Indigenous knowledge meets science to take on climate change | Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim

120,608 views ใƒป 2020-04-24

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Shimon Rottenberg ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Sigal Tifferet
00:13
I guess all of you have a smartphone or an iPhone,
0
13208
5435
ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื—ื” ืฉืœื›ื•ืœื›ื ื™ืฉ ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื—ื›ื ืื• ืื™ื™ืคื•ืŸ,
00:18
and this morning, probably you checked on the weather,
1
18667
3976
ื•ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื“ืงืชื ืืช ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ,
00:22
if its going to be rainy to carry your umbrella,
2
22667
3809
ื”ืื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืจื“ืช ื’ืฉื ื•ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžื˜ืจื™ื”,
00:26
if it is going to be sunny to use your sunglasses,
3
26500
3143
ื”ืื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ืฉื˜ื•ืฃ ืฉืžืฉ ื•ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžืฉืงืคื™ ืฉืžืฉ,
00:29
or if it is going to be cold to have an extra coat.
4
29667
3208
ืื• ื”ืื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ืงืจ ื•ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžืขื™ืœ.
00:34
It's going to give you, sometime, good information and sometime not.
5
34167
5726
ืœืขืชื™ื ื”ื•ื ื™ืกืคืง ืœื›ื ืžื™ื“ืข ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ืœื.
00:39
Let me tell you,
6
39917
2226
ืชืฉืžืขื•,
00:42
my best app is my grandmother.
7
42167
3767
ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื ืกื‘ืชื™.
00:45
(Laughter)
8
45958
1917
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:49
She's called Mamadda.
9
49417
1767
ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื” ืžืืžื-ืื“ื”.
00:51
She can tell you not only today's weather
10
51208
4101
ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื™ืจ, ืœื ืจืง ื”ื™ื•ื,
00:55
but she can predict the next 12 months,
11
55333
2976
ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ืืช 12 ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื,
00:58
if it's going to be a good rain season or not.
12
58333
4851
ื”ืื ืชื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืื• ืœื.
01:03
She can tell you just by observing her environment,
13
63208
3851
ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“,
01:07
by observing the wind direction,
14
67083
2768
ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—,
01:09
the cloud position,
15
69875
1684
ืžื™ืงื•ื ื”ืขื ื ื™ื,
01:11
the bird migration,
16
71583
1893
ื ื“ื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื,
01:13
the size of fruits,
17
73500
1934
ื’ื•ื“ืœื ืฉืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืช,
01:15
the plant flowers.
18
75458
1810
ืคืจื—ื™ ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื.
01:17
She can tell you by observing the behavior of her own cattle.
19
77292
5708
ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจ ืฉืœื”.
01:23
That's how she knows better the weather and the ecosystem
20
83833
4560
ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื•ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช
01:28
that she's living in.
21
88417
1625
ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื”.
01:31
I'm coming from a pastoralist community
22
91208
4310
ืื ื™ ื‘ืื” ืžืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืขื™ื,
01:35
who are cattle herders.
23
95542
1809
ืจื•ืขื™ ื‘ืงืจ.
01:37
We are nomadic.
24
97375
2059
ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื.
01:39
We move from one place to another one
25
99458
2810
ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืขื™ื ืžืžืงื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื
01:42
to find water and pasture.
26
102292
2142
ื‘ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ืžื™ื ื•ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ืžืจืขื”.
01:44
We can move up to a thousand kilometers, the size of California, within one year.
27
104458
6042
ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ื•ืข ืขื“ ืืœืฃ ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ, ื›ื’ื•ื“ืœื” ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”, ื‘ืฉื ื” ืื—ืช.
01:51
And this life helps us to live in harmony with our ecosystem.
28
111792
5750
ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื” ืขื ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
01:58
We understand each other.
29
118583
1667
ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™.
02:01
For us, the nature is our supermarket,
30
121208
3435
ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืจื›ื•ืœ ืฉืœื ื•,
02:04
where we can collect our food,
31
124667
1892
ื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
02:06
our water.
32
126583
1268
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
02:07
It's our pharmacy where we can collect our medicinal plants.
33
127875
4268
ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ื• ืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ืฆืžื—ื™ ื”ืžืจืคื ืฉืœื ื•.
02:12
But it's our school,
34
132167
1476
ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื ื•,
02:13
where we can learn better how to protect it
35
133667
3809
ื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืื™ืš ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
02:17
and how it can give us back what we need.
36
137500
4042
ื•ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื ื• ืืช ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ื ื•.
02:22
But with the climate change impact,
37
142333
2042
ืื‘ืœ ืขื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื,
02:25
we are experiencing a different impact.
38
145542
4416
ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉื•ื ื”.
02:32
In my community,
39
152250
1250
ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื™ ื ืžืฆืืช,
02:35
we have one of the top five fresh waters in Africa.
40
155208
5226
ืœื™ื“ ืื—ื“ ืžื—ืžืฉืช ืžืงื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืžืชื•ืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
02:40
It's Lake Chad.
41
160458
1875
ื–ื”ื• ืื’ื ืฆ'ืื“.
02:43
When my mother was born,
42
163458
2310
ื›ืฉืืžื™ ื ื•ืœื“ื”,
02:45
Lake Chad used to be about 25,000 kilometers square of water.
43
165792
6976
ืฉื˜ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื’ื ืฆ'ืื“ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืจืš 25,000 ืงืž"ืจ.
02:52
When I was born, 30 years ago, it was 10,000 kilometers square.
44
172792
6226
ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™, ืœืคื ื™ 30 ืฉื ื”, ื”ืฉื˜ื— ื”ื™ื” 10,000 ืงืž"ืจ.
02:59
And actually now,
45
179042
2559
ื•ื”ื™ื•ื, ืœืžืขืฉื”,
03:01
it's about 1,200 kilometers square of water.
46
181625
4893
ืฉื˜ื—ื• ื‘ืขืจืš 1,200 ืงืž"ืจ.
03:06
Ninety percent of this water just evaporated, disappeared.
47
186542
5083
90 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืžื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืชืื™ื™ื“ื•, ื ืขืœืžื•.
03:12
And you have more than 40 million people
48
192833
3268
ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-40 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื
03:16
living around this lake and depending on it.
49
196125
4059
ื—ื™ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืื’ื ื”ื–ื” ื•ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื•.
03:20
They are pastoralists.
50
200208
1393
ื”ื ืจื•ืขื™ื.
03:21
They are fishermen.
51
201625
1684
ื”ื ื“ื™ื™ื’ื™ื.
03:23
And they are farmers.
52
203333
2310
ื•ื”ื ืื™ื›ืจื™ื.
03:25
They do not depend on the end of the month's salary.
53
205667
3517
ื”ื ืœื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื›ื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ.
03:29
They depend on the rainfall.
54
209208
2226
ื”ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื.
03:31
They depend on the crops that are growing
55
211458
2726
ื”ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืฆื•ืžื—
03:34
or the pasture for their cattle.
56
214208
2792
ืื• ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื”ืžืจืขื” ืœื‘ืงืจ ืฉืœื”ื.
03:38
The shrinking resources,
57
218583
2351
ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืฆื˜ืžืฆืžื™ื,
03:40
you have many communities that are fighting to get access.
58
220958
5393
ื•ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ืื‘ืงื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ื’ื™ืฉื”.
03:46
The first come is the first served.
59
226375
2309
ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื–ื•ื›ื”.
03:48
The second have to fight unto death.
60
228708
4042
ื”ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ืขื“ ืžื•ื•ืช.
03:54
So climate change is impacting our environment
61
234708
5060
ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื•
03:59
by changing our social life,
62
239792
2833
ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•,
04:04
because the role of man and woman in this region, it's different.
63
244167
6017
ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ื•ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
04:10
Man is supposed to feed his family,
64
250208
3393
ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ืืžื•ืจ ืœืกืคืง ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœืžืฉืคื—ืชื•,
04:13
take care of his community,
65
253625
2518
ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื•,
04:16
and if he cannot do that,
66
256167
1958
ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช,
04:19
his dignity is under threat.
67
259750
2542
ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืœื• ื‘ืกื›ื ื”.
04:24
He cannot do anything else to pay it back.
68
264708
3709
ืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”.
04:29
So climate change takes our men far away from us.
69
269958
5643
ืื– ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ืžืจื—ื™ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืžืื™ืชื ื•.
04:35
That is the migration.
70
275625
1792
ื–ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื”.
04:38
They can migrate to a big city where they can stay for six or 12 months,
71
278500
5518
ื”ื ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื ืœืขื™ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืฉื™ืฉื” ืื• ืฉื ื™ื-ืขืฉืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื,
04:44
where they get a job, they can send back money.
72
284042
4083
ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืฉื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื›ืกืฃ.
04:49
If they didn't get it,
73
289042
1309
ืื ื”ื ืœื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
04:50
they have to jump into the Mediterranean
74
290375
2559
ื”ื ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืœื™ื ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
04:52
and migrate to Europe.
75
292958
2643
ื•ืœื”ื’ืจ ืœืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
04:55
Some of them die there, but none of them stop going.
76
295625
4583
ื—ืœืงื ืžืชื™ื ืฉื, ืื‘ืœ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืœื ืขื•ืฆืจ.
05:02
Of course, it's sad for the hosting country,
77
302625
2809
ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื–ื” ืงืฉื” ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืืจื—ื•ืช,
05:05
who are developed countries,
78
305458
1334
ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช,
05:08
who have to adapt to host the migrants coming.
79
308167
2791
ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ืœืืจื— ืืช ื”ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื.
05:12
But how about those who are left behind,
80
312708
3435
ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืขื ืืœื” ืฉื ืฉืืจื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจ,
05:16
the women and the children who have to play the role of men,
81
316167
4559
ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื’ื‘ืจ,
05:20
the role of women,
82
320750
1268
ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื™ืฉื”,
05:22
who have to take care of the security,
83
322042
1892
ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ,
05:23
of the food, of the health of the entire family,
84
323958
3768
ืœืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”,
05:27
children and old people?
85
327750
1875
ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื–ืงื ื™ื?
05:31
So those women for me, they are my heroes,
86
331000
4583
ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื™,
05:37
because they are innovators, they are solution makers,
87
337667
4083
ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉื ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช,
05:42
they are changing the little of the resources
88
342958
2726
ื”ืŸ ืžืคื™ืงื•ืช ืžื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขื˜ื™ื
05:45
into the big for the community.
89
345708
3143
ืืช ื”ืžื™ืจื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”.
05:48
So those are my people.
90
348875
1958
ืืœื” ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื™.
05:52
So we use our indigenous people's traditional knowledge
91
352458
5393
ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืขื–ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ืข ื”ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ืฉืœื ื•
05:57
to get better resilience to what we need to survive.
92
357875
5542
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
06:05
Our knowledge is not only for our communities.
93
365208
3476
ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
06:08
It's to share with each and others who are living with us.
94
368708
5476
ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืคื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืขื ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื—ื™ ืื™ืชื ื•.
06:14
And indigenous peoples around the world
95
374208
2685
ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•
06:16
are saving 80 percent of the world's biodiversity.
96
376917
3875
ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ 80 ืื—ื•ื– ืžืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
06:22
That's the scientists who say that.
97
382292
1815
ืืช ื–ื” ื”ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื.
06:25
Indigenous peoples in the Amazon,
98
385917
2041
ื”ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืžื–ื•ื ืก,
06:29
you can find the most diverse ecosystem, better than the national park.
99
389292
5583
ืฉื ื ืžืฆืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ื ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืคืืจืง ืœืื•ืžื™.
06:36
The indigenous peoples from the Pacific,
100
396125
3059
ื”ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื™ ื”ืื•ืงื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืฉืงื˜,
06:39
the grandma and the grandpa,
101
399208
3101
ื”ืกื‘ืชื ื•ื”ืกื‘ื
06:42
they know where to get food after the hurricane hits them.
102
402333
5209
ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื™ืคื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื”ื•ืจื™ืงืŸ ืคื’ืข ื‘ื”ื.
06:49
So the knowledge that our peoples know
103
409417
3476
ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
06:52
is helping us to survive and helping other peoples also to survive
104
412917
4017
ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื ื• ืœืฉืจื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื–ืจ ื’ื ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ
06:56
the climate change impact.
105
416958
1893
ืขืœ ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื.
06:58
The world is losing.
106
418875
1768
ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืคืกื™ื“.
07:00
We lost already 60 percent of the species,
107
420667
5017
ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื‘ื“ื ื• 60 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืžื™ื ื™ื,
07:05
and it's increasing every day.
108
425708
2417
ื•ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื’ื“ืœ ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื.
07:09
So one day, I took a scientist to my community.
109
429208
4893
ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืžื“ืขืŸ ืืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื™.
07:14
I said, you are giving the good weather information through the TV and radio,
110
434125
5375
ืืžืจืชื™, ืืชื” ืžืกืคืง ืžื™ื“ืข ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืจื“ื™ื•,
07:20
but how about coming to my people?
111
440875
2518
ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ืชื‘ื•ื ืืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื™?
07:23
And then they come,
112
443417
1250
ื•ืื– ื”ื ื‘ืื™ื,
07:26
they sit around,
113
446042
1517
ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘,
07:27
and suddenly, as we are nomadic, we just start packing our stuff,
114
447583
4768
ื•ืคืชืื•ื, ื”ืจื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืืจื•ื–,
07:32
and then they say, like, "Are we moving?"
115
452375
2226
ื•ื”ื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื, "ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืงื•ื?"
07:34
I'm like, "No, we are not moving. It's going to rain."
116
454625
3309
ื•ืื ื™, "ืœื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื. ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืจื“ืช ื’ืฉื."
07:37
And they're like, "Oh, there's no cloud. How do you know it's going to rain?"
117
457958
3685
ื•ื”ื, "ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืขื ื ื™ื. ืื™ืš ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ืœืจื“ืช ื’ืฉื?"
07:41
We're like, "Yeah, it's going to rain." We pack our stuff.
118
461667
3392
ื•ืื ื—ื ื•, "ื›ืŸ, ื”ื’ืฉื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืจื“ืช." ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืจื–ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืฉืœื ื•.
07:45
Suddenly, heavy rain starts coming,
119
465083
4351
ืคืชืื•ื, ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื’ืฉื ื›ื‘ื“,
07:49
and we are seeing the scientist running around, hiding under trees
120
469458
3726
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ืžืชืจื•ืฆืฆื™ื, ืžืกืชืชืจื™ื ืžืชื—ืช ืœืขืฆื™ื
07:53
and protecting their stuff.
121
473208
1518
ื•ืžื’ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืฉืœื”ื.
07:54
We already packed ours.
122
474750
1518
ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืืจื–ื ื• ืืช ืฉืœื ื•.
07:56
(Laughter)
123
476292
1500
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:58
After the end of the rain, the serious discussion starts.
124
478625
4476
ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื’ืฉื, ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื™ื ื™.
ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ืื™ืš ื™ื“ืขืชื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ืœืจื“ืช ื’ืฉื?"
08:03
They say, "How do you know that it's going to rain?"
125
483125
2917
08:06
We say, "Well, the old woman observed the insects
126
486792
4601
ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื ื™ื, "ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ืงื ื” ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื” ื‘ื—ืจืงื™ื ืฉื”ื›ื ื™ืกื• ืืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื”ื ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
08:11
taking the eggs inside their homes,
127
491417
2559
08:14
and while the insect cannot talk or watch TV,
128
494000
4351
"ื•ืืžื ื ื”ื—ืจืงื™ื ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื™ื–ื™ื”
08:18
they know how to predict to protect their generations,
129
498375
4184
"ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื™ืš ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื•ืœื’ื•ื ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฆืืฆืื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
08:22
how to protect their food.
130
502583
2018
"ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื.
08:24
So for us it's the sign that it's going to rain
131
504625
3434
"ื•ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื• ื–ื” ื”ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ืœืจื“ืช ื’ืฉื
"ืชื•ืš ื›ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ."
08:28
in at maximum a couple of hours."
132
508083
2643
08:30
And then they say,
133
510750
1476
ื•ืื– ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื,
08:32
well, we do have knowledge,
134
512250
3143
"ืื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื™ื“ืข,
08:35
but we do not combine ecological knowledge and weather knowledge all together.
135
515417
5291
"ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื“ืข ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ืœื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื™ืจ."
08:41
So that's how I started working
136
521833
2935
ื›ืš ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“
08:44
with meteorological scientists and my communities
137
524792
4934
ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืžื˜ืื•ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
08:49
to give better information to get peoples adapted to climate change.
138
529750
4708
ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืกืคืง ืžื™ื“ืข ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื’ืœ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื.
08:57
I think, if we put together all the knowledge systems that we have --
139
537042
6226
ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื ื ืื—ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• --
09:03
science, technology,
140
543292
2809
ืžื“ืข, ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
09:06
traditional knowledge --
141
546125
1893
ื™ื“ืข ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ --
09:08
we can give the best of us to protect our peoples,
142
548042
5142
ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ืœื”ื’ื ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื•,
09:13
to protect our planet,
143
553208
1893
ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ,
09:15
to restore the ecosystem that we are losing.
144
555125
3000
ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื.
09:19
I did that in another way, also.
145
559042
1916
ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื–ืืช ื’ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื ื•ืกืคืช.
09:21
I used a tool that I really love a lot.
146
561750
3851
ื”ืฉืชืžืฉืชื™ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืื“ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช.
09:25
It's called a 3D participatory mapping:
147
565625
4184
ื”ื•ื ื ืงืจื "ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื™ ืชืœืช-ืžื™ืžื“ื™".
09:29
participatory, because it can bring women, men,
148
569833
5435
ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื™ -- ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื, ื’ื‘ืจื™ื,
09:35
youth, elders,
149
575292
2184
ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ื–ืงื ื™ื,
09:37
all the intergenerational peoples.
150
577500
3184
ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช.
09:40
Then they use science-based knowledge,
151
580708
3351
ื•ืื– ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ืข ืžื“ืขื™,
09:44
and the community comes together, they build this map,
152
584083
3226
ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืžืชืืกืคืช, ื•ื”ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ืžืคื”,
09:47
they figure out all the knowledge that we have
153
587333
2810
ื”ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•,
09:50
about where is our sacred forest, where is our water point,
154
590167
3809
ืื™ืคื” ื ืžืฆื ื”ื™ืขืจ ื”ืžืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœื ื•, ืื™ืคื” ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
09:54
where is our corridor,
155
594000
1518
ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืคืจื•ื–ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•,
09:55
where is the place that we move during each season.
156
595542
4333
ืœืืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื•ื ื”.
10:01
And these tools are amazing, because it's building capacity of women,
157
601667
4767
ื•ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื, ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ื,
10:06
because in our communities
158
606458
2518
ื›ื™ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
10:09
women and men cannot sit together.
159
609000
2143
ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื—ื“.
10:11
Men talk always, women just sitting there,
160
611167
3726
ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืจืง ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉื,
10:14
but in the back.
161
614917
1267
ืื‘ืœ ืžืื—ื•ืจ.
10:16
They are not there to take any decision.
162
616208
1935
ื”ืŸ ืœื ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ืฉื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช.
10:18
So after the men figure out all the knowledge,
163
618167
3726
ืื– ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื“ืข,
10:21
we say, well, you call the women, "Come and have a look."
164
621917
3309
ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ื ืงืจื ืœื ืฉื™ื, "ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืจืื•ืช."
10:25
They say, "Yes, sure,"
165
625250
1309
ื”ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื•ืช, "ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื˜ื—,"
10:26
because they've already done the first work.
166
626583
2098
ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื• ื”ื›ืœ ืžืจืืฉ.
10:28
(Laughter)
167
628685
1291
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
10:30
When the women come,
168
630000
1768
ื›ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช,
10:31
and they look at the map, they're like, "Mm, no."
169
631792
2726
ื•ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืžืคื”, ื”ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื•ืช, "ื”ืžืž, ืœื."
10:34
(Laughter)
170
634542
1476
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
10:36
"This is wrong.
171
636042
1267
"ื–ื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
10:37
Here's where I collect the medicine. Here's where I collect the food.
172
637333
3268
"ื›ืืŸ ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆืืช ืฆืžื—ื™ ืžืจืคื. ืคื” ื™ืฉ ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
10:40
Here's where I collect --"
173
640625
1601
"ื›ืืŸ ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆืืช..."
10:42
So we changed the knowledge in the map,
174
642250
2434
ืื– ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืžืคื”,
10:44
and we called the men.
175
644708
1667
ื•ืงืจืื ื• ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื.
10:47
Well, they think about what women say.
176
647208
2185
ื•ืื– ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืžืจื•ืช.
10:49
All of them shaking their heads.
177
649417
1601
ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืžื”ื ื”ื ื™ื.
10:51
"They are right. They are right.
178
651042
2351
"ื”ืŸ ืฆื•ื“ืงื•ืช. ื”ืŸ ืฆื•ื“ืงื•ืช.
10:53
They are right."
179
653417
1392
"ื”ืŸ ืฆื•ื“ืงื•ืช."
10:54
So that's how we build the capacity of the women
180
654833
3601
ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ื
10:58
in giving them a voice
181
658458
1435
ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื”ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™
10:59
in this 3D participatory mapping,
182
659917
2142
ื‘ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื™ ื”ืชืœืช-ืžื™ืžื“ื™,
11:02
so women get the detailed knowledge
183
662083
2185
ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜
11:04
that can help the community to adapt.
184
664292
2767
ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืกืชื’ืœ.
11:07
And man have the bigger picture knowledge.
185
667083
3018
ื•ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
11:10
So when we put it together,
186
670125
2559
ื•ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื—ื“ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื”,
11:12
this map helps them to discuss
187
672708
4310
ื”ืžืคื” ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœื”ื ืœื“ื•ืŸ
11:17
but to mitigate the conflict between the communities
188
677042
3184
ื•ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช
11:20
to access the resources,
189
680250
1768
ืœืงื‘ืœ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžืฉืื‘ื™ื,
11:22
to share better these resources,
190
682042
1934
ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
11:24
to restore it
191
684000
1417
ืœืฉืงื ืื•ืชื,
11:26
and to manage it for the long term.
192
686833
2500
ื•ืœื ื”ืœ ืื•ืชื ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš.
11:31
Our knowledge is very useful.
193
691833
2893
ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ืžืื“.
11:34
Indigenous peoples' knowledge
194
694750
2184
ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื
11:36
are very crucial for our planet.
195
696958
4018
ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืžืื“ ืœื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
11:41
It's crucial for all the peoples.
196
701000
3917
ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื.
11:46
Science knowledge was discovered 200 years ago,
197
706042
5809
ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืคื ื™ 200 ืฉื ื”,
11:51
technology 100 years ago,
198
711875
2434
ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ 100 ืฉื ื”,
11:54
but indigenous peoples' knowledge, it's thousands of years ago.
199
714333
4417
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื.
11:59
So why we cannot put all of these together,
200
719750
3393
ืื– ืžื“ื•ืข ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื—ื“,
12:03
combine those three knowledges
201
723167
2976
ืœืฉืœื‘ ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ืืœื•
12:06
and give the better resilience
202
726167
1601
ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ
12:07
to the peoples who are getting the impact of climate change?
203
727792
5851
ืฉืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืžืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื?
12:13
And now it's not only the developing countries.
204
733667
2726
ื•ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช.
12:16
It's the developed countries also.
205
736417
1684
ืืœื ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช.
12:18
We saw the hurricane. We saw the flood around all the places.
206
738125
3809
ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ืงืŸ, ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืคื•ื ื•ืช.
12:21
We saw the fire, even here in California.
207
741958
3393
ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืฉืจื™ืคื•ืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ืคื” ื‘ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”.
12:25
So we need all this knowledge to come together.
208
745375
2518
ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืื—ื“.
12:27
We need the people in the center.
209
747917
2309
ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื–.
12:30
And we need the decision makers to change,
210
750250
2518
ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช,
12:32
scientists tell them,
211
752792
1416
ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ื™ืืžืจื• ืœื”ื,
12:35
and we tell them,
212
755417
1851
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืืžืจ ืœื”ื,
12:37
and we do have this knowledge.
213
757292
2517
ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื”.
12:39
We have 10 years to change it.
214
759833
3250
ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
12:43
Ten years is nothing,
215
763750
1851
ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ,
12:45
so we need to act all together
216
765625
2518
ืื– ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื—ื“
12:48
and we need to act right now.
217
768167
2642
ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืžื™ื“.
12:50
Thank you.
218
770833
1518
ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
12:52
(Applause)
219
772375
3792
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7