Every day you live, you impact the planet | Jane Goodall

89,494 views ใƒป 2020-08-10

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Irene Nayoung Ye ๊ฒ€ํ† : Eunice Yunjung Nam
00:13
Chris Anderson: Dr. Jane Goodall, welcome.
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์•ค๋”์Šจ (CA): ์ œ์ธ ๊ตฌ๋‹ฌ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜, ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
Jane Goodall: Thank you,
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์ œ์ธ ๊ตฌ๋‹ฌ (JG): ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
and I think, you know, we couldn't have a complete interview
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์ด๋ถ„ ์—†์ด ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ๋  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
00:22
unless people know Mr. H is with me,
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์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ H์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์…”์•ผ์ฃ .
00:24
because everybody knows Mr. H.
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H์”จ๋Š” ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
00:28
CA: Hello, Mr. H.
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CA: ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, H์”จ.
00:30
In your TED Talk 17 years ago,
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17๋…„ ์ „ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์€ TED ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์—์„œ
00:32
you warned us about the dangers of humans crowding out the natural world.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์ž์—ฐ์„ ๋ชฐ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ•˜์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
00:38
Is there any sense in which you feel
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์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์œ ํ–‰๋ณ‘์ด
00:40
that the current pandemic is kind of, nature striking back?
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์ž์—ฐ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฉ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:44
JG: It's very, very clear that these zoonotic diseases,
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JG: ์•„์ฃผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™๋ฌผ์›์„ฑ ๊ฐ์—ผ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:49
like the corona and HIV/AIDS
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์™€ ์—์ด์ฆˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
00:54
and all sorts of other diseases that we catch from animals,
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๋™๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์˜ค๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ณ‘๋“ค์ด
00:58
that's partly to do with destruction of the environment,
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์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ํŒŒ๊ดด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:02
which, as animals lose habitat, they get crowded together
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์ฆ‰, ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ์„œ์‹์ง€๋ฅผ ์žƒ์œผ๋ฉด, ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
01:06
and sometimes that means that a virus from a reservoir species,
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ํ‰ํ™”๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ž˜ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜
01:10
where it's lived harmoniously for maybe hundreds of years,
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ํ† ์ข… ๋™๋ฌผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€
01:13
jumps into a new species,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…์œผ๋กœ ์ „์ด๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
then you also get animals being pushed into closer contact with humans.
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๋˜ ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ์–ด์ฉ” ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ด ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค๊ณผ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ์ ‘์ด‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
01:20
And sometimes one of these animals that has caught a virus can --
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๊ฐ€๋” ๊ทธ ๋™๋ฌผ ์ค‘ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
01:26
you know, provides the opportunity for that virus to jump into people
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์˜ฎ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
and create a new disease, like COVID-19.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณ‘์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
01:35
And in addition to that,
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๋ง๋ถ™์ด์ž๋ฉด,
01:37
we are so disrespecting animals.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
We hunt them,
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๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅํ•˜๊ณ 
01:41
we kill them, we eat them,
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์ฃฝ์ด๊ณ , ๋จน๊ณ 
01:43
we traffic them,
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๋ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
01:45
we send them off to the wild-animal markets
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์•„์‹œ์•„์˜ ์•ผ์ƒ๋™๋ฌผ ์‹œ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
in Asia,
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01:53
where they're in terrible, cramped conditions, in tiny cages,
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ๋น„์ข๊ณ  ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€์„œ
01:56
with people being contaminated with blood and urine and feces,
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ํ”ผ, ์†Œ๋ณ€, ๋Œ€๋ณ€์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
ideal conditions for a virus to spill from an animal to an animal,
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋™๋ฌผ๋กœ ์ „์ด๋˜๊ธฐ์— ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด์ฃ .
02:05
or an animal to a person.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ์š”.
02:07
CA: I'd love to just dip backwards in time for a bit,
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CA: ์ž ๊น ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ์š”.
02:11
because your story is so extraordinary.
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๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋†€๋ž๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
02:13
I mean, despite the arguably even more sexist attitudes of the 1960s,
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1960๋…„๋Œ€ ์„ฑ์ฐจ๋ณ„์  ํƒœ๋„๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์‹ฌํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—
02:17
somehow you were able to break through
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๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜์…จ๊ณ ,
02:20
and become one of the world's leading scientists,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์•„์ฃผ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
02:23
discovering this astonishing series of facts about chimpanzees,
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์ด ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋˜๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”
02:27
such as their tool use and so much more.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
02:30
What was it about you, do you think,
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๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ ์ด
02:32
that allowed you to make such a breakthrough?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
02:36
JG: Well, the thing is, I was born loving animals,
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JG: ์ €๋Š” ํƒœ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:39
and the most important thing was, I had a very supportive mother.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ํฐ ํž˜์ด ๋˜์–ด์ฃผ์…จ์–ด์š”.
02:42
She didn't get mad when she found earthworms in my bed,
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์ œ ์นจ๋Œ€์—์„œ ์ง€๋ ์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ ๋„ ํ™”๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ์ฃ .
02:45
she just said they better be in the garden.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ •์›์— ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋‚ซ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์ฃ .
02:47
And she didn't get mad when I disappeared for four hours
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์ œ๊ฐ€ 4์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์—†์–ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ๋„ ํ™”๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ์–ด์š”.
02:50
and she called the police, and I was sitting in a hen house,
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„ ๋ถ€๋ฅด์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ €๋Š” ๋‹ญ์žฅ์— ์•‰์•„์žˆ์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
02:53
because nobody would tell me where the hole was where the egg came out.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์—์„œ ๋‹ฌ๊ฑ€์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
02:56
I had no dream of being a scientist,
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋Š” ๊ฟˆ๋„ ๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
02:59
because women didn't do that sort of thing.
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์—ฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
03:01
In fact, there weren't any man doing it back then, either.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ทธ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:04
And everybody laughed at me except Mom,
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋น„์›ƒ์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๊ณ 
03:06
who said, "If you really want this, you're going to have to work awfully hard,
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"๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ๋ฉด, ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
03:10
take advantage of every opportunity,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์žก์•„์•ผ ํ•ด.
ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด, ๊ธธ์ด ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์ฃ .
03:12
if you don't give up, maybe you'll find a way."
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03:14
CA: And somehow, you were able to kind of, earn the trust of chimpanzees
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CA: ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ์‹ ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป์œผ์…จ์–ด์š”.
03:18
in the way that no one else had.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
03:23
Looking back, what were the most exciting moments that you discovered
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฅ๋ถ„๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ธ์ œ์˜€๋‚˜์š”?
03:27
or what is it that people still don't get about chimpanzees?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
03:32
JG: Well, the thing is, you say, "See things nobody else had,
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JG: "์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค" ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
03:36
get their trust."
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03:37
Nobody else had tried.
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
03:39
Quite honestly.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋žฌ์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:41
So, basically, I used the same techniques
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด์˜€์„ ๋•Œ
03:46
that I had to study the animals around my home when I was a child.
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๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ผ๋˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:50
Just sitting, patiently,
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ˆ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์•‰์•„์„œ
03:52
not trying to get too close too quickly,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:54
but it was awful, because the money was only for six months.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์ด 6๊ฐœ์›”์น˜๋ผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ด‰๋ฐ•ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:59
I mean, you can imagine how difficult to get money
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๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ฆ๋„ ์—†๋Š” ์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์ž๊ฐ€
04:01
for a young girl with no degree,
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์ˆฒ์†์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ์•‰์•„์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ผ์—
04:03
to go and do something as bizarre as sitting in a forest.
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์ง€์›๊ธˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ๋ž€ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์–ด๋ ค์› ์ฃ .
04:07
And you know, finally,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด
04:08
we got money for six months from an American philanthropist,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ํ•œ ์ž์„ ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ 6๊ฐœ์›”๋ถ„์˜ ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์„ ์ฃผ์…จ์–ด์š”.
04:13
and I knew with time I'd get the chimps' trust,
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ „ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:16
but did I have time?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€์ฃ .
04:18
And weeks became months and then finally, after about four months,
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๋ช‡ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์•ฝ 4๊ฐœ์›”์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ
04:23
one chimpanzee began to lose his fear,
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ํ•œ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถ”๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:25
and it was he that on one occasion I saw --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋ฒˆ,
04:28
I still wasn't really close, but I had my binoculars --
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด
04:32
and I saw him using and making tools to fish for termites.
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๊ทธ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ดค์–ด์š”.
04:37
And although I wasn't terribly surprised,
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์‹ค์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋†€๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
because I've read about things captive chimps could do --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ฐ‡ํžŒ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๋Š” ์ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
04:44
but I knew that science believed
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ณผํ•™์€
04:46
that humans, and only humans, used and made tools.
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์˜ค์ง ์ธ๊ฐ„๋งŒ์ด ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
And I knew how excited [Dr. Louis] Leakey would be.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋ฃจ์ด์Šค ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†€๋ž„ ๊ฑฐ๋ž€ ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:52
And it was that observation
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๊ทธ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ๋•๋ถ„์—
04:54
that enabled him to go to the National Geographic,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚ด์…”๋„ ์ง€์˜ค๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
04:57
and they said, "OK, we'll continue to support the research,"
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:01
and they sent Hugo van Lawick, the photographer-filmmaker,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž‘๊ฐ€์ด์ž ์˜ํ™”์ œ์ž‘์ž์ธ ํœด๊ณ  ๋ฐด ๋กœ์œ…์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์คฌ๊ณ 
05:05
to record what I was seeing.
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์ œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.
05:08
So a lot of scientists didn't want to believe the tool-using.
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์–ดํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:13
In fact, one of them said I must have taught the chimps.
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๋‹น์‹œ ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นœ ๊ฒŒ ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:16
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:18
Since I couldn't get near them, it would have been a miracle.
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๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:20
But anyway, once they saw Hugo's film
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์•„๋ฌดํŠผ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„
05:23
and that with all my descriptions of their behavior,
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์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ ํœด๊ณ ์˜ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ดค๊ณ 
05:28
the scientists had to start changing their minds.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
CA: And since then, numerous other discoveries
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CA: ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
05:34
that placed chimpanzees much closer to humans than people cared to believe.
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ธ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์–ด์š”.
05:38
I think I saw you say at one point that they have a sense of humor.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋Š” ์œ ๋จธ ๊ฐ๊ฐ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
05:42
How have you seen that expressed?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์…จ์ฃ ?
05:44
JG: Well, you see it when they're playing games,
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JG: ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์ด ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:48
and there's a bigger one playing with a little one,
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๋ชธ์ง‘์ด ํฐ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์™€ ์ž‘์€ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:51
and he's trailing a vine around a tree.
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ํฐ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์ฃผ์œ„์˜ ๋ฉ๊ตด์„ ์žก์•„๋‹น๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
05:53
And every time the little one is about to catch it,
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์ž‘์€ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žก์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
05:56
the bigger one pulls it away,
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ํฐ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žก์•„๋‹น๊ฒจ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
05:58
and the little one starts crying
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์ž‘์€ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋Š” ์šธ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
06:00
and the big one starts laughing.
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ํฐ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›Œํ•˜๋”๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
06:02
So, you know.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
06:06
CA: And then, Jane, you observed something much more troubling,
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CA: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์ด ๊ณ ๋ฏผ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜์…จ์„ ๋ฒ•ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ,
06:11
which was these instances of chimpanzee gangs,
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž”์ธํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ–ˆ๋˜
06:16
tribes, groups, being brutally violent to each other.
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์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
I'm curious how you process that.
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๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด์š”.
06:26
And whether it made you, kind of,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ 
06:29
I don't know, depressed about us, we're close to them,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์šฐ์šธํ•˜์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด์š”.
06:32
did it make you feel that violence is irredeemably
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ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์œ ์ธ์›์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
06:36
part of all the great apes, somehow?
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06:40
JG: Well, it obviously is.
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JG: ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
06:43
And my first encounter with human, what I call evil,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ณธ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํญ๋ ฅ์€, ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์•…๋งˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
06:47
was the end of the war
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์ „์Ÿ์ด ๋๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ์™€
06:49
and the pictures from the Holocaust.
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ํ™€๋กœ์ฝ”์ŠคํŠธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋“ค์„ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ์ฃ .
06:52
And you know, that really shocked me.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
That changed who I was.
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์ผœ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
06:56
I was 10, I think, at the time.
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๋‹น์‹œ ์ €๋Š” 10์‚ด์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
06:58
And when the chimpanzees,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์ด
07:00
when I realized they have this dark, brutal side,
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์–ด๋‘ก๊ณ  ์ž”์ธํ•œ ๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์„ ๋•Œ
07:04
I thought they were like us but nicer.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๋„ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ข€ ๋” ์ฐฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:06
And then I realized they're even more like us
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์ดํ›„ ์ €๋Š” ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•จ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์ฃ .
07:09
than I had thought.
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07:10
And at that time, in the early '70s,
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70๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์—,
07:14
it was very strange,
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์•„์ฃผ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
07:16
aggression, there was a big thing
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๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํฐ ๋…ผ๋ž€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
about, is aggression innate or learned.
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๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ฑ์€ ์„ ์ฒœ์ ์ธ๊ฐ€ ํ›„์ฒœ์ ์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ž€์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:21
And it became political.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋…ผ๋ž€์€ ์ •์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:24
And it was, I don't know, it was a very strange time,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ •๋ง ์ด์ƒํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜€์ฃ .
07:27
and I was coming out, saying,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ
07:29
"No, I think aggression is definitely
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"๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ฑ์€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ
07:32
part of our inherited repertoire of behaviors."
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์„ ์ฒœ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๋‹ค." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:36
And I asked a very respected scientist what he really thought,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์กด๊ฒฝํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
because he was coming out on the clean slate,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ฑ์€ ํ›„์ฒœ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ํ•˜์…จ๋˜ ๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
07:44
aggression is learned,
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07:45
and he said, "Jane, I'd rather not talk about what I really think."
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๊ทธ๋Š” "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:50
That was a big shock as far as science was concerned for me.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•œ ์ด๋ž˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ๋ง์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:54
CA: I was brought up to believe a world of all things bright and beautiful.
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CA: ์ €๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋น›๋‚˜๊ณ  ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์–ด์™”์–ด์š”.
07:59
You know, numerous beautiful films of butterflies and bees and flowers,
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋‚˜๋น„, ๋ฒŒ๊ณผ ๊ฝƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ž์—ฐ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š”
08:04
and you know, nature as this gorgeous landscape.
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์˜ํ™”๋„ ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์ฃ .
08:07
And many environmentalists often seem to take the stance,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ก ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ž์ฃผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:13
"Yes, nature is pure, nature is beautiful, humans are bad,"
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"์ž์—ฐ์€ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์ง€๋งŒ, ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๋‚˜์˜๋‹ค."
08:18
but then you have the kind of observations that you see,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„
08:20
when you actually look at any part of nature in more detail,
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์ข€ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
08:23
you see things to be terrified by, honestly.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋‘๋ ค์šธ ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:26
What do you make of nature, how do you think of it,
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์ž์—ฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด์š”.
08:28
how should we think of it?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
08:30
JG: Nature is, you know,
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JG: ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์ž์—ฐ์€,
08:32
I mean, you think of the whole spectrum of evolution,
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์ง„ํ™”์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํฐ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด
08:36
and there's something about going to a pristine place,
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์›์‹œ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
08:40
and Africa was very pristine when I was young.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ๋Š” ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ณณ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
08:45
And there were animals everywhere.
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์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์— ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:48
And I never liked the fact that lions killed,
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์‹ซ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
08:52
they have to, I mean, that's what they do,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
08:54
if they didn't kill animals, they would die.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค๋„ ์ฃฝ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
08:58
And the big difference between them and us, I think,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€,
09:02
is that they do what they do because that's what they have to do.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
09:08
And we can plan to do things.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
Our plans are very different.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ„ํš์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์š”.
09:13
We can plan to cut down a whole forest,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์žฌ๋ฅผ ํŒ”๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
09:17
because we want to sell the timber,
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์ˆฒ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ๋ฒŒ๋ชฉ์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:19
or because we want to build another shopping mall,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์„ ๋” ์ง€์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„
09:22
something like that.
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์š”.
09:23
So our destruction of nature and our warfare,
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ž์—ฐ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋‚˜ ์ „์Ÿ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€
09:28
we're capable of evil because we can sit comfortably
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์•…๋งˆ ์ง“์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
ํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•‰์•„์„œ ๋จผ ๊ณณ์˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
09:32
and plan the torture of somebody far away.
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09:34
That's evil.
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์•…๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
09:36
Chimpanzees have a sort of primitive war,
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค๋„ ์›์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผœ์š”.
09:39
and they can be very aggressive,
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ด์š”.
09:41
but it's of the moment.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์ด์—์š”.
09:42
It's how they feel.
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09:44
It's response to an emotion.
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๊ฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
09:46
CA: So your observation of the sophistication of chimpanzees
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CA: ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์‹  ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์˜ ์ง€์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์€
09:50
doesn't go as far as what some people would want to say
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๋งŒํผ์€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
09:53
is the sort of the human superpower,
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09:55
of being able to really simulate the future in our minds in great detail
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์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„
10:01
and make long-term plans.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž์„ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์”€์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
10:04
And act to encourage each other to achieve those long-term plans.
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์žฅ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๋„ ๋ชป ํ•˜๊ณ ์š”.
10:09
That that feels, even to someone who spent so much time with chimpanzees,
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค๊ณผ ์˜ค๋žœ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง€๋‚ธ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ
10:13
that feels like a fundamentally different skill set
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๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ,
10:16
that we just have to take responsibility for
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ 
10:18
and use much more wisely than we do.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์จ์•ผ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์”€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:21
JG: Yes, and I personally think,
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JG: ๋„ค, ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
10:23
I mean, there's a lot of discussion about this,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ํ† ๋ก ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
10:25
but I think it's a fact that we developed the way of communication
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์•ค๋”์Šจ ์”จ์™€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
10:29
that you and I are using.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์‹œํ‚จ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
10:31
And because we have words,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
10:33
I mean, animal communication is way more sophisticated
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๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์™”๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
10:36
than we used to think.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
And chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์นจํŒฌ์ง€, ๊ณ ๋ฆด๋ผ, ์˜ค๋ž‘์šฐํƒ„์€
10:40
can learn human sign language of the Deaf.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
10:44
But we sort of grow up speaking whatever language it is.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์–ธ์–ด๋“ ์ง€ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
So I can tell you about things that you've never heard of.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
10:53
And a chimpanzee couldn't do that.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—์š”.
10:56
And we can teach our children about abstract things.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
11:01
And chimpanzees couldn't do that.
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
So yes, chimpanzees can do all sorts of clever things,
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๋งž์•„์š”. ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
11:07
and so can elephants and so can crows and so can octopuses,
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์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ, ๊นŒ๋งˆ๊ท€, ๋ฌธ์–ด๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์š”.
11:11
but we design rockets that go off to another planet
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ๋กœ์ผ“์„ ๋””์ž์ธํ•˜๊ณ 
11:15
and little robots taking photographs,
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์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋กœ๋ด‡๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
11:18
and we've designed this extraordinary way of you and me talking
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๋˜ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
11:22
in our different parts of the world.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
When I was young, when I grew up,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š”
11:26
there was no TV, there were no cell phones,
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TV๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ , ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ
11:29
there was no computers.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:31
It was such a different world,
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊ณผ๋Š” ์™„์ „ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜€์ฃ .
11:32
I had a pencil, pen and notebook, that was it.
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์—ฐํ•„, ํŽœ, ๊ณต์ฑ…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
CA: So just going back to this question about nature,
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CA: ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ž์—ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
11:39
because I think about this a lot,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•ด์š”.
11:41
and I struggle with this, honestly.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
11:45
So much of your work, so much of so many people who I respect,
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๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์˜ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์—…์ ๊ณผ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์กด๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
11:49
is about this passion for trying not to screw up the natural world.
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์ž์—ฐ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๋Š” ์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”.
11:56
So is it possible, is it healthy, is it essential, perhaps,
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์ž์—ฐ์€ ๋ฌด์„ญ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กญ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
11:59
to simultaneously accept that many aspects of nature
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์„
12:04
are terrifying,
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
12:05
but also, I don't know, that it's awesome,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”?
12:08
and that some of the awesomeness comes from its potential to be terrifying
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์›…์žฅํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์—๋Š” ์„ฌ๋œฉํ•œ ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
12:14
and that it is also just breathtakingly beautiful,
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๋™์‹œ์— ์ˆจ๋ง‰ํž ์ •๋„๋กœ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋ฉด๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
12:18
and that we cannot be ourselves, because we are part of nature,
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์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ธ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ž์—ฐ์ด ์—†์ด๋Š” ์™„์„ฑ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ 
12:22
we cannot be whole
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์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์ž์—ฐ์„ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
12:25
unless we somehow embrace it and are part of it?
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ฃ .
12:29
Help me with the language, Jane, on how that relationship should be.
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๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์ด ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ์–ด๋•Œ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
12:34
JG: Well, I think one of the problems is, you know, as we developed our intellect,
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JG: ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—, ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๋ฉด์„œ
12:38
and we became better and better
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ
12:41
at modifying the environment for our own use,
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
12:44
and creating fields and growing crops
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์ˆฒ์„ ๋ฐญ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
12:47
where it used to be forest or woodland,
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์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๊ณ 
12:50
and you know, we won't go into that now,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
12:53
but we have this ability to change nature.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ž์—ฐ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
12:56
And as we've moved more into towns and cities,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์„๊ณผ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฉด์„œ
13:01
and relied more on technology,
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๊ณผํ•™ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ์ข€ ๋” ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
13:05
many people feel so divorced from the natural world.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์—ฐ์—์„œ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
And there's hundreds, thousands of children
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ, ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋งŒ์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค์ด
13:11
growing up in inner cities,
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์  ์ž์—ฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”
13:13
where there basically isn't any nature,
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๋„์‹œ ์†์—์„œ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋กœ
13:16
which is why this movement now to green our cities is so important.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ž์—ฐ ์นœํ™”์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
13:21
And you know, they've done experiments,
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์–ด๋–ค ์‹คํ—˜์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
13:23
I think it was in Chicago, I'm not quite sure,
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์‹œ์นด๊ณ ์˜€๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•„์š”.
13:26
and there were various empty lots
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ ๋น„์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๋•…์ด ๋งŽ์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
13:29
in a very violent part of town.
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๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ฐ€ ์ž์ฃผ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
13:33
So in some of those areas they made it green,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋‚˜๋ฌด, ๊ฝƒ, ๊ด€๋ชฉ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
13:36
they put trees and flowers and things, shrubs in these vacant lots.
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๋นˆ ๋•…์— ์‹ฌ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
And the crime rate went right down.
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์ดํ›„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์œจ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋‚ฎ์•„์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์š”.
13:45
So then of course, they put trees in the other half.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์—๋„ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ์—ˆ์ฃ .
13:48
So it just shows, and also,
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์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
13:50
there have been studies done showing that children
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๋˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ๋„
13:53
really need green nature for good psychological development.
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์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์€ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์ฃ .
13:58
But we are, as you say, part of nature
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์•ค๋”์Šจ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์‹  ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ
14:02
and we disrespect it, as we are,
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์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋Œ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
14:06
and that is so terrible for our children
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์ž์†๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
and our children's children,
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14:10
because we rely on nature for clean air, clean water,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์— ์˜์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฌผ, ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐํ›„์™€ ๊ฐ•์šฐ ๋“ฑ์ด์š”.
14:14
for regulating climate and rainfall.
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14:18
Look what we've done, look at the climate crisis.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ณ ์š”.
14:21
That's us. We did that.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:23
CA: So a little over 30 years ago,
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CA: 30์—ฌ๋…„ ์ „์—
14:25
you made this shift from scientist mainly to activist mainly, I guess.
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๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž์—์„œ ํ™œ๋™๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ „ํ–ฅํ•˜์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
14:31
Why?
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์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
14:33
JG: Conference in 1986, scientific one, I'd got my PhD by then
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JG: 1986๋…„ ๊ณผํ•™ ํ•™ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ ํ•™์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
14:38
and it was to find out how chimp behavior differed, if it did,
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€์˜ ํ–‰๋™ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ
14:42
from one environment to another.
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์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
14:44
There were six study sites across Africa.
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:46
So we thought, letโ€™s bring these scientists together
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ ๋ชจ์•„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
14:50
and explore this,
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14:51
which was fascinating.
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๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
14:53
But we also had a session on conservation
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์—๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™œ๋™์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
14:55
and a session on conditions in some captive situations
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๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ฐ€๋‘ฌ๋‘๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
14:59
like medical research.
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์˜ํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜€์–ด์š”.
15:01
And those two sessions were so shocking to me.
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์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ™œ๋™์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
15:06
I went to the conference a a scientist,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋กœ์„œ ํ•™ํšŒ์— ์ฐธ์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
15:08
and I left as an activist.
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ํ™œ๋™๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์„œ ๋‚˜์™”์–ด์š”.
15:10
I didn't make the decision, something happened inside me.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์Œ ์†์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๊ฒฝ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
15:14
CA: So you spent the last 34 years
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CA: ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์€ 34๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
15:17
sort of tirelessly campaigning for a better relationship
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์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ™œ๋™์„
15:20
between people and nature.
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๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ํ•ด ์˜ค์…จ์–ด์š”.
15:24
What should that relationship look like?
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์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ์–ด๋•Œ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
15:31
JG: Well, you know, again you come up with all these problems.
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JG: ๋˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๊บผ๋‚ด์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
15:35
People have to have space to live.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ฃ .
15:39
But I think the problem is
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
15:41
that we've become, in the affluent societies,
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ํ’์š”๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์š•์‹ฌ์„ ๋ถ€๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
15:45
too greedy.
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15:46
I mean, honestly, who needs four houses with huge grounds?
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋„“์€ ๋งˆ๋‹น์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง‘์„ ๋„ค ์ฑ„์”ฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
15:52
And why do we need yet another shopping mall?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์ด ์™œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ฃ ?
15:55
And so on and so on.
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ๋์ด ์—†์–ด์š”.
15:57
So we are looking at short-term economic benefit,
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๋‹จ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ด์ต๋งŒ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๋ ค ํ•˜๊ณ 
16:02
money has become a sort of god to worship,
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์ž์—ฐ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •์‹ ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ์žƒ์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ
16:05
as we lose all spiritual connection with the natural world.
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๋ˆ์„ ์‹ ๊ฒฉํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
16:09
And so we're looking for short-term monetary gain, or power,
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๋‹จ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ธˆ์ „์  ์ด์ต๊ณผ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
16:15
rather than the health of the planet
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์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฑ์ •์€ ๋’ท์ „์ด์ฃ .
16:18
and the future of our children.
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16:21
We don't seem to care about that anymore.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์—†์–ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์š”.
16:24
That's why I'll never stop fighting.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์‹ธ์›Œ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:27
CA: I mean, in your work specifically on chimpanzee conservation,
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CA: ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์˜ ์—…์ ์—๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์—์„œ
16:31
you've made it practice to put people at the center of that,
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์ง€์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
16:36
local people, to engage them.
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16:38
How has that worked
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€,
16:39
and do you think that's an essential idea
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์ธ์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด์š”.
16:41
if we're to succeed in protecting the planet?
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16:44
JG: You know, after that famous conference,
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JG: ์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™ ํšŒ๋‹ด์—์„œ
16:47
I thought, well, I must learn more about why chimps are vanishing in Africa
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
16:51
and what's happening to the forest.
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์ˆฒ์†์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ๋„ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ–ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
16:52
So I got a bit of money together and went out to visit six range countries.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ˆ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ชจ์€ ๋’ค 6๊ฐœ๊ตญ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
16:58
And learned a lot about the problems faced by chimps, you know,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์ด ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
์•ผ์ƒ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฐ ์ฑ„๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
17:02
hunting for bushmeat and the live animal trade
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17:04
and caught in snares
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๋ซ์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
17:06
and human populations growing and needing more land
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
๋†์ž‘๋ฌผ, ๊ฐ€์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งˆ์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋” ๋„“์€ ๋•…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
17:10
for their crops and their cattle and their villages.
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17:14
But I was also learning about the plight faced by so many people.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ๋„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ณค๊ฒฝ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
17:19
The absolute poverty, the lack of health and education,
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์ ˆ๋Œ€์  ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ณผ ์˜๋ฃŒ์™€ ๊ต์œก์˜ ๋ถ€์žฌ
17:23
the degradation of the land.
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ํ† ์ง€์˜ ์•…ํ™”์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
17:25
And it came to a head when I flew over the tiny Gombe National Park.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž‘์€ ๊ณฐ๋ฒ  ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๊ณต์›์— ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ ์ •์ ์„ ์ฐ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:30
It had been part of this equatorial forest belt right across Africa
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ ๋„ ์‚ฐ๋ฆผ์ง€๋Œ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
์„œ๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
17:34
to the west coast,
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17:36
and in 1990,
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1990๋…„์—๋Š”
17:37
it was just this little island of forest, just tiny national park.
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์ž‘์€ ์ˆฒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ทธ๋งˆํ•œ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๊ณต์›์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
17:41
All around, the hills were bare.
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์–ธ๋•์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ชฉ์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
17:43
And that's when it hit me.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์ฃ .
17:44
If we don't do something
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์ด๊ณณ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด
17:46
to help the people find ways of living
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
17:48
without destroying their environment,
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์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ๋” ๋•์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
17:51
we can't even try to save the chimps.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์„ ์‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
17:54
So the Jane Goodall Institute began this program "Take Care,"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ์ธ ๊ตฌ๋‹ฌ ํ•™๊ต๋Š” Take Care ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
17:58
we call it "TACARE."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "ํƒ€์นด๋ฆฌ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์š”.
18:00
And it's our method of community-based conservation,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์ฒด๊ณ„์—์š”.
18:04
totally holistic.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ „์ฒด๋ก ์ ์ธ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์ฃ .
18:06
And we've now put the tools of conservation
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์ด์ œ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
18:09
into the hand of the villagers,
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์ง€์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์†์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:11
because most Tanzanian wild chimps are not in protected areas,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํƒ„์ž๋‹ˆ์•„ ์•ผ์ƒ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์„œ์‹ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
18:16
they're just in the village forest reserves.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋งˆ์„์˜ ์ˆฒ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
18:19
And so, they now go and measure the health of their forest.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด์ œ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์ˆฒ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
18:24
They've understood now
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๊ทธ๋“ค๋„ ์ˆฒ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
18:26
that protecting the forest isn't just for wildlife,
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์•ผ์ƒ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
18:30
it's their own future.
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18:31
That they need the forest.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ˆฒ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
18:34
And they're very proud.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
18:35
The volunteers go to workshops,
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์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์›Œํฌ์ˆ์— ๊ฐ€์„œ
18:37
they learn how to use smartphones,
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ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
18:39
they learn how to upload into platform and the cloud.
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ํ”Œ๋žซํผ๊ณผ ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ์— ์—…๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์š”.
18:44
And so it's all transparent.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์šด์˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:47
And the trees have come back,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ž๋ผ๋‚ฌ๊ณ 
18:49
there's no bare hills anymore.
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ํ…… ๋นˆ ์–ธ๋•์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
18:51
They agreed to make a buffer zone around Gombe,
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๊ณฐ๋น„ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๊ณต์› ์ฃผ์œ„์— ์™„์ถฉ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ 
18:56
so the chimps have more forest than they did in 1990.
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์€ 1990๋…„ ๋‹น์‹œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋„“์€ ์ˆฒ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
18:59
They're opening up corridors of forest
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์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ์ˆฒ์„ ๋‚จ๋ถ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ํ†ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ
19:01
to link the scattered chimp groups so that you don't get too much inbreeding.
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ํฉ์–ด์ ธ ์‚ด๋˜ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด ๊ทผ์นœ ๊ต๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
19:07
So yes, it's worked, and it's in six other countries now.
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 6๊ฐœ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋„ ์‹œํ–‰ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:10
Same thing.
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ์š”.
19:11
CA: I mean, you've been this extraordinary tireless voice, all around the world,
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CA: ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์‹œ๋ฉด์„œ
19:17
just traveling so much,
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๋†€๋ผ์šธ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด
19:19
speaking everywhere, inspiring people everywhere.
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๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ์‹œ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
19:22
How on earth do you find the energy,
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๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ๊ทธ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ์–ด๋””์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
19:27
you know, the fire to do that,
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๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
19:29
because that is exhausting to do,
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์•„์ฃผ ํž˜๋“  ์ผ์ด์ž–์•„์š”.
19:32
every meeting with lots of people,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„
19:35
it is just physically exhausting,
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์ฒด๋ ฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•œ ์ผ์ž„์—๋„
19:37
and yet, here you are, still doing it.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”.
19:40
How are you doing this, Jane?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
19:43
JG: Well, I suppose, you know, I'm obstinate, I don't like giving up,
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JG: ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—, ์ €๋Š” ๊ณ ์ง‘์ด ์„ธ๊ณ  ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜์ฃ .
19:48
but I'm not going to let these CEOs of big companies
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ํฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์ˆฒ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๋„๋ก
19:53
who are destroying the forests,
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๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ ค ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:55
or the politicians who are unraveling all the protections that were put in place
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ „ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๋“ค์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋†“์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์„ ํ•ด์ œํ•ด์„œ
20:01
by previous presidents,
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์—‰๋ง์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค๋„์š”.
20:03
and you know who I'm talking about.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ ์–˜๊ธฐ์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
20:06
And you know, I'll go on fighting,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ์‹ธ์šธ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:08
I care about, I'm passionate about the wildlife.
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์ €๋Š” ์•ผ์ƒ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.
20:12
I'm passionate about the natural world.
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์ž์—ฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์š”.
20:15
I love forests, it hurts me to see them damaged.
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์ €๋Š” ์ˆฒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ›ผ์†๋œ ์ˆฒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ์•„ํŒŒ์š”.
20:19
And I care passionately about children.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ๊ต์œก์—๋„ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:22
And we're stealing their future.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋นผ์•—๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
20:24
And I'm not going to give up.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:26
So I guess I'm blessed with good genes, that's a gift,
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์ €๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์„ ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
20:31
and the other gift, which I discovered I had,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฌ๋Šฅ์€
20:34
was communication,
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์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:36
whether it's writing or speaking.
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๊ธ€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ง๋กœ๋„ ํ†ตํ•˜์ฃ .
20:38
And so, you know,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ,
20:41
if going around like this wasn't working,
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๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ ์“ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด์ฃ .
20:43
but every time I do a lecture,
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๊ฐ•์—ฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
20:47
people come up and say,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์™€์„œ ๋งํ•ด์š”.
20:48
"Well, I had given up, but you've inspired me,
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"ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์„œ
20:50
I promise to do my bit."
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์ €๋„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”."
20:53
And we have our youth program "Roots and Shoots" now in 65 countries
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  65๊ฐœ๊ตญ์— ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์žฌ๋‹จ์ธ "๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ƒˆ์‹น"์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
20:58
and growing fast,
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๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
20:59
all ages,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ น์ธต์—์„œ์š”.
21:00
all choosing projects to help people, animals, the environment,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—
21:04
rolling up their sleeves and taking action.
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์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ๋™ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:06
And you know, they look at you with shining eyes,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ
21:09
wanting to tell Dr. Jane what they've been doing
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์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋” ์ข‹์€ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋ ค๊ณ 
์–ด๋–ค๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ฃ .
21:12
to make the world a better place.
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21:14
How can I let them down?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
21:15
CA: I mean, as you look at the planet's future,
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CA: ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์…จ์„ ๋•Œ
21:19
what worries you most, actually,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฑฑ์ •๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์ฃ ?
21:20
what scares you most about where we're at?
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์—ผ๋ คํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
21:25
JG: Well, the fact that we have a small window of time, I believe,
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JG: ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ํ›ผ์†๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์žก๊ณ 
21:31
when we can at least start healing some of the harm
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถ”๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
21:34
and slowing down climate change.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ด‰๋ฐ•ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ด์š”.
21:37
But it is closing,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๊ณ„์† ํ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
21:39
and we've seen what happens with the lockdown around the world
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ
21:44
because of COVID-19:
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์™ธ์ถœ ์ œ์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œํ–‰๋œ ํ›„
21:47
clear skies over cities,
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๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
21:49
some people breathing clean air that they've never breathed before
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌํƒœ๊ป ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์…จ๊ณ 
21:53
and looking up at the shining skies at night,
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๋ฐค์—๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์ง์ด๋Š” ํ•˜๋Š˜๋„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
21:56
which they've never seen properly before.
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๊ทธ์ „์—๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
21:58
And you know,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
22:01
so what worries me most
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
22:04
is how to get enough people,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ชจ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:07
people understand, but they're not taking action,
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹ค์ฒœ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„
22:09
how to get enough people to take action?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
22:12
CA: National Geographic just launched this extraordinary film about you,
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CA: ๋‚ด์…”๋„ ์ง€์˜ค๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์—์„œ 60๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ด์–ด์˜จ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์—…์ ์„
22:18
highlighting your work over six decades.
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์˜ํ™”๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
22:21
It's titled "Jane Goodall: The Hope."
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์ œ๋ชฉ์€ "์ œ์ธ ๊ตฌ๋‹ฌ: ํฌ๋ง"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:26
So what is the hope, Jane?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํฌ๋ง์ผ๊นŒ์š”, ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜?
22:28
JG: Well, the hope,
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JG: ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ํฌ๋ง์€,
22:29
my greatest hope is all these young people.
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์ œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ํฌ๋ง์€ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์—์š”.
22:31
I mean, in China, people will come up and say,
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์ค‘๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์™€์„œ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:34
"Well, of course I care about the environment,
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"๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ €๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
22:36
I was in 'Roots and Shoots' in primary school."
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์ดˆ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ ๋•Œ '๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ƒˆ์‹น' ์žฌ๋‹จ์—์„œ ํ™œ๋™ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”."
22:38
And you know, we have "Roots and Shoots" just hanging on to the values
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์ด ์žฌ๋‹จ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€์„ ๊ณ ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
22:41
and they're so enthusiastic once they know the problems
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ์•„์ฃผ ์—ด์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ฃ .
22:46
and they're empowered to take action,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
22:48
they are clearing the streams, removing invasive species humanely.
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๊ฐœ์ฒœ์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์™ธ๋ž˜์ข…์„ ์ธ๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ด์š”.
22:53
And they have so many ideas.
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๋งŽ์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
22:55
And then there's, you know, this extraordinary intellect of ours.
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๋˜ ๊ทธ์ค‘์—๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
23:00
We're beginning to use it to come up with technology
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐํ™”๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๋งŒํ•œ
23:04
that really will help us to live in greater harmony,
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๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:07
and in our individual lives,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์‚ถ์—์„œ
23:09
let's think about the consequences of what we do each day.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
23:13
What do we buy, where did it come from,
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์™”๊ณ 
23:15
how was it made?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ์š”.
23:16
Did it harm the environment, was it cruel to animals?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ํ•ด์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”์ง€? ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€์•Š๋Š”์ง€?
23:19
Is it cheap because of child slave labor?
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๊ฐ’์ด ์‹ผ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ๋…ธ๋™ ํ•™๋Œ€ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€?
23:22
Make ethical choices.
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์œค๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:24
Which you can't do if you're living in poverty, by the way.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
23:27
And then finally, this indomitable spirit
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฟ‹๊ฟ‹ํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์œผ๋กœ
23:30
of people who tackle what seems impossible
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•ด๋‚ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
23:32
and won't give up.
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ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:35
You can't give up when you have those ...
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ •์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค ํ•˜์ฃ .
23:38
But you know, there are things that I can't fight.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ธ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:41
I can't fight corruption.
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๋ถ€ํŒจ์— ๋งž์„ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ 
23:44
I can't fight military regimes and dictators.
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๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์ •๊ถŒ๊ณผ ๋…์žฌ์— ๋งž์„ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์–ด์š”.
23:50
So I can only do what I can do,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ ํ•ด์š”.
23:52
and if we all do the bits that we can do,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ทธ๋งŒ ์ผ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
23:55
surely that makes a whole that eventually will win out.
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:59
CA: So, last question, Jane.
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CA: ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”, ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜.
24:01
If there was one idea, one thought,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹จ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด, ์‚ฌ์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ์”จ์•—์„
24:03
one seed you could plant in the minds of everyone watching this,
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์‹ฌ์–ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
24:08
what would that be?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
24:10
JG: You know, just remember that every day you live,
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JG: ๋งค์ผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ
24:14
you make an impact on the planet.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:16
You can't help making an impact.
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์–ด์ฉ” ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
24:19
And at least, unless you're living in extreme poverty,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ •๋ง ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด
24:22
you have a choice as to what sort of impact you make.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„์ง€๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:25
Even in poverty you have a choice,
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
24:27
but when we are more affluent, we have a greater choice.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ข€ ๋” ํ’์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
24:31
And if we all make ethical choices,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์œค๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
24:34
then we start moving towards a world
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ํ›„์†๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š”
24:37
that will be not quite so desperate to leave to our great-grandchildren.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:42
That's, I think, something for everybody.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:47
Because a lot of people understand what's happening,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐ์„ฑ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
24:50
but they feel helpless and hopeless, and what can they do,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์ฉ” ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ด๊ณ  ํฌ๋ง์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
24:53
so they do nothing and they become apathetic.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ฌด๊ด€์‹ฌํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:56
And that is a huge danger, apathy.
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๋ฌด๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ์ •๋ง ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ผ์ด์—์š”.
24:59
CA: Dr. Jane Goodall, wow.
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CA: ์ œ์ธ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜,
25:01
I really want to thank you for your extraordinary life,
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๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์‚ถ์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.
25:05
for all that you've done
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๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜์˜ ์—…์ ์—๋„์š”.
25:08
and for spending this time with us now.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:09
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:11
JG: Thank you.
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JG: ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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