Every day you live, you impact the planet | Jane Goodall

91,150 views ใƒป 2020-08-10

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: nava yogev ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Sigal Tifferet
00:13
Chris Anderson: Dr. Jane Goodall, welcome.
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ื›ืจื™ืก ืื ื“ืจืกื•ืŸ : ื‘ืจื•ื›ื” ื”ื‘ืื”, ื“"ืจ ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื“ื•ืœ.
00:16
Jane Goodall: Thank you,
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ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื“ื•ืœ: ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”,
00:18
and I think, you know, we couldn't have a complete interview
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช, ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืจื•ืš ืืช ื”ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
00:22
unless people know Mr. H is with me,
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ืœื•ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืืช ืžืจ H ื”ื ืžืฆื ื›ืืŸ ืขื™ืžื™,
00:24
because everybody knows Mr. H.
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ื›ื™ ื›ื•ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืžืจ H.
00:28
CA: Hello, Mr. H.
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ื›. ื : ืฉืœื•ื, ืžืจ H.
00:30
In your TED Talk 17 years ago,
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ื‘ืฉื™ื—ืช ื˜ื“ ืฉืœืš, ืœืคื ื™ 17 ืฉื ื™ื,
00:32
you warned us about the dangers of humans crowding out the natural world.
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ื”ื–ื”ืจืช ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืœื™ืฉืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
00:38
Is there any sense in which you feel
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ื”ืื ืœืชื—ื•ืฉืชืš
00:40
that the current pandemic is kind of, nature striking back?
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ื”ืžื’ื™ืคื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช, ื”ื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืžื›ื” ื‘ื ื• ื—ื–ืจื”?
00:44
JG: It's very, very clear that these zoonotic diseases,
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ื’'.ื’ : ื–ื” ืžืื“ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืžื—ืœื•ืช ื–ื•ึนืื•ึนื ื•ึนื˜ึดื™ื•ืช,
00:49
like the corona and HIV/AIDS
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ื›ืžื• ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื•ืื™ื™ื“ืก
00:54
and all sorts of other diseases that we catch from animals,
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ื•ืขื•ื“ ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืืœื™ื ื• ืžื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื,
00:58
that's partly to do with destruction of the environment,
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ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืจืก ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
01:02
which, as animals lose habitat, they get crowded together
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ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื‘ืข"ื— ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ื ืžืฆื˜ื•ืคืคื™ื ื™ื—ื“
01:06
and sometimes that means that a virus from a reservoir species,
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ื•ืื– ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื ื’ื™ืฃ ืฉื—ื™ ืขื ืžื™ืŸ ืžืืจื—,
01:10
where it's lived harmoniously for maybe hundreds of years,
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ื‘ื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื” ืจื‘ืช ืฉื ื™ื,
01:13
jumps into a new species,
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ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœืžื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ,
01:15
then you also get animals being pushed into closer contact with humans.
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ื•ืœื–ื” ื ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื’ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ื‘ืข"ื— ื ื“ื—ืงื™ื ืœืžื’ืข ืงืจื•ื‘ ืขื ื”ืื“ื.
01:20
And sometimes one of these animals that has caught a virus can --
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ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื, ืื—ื“ ืžืื•ืชื ื‘ืข"ื— ืฉื ื“ื‘ืงื• ื‘ื ื’ื™ืฃ --
01:26
you know, provides the opportunity for that virus to jump into people
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ืขืœื•ืœ, ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื•, ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื’ื™ืฃ ืœืื“ื
01:30
and create a new disease, like COVID-19.
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ื•ื›ืš ืชื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืžื—ืœื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื›ืžื• ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”.
01:35
And in addition to that,
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ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื–ื”,
01:37
we are so disrespecting animals.
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ืื ื• ืžืชื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืกืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
01:39
We hunt them,
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ืื ื• ืฆื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื,
01:41
we kill them, we eat them,
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ืื ื• ื”ื•ืจื’ื™ื ืื•ืชื, ืื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื,
01:43
we traffic them,
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ืื ื• ืกื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื,
01:45
we send them off to the wild-animal markets
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ืื ื• ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืขื•ืœืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจ
01:51
in Asia,
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ื‘ืืกื™ื”,
01:53
where they're in terrible, cramped conditions, in tiny cages,
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ืฉื ื”ื ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ื ื•ืจืื™ื™ื, ื‘ื›ืœื•ื‘ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื˜ื ื™ื,
01:56
with people being contaminated with blood and urine and feces,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื—ืฉืคื™ื ื•ืžื–ื“ื”ืžื™ื ืžื“ื, ืฉืชืŸ ื•ืฆื•ืื”,
02:00
ideal conditions for a virus to spill from an animal to an animal,
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ืชื ืื™ื ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื ืœื”ื“ื‘ืงื” ืžื—ื™ื” ืœื—ื™ื”,
02:05
or an animal to a person.
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ืื• ืžื—ื™ื” ืœืื“ื.
02:07
CA: I'd love to just dip backwards in time for a bit,
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ื›.ื : ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ, ืœืขื‘ืจ,
02:11
because your story is so extraordinary.
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ื›ื™ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœืš ื›ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ.
02:13
I mean, despite the arguably even more sexist attitudes of the 1960s,
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ื›ื™ ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืกืงืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืฉื™ื,
02:17
somehow you were able to break through
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ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ืœืคืจื•ืฅ
02:20
and become one of the world's leading scientists,
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ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืื—ืช ื”ืžื“ืขื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
02:23
discovering this astonishing series of facts about chimpanzees,
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ื’ื™ืœื™ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื,
02:27
such as their tool use and so much more.
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ื›ืžื• ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื›ืœื™ื, ื•ืขื•ื“.
02:30
What was it about you, do you think,
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ืžื” ืœื“ืขืชืš, ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืš,
02:32
that allowed you to make such a breakthrough?
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ืฉืื™ืคืฉืจ ืœืš ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื›ื–ื• ืคืจื™ืฆืช ื“ืจืš?
02:36
JG: Well, the thing is, I was born loving animals,
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ื’'.ื’ : ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ืขื ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช,
02:39
and the most important thing was, I had a very supportive mother.
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ื•ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื›ืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืืžื ืชื•ืžื›ืช.
02:42
She didn't get mad when she found earthworms in my bed,
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ื”ื™ื ืœื ื›ืขืกื” ื›ืฉืžืฆืื” ืฉึทืืœึฐืฉืื•ึนืœึดื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื˜ืชื™,
02:45
she just said they better be in the garden.
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ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืืžืจื” ืฉืžื•ื˜ื‘ ืœื”ื ืœื”ื™ืžืฆื ื‘ื’ื™ื ื”.
02:47
And she didn't get mad when I disappeared for four hours
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ื”ื™ื ืœื ื›ืขืกื” ื›ืฉื ืขืœืžืชื™ ืœืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช
02:50
and she called the police, and I was sitting in a hen house,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื ืืœืฆื” ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœื™ ื‘ืœื•ืœ ื”ืชืจื ื’ื•ืœื•ืช,
02:53
because nobody would tell me where the hole was where the egg came out.
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ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืจ, ืžืžื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื”.
02:56
I had no dream of being a scientist,
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ืœื ื—ืœืžืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ืขื ื™ืช,
02:59
because women didn't do that sort of thing.
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ื›ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืขืกืงื• ืื– ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื–ื”.
03:01
In fact, there weren't any man doing it back then, either.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื’ื ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื.
03:04
And everybody laughed at me except Mom,
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ื›ื•ืœื ืฆื—ืงื• ืขืœื™, ืžืœื‘ื“ ืื™ืžื™,
03:06
who said, "If you really want this, you're going to have to work awfully hard,
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ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืœื™: "ืื ืืช ืื›ืŸ ื—ืคืฆื” ื‘ื–ืืช, ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื™ ืœืขืžื•ืœ ืงืฉื”,
03:10
take advantage of every opportunity,
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ืœื ืฆืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืชื™ืงืจื” ื‘ื“ืจื›ืš,
03:12
if you don't give up, maybe you'll find a way."
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ื•ืื ืœื ืชืจื™ืžื™ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ืชืžืฆืื™ ื“ืจืš."
03:14
CA: And somehow, you were able to kind of, earn the trust of chimpanzees
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ื›.ื : ื•ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื•, ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื
03:18
in the way that no one else had.
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืื™ืฉ ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—, ืœืคื ื™ื™ืš.
03:23
Looking back, what were the most exciting moments that you discovered
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ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืœืื—ื•ืจ, ืžื” ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื’ืขื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžืจืชืงื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจืš
03:27
or what is it that people still don't get about chimpanzees?
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ืื•, ืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื?
03:32
JG: Well, the thing is, you say, "See things nobody else had,
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ื’'.ื’.: ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ: "ืจืื™ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื—ืจื™ื ืœื ืจืื•,
03:36
get their trust."
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ื–ื›ื™ืช ื‘ืืžื•ื ื."
03:37
Nobody else had tried.
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจ ืœื ื ื™ืกื”.
03:39
Quite honestly.
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ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช.
03:41
So, basically, I used the same techniques
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืฉืชืžืฉืชื™ ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช
03:46
that I had to study the animals around my home when I was a child.
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ื‘ื”ืŸ ื—ืงืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืชื™, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“ื”.
03:50
Just sitting, patiently,
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื‘ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช,
03:52
not trying to get too close too quickly,
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ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืžื™ื“ื™, ืžื”ืจ ืžื™ื“ื™,
03:54
but it was awful, because the money was only for six months.
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ืืš ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื”, ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืจืง ืœืฉืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื.
03:59
I mean, you can imagine how difficult to get money
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ืืชื” ื•ื“ืื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ, ื›ืžื” ืงืฉื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ
04:01
for a young girl with no degree,
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ืœื ืขืจื” ืฆืขื™ืจื”, ืœืœื ืชื•ืืจ,
04:03
to go and do something as bizarre as sitting in a forest.
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ืœืœื›ืช ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืขืฉื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื•ื–ืจ ื›ืžื• ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืขืจ.
04:07
And you know, finally,
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ืืš ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ,
04:08
we got money for six months from an American philanthropist,
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ื”ืฉื’ื ื• ื›ืกืฃ ืœืฉืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืชื•ืจื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™,
04:13
and I knew with time I'd get the chimps' trust,
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ื•ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืื–ื›ื” ื‘ืืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื,
04:16
but did I have time?
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ืืš ื”ืื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ?
04:18
And weeks became months and then finally, after about four months,
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ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืคื›ื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืื–, ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืœืื—ืจ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื,
04:23
one chimpanzee began to lose his fear,
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ืื—ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ื”ื—ืœ ืœืื‘ื“ ืืช ื—ืฉืฉื•,
04:25
and it was he that on one occasion I saw --
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ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื” ื”ื–ื”, ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืคืขืžื™ื, ืจืื™ืชื™ --
04:28
I still wasn't really close, but I had my binoculars --
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืื“ ืงืจื•ื‘ื”, ืืš ื”ื™ืชื” ืขืœื™ ืžืฉืงืคืช --
04:32
and I saw him using and making tools to fish for termites.
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื›ืœื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื•ื’ ื˜ืจืžื™ื˜ื™ื.
04:37
And although I wasn't terribly surprised,
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืื“ ืžื•ืคืชืขืช,
04:40
because I've read about things captive chimps could do --
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ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืงืจืืชื™ ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ --
04:44
but I knew that science believed
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ืืš ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื“ืข ื”ืืžื™ืŸ
04:46
that humans, and only humans, used and made tools.
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ื›ื™ ืจืง ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื›ืœื™ื.
04:49
And I knew how excited [Dr. Louis] Leakey would be.
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ืœื›ืŸ ื™ื“ืขืชื™, ื›ืžื” ื ืจื’ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื” [ื“"ืจ ืœื•ืื™ืก] ืœื™ืงื™.
04:52
And it was that observation
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ื•ื”ื™ืชื” ื–ื• ื”ืชืฆืคื™ืช ื”ื–ื•,
04:54
that enabled him to go to the National Geographic,
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ืฉืื™ืคืฉืจื” ืœื•, ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื•ื ืœ ื’'ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืง,
04:57
and they said, "OK, we'll continue to support the research,"
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ื•ื”ื ืืžืจื•, "ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ,"
05:01
and they sent Hugo van Lawick, the photographer-filmmaker,
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ื•ื”ื ืฉืœื—ื• ืืช ื”ื•ื’ื• ื•ืืŸ ืœื•ืื™ืง, ืฆืœื - ืžืคื™ืง ืกืจื˜ื™ื,
05:05
to record what I was seeing.
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ืœืชืขื“ ืืช ืชืฆืคื™ื•ืชื™.
05:08
So a lot of scientists didn't want to believe the tool-using.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื“ืขื ื™ื, ืœื ืจืฆื• ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื™ื.
05:13
In fact, one of them said I must have taught the chimps.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื™ืžื“ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื.
05:16
(Laughter)
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( ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:18
Since I couldn't get near them, it would have been a miracle.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื, ื”ื™ื” ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื›ืš ื ืก.
05:20
But anyway, once they saw Hugo's film
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืคืŸ, ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืจืื• ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื’ื•
05:23
and that with all my descriptions of their behavior,
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ื‘ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื,
05:28
the scientists had to start changing their minds.
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ื”ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ื ืืœืฆื• ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื•ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื“ืขืชื.
05:31
CA: And since then, numerous other discoveries
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ื›. ื.: ื•ืžืื–, ื ื•ืกืคื• ืขื•ื“ ืชื’ืœื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช
05:34
that placed chimpanzees much closer to humans than people cared to believe.
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ืฉืžื™ืฆื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืื“ื, ืžืžื” ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ.
05:38
I think I saw you say at one point that they have a sense of humor.
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ื“ื•ืžื ื™ ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชืš ืื•ืžืจืช, ืžืชื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืœืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืฉ ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ.
05:42
How have you seen that expressed?
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืจืื™ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™?
05:44
JG: Well, you see it when they're playing games,
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ื’'.ื’.: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืฉื”ื ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื,
05:48
and there's a bigger one playing with a little one,
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ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืฉืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ื”ืงื˜ืŸ,
05:51
and he's trailing a vine around a tree.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืจืš ืขื ืฃ ื’ืคืŸ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขืฅ.
05:53
And every time the little one is about to catch it,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืชืคื•ืก ืืช ื”ืขื ืฃ,
05:56
the bigger one pulls it away,
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ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื•ืฉืš ืื•ืชื• ืžืžื ื•,
05:58
and the little one starts crying
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ื•ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื‘ื›ื•ืช
06:00
and the big one starts laughing.
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ื•ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฆื—ื•ืง.
06:02
So, you know.
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ืื–, ืืชื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ.
06:06
CA: And then, Jane, you observed something much more troubling,
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ื›.ื.: ื•ืื–, ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ, ืจืื™ืช ืชื•ืคืขื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื˜ืจื™ื“ื”,
06:11
which was these instances of chimpanzee gangs,
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ืžืงืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื—ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื,
06:16
tribes, groups, being brutally violent to each other.
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ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื, ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช, ื ื•ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื•ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืืœื” ื›ืœืคื™ ืืœื”.
06:22
I'm curious how you process that.
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ืื ื™ ืชื•ื”ื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืงื™ื‘ืœืช ื–ืืช.
06:26
And whether it made you, kind of,
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ื•ื”ืื ื–ื” ื’ืจื ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช,
06:29
I don't know, depressed about us, we're close to them,
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ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืžื“ื•ื›ื“ื›ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™, ืื ื• ื”ืจื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื,
06:32
did it make you feel that violence is irredeemably
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ื”ืื ื”ืจื’ืฉืช ืฉืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“
06:36
part of all the great apes, somehow?
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ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื›ืœ ืงื•ืคื™ ื”ืื“ื?
06:40
JG: Well, it obviously is.
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ื’'.ื’: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ืœื‘ื˜ื— ื›ืš.
06:43
And my first encounter with human, what I call evil,
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ื•ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ืขื ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืงื•ืจืืช ืœื• ืจื•ืข ืื ื•ืฉื™,
06:47
was the end of the war
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ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”
06:49
and the pictures from the Holocaust.
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ื•ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืฉื•ืื”.
06:52
And you know, that really shocked me.
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ื•ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื–ื™ืขื–ืข ืื•ืชื™.
06:54
That changed who I was.
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ืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™.
06:56
I was 10, I think, at the time.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื– ื‘ืช 10.
06:58
And when the chimpanzees,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื,
07:00
when I realized they have this dark, brutal side,
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ื›ืฉื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื, ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื‘ืจื•ื˜ืœื™, ื”ืืคืœ ื”ื–ื”
07:04
I thought they were like us but nicer.
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ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื”ื ื›ืžื•ื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื ื—ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
07:06
And then I realized they're even more like us
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื”ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื ื•
07:09
than I had thought.
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ืžืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื™.
07:10
And at that time, in the early '70s,
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ื‘ื–ืžื ื•, ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-70 ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžื•ืช,
07:14
it was very strange,
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืื“ ืžื•ื–ืจ,
07:16
aggression, there was a big thing
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ืชื•ืงืคื ื•ืช, ื”ื™ื” ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื
07:17
about, is aggression innate or learned.
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ื”ืื ืชื•ืงืคื ื•ืช ืžื•ืœื“ืช ืื• ื ืจื›ืฉืช.
07:21
And it became political.
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ื•ืื– ื–ื” ื”ืคืš ืœื ื•ืฉื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™.
07:24
And it was, I don't know, it was a very strange time,
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ืืœื• ื”ื™ื• ื–ืžื ื™ื ืžืื“ ืžื•ื–ืจื™ื,
07:27
and I was coming out, saying,
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ืื ื™ ื”ื‘ืขืชื™ ืืช ื“ืขืชื™ ื•ื˜ืขื ืชื™:
07:29
"No, I think aggression is definitely
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"ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืชื•ืงืคื ื•ืช, ืœืœื ืกืคืง
07:32
part of our inherited repertoire of behaviors."
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ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืจึถืคึผึถืจึฐื˜ื•ึผืึธืจ ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจืฉื”."
07:36
And I asked a very respected scientist what he really thought,
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ืฉืืœืชื™ ืžื“ืขืŸ ืžืื“ ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“, ืžื”ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื“ืขืชื• ื‘ื ื•ืฉื,
07:41
because he was coming out on the clean slate,
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ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืชืžืš ื‘ื’ืจืกืช ื”ืœื•ื— ื”ื—ืœืง,
07:44
aggression is learned,
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ืฉืชื•ืงืคื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื ืœืžื“ืช,
07:45
and he said, "Jane, I'd rather not talk about what I really think."
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ: "ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืžืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘."
07:50
That was a big shock as far as science was concerned for me.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจื™, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื“ืขื™ืช.
07:54
CA: I was brought up to believe a world of all things bright and beautiful.
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ื›.ื: ืื ื™ ื—ื•ื ื›ืชื™ ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉื‘ื• ื™ื•ืคื™ ื•ื–ื•ื”ืจ.
07:59
You know, numerous beautiful films of butterflies and bees and flowers,
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ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ืกืจื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืคืจืคืจื™ื, ื“ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืคืจื—ื™ื,
08:04
and you know, nature as this gorgeous landscape.
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ื˜ื‘ืข ื›ืชืžื•ื ืช ื ื•ืฃ ื ื”ื“ืจืช.
08:07
And many environmentalists often seem to take the stance,
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ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขื™ืœื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืžื“ื” ื”ื–ื•,
08:13
"Yes, nature is pure, nature is beautiful, humans are bad,"
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"ื›ืŸ, ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื˜ื”ื•ืจ, ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื™ืคื”, ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื”ืจืขื™ื,"
08:18
but then you have the kind of observations that you see,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื–, ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืฆืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืืช ืขื•ืจื›ืช,
08:20
when you actually look at any part of nature in more detail,
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ื›ืฉืืช ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ืช ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข, ื‘ืงืคื™ื“ื”,
08:23
you see things to be terrified by, honestly.
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ืืช ืจื•ืื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืคื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืื•ืชืš, ื‘ื›ื ื•ืช.
08:26
What do you make of nature, how do you think of it,
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ืžื”ื™ ืชืคื™ืกืชืš ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœื™ื•,
08:28
how should we think of it?
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข?
08:30
JG: Nature is, you know,
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ื’'.ื’: ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื•ื, ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข,
08:32
I mean, you think of the whole spectrum of evolution,
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ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื”,
08:36
and there's something about going to a pristine place,
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืชื™,
08:40
and Africa was very pristine when I was young.
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ื•ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืงื•ื ื›ื–ื”, ื‘ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืชื™.
08:45
And there were animals everywhere.
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
08:48
And I never liked the fact that lions killed,
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ื•ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืจื’ื™ื,
08:52
they have to, I mean, that's what they do,
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ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื,
08:54
if they didn't kill animals, they would die.
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ืื ื”ื ืœื ื™ื”ืจื’ื• ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืชื•.
08:58
And the big difference between them and us, I think,
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ื•ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื‘ื™ื ื ืœื‘ื™ื ื ื•, ืœื“ืขืชื™,
09:02
is that they do what they do because that's what they have to do.
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ื–ื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืžื•ื›ืจื—ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
09:08
And we can plan to do things.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
09:11
Our plans are very different.
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ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
09:13
We can plan to cut down a whole forest,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืœื›ืจื•ืช ื™ืขืจ ืฉืœื,
09:17
because we want to sell the timber,
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ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืขืฅ,
09:19
or because we want to build another shopping mall,
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ืื• ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ,
09:22
something like that.
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ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ืืœื•.
09:23
So our destruction of nature and our warfare,
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ืื– ื”ื”ืจืก ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
09:28
we're capable of evil because we can sit comfortably
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ืื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืจื•ืข ื›ื™ ืื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืฉื‘ืช ืœื ื• ื‘ื ื•ื—ื•ืช
09:32
and plan the torture of somebody far away.
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ื•ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•, ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืื™ืชื ื•.
09:34
That's evil.
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ื–ื” ืจื•ืข.
09:36
Chimpanzees have a sort of primitive war,
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ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืžืœื—ืžื” ืคืจื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช,
09:39
and they can be very aggressive,
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ื•ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื“ ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื,
09:41
but it's of the moment.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืจื’ืข.
09:42
It's how they feel.
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ื›ืš ื”ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื.
09:44
It's response to an emotion.
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ื–ื• ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœืจื’ืฉ.
09:46
CA: So your observation of the sophistication of chimpanzees
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ื›. ื.: ืื– ื”ืชืฆืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืš ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื
09:50
doesn't go as far as what some people would want to say
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ืœื ืžืจื—ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื›ืช ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ
09:53
is the sort of the human superpower,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืขืœ ืฉืœื ื• ื›ื‘ื ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ,
09:55
of being able to really simulate the future in our minds in great detail
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื‘ืคืจื•ื˜ืจื•ื˜
10:01
and make long-term plans.
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื—.
10:04
And act to encourage each other to achieve those long-term plans.
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ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื“ื“ื™, ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš.
10:09
That that feels, even to someone who spent so much time with chimpanzees,
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ, ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืžื™ ืฉืฉื”ื” ื–ืžืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžืžื•ืฉืš ืขื ืฉืžืคื ื–ื™ื,
10:13
that feels like a fundamentally different skill set
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ืฉื–ื”ื• ืกื˜ ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ
10:16
that we just have to take responsibility for
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ืขืœื™ื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช
10:18
and use much more wisely than we do.
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ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ื™ืชืจื”, ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉืื ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื?
10:21
JG: Yes, and I personally think,
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ื’'.ื’.: ื›ืŸ, ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช,
10:23
I mean, there's a lot of discussion about this,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื™ืฉ ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื,
10:25
but I think it's a fact that we developed the way of communication
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืคื™ืชื—ื ื• ืืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
10:29
that you and I are using.
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ื‘ื” ืืชื” ื•ืื ื™ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื.
10:31
And because we have words,
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ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžื™ืœื™ื,
10:33
I mean, animal communication is way more sophisticated
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ืื•ืžื ื ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืข"ื— ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžืช
10:36
than we used to think.
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ืžืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื ื•.
10:38
And chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans
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ื•ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื, ื’ื•ืจื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืื•ืจื ื’ืื•ื˜ื ื™ื
10:40
can learn human sign language of the Deaf.
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ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืฉืคืช ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืจืฉื™ื.
10:44
But we sort of grow up speaking whatever language it is.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื“ืœื™ื ืœืชื•ืš ืฉืคื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™.
10:50
So I can tell you about things that you've never heard of.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืœืžืฉืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœืš ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืฉืžืขืช.
10:53
And a chimpanzee couldn't do that.
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ื•ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
10:56
And we can teach our children about abstract things.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื• ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื•ืคืฉื˜ื™ื.
11:01
And chimpanzees couldn't do that.
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ื•ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื›ืš.
11:03
So yes, chimpanzees can do all sorts of clever things,
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ืื– ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื,
11:07
and so can elephants and so can crows and so can octopuses,
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ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ืคื™ืœื™ื, ืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื, ืชืžื ื•ื ื™ื,
11:11
but we design rockets that go off to another planet
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืชื›ื ื ื• ื˜ื™ืœื™ื, ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื™ื‘ืฉืช ืื—ืจืช
11:15
and little robots taking photographs,
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ื•ืจื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืžืฆืœืžื™ื ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช,
11:18
and we've designed this extraordinary way of you and me talking
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ื•ืชื›ื ื ื• ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžืฉื•ื—ื—ื™ื
11:22
in our different parts of the world.
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ืžืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืงื•ื.
11:25
When I was young, when I grew up,
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ื‘ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื•ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื” ื’ื“ืœืชื™,
11:26
there was no TV, there were no cell phones,
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื,
11:29
there was no computers.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื.
11:31
It was such a different world,
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ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš,
11:32
I had a pencil, pen and notebook, that was it.
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ืขื™ืคืจื•ืŸ, ืขื˜, ืžื—ื‘ืจืช, ื–ื”ื•.
11:36
CA: So just going back to this question about nature,
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ื›.ื.: ืื– ืื ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืฉืืœื” ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข,
11:39
because I think about this a lot,
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืจื‘ื•ืช,
11:41
and I struggle with this, honestly.
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ื•ื‘ื›ื ื•ืช, ื ืื‘ืง ืขื ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื–ื•.
11:45
So much of your work, so much of so many people who I respect,
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ื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ืชืš, ืžืชืคื™ืกืชื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื, ืฉืื ื™ ืžืขืจื™ืš,
11:49
is about this passion for trying not to screw up the natural world.
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ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืœื ืกื•ืช ื•ืœื ืœืงืœืงืœ ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
11:56
So is it possible, is it healthy, is it essential, perhaps,
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ืื–, ื”ืื ื–ื” ืืคืฉืจื™, ื‘ืจื™ื, ืื•ืœื™ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™,
11:59
to simultaneously accept that many aspects of nature
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ืœืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช, ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข
12:04
are terrifying,
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ื”ื ื ื•ืจืื™ื,
12:05
but also, I don't know, that it's awesome,
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ื•ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื,
12:08
and that some of the awesomeness comes from its potential to be terrifying
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ื•ืฉื—ืœืง ืžืื•ืชื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื•ืช, ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืฉื‘ื•, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ื•ืจืื™,
12:14
and that it is also just breathtakingly beautiful,
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ื•ืขื ื–ืืช, ื™ืคื” ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืขื•ืฆืจืช ื ืฉื™ืžื”,
12:18
and that we cannot be ourselves, because we are part of nature,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื•, ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื˜ื‘ืข,
12:22
we cannot be whole
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ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื™ื
12:25
unless we somehow embrace it and are part of it?
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ืืœื ืื ื ืืžืฅ ืื•ืชื•?
12:29
Help me with the language, Jane, on how that relationship should be.
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ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ, ืขื–ืจื™ ืœื™ ืขื ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื—, ืื™ืš ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ืืœื•.
12:34
JG: Well, I think one of the problems is, you know, as we developed our intellect,
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ื’'.ื’: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื—ืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช, ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืชืคืชื—ื ื• ืฉื›ืœื™ืช,
12:38
and we became better and better
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ื•ื”ืฉืชืคืจื ื• ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื•,
12:41
at modifying the environment for our own use,
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12:44
and creating fields and growing crops
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ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืฉื“ื•ืช ื•ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ ืชื‘ื•ืื”
12:47
where it used to be forest or woodland,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืคืขื ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื•ืขืฆื™ื,
12:50
and you know, we won't go into that now,
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ื•ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืœื ืื›ื ืก ืœื–ื” ื›ืขืช,
12:53
but we have this ability to change nature.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
12:56
And as we've moved more into towns and cities,
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ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืขื‘ืจื ื• ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืœืขืจื™ื ื•ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื,
13:01
and relied more on technology,
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ื•ื”ืกืชืžื›ื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
13:05
many people feel so divorced from the natural world.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื—ืฉื™ื ื›ื” ืžื ื•ืชืงื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
13:09
And there's hundreds, thousands of children
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืื•ืช ื•ืืœืคื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื
13:11
growing up in inner cities,
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ืฉื’ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ืขืจื™ื,
13:13
where there basically isn't any nature,
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ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ื˜ื‘ืข,
13:16
which is why this movement now to green our cities is so important.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ื–ื• ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืขืจื™ื ื• ืœื™ืจื•ืงื•ืช.
13:21
And you know, they've done experiments,
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ื•ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื ืขืฉื• ื ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช,
13:23
I think it was in Chicago, I'm not quite sure,
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื™ืงื’ื•, ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”,
13:26
and there were various empty lots
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ืฉื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ืจื™ืงื™ื
13:29
in a very violent part of town.
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ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืžืื“ ืืœื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ.
13:33
So in some of those areas they made it green,
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ืื– ื”ืคื›ื• ื—ืœืง ืžืื•ืชื ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ื ืœื™ืจื•ืงื™ื,
13:36
they put trees and flowers and things, shrubs in these vacant lots.
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ืฉืชืœื• ืคืจื—ื™ื, ื ื˜ืขื• ืขืฆื™ื, ืฉื™ืžืœืื• ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืจื™ืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
13:41
And the crime rate went right down.
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ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืคืฉืข ื™ืจื“.
13:45
So then of course, they put trees in the other half.
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ื•ืื– ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืฉืชืœื• ืขืฆื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืจื™ืงื™ื.
13:48
So it just shows, and also,
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ืื– ื–ื” ืžืจืื” -- ื•ื’ื,
13:50
there have been studies done showing that children
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ื ืขืจื›ื• ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉื”ืจืื• ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื
13:53
really need green nature for good psychological development.
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ืžืžืฉ ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื™ืจื•ืง ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืชืงื™ื ื”.
13:58
But we are, as you say, part of nature
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื•, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื˜ืขื ืช, ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื˜ื‘ืข
14:02
and we disrespect it, as we are,
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ื•ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื ื•, ื”ืœื ืžื›ื‘ื“ืช,
14:06
and that is so terrible for our children
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ืื ื• ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืขื•ื•ืœ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•
14:09
and our children's children,
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ื•ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•,
14:10
because we rely on nature for clean air, clean water,
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ื›ื™ ืื ื• ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื ืงื™, ืžื™ื ื ืงื™ื™ื,
14:14
for regulating climate and rainfall.
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ืœื•ื•ื™ืกื•ืช ืืงืœื™ื ื•ืžืžื˜ืจื™ื.
14:18
Look what we've done, look at the climate crisis.
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ืชืจืื” ืžื” ืขืฉื™ื ื•, ื”ื‘ื˜ ื‘ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืืงืœื™ื.
14:21
That's us. We did that.
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ื–ื” ืื ื—ื ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ืจืžื ื• ืœื›ืš.
14:23
CA: So a little over 30 years ago,
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ื›.ื: ืื– ืงืฆืช ืœืคื ื™ 30 ืฉื ื”,
14:25
you made this shift from scientist mainly to activist mainly, I guess.
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ืขื‘ืจืช ืžืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื“ืขื ื™ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืคืขื™ืœื”, ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื—.
14:31
Why?
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ืœืžื” ?
14:33
JG: Conference in 1986, scientific one, I'd got my PhD by then
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ื’'.ื’.: ื›ื ืก ืžื“ืขื™ ื‘-1986, ืœื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืื– ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจื˜
14:38
and it was to find out how chimp behavior differed, if it did,
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ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœ ืื™ืš ื•ื”ืื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื,
14:42
from one environment to another.
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ืžืฉืชื ื” ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืช ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื”.
14:44
There were six study sites across Africa.
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ื”ื™ื• ืื– ืฉืฉื” ืืชืจื™ ืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
14:46
So we thought, letโ€™s bring these scientists together
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ืื– ื—ืฉื‘ื ื•, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืืกื•ืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ื”ืืœื•
14:50
and explore this,
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ื•ื ื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื,
14:51
which was fascinating.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืจืชืง.
14:53
But we also had a session on conservation
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืขื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืžื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ
14:55
and a session on conditions in some captive situations
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ื•ืžื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืฉื‘ื™
14:59
like medical research.
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ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื.
15:01
And those two sessions were so shocking to me.
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ื•ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื™ื• ืขื‘ื•ืจื™ ื›ื” ืžื–ืขื–ืขื™ื.
15:06
I went to the conference a a scientist,
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ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื›ื ืก ื›ืžื“ืขื ื™ืช,
15:08
and I left as an activist.
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ื•ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืžืžื ื• ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช.
15:10
I didn't make the decision, something happened inside me.
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ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”. ืžืฉื”ื• ื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื™.
15:14
CA: So you spent the last 34 years
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ื›.ื.: ืื– ื”ืฉืงืขืช ืืช 34 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
15:17
sort of tirelessly campaigning for a better relationship
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ื‘ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืกืง ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
15:20
between people and nature.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ืœื˜ื‘ืข.
15:24
What should that relationship look like?
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ื›ื™ืฆื“, ืœื“ืขืชืš, ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ืืœื•?
15:31
JG: Well, you know, again you come up with all these problems.
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ื’'.ื’: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื•ืœื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช.
15:35
People have to have space to live.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืจื—ื‘ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•.
15:39
But I think the problem is
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื
15:41
that we've become, in the affluent societies,
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ืฉื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
15:45
too greedy.
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ื—ืžื“ื ื™ื™ื ืžื“ื™.
15:46
I mean, honestly, who needs four houses with huge grounds?
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ื›ื™ ื‘ืืžืช, ืžื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืืจื‘ืขื” ื‘ืชื™ื ืขื ื—ืœืงื•ืช ืื“ืžื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช?
15:52
And why do we need yet another shopping mall?
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ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืงื ื™ื•ืช?
15:55
And so on and so on.
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ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”.
15:57
So we are looking at short-term economic benefit,
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืจื•ื•ื— ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืงืฆืจ,
16:02
money has become a sort of god to worship,
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ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœืืœ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืขืจืฆื”,
16:05
as we lose all spiritual connection with the natural world.
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื ื• ื›ืœ ืงืฉืจ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืขื ืขื•ืœื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
16:09
And so we're looking for short-term monetary gain, or power,
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืจื•ื•ื— ื›ืกืคื™ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ื›ื•ื—,
16:15
rather than the health of the planet
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืฉืœื ื•
16:18
and the future of our children.
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ื•ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•.
16:21
We don't seem to care about that anymore.
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ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืื›ืคืช ืœื ื•.
16:24
That's why I'll never stop fighting.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื.
16:27
CA: I mean, in your work specifically on chimpanzee conservation,
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ื›.ื.: ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชืš, ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื,
16:31
you've made it practice to put people at the center of that,
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ื™ืฆืจืช ืžื ื”ื’ ื‘ื• ืืช ืžืขืžื™ื“ื” ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืจื›ื–,
16:36
local people, to engage them.
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ืœืขืจื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื.
16:38
How has that worked
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ืžืฆืœื™ื—
16:39
and do you think that's an essential idea
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ื•ื”ืื ืœื“ืขืชืš ื–ื”ื• ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื™ื•ื ื™
16:41
if we're to succeed in protecting the planet?
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ืื ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ?
16:44
JG: You know, after that famous conference,
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ื’'.ื’.: ืื—ืจื™ ืื•ืชื• ื›ื ืก ืžืคื•ืจืกื
16:47
I thought, well, I must learn more about why chimps are vanishing in Africa
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืขืœื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขื•ื“ ืขืœ ืœืžื” ื ืขืœืžื™ื ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
16:51
and what's happening to the forest.
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ื•ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœื™ืขืจื•ืช.
16:52
So I got a bit of money together and went out to visit six range countries.
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ืื– ื’ื™ื™ืกืชื™ ืงืฆืช ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื ืกืขืชื™ ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืฉืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ.
16:58
And learned a lot about the problems faced by chimps, you know,
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ื•ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื, ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข,
17:02
hunting for bushmeat and the live animal trade
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ืฆื™ื™ื“ ืœืฉื ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ืžืกื—ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื•ืช,
17:04
and caught in snares
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ืœื›ื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช,
17:06
and human populations growing and needing more land
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ื•ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœืขื•ื“ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื”
17:10
for their crops and their cattle and their villages.
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ืœื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ื, ื‘ืงืจ ื•ื›ืคืจื™ื.
17:14
But I was also learning about the plight faced by so many people.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื”ืŸ ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื.
17:19
The absolute poverty, the lack of health and education,
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ืขื•ื ื™ ืžืฉื•ื•ืข, ื—ื•ืœื™ ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืฉื›ืœื”,
17:23
the degradation of the land.
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ื”ื™ื“ืœื“ืœื•ืช ื”ืื“ืžื”.
17:25
And it came to a head when I flew over the tiny Gombe National Park.
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืœื˜ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื˜ื™ืกื” ืžืขืœ ื”ืคืืจืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื’ื•ืžื‘ื”.
17:30
It had been part of this equatorial forest belt right across Africa
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื—ืœืง ืžืจืฆื•ืขืช ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉื ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”
17:34
to the west coast,
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ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™,
17:36
and in 1990,
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ื•ื‘-1990,
17:37
it was just this little island of forest, just tiny national park.
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ื ื•ืชืจื• ืžืžื ื• ืจืง ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื™ืขืจ ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ืคืืจืง ืงื˜ื ื˜ืŸ.
17:41
All around, the hills were bare.
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ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘, ื”ื’ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื—ืฉื•ืคื•ืช.
17:43
And that's when it hit me.
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ื•ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื™ื›ื” ื‘ื™.
17:44
If we don't do something
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ืื ืœื ื ืคืขืœ
17:46
to help the people find ways of living
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ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ืจืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช
17:48
without destroying their environment,
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ืœืœื ื”ืจืก ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื”ื,
17:51
we can't even try to save the chimps.
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ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื.
17:54
So the Jane Goodall Institute began this program "Take Care,"
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ื•ืื– ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ
17:58
we call it "TACARE."
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื” "ื˜ืงืจื™".
18:00
And it's our method of community-based conservation,
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ื–ื”ื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”,
18:04
totally holistic.
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ืจืื™ื™ื” ื”ื•ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืœื’ืžืจื™.
18:06
And we've now put the tools of conservation
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ื•ื›ื™ื•ื ื ืชื ื• ื›ืœื™ื ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ
18:09
into the hand of the villagers,
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ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื, ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื›ืคืจื™ื,
18:11
because most Tanzanian wild chimps are not in protected areas,
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ื›ื™ ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื ื–ื ื™ื” ืœื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื ื•ืช,
18:16
they're just in the village forest reserves.
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ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื›ืคืจื™ื.
18:19
And so, they now go and measure the health of their forest.
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ื•ื›ืš, ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืœืžื“ื• ืœืžื“ื•ื“ ื•ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช.
18:24
They've understood now
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ื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•,
18:26
that protecting the forest isn't just for wildlife,
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ืฉื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื ื” ืจืง ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจ,
18:30
it's their own future.
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ืืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื’ื ืœืฉื ืขืชื™ื“ื.
18:31
That they need the forest.
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ื”ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื™ืขืจื•ืช.
18:34
And they're very proud.
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ื•ื”ื ืžืื“ ื’ืื™ื.
18:35
The volunteers go to workshops,
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ื”ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืกื“ื ืื•ืช,
18:37
they learn how to use smartphones,
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ื•ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืชืคืขืœ ืกืžืืจื˜ืคื•ื ื™ื,
18:39
they learn how to upload into platform and the cloud.
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ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืขื ืŸ.
18:44
And so it's all transparent.
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ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช.
18:47
And the trees have come back,
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ื•ื”ืขืฆื™ื ื—ื–ืจื•,
18:49
there's no bare hills anymore.
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ืื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื’ื‘ืขื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ืคื•ืช.
18:51
They agreed to make a buffer zone around Gombe,
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ื”ื ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื–ื•ืจ ืžืคื•ืจื– ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื’ื•ืžื‘ื”,
18:56
so the chimps have more forest than they did in 1990.
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ืื– ื›ืขืช, ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ืฉื˜ื— ื™ืขืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘-1990.
18:59
They're opening up corridors of forest
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ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืคืจื•ื–ื“ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืขืจ
19:01
to link the scattered chimp groups so that you don't get too much inbreeding.
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ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืžืฆื ืจื‘ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืื•ืชื” ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
19:07
So yes, it's worked, and it's in six other countries now.
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ืื– ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ืขื‘ื“, ื•ืžื™ื•ืฉื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืฉ ืืจืฆื•ืช.
19:10
Same thing.
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ืื•ืชื” ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช.
19:11
CA: I mean, you've been this extraordinary tireless voice, all around the world,
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ื›.ื.: ืืช ืงื•ืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ, ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืชืขื™ื™ืฃ, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•,
19:17
just traveling so much,
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ืจืง ืœื ืกื•ืข ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื”,
19:19
speaking everywhere, inspiring people everywhere.
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ืœื ืื•ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื”ืฉืจืื” ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
19:22
How on earth do you find the energy,
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ืื™ืš, ืœื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช, ืืช ืžื•ืฆืืช ืืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื”,
19:27
you know, the fire to do that,
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ืืช ื”ืืฉ ื‘ืชื•ื›ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช,
19:29
because that is exhausting to do,
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ืจื™ ืžืชื™ืฉ,
19:32
every meeting with lots of people,
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ื›ืœ ืžืคื’ืฉ ื›ื–ื” ืขื ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื,
19:35
it is just physically exhausting,
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ื–ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืชื™ืฉ ืคื™ื–ื™ืช,
19:37
and yet, here you are, still doing it.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ืืช, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื‘ื›ืš.
19:40
How are you doing this, Jane?
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืืช ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื”, ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ?
19:43
JG: Well, I suppose, you know, I'm obstinate, I don't like giving up,
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ื’'.ื’: ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื—ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขืงืฉื ื™ืช, ืื™ื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืœื•ื•ืชืจ,
19:48
but I'm not going to let these CEOs of big companies
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ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืชื ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
19:53
who are destroying the forests,
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ืฉื”ื•ืจืกื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช,
19:55
or the politicians who are unraveling all the protections that were put in place
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ืื• ืœืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ืฉืžืคืจืงื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื’ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืฉืžื•
20:01
by previous presidents,
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ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฉื™ืื™ื ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื,
20:03
and you know who I'm talking about.
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ื•ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื™ ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจืช.
20:06
And you know, I'll go on fighting,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื,
20:08
I care about, I'm passionate about the wildlife.
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ืื›ืคืช ืœื™, ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจ ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ืžื™.
20:12
I'm passionate about the natural world.
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ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื™ืงืจ ืœื™.
20:15
I love forests, it hurts me to see them damaged.
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ื™ืขืจื•ืช, ืžื›ืื™ื‘ ืœื™ ืœืจืื•ืชื ื ื”ืจืกื™ื.
20:19
And I care passionately about children.
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ื•ืื›ืคืช ืœื™ ืžืื“ ืžื™ืœื“ื™ื.
20:22
And we're stealing their future.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื•ื–ืœื™ื ืžื”ื ืืช ืขืชื™ื“ื.
20:24
And I'm not going to give up.
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ืื™ื ื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœื•ืชืจ.
20:26
So I guess I'm blessed with good genes, that's a gift,
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ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื—ื” ืฉื‘ื•ืจื›ืชื™ ื‘ื’ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื–ื• ืžืชื ื”,
20:31
and the other gift, which I discovered I had,
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ื•ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืฉื ื™ื—ื ืชื™ ื‘ื”,
20:34
was communication,
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ื”ื™ื ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช,
20:36
whether it's writing or speaking.
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ืื ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืื• ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
20:38
And so, you know,
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ื•ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข,
20:41
if going around like this wasn't working,
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ืื ื™ ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉื–ื• ืœื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
20:43
but every time I do a lecture,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืจืฆื”,
20:47
people come up and say,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื™ื’ืฉื™ื ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื™,
20:48
"Well, I had given up, but you've inspired me,
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"ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืžืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ืืš ืืช ื”ืขื ืงืช ืœื™ ื”ืฉืจืื”,
20:50
I promise to do my bit."
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ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื—ืœืงื™. "
20:53
And we have our youth program "Roots and Shoots" now in 65 countries
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื’ื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื "ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ื•ืฆืžื™ื—ื”" ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘-65 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช
20:58
and growing fast,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื’ื“ืœื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
20:59
all ages,
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ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื™ืœื™ื,
21:00
all choosing projects to help people, animals, the environment,
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ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื–ืจื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื, ื—ื™ื•ืช, ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
21:04
rolling up their sleeves and taking action.
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ืžืคืฉื™ืœื™ื ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื ื•ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื”.
21:06
And you know, they look at you with shining eyes,
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ื•ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืš ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื•ืจืงื•ืช,
21:09
wanting to tell Dr. Jane what they've been doing
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ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืกืคืจ ืœื“"ืจ ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื
21:12
to make the world a better place.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
21:14
How can I let them down?
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ืื™ืš ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืื›ื–ื‘ ืื•ืชื?
21:15
CA: I mean, as you look at the planet's future,
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ื›.ื.: ื›ืฉืืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ืขืชื™ื“ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ,
21:19
what worries you most, actually,
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ืžื” ืžื“ืื™ื’ ืื•ืชืš ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“,
21:20
what scares you most about where we're at?
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ืžื” ื”ื›ื™ ืžืคื—ื™ื“ ืื•ืชืš ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื?
21:25
JG: Well, the fact that we have a small window of time, I believe,
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ื’',ื’ : ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœืจืฉื•ืชื ื• ืœื”ืขืจื›ืชื™, ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ืงื˜ืŸ,
21:31
when we can at least start healing some of the harm
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ื‘ื• ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ื‘ืจืืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื–ืงื™ื
21:34
and slowing down climate change.
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ื•ื”ืื˜ืช ืงืฆื‘ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื.
21:37
But it is closing,
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื ืกื’ืจ,
21:39
and we've seen what happens with the lockdown around the world
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ื•ืจืื™ื ื• ืžื” ืงืจื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกื’ืจ
21:44
because of COVID-19:
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ืฉื ื‘ืข ืžื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”:
21:47
clear skies over cities,
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ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืขืœ ืขืจื™ื,
21:49
some people breathing clean air that they've never breathed before
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ื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื•ืฉืžื™ื ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืฆื— ืฉืœื ื ืฉืžื• ื›ืžื•ืชื• ืžืขื•ืœื
21:53
and looking up at the shining skies at night,
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ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ื ืžืขืœื” ืœืฉืžื™ื™ื ื–ื•ื”ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื”,
21:56
which they've never seen properly before.
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ืฉื”ื ืœื ืจืื• ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ.
21:58
And you know,
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ื•ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข,
22:01
so what worries me most
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื›ื™ ืžื“ืื™ื’ ืื•ืชื™
22:04
is how to get enough people,
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ื–ื” ืื™ืš ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืžืกืคื™ืง ืื ืฉื™ื,
22:07
people understand, but they're not taking action,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื, ืืš ื”ื ืื™ื ื ื ื•ืงื˜ื™ื ืขืžื“ื”,
22:09
how to get enough people to take action?
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืžืกืคื™ืง ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืขืžื“ื” ื•ื™ืคืขืœื•?
22:12
CA: National Geographic just launched this extraordinary film about you,
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ื›.ื: ื ืฉื™ื•ื ืœ ื’'ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืง ืคื™ืจืกื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืกืจื˜ ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื™ืš,
22:18
highlighting your work over six decades.
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ืฉืžืจืื” ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชืš ื‘ืฉืฉืช ื”ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœืคื™ื.
22:21
It's titled "Jane Goodall: The Hope."
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ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืฉืœื•: "ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื“ื•ืœ: ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื”."
22:26
So what is the hope, Jane?
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ืื– ืžื”ื™ ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ?
22:28
JG: Well, the hope,
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ื’', ื’.: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื”,
22:29
my greatest hope is all these young people.
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ืชืงื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื,
22:31
I mean, in China, people will come up and say,
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ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ืกื™ืŸ, ื™ืงื•ืžื• ื•ื™ืืžืจื•,
22:34
"Well, of course I care about the environment,
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"ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืื›ืคืช ืœื™ ืžื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
22:36
I was in 'Roots and Shoots' in primary school."
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘"ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ื•ืฆืžื™ื—ื”" ื‘ื‘ื™ื”"ืก ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™,"
22:38
And you know, we have "Roots and Shoots" just hanging on to the values
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ื•ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื‘"ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ื•ืฆืžื™ื—ื”" ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืœืขืจื›ื™ื
22:41
and they're so enthusiastic once they know the problems
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ื•ื”ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช
22:46
and they're empowered to take action,
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ื•ื”ื ืžื•ืขืฆืžื™ื ืœื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืคืขื•ืœื”,
22:48
they are clearing the streams, removing invasive species humanely.
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ื”ื ืžื ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื—ืœื™ื, ืžืจื—ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ืช ื–ื ื™ื ืคื•ืœืฉื™ื.
22:53
And they have so many ideas.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช.
22:55
And then there's, you know, this extraordinary intellect of ours.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื’ื, ืืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ ื”ืžื•ืคืœื ืฉืœื ื•.
23:00
We're beginning to use it to come up with technology
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
23:04
that really will help us to live in greater harmony,
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ืฉืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื”,
23:07
and in our individual lives,
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ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื,
23:09
let's think about the consequences of what we do each day.
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ื”ื‘ื” ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ื.
23:13
What do we buy, where did it come from,
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ืžื” ืื ื• ืงื•ื ื™ื, ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ืข,
23:15
how was it made?
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื›ืŸ?
23:16
Did it harm the environment, was it cruel to animals?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ื–ื™ืง ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ื”ืชืื›ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื?
23:19
Is it cheap because of child slave labor?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ื–ื•ืœ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื?
23:22
Make ethical choices.
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ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืืชื™ื•ืช.
23:24
Which you can't do if you're living in poverty, by the way.
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ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ,ืฉื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘, ืื™ื ื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืื ืืชื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื ื™.
23:27
And then finally, this indomitable spirit
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื”ื›ื ืขื”
23:30
of people who tackle what seems impossible
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ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ืžื” ืฉื ืจืื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™
23:32
and won't give up.
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ื•ืื™ื ื ืžื•ื•ืชืจื™ื.
23:35
You can't give up when you have those ...
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ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืš ืืช ืืœื•...
23:38
But you know, there are things that I can't fight.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื,
23:41
I can't fight corruption.
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ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช.
23:44
I can't fight military regimes and dictators.
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ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจื™ื ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื ื•ื“ื™ืงื˜ื˜ื•ืจื™ื.
23:50
So I can only do what I can do,
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืจืง ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื”,
23:52
and if we all do the bits that we can do,
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ื•ืื ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื•,
23:55
surely that makes a whole that eventually will win out.
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ื–ื” ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืœื ืฉืžืžื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื™ืฆืื• ื ืฉื›ืจื™ื.
23:59
CA: So, last question, Jane.
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ื›.ื: ืฉืืœื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ.
24:01
If there was one idea, one thought,
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ืื ื”ื™ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืื—ื“, ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืื—ืช,
24:03
one seed you could plant in the minds of everyone watching this,
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื ื˜ื•ืข ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ื ื•,
24:08
what would that be?
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ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื”?
24:10
JG: You know, just remember that every day you live,
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ื’'.ื’.: ืชื–ื›ืจื•, ืฉื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื‘ื• ืืชื ื—ื™ื™ื,
24:14
you make an impact on the planet.
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ืืชื ืžืฉืื™ืจื™ื ื—ื•ืชื ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
24:16
You can't help making an impact.
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ืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ื—ื•ืชื.
24:19
And at least, unless you're living in extreme poverty,
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ื•ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ืื ืืชื ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื ื™ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™,
24:22
you have a choice as to what sort of impact you make.
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ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื›ื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืื™ื–ื” ื—ื•ืชื ืชืฉืื™ืจื•.
24:25
Even in poverty you have a choice,
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืขื•ื ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื‘ืจื™ืจื”,
24:27
but when we are more affluent, we have a greater choice.
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ืืš ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื• ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ื’ื“ืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•.
24:31
And if we all make ethical choices,
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ื•ืื ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืืชื™ื•ืช,
24:34
then we start moving towards a world
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ืื–ื™ ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื ื•ืข ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืขื•ืœื
24:37
that will be not quite so desperate to leave to our great-grandchildren.
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ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืื™ืจ ื‘ื ื• ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื™ื™ืื•ืฉ ื›ืฉื ืฉืื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื—ืจื™ื ื• ืœื ื™ื ื ื•,
24:42
That's, I think, something for everybody.
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ื–ื”, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช, ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ื•ืœื.
24:47
Because a lot of people understand what's happening,
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ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”,
24:50
but they feel helpless and hopeless, and what can they do,
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ืืš ื”ื ื—ืฉื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ืื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžื™ื•ืืฉื™ื, ื•ืžื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
24:53
so they do nothing and they become apathetic.
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ืื– ื”ื ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืื“ื™ืฉื™ื.
24:56
And that is a huge danger, apathy.
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ื•ืื“ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืกื›ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.
24:59
CA: Dr. Jane Goodall, wow.
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ื›.ื.: ื“"ืจ ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ื•ืื•,
25:01
I really want to thank you for your extraordinary life,
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืš ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ืš ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ื”ื“ื•ืคืŸ,
25:05
for all that you've done
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ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืช
25:08
and for spending this time with us now.
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ื•ืขืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืœื ื• ื›ืขืช.
25:09
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
25:11
JG: Thank you.
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ื’'.ื’.: ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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