ซ
10:50
โ™ซ It can't be a stylish marriage โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ธ๋ จ๋œ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ™ซ
10:55
โ™ซ I can't afford a carriage โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์‚ด ์—ฌ์œ ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ™ซ
10:59
โ™ซ But you'd look sweet upon the seat โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‘˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ด ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์œ„์—์„œ๋„โ™ซ
11:04
โ™ซ of a bicycle built for two โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•ด ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ™ซ
11:10
AK: So stepping back for a quick second,
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AK : ์ž ์‹œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ UCLA์—์„œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์— ๋‹ค๋‹ ๋•Œ๋กœ
11:13
when I was at UCLA going to grad school,
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๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
I was also working at a place called the Center for Embedded Network Sensing.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” Embedded Network sensing์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
And I was writing software to visualize laser scanners.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์Šค์บ๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
So basically motion through 3D space.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ 3์ฐจ์› ๋™์ž‘์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
And this was seen by a director in L.A. named James Frost
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , L.A์˜ James Frost ๊ฐ๋…์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
who said, "Wait a minute.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ์ž ์‹œ๋งŒ์š”.
11:27
You mean we can shoot a music video without actually using any video?"
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ๋ฎค์ง ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? "
11:29
So we did exactly that.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
We made a music video for one of my favorite bands, Radiohead.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐด๋“œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ Radiohead์˜ ๋ฎค์ง ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
And I think one of my favorite parts of this project
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
11:35
was not just shooting a video with lasers,
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ ˆ์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
11:37
but we also open sourced it,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜คํ”ˆ ์†Œ์Šคํ™”ํ•ด์„œ
11:39
and we made it released as a Google Code project,
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€ ์ฝ”๋“œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋กœ ๋ฐฐํฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
where people could download a bunch of the data and some source code
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€
11:43
to build their own versions of it.
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์†Œ์Šค ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
And people were making some amazing things.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ๋“ค์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
This is actually two of my favorites:
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
11:49
the pin-board Thom Yorke and a LEGO Thom Yorke.
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ํ•€ ๋ณด๋“œ ํ†ฐ ์š”ํฌ์™€ LEGO ํ†ฐ ์š”ํฌ.
11:51
A whole YouTube channel of people submitting really interesting content.
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์ •๋ง ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ปจํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์œ ํˆฌ๋ธŒ ์ฑ„๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
More recently, somebody even 3D-printed Thom Yorke's head,
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์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋„, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ 3D์˜ ํ†ฐ ์š”ํฌ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ”„๋ฆฐํŠธ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
which is a little creepy, but pretty cool.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข€ ์˜ค์‹นํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
12:00
So with everybody making so much amazing stuff
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์ €๋Š”, ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
12:02
and actually understanding what it was they were working on,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
12:05
I was really interested in trying to make a collaborative project
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์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๋™ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
where people were working together to build something.
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๊ทธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ™์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
And I met a music video director named Chris Milk.
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์ €๋Š” Chris Milk๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฎค์ง ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๊ฐ๋…์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
And we started bouncing around ideas
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜‘์—… ๋ฎค์ง ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ
12:13
to make a collaborative music video project.
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
But we knew we really needed the right person
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ณ  ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
12:17
to kind of rally behind and build something for.
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์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
So we put the idea on the back burner for a few months.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
And he ended up talking to Rick Rubin,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , Ain't No Grave ๋ผ๋Š” Johnny Cas์˜ ์ฒซ ์•จ๋ฒ”์„ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•œ
12:24
who was finishing up Johnny Cash's final album
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Rick Rubin์—๊ฒŒ
12:26
called "Ain't No Grave."
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๋งํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
The lyrics to the leading track are "Ain't no grave can hold my body down."
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์ฒซ ํŠธ๋ž™์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๋Š” โ€œ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋‚ด ๋ชธ ๊ธฐ๋Œˆ ๋ฌด๋ค์ด ์—†๋„คโ€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
So we thought this was the perfect
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ ๊ธฐ๋…๋ฌผ๊ณผ
12:33
project to build a collaborative memorial
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Johnny Cash์˜ ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ๋ถ€ํ™œ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ
12:35
and a virtual resurrection for Johnny Cash.
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์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
So I teamed up with my good friend Ricardo Cabello, also known as Mr. doob,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” Mr. doob๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ Ricard Cabello์™€ ํŒ€์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
who's a much better programmer than I am,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋จธ์ด๊ณ 
12:42
and he made this amazing Flash drawing tool.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‰ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
As you know,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
12:46
an animation is a series of images.
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์• ๋‹ˆ๋ฉ”์ด์…˜์€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์—ฐ์†์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
So what we did was cross-cut a bunch of archival footage of Johnny Cash,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ์ดˆ์— 8์žฅ์˜ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์œผ๋กœ Johnny Cash์˜ ์ €์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ
12:51
and at eight frames a second,
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ํŽธ์ง‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
we allowed individuals to draw a single frame
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค์ด๋‚˜๋ฏนํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฎค์ง ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—
12:55
that would get woven into
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๊ฐ๊ฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„
12:57
this dynamically changing music video.
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๊ทธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
So I don't have time to play the entire thing for you,
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์ „์ฒด ํ™”๋ฉด์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:01
but I want to show you two short clips.
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๋Œ€์‹ , ์งง์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์˜์ƒ๋งŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
One is the beginning of the music video.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฎค์ง ๋น„๋””์˜ค์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
And that's going to be followed by a short clip
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
13:07
of people who have already contributed to the project
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์• ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์งง์€ ์˜์ƒ์ด
13:09
talking about it briefly.
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๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ผ ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
(Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
13:18
(Video) Johnny Cash: โ™ซ There ain't no grave โ™ซ
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(๋น„๋””์˜ค) ์ž๋‹ˆ ์บ์‰ฌ : โ™ซ๋‚ด ๋ชธ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋‰˜์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” โ™ซ
13:20
โ™ซ can hold my body down โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋ฌด๋ค๋„ ์—†๋‹คโ™ซ
13:24
โ™ซ There ain't no grave โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋ชธ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋‰˜์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”โ™ซ
13:26
โ™ซ can hold body down โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋ฌด๋ค๋„ ์—†๋‹ค.โ™ซ
13:30
โ™ซ When I hear the trumpet sound โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํŠธ๋ŸผํŽซ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,โ™ซ
13:34
โ™ซ I'm going to ride right out of the ground โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.โ™ซ
13:36
โ™ซ Ain't no grave โ™ซ
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โ™ซ๋‚ด ๋ชธ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”โ™ซ
13:39
โ™ซ can hold my body ... โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋ฌด๋ค๋„ ์—†๋‹ค.โ™ซ
13:42
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
13:44
AK: What better way to pay tribute to the man
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AK : ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ฐฌ์–‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๊ทธ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ž˜ ์ค‘์— ํ•œ๊ณก์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
13:47
than to make something for one of his songs.
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๋” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”.
13:50
Collaborator: I felt really sad when he died.
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๊ณต๋™ ์ž‘์—…์ž : ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ŠฌํŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
And I just thought it'd be wonderful,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
13:54
it'd be really nice to contribute something to his memory.
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
Collaborator Two: It really allows
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต๋™ ์ž‘์—…์ž : ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๊ณ  ์ˆจ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋…์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
13:59
this last recording of his
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ธฐ๋ก์„
14:02
to be a living, breathing memorial.
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ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
Collaborator Three: For all of the frames to be drawn by fans,
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์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต๋™ ์ž‘์—…์ž : ํŒฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์–ป์–ด์ง„ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„๋“ค์€,
14:10
each individual frame,
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๊ทธ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์€,
14:12
it's got a very powerful feeling to it.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:14
Collaborator Four: I've seen everybody
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๋„ค๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต๋™ ์ž‘์—…์ž :๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ณธ, ๋ฒ ๋„ค์ˆ˜์—˜๋ผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
14:16
from Japan, Venezuela, to the States,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊นŒ์ง€, ๋…น์Šค๋นŒ, ํ…Œ๋„ค์Šค๊นŒ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์˜จ
14:18
to Knoxville, Tennessee.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
Collaborator Five: As much as is different from frame to frame,
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๋‹ค์„ฏ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต๋™ ์ž‘์—…์ž : ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์€ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์ œ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:23
it really is personal.
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์ •๋ง ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
Collaborator Six: Watching the video in my room,
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์—ฌ์„ฏ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต๋™ ์ž‘์—…์ž : ๋‚ด ๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ ,
14:27
I could see me not understanding at the beginning of it.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:30
And I just worked and worked through problems,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:33
until my little wee battles that I was fighting within the picture
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋‚˜์˜ ์ „์Ÿ๋“ค์ด ์Šค์Šค๋กœ
14:37
all began to resolve themselves.
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๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:40
You can actually see the point when I know what I'm doing,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
14:42
and a lot of light and dark comes into it.
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ํฌ์ธํŠธ์™€ ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋น›๊ณผ ์–ด๋‘์›€์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
And in a weird way,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„
14:47
that's what I actually like about Johnny Cash's music as well.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ Johnny Cash์˜ ์Œ์•…์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:49
It's the sum total of his life,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:51
all the things that had happened --
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์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค, ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค.. โ€“
14:53
the bad things, the good things.
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
You're hearing a person's life.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:01
AK: So if you go to the website JohnnyCashProject.com,
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AK : ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ JohnnyCashProject.com์— ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
15:03
what you'll see is the video playing above.
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์œ„์—์„œ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด ๋œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:05
And below it are all the individual frames
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์•„๋ž˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ์ œ์ถœํ•ด์˜จ
15:07
that people have been submitting to the project.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„ ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:09
So this isn't finished at all,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ง ์™„์„ฑ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:11
but it's an ongoing project where people can continue to collaborate.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ˜‘์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
If you roll over any one of those individual thumbnails,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ธ๋„ค์ผ์„ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
15:15
you can see the person who drew that individual thumbnail
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ ์ธ๋„ค์ผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ
15:17
and where they were located.
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๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:19
And if you find one that you're interested in,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
15:21
you can actually click on it and open up an information panel
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ 
15:23
where you're able to rate that frame,
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์ •์ƒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š”
15:25
which helps it bubble up to the top.
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์ •๋ณด ํŒจ๋„์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
And you can also see the way that it was drawn.
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๋˜ํ•œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ค์ง„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
Again, you can get the playback and personal contribution.
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๋‹ค์‹œ, ๊ฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:31
In addition to that, it's listed, the artist's name, the location,
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ์ž‘์—…๊ฐ€์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„, ์œ„์น˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ค์™”๋Š”์ง€
15:34
how long they spent drawing it.
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์ •๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:36
And you can pick a style. So this one was tagged "Abstract."
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ โ€œ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธโ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
But there's a bunch of different styles.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:41
And you can sort the video a number of different ways.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:43
You can say, "I want to see the pointillist version
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ๋ฒ„์ „์ด๋‚˜, ์Šค์ผ€์น˜ํ•œ ๋ฒ„์ „ ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฒ„์ „์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดโ€
15:45
or the sketchy version or the realistic version.
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๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:47
And then this is, again, the abstract version,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€, ๋‹ค์‹œ, ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ฏธ์ณ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
15:49
which ends up getting a little bit crazy.
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์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋ฒ„์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:54
So the last project I want to talk to you about is another collaboration with Chris Milk.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋ฐ€ํฌ์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•œ ๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:57
And this is called "The Wilderness Downtown."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” "์•ผ์ƒ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ํƒ€์šด"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:59
It's an online music video for the Arcade Fire.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ โ€œArcade Fireโ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฎค์ง ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
Chris and I were really amazed
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค์™€ ์ €๋Š” ๋†€๋ž๋„๋ก ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
16:04
by the potential now with modern web browsers,
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HTML5 ์˜ค๋””์˜ค ๋น„๋””์˜ค์™€ ์ž๋ฐ”์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ๋ฅผ
16:06
where you have HTML5 audio and video
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๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ˜„๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์›น ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šฐ์ €์˜
16:08
and the power of JavaScript to render amazingly fast.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:11
And we wanted to push the idea of the music video that was meant for the Web
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 4:3 ๋˜๋Š” 16:9์œˆ๋„์šฐ์˜ ์›น์—
16:14
beyond the four-by-three or sixteen-by-nine window
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๋ฎค์ง ๋น„๋””์˜ค์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋„ฃ๊ณ ,
16:17
and try to make it play out and choreograph throughout the screen.
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ํ™”๋ฉด์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์žฌ์ƒํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:20
But most importantly, I think,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์—,
16:22
we really wanted to make an experience that was unlike the Johnny Cash Project,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” Johnny Cash ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:25
where you had a small group of people spending a lot of time
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๊ทธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์ž‘์€ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
16:28
to contribute something for everyone.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
What if we had a very low commitment,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ ์€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
16:33
but delivered something individually unique to each person who contributed?
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๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
16:36
So the project starts off by asking you to enter the address
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ž๋ž€ ์ง‘์˜ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ
16:38
of the home where you grew up.
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์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:40
And you type in the address --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:42
it actually creates a music video specifically for you,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๊ตฌ๊ธ€ ์ง€๋„์™€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง€๋„์—์„œ ์˜์ƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์„œ
16:44
pulling in Google maps and Streetview images
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋ฎค์ง ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ
16:46
into the experience itself.
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์ƒ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:48
So this should really be seen at home with you typing in your own address,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง‘์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ž…๋ ฅํ•œ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:51
but I'm going to give you a little preview of what you can expect.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:54
(Video) Win Butler: โ™ซ Now our lives are changing fast โ™ซ
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(๋น„๋””์˜ค) ์œˆ ๋ฒ„ํ‹€๋Ÿฌ : โ™ซ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ™ซ
16:58
โ™ซ Now our lives are changing fast โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์ด โ™ซ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
โ™ซ Hope that something pure can last โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ™ซ
17:06
โ™ซ Hope that something pure can last โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ™ซ
17:13
โ™ซ Ooh we used to wait โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์˜ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ™ซ
17:17
โ™ซ Ooh we used to wait โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์˜ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:21
โ™ซ Ooh we used to wait โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์˜ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ™ซ
17:24
โ™ซ Sometimes it never came โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„โ™ซ
17:27
โ™ซ Sometimes it never came โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„โ™ซ
17:31
โ™ซ Still moving through the pain โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋ฉฐโ™ซ
17:34
โ™ซ We used to wait for it โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ™ซ
17:38
โ™ซ We used to wait for it โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ™ซ
17:42
โ™ซ We used to wait for it โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ™ซ
17:50
AK: So I think, if there's one thing to take away from my talk today,
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AK : ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐˆ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
17:53
it's that an interface can be a powerful narrative device.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™” ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:55
And as we collect more and more personally and socially relevant data,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ด€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก
17:59
we have an opportunity, and maybe even an obligation,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์ด ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ ,
18:01
to maintain the humanity and tell some amazing stories
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์–ด๋–ค ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ,
18:03
as we explore and collaborate together.
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๋˜๋Š” ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:05
Thanks a lot.
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๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:07
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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