The design genius of Charles + Ray Eames

364,081 views ใƒป 2009-07-06

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Oren Szekatch ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
Charles and Ray were a team. They were husband and wife.
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ืฆื'ืจืœืก ื•ืจื™ื™ ื”ื™ื• ืฆื•ื•ืช. ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœ ื•ืื™ืฉื”.
00:15
Despite the New York Times' and Vanity Fair's best efforts recently,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ื”ื ืžืจืฆื™ื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก ื•ื”ื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ ืคื™ื™ืจ
00:18
they're not brothers. (Laughter)
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ื”ื ืœื ืื—ื™ื.
00:20
And they were a lot of fun.
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื›ื™ืคื™ื™ื.
00:22
You know, Ray was the one who wore the ampersands in the family.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืจื™ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื–ื• ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ืืช ื”ืืžืคืจืกื ื“ ( ื”ืกื™ืžืŸ &) ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
00:24
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:27
We are going to focus on Charles today, because it is Charles' 100th birthday.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืชืžืงื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ืฆ'ืืจืœืก. ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื–ื”ื• ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื”ืžืื” ืฉืœื•.
00:30
But when I speak of him, I'm really speaking of both of them as a team.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•, ืื ื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื›ืฆื•ื•ืช.
00:33
Here's Charles when he was three. So he would be 100 this June.
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ื”ื ื” ืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ. ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืŸ 100 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ื”.
00:36
We have a lot of cool celebrations that we're going to do.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
00:38
The thing about their work
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื
00:40
is that most people come to the door of furniture --
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืฉืขืจื™ ื”ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜
00:42
I suspect you probably recognize this chair
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ืื ื™ ืžืฉืขืจ ืฉืืชื ื›ื ืจืื” ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ื”ื–ื”
00:44
and some of the others I'm going to show you.
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ื•ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
00:46
But we're going to first enter through the door of the Big Top.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ื“ืจืš ื”ื“ืœืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื”ืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
01:09
The whole thing about this, though, is that, you know, why am I showing it?
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ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื–ื”, ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื”ื•ื, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืจืื” ืœื›ื ืืช ื–ื”?
01:11
Is it because Charles and Ray made this film?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื•ืจื™ื™ ืขืฉื• ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”?
01:13
This is actually a training film for a clown college that they had.
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ื–ื”ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื›ืœืœืช ืœื™ืฆื ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื.
01:17
They also practiced a clown act when the future of furniture
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื’ื ืžื•ืคืข ืœื™ืฆื ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜
01:20
was not nearly as auspicious as it turned out to be.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ืฉื ืฉืงืจื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ.
01:23
There is a picture of Charles. So let's watch the next clip.
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ื”ื ื” ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืฆ'ืืจืœืก. ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื.
01:27
The film that we're about to see is a film they made for the Moscow World's Fair.
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ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืขืฉื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืจื™ื“ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืžื•ืกืงื‘ื”.
01:31
Video: This is the land.
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ื•ื™ื“ืื•: ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืื“ืžื”.
01:33
It has many contrasts.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื.
01:35
It is rough and it is flat.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืกืคืกืช ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉื˜ื•ื—ื”
01:39
In places it is cold.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื ืงืจื”.
01:41
In some it is hot.
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ื‘ืื—ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื—ืžื”.
01:58
Too much rain falls on some areas,
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื’ืฉื ื™ื•ืจื“ ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื.
02:01
and not enough on others.
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ื•ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื™ื•ืจื“ ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื.
02:05
But people live on this land.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื“ืžื” ื”ื–ื•.
02:08
And, as in Russia,
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ื•ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจื•ืกื™ื”,
02:10
they are drawn together into towns and cities.
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ื”ื ืžืชืงื‘ืฆื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืขืจื™ื.
02:14
Here is something of the way they live.
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ื”ื ื” ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ืžืจืื” ืืช ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื.
02:18
Eames Demetrios: Now, this is a film that was hardly ever seen in the United States.
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ืื™ื™ืžืก ื“ืžื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ืก: ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื–ื”ื• ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื ืจืื” ืื™-ืคืขื ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.
02:20
It was on seven screens and it was 200 feet across.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžืกื›ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ื›-60 ืžื˜ืจ.
02:24
And it was at the height of the Cold War.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืงืจื”.
02:26
The Nixon-Khrushchev Kitchen Debate
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ื•ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื˜ื‘ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืงืกื•ืŸ ืœื—ืจื•ืฉืฆ'ื•ื‘
02:28
happened about 50 feet from where this was shown.
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ื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ื›-15 ืžื˜ืจ ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ืฆื’.
02:30
And yet, how did it start?
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ื•ืขื ื–ืืช, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ?
02:32
You know, commonality, the first line
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืื—ื™ื“ื”, ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
02:34
in Charles' narration was,
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ื‘ืงืจื™ืืชื• ืฉืœ ืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื”ื™ื”,
02:36
"The same stars that shine down on Russia
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"ืื•ืชื ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื”ื–ื•ืจื—ื™ื ืขืœ ืจื•ืกื™ื”
02:38
shine down on the United States. From the sky,
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ื–ื•ืจื—ื™ื ืขืœ ืืจื”"ื‘. ืžื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื,
02:40
our cities look much the same."
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ื”ืขืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื ืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ."
02:42
It was that human connection that Charles and Ray always found in everything.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืฉืฆื'ืจืœืก ื•ืจื™ื™ ืžืฆืื• ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ.
02:45
And you can imagine, and the thing about it is,
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื,
02:47
that they believed that the human mind could handle this number of images
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ืฉื”ื ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืžืกืคืจ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช
02:50
because the important thing was to get the gestalt
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ (ื”ื’ืฉื˜ืœื˜)
02:52
of what the images were about.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื™ื•.
02:54
So that was just a little snip.
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ืื– ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจืง ื”ืฆืฆื” ืงืฆืจื”.
02:56
But the thing about Charles and Ray
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ ืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื•ืจื™ื™
02:58
is that they were always modeling stuff.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื“ื™ื’ืžื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
03:00
They were always trying things out.
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ื”ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื“ืงื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
03:02
I think one of the things I am passionate about, my grandparents work,
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ื ืœื”ื‘ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ื : ืื ื™ ื ืœื”ื‘ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ืฉืœ ืกื‘ื™ื™.
03:04
I'm passionate about my work,
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ืื ื™ ื ืœื”ื‘ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื™.
03:06
but on top of all that I'm passionate
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืขืœ ืœื›ืœ ื–ื” ืื ื™ ื ืœื”ื‘
03:09
about a holistic vision of design,
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ ื”ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืœื™ืกื™ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘,
03:11
where design is a life skill, not a professional skill.
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœื ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช.
03:14
And you know, those of us with kids often want our kids to take music.
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืืœื• ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืขื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืชื›ื•ืคื•ืช ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ืœืžื“ื• ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”.
03:17
I'm no exception.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ.
03:19
But it's not about them becoming Bono or Tracy Chapman.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื ื™ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•ื ื• ืื• ื˜ืจื™ื™ืกื™ ืฆ'ืืคืžืŸ.
03:22
It's about getting that music thing going through their heads and their thinking.
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ื–ื” ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืžื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ืชื—ื“ื•ืจ ืœืจืืฉื ื•ืœื“ืจืš ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื.
03:25
Design is the same way. Design has to become that same way.
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ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ. ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื”ืคืš ืœืื•ืชื• ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ.
03:28
And this is a model that they did of that seven-screen presentation.
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžื•ื“ืœ ืฉื”ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืขืช ื”ืžืกื›ื™ื.
03:30
And Charles just checking it out there.
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ื•ืฆ'ืืจืœืก ืจืง ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืืช ื–ื” ืฉื.
03:33
So now we're going to go through that door of furniture.
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ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ืื•ืชื ืฉืขืจื™ ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜.
03:35
This is an unusual installation of airport seating.
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืงื ื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื ืžืœ ืชืขื•ืคื”.
03:37
So what we're going to see is some of the icons of Eames furniture.
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื”ื ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืื™ื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื™ื™ืžืก ืจื”ื™ื˜ื™ื.
03:41
And the thing about their furniture is that they said the role of the designer
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ ื”ืจื”ื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื ืืžืจื• ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืฆื‘
03:44
was essentially that of a good host,
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ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืกื• ื›ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืžืืจื— ื˜ื•ื‘,
03:46
anticipating the needs of the guest.
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ื”ืฆื•ืคื” ืืช ืฆืจื›ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืจื—.
03:48
So those are cool images. But these are ones I think are really cool.
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ืื– ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ืชืžื•ื ืช ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืืœื• ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื”ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ื•ืช.
03:50
These are all the prototypes. These are the mistakes,
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ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื”ื ื”ืื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ื. ืืœื• ื”ื ื”ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช.
03:53
although I don't think mistakes is the right word in design.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช, ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžื™ืœื” ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘.
03:55
It's just the things you try out
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ืืœื• ืจืง ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื” ืžื ืกื”
03:57
to kind of make it work better.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ.
03:59
And you know some of them would probably be terrible chairs.
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ื•ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื›ืžื” ืžื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื ื•ืจืื™ื™ื.
04:02
Some of them are kind of cool looking. It's like "Hey, why didn't they try that?"
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ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื ื ืจืื™ื ืžื’ื ื™ื‘. ื–ื” ื›ืžื• "ื”ื™ื™, ืœืžื” ื”ื ืœื ื ื™ืกื• ืืช ื–ื”?"
04:05
It was that hands-on iterative process
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžืฉืš ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ืกื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื•ื ืฉื ื™ืช
04:07
which is so much like vernacular design
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ืฉื–ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื›ืžื• ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื•ืจื ืงื•ืœืจื™
04:10
and folk design in traditional cultures.
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ื•ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืขืžืžื™ ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช.
04:13
And I think that's one of the commonalities between modernism
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘
04:15
and traditional design. I think it may be a real common ground
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ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ื•ืžืกื•ืจืชื™. ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืืžื™ืชื™
04:18
as we kind of figure out what on earth to do in the next 20 or 30 years.
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื ืกื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื ืขืฉื” ื‘-20 ืื• 30 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช.
04:21
The other thing that's kind of cool is that
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื™ ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ ื”ื•ื
04:23
you look at this and in the media when people say design,
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ืฉืืชื” ืžืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื•ื‘ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘,
04:26
they actually mean style.
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ื”ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ.
04:28
And I'm really here to talk about design.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘.
04:30
But you know the object is just a pivot.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืฆื™ืจ.
04:32
It's a pivot between a process and a system.
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ืฆื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช.
04:35
And this is a little film I made
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™
04:39
about the making of the Eames lounge chair.
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ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื›ื™ืกื ื”ื˜ืจืงืœื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื™ื™ืžืก
04:41
The design process for Charles and Ray
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ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื•ืจื™ื™
04:45
never ended in manufacturing.
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ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ.
04:50
It continued. They were always trying to make thing better and better.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš. ื”ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื ื™ืกื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:52
Because it's like as Bill Clinton was saying about Rwandan health clinics.
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ื‘ื™ืœ ืงืœื™ื ื˜ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืื ื“ื”.
04:57
It's not enough to create one.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื—ืช.
04:59
You've got to create a system that will work better and better.
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืชืขื‘ื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ.
05:01
So I've always liked this prototype picture.
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ืื ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ื”ื–ื”.
05:03
Because it just kind of, you know, doesn't get any more basic than that.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืžื–ื”.
05:05
You try things out.
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ืืชื” ืžื ืกื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
05:07
This is a relatively famous chair.
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ื–ื”ื• ื›ื™ืกื ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื™ื—ืกื™ืช.
05:09
Its early version had an "X" base. That's what the collectors like.
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ืœื’ื™ืจืกื” ื”ืžืงื•ื“ืžืช ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื™ืก ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช "X". ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื”ื‘ื• ื”ืืกืคื ื™ื.
05:12
Charles and Ray liked this one because it was better.
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ืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื•ืจื™ื™ ืื”ื‘ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
05:14
It worked better: "H" base, much more practical.
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ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”-"H" ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉื™.
05:17
This is something called a splint.
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื”ื ืงืจื ืกื“.
05:19
And I was very touched by Dean Kamen's
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ื•ื”ืชืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื•
05:21
work for the military, or for the soldiers,
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ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ืงืืžื ืก ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื‘ื, ืื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื.
05:25
because Charles and Ray designed a molded plywood splint. This is it.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื•ืจื™ื™ ืขื™ืฆื‘ื• ืกื“ ืžืขืฅ ืœื‘ื•ื“ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ . ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืกื“.
05:29
And they'd been working on furniture before.
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ื•ื”ื ืขื‘ื“ื• ืขืœ ืจื”ื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
05:31
But doing these splints they learned a lot about the manufacturing process,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื ืœืžื“ื• ืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ,
05:34
which was incredibly important to them.
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื”ื•ืชื™.
05:47
I'm trying to show you too much,
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ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™.
05:49
because I want you to really get a broth of ideas and images.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช.
05:51
This is a house that Charles and Ray designed.
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื•ืจื™ื™ ืขื™ืฆื‘ื•.
05:53
My sister is chasing someone else. It's not me.
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ืื—ื•ืชื™ ืจื•ื“ืคืช ืื—ืจื™ื™ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ. ื–ื” ืœื ืื ื™.
05:56
Although I endorse heartily the fact that he stole her diary, it's not me.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื™ื‘ื™ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื ื‘ ืœื” ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืžืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืื ื™.
06:00
And then this is a film, on the lower left, that Charles and Ray made.
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ื•ื”ืกืจื˜ ื”ื–ื”, ื‘ืžืกืš ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ืžืฉืžืืœ, ืฉืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื•ืจื™ื™ ืขืฉื•.
06:04
Now look at that plastic chair.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื‘ื›ื™ืกื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง.
06:07
The house is 1949.
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ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื ืช 1949.
06:09
The chair is done in 1949.
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ื”ื›ื™ืกื ื ืขืฉื” ื‘- 1949.
06:12
Charles and Ray,
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ืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื•ืจื™ื™,
06:16
they didn't obsess about style for it's own sake.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืื•ื‘ืกืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืœืฉื ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘.
06:18
They didn't say, "Our style is curves. Let's make the house curvy."
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ื”ื ืœื ืืžืจื•, " ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ืงื™ืžื•ืจื™ื. ื‘ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื•ืžืจ."
06:21
They didn't say, "Our style is grids. Let's make the chair griddy."
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ื”ื ืœื ืืžืจื• "ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืชื™. ื‘ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ื›ื™ืกื ืžืจื•ืฉืช."
06:24
They focused on the need.
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ื”ื ื”ืชืžืงื“ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš.
06:26
They tried to solve the design problem.
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ื”ื ื ื™ืกื• ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช.
06:28
Charles used to say, "The extent to which you have a design style
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ืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื ื”ื’ ืœื•ืžืจ, " ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™
06:31
is the extent to which you have not solved the design problem."
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ื”ื™ื ืจืžืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ื” ืœื ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ืช."
06:33
It's kind of a brutal quote.
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ื–ื” ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื›ื–ืจื™.
06:35
This is the earlier design of that house.
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช.
06:37
And again, they managed to figure out a way to make a prototype
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ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก
06:39
of a house -- architecture, very expensive medium.
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ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช. ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื”, ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื™ืงืจ.
06:42
Here's a film we've been hearing things about.
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ื”ื ื” ืกืจื˜ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉืžืขื ื• ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
06:45
The "Powers of Ten" is a film they made.
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ื”ืกืจื˜ "ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช 10" ืฉื”ื ืขืฉื•.
06:48
If we watch the next clip,
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ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื,
06:50
you're going to see the first version of "Powers of Ten," upper left.
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ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ "ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช 10", ื‘ืคื™ื ื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”.
06:54
The familiar one on the lower right.
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ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื” ื”ืžื•ื›ืจืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ืคื™ื ื” ื”ื™ืžื ื™ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื”.
06:58
The Eames' film Tops, lower left.
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ื”ืื™ื™ืžืก ืžืฆืœืžื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ืคื™ื ื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื”.
07:01
And a lamp that Charles designed for a church.
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ื•ืžื ื•ืจื” ืฉืฆ'ืืจืœืก ืขื™ืฆื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื ืกื™ื™ื”.
07:04
Video: Which in turn belongs to a local group of galaxies.
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ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•: ืืฉืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื’ืœืงืกื™ื•ืช.
07:07
These form part of a grouping system
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ื”ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืžืขืจื›ืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆืชื™ืช
07:09
much as the stars do.
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ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
07:12
They are so many and so varied that from this distance
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ื”ื ื›ื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ื” ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืขื“ ื›ื™ ืžืžืจื—ืง ื–ื”
07:14
they appear like the stars from Earth.
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ื”ื ื ื“ืžื™ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืžื›ื“ื•ืจ-ื”ืืจืฅ.
07:18
ED: You've seen that film, and what's so great about this
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ืื™ื™ืžืก ื“ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื•ืก: ืืชื ืจืื™ืชื ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืžื” ืฉื ืคืœื ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™
07:21
whole conference is that everybody has been talking about scale.
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ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื™ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคื” ืขืœ ืงื ื”-ืžื™ื“ื”.
07:23
Everybody here is coming at it from a different way.
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ื›ื•ืœื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื–ื” ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”.
07:25
I want to give you one example.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืช ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืื—ืช.
07:27
E.O. Wilson once told me that when he looked at ants --
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ื.ื. ื•ื•ื™ืœืกื•ืŸ ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืคืขื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื ืžืœื™ื --
07:29
he loved them, of course, and he wanted to learn more about them --
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ื”ื•ื ืื”ื‘ ืื•ืชื, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœื“ืขืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ --
07:32
he consciously looked at them from the standpoint of scale.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื“ืข ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ื‘ืงื ื”-ืžื™ื“ื”.
07:34
So here is the tiny creature.
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ืื– ื”ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงื˜ื ื˜ืŸ.
07:36
And yet simply by changing the frame of reference
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ื•ืื™ืœื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜
07:38
it reveals so much, including what ended up being the TED Prize.
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ืื ื• ืžื’ืœื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืคืจืก TED.
07:41
Modeling, they tried modeling all the time. They were always modeling things.
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ื“ื’ืžื™ื, ื”ื ื ื™ืกื• ื“ื’ืžื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ื”ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื ื™ืกื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื’ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
07:45
And I think part of that is that they never delegated understanding.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื–ื” ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ืืฆื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื ื”.
07:48
And I think in our family we were very lucky,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืจื™ ืžื–ืœ.
07:51
because we learned about design backwards.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืžื“ื ื• ืขืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืคื•ื›ื”.
07:53
Design was not something other.
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ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื—ืจ.
07:55
It was part of the business of life in general.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ืžืฉื’ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช.
07:57
It was part of the quality of life.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ืžืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
07:59
And here is some family pictures.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ื•ืช.
08:02
And you can see why I'm down on style, with a haircut like that.
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืœืžื” ืื ื™ ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘, ืขื ืชืกืคื•ืจืช ืฉื›ื–ื•.
08:04
But anyway, (Laughter)
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:06
I remember the cut grapefruit that we would have at the Eames house when I was a kid.
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ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืืช ื”ืืฉื›ื•ืœื™ืช ื”ื—ืชื•ื›ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืื™ื™ืžืก ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“.
08:09
So we're going to watch another film.
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืกืจื˜ ื ื•ืกืฃ.
08:11
This is a film, the one called Toys.
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ืœืกืจื˜ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื ืงืจืื• ืฆืขืฆื•ืขื™ื.
08:14
You can see me, I have the same haircut, in the upper right corner.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื™, ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืืช ืื•ืชื” ื”ืชืกืคื•ืจืช, ื‘ืคื™ื ื” ื”ื™ืžื ื™ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”.
08:18
Upper left is a film they did on toy trains.
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ื‘ืคื™ื ื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื™ืฉื ื• ืกืจื˜ ืฉื”ื ืขืฉื• ืขืœ ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฆืขืฆื•ืข.
08:22
Lower right is a solar do-nothing toy.
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ื‘ืคื™ื ื” ื”ื™ืžื ื™ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืฆืขืฆื•ืข ืกื•ืœืจื™ ืฉืœื ืขื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ.
08:25
Lower left is Day-of-the-Dead toys.
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ื‘ืคื™ื ื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืืช ืฆืขืฆื•ืขื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ืžืชื™ื.
08:37
Charles used to say that toys are not as innocent as they appear.
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ืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื ื”ื’ ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืฆืขืฆื•ืขื™ื ืื™ื ื ืชืžื™ืžื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื ื ืจืื™ื.
08:40
They are often the precursor to bigger things.
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ื”ื ืœืจื•ื‘ ืžื‘ืฉืจื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืื•.
08:44
And these ideas -- that train up there, being about the honest use of materials,
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ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• -- ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื• ืœืžืขืœื”, ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื” ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื,
08:47
is totally the same
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ
08:49
as the honest use of materials in the plywood.
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ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืขืฅ ืœื‘ื•ื“.
08:56
And now I'm going to test you.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืชื›ื.
08:57
This is a letter that my grandfather sent to my mom when she was five years old.
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ื–ื”ื• ืžื›ืชื‘ ืฉืกื‘ื™ ืฉืœื— ืœืื™ืžื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื.
09:01
So can you read it?
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืื•ืชื•?
09:03
Lucia angel,
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ืœื•ืกื™ื” ื™ืงื™ืจืชื™,
09:05
okay, eye.
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ืื•ืงื™, ืขื™ืŸ.
09:08
Audience: Saw many trains.
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ืงื”ืœ: ืจืื™ืชื™ ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช.
09:12
ED: Awl, also, good that the leather crafter's guild is here.
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ืื™ื™ืžืก ื“ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื•ืก: ืžืจืฆืข, ืžื–ืœ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืœื“ื” ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื™ ืขื•ืจื•ืช ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื›ืืŸ.
09:17
Also, what is he doing? Row, rowed.
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ื’ื, ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื”? ื—ืชืจ, ื—ืชืจื•.
09:22
Sun? No. Well is there another name for a sunrise?
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ืฉืžืฉ? ืœื. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืจืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ืจื™ื—ื”?
09:24
Dawn, very good.
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ืฉื—ืจ, ื™ืคื” ืžืื•ื“.
09:27
Also rode on one. I ...
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ื•ื’ื ืจื›ื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ืื—ื“. ืื ื™...
09:29
Audience: You had, I hope you had --
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ืงื”ืœ: ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ื™ื”, ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืš --
09:31
ED: Now you've been to the website Dogs of Saint Louis
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ืื™ื™ืžืก ื“ืžื˜ืจื™ื•ืก: ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืกื™ื™ื ื˜ ืœื•ืื™ืก
09:33
in the late, in the mid-1930's,
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ื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื,
09:35
then you'd know that was a Great Dane.
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ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื–ื”ื• ื“ื ื™ ืขื ืง.
09:37
So, I hope you had a
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ืื–, ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืš
09:39
Audience: Nice time, time --
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ืงื”ืœ: ื–ืžืŸ ื›ื™ืคื™, ื–ืžืŸ --
09:43
ED: Time at.
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ืื™ื™ืžืก ื“ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื•ืก: ื‘...
09:45
Citizen Kane, rose --
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ื”ืื–ืจื— ืงื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืจื“ --
09:47
Audience: Rosebud.
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ืงื”ืœ: ืจื•ื–ื‘ืื“(ืžื•ืฉื’ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืกืจื˜ "ื”ืื–ืจื— ืงื™ื™ืŸ").
09:49
ED: No, bud. "D"'s right. At Buddy's --
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ืœื ื‘ืื“. ื”"ื“" ื ื›ื•ื ื”. ืืฆืœ ื‘ืื“ื™'ืก --
09:52
Audience: Party. Love.
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ืงื”ืœ: ืžืกื™ื‘ื”. ืื”ื‘ื”.
09:54
ED: Okay, good.
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ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื™ืคื”.
09:56
So, "I saw many trains and also rode on one.
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ืื– " ืื ื™ ืจืื™ืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื’ื ืจื›ื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ืื—ืช.
09:58
I hope you had a nice time at Buddy's party."
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืš ื›ื™ืฃ ื‘ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืื“ื™."
10:00
So you guys did pretty good, cool.
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ืขืฉื™ืชื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื ืจืขื”, ืžื’ื ื™ื‘.
10:03
So my mom and Charles had this great relationship
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ืื– ืœืื™ืžื™ ื•ืœืฆ'ืืจืœืก ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื ืคืœืื”
10:05
where they'd send those sorts of things back and forth to one another.
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ื‘ื” ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™ ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื›ืืœื”.
10:08
And it's all part of the, you know,
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ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,
10:10
they used to say, "Take your pleasure seriously."
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ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื•ืžืจ, "ืงื— ืืช ื”ื”ื ืื” ืฉืœืš ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช."
10:12
These are some images from a project of mine
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ืืœื• ื›ืžื” ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืžืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืฉืœื™
10:15
that's called Kymaerica.
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ื”ื ืงืจื ืงื™ื™ืžืจื™ืงื”.
10:17
It's sort of an alternative universe.
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ื–ื”ื• ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื™ืงื•ื ื—ืœื•ืคื™.
10:19
It's kind of a reinterpretation of the landscape.
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ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ืฃ.
10:22
Those plaques are plaques we've been installing around North America.
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ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงื”.
10:24
We're about to do six in the U.K. next week.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืฉืฉ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื‘ื.
10:27
And they honor events in the linear world from the fictional world.
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ื•ื”ื ืžื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืœื™ื ื™ืืจื™ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™.
10:30
So, of course, since it's bronze it has to be true.
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ืื–, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืžื‘ืจื•ื ื–ื” ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™.
10:32
Video: Kymaerica with waterfalls,
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ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•: ืงื™ื™ืžืจื™ืงื” ืขื ืžืคืœื™ื,
10:37
tumbling through our --
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ื”ืจื•ืขืžื™ื ื“ืจืš --
10:39
ED: This is one of the traditional Kymaerican songs.
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ืื™ื™ืžืก ื“ื™ืžื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ืก: ื–ื”ื• ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืจื™ืงื™ื™ื.
10:41
And so we had spelling bees in Paris, Illinois.
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืชื—ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื™ื–, ืื™ืœื ื•ื™.
10:46
Video: Your word is N. Carolina.
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ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•: ื”ืžื™ืœื” ืฉืœืš ื”ื™ื ืฆ. ืงืจื•ืœื™ื ื”.
10:48
Girl: Y-I-N-D-I-A-N-A.
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ื‘ื—ื•ืจื”: ื•-ื™-ื -ื“-ื™-ื-ื -ื.
10:51
ED: And then Embassy Row is actually a historical site,
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ืื™ื™ืžืก ื“ื™ืžื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ืก: ื•ืฉื’ืจื™ืจื•ืช ืจื•ื• ื”ื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืืชืจ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™.
10:55
because in the Kymaerican story
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืจื™ืงื™ื™ื
10:57
this is where the Parisian Diaspora started, where there embassy was.
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ื›ืืŸ ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืคืจืกื™ืช, ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ืฉื’ืจื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื”.
11:00
So you can actually visit and have this three-dimensional
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ืื– ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืœื‘ืงืจ ื•ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ืกื•ืช
11:02
fictional experience there.
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ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืชืœืช ืžื™ืžื“.
11:04
And the town has really embraced it.
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ื•ื”ืขื™ื™ืจื” ืžืžืฉ ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ.
11:06
We had the spelling bee in conjunction with the Gwomeus Club.
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืืช ืชื—ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื’ื•ื•ืžืื ืก.
11:08
But what is really cool is that we take our visual environment
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ ื–ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•
11:11
as inevitable. And it's not.
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ื›ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืžื ืขืช. ื•ื”ื™ื ืœื.
11:14
Other things could have happened. The Japanese could have discovered Monterey.
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ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ืช. ื”ื™ืคื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ืžื•ื ื˜ื” ืจื™ื™.
11:17
And we could have been born 100,000 years ago.
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ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืœื“ ืœืคื ื™ 100,000 ืฉื ื”.
11:19
And there are a lot of fun things. This is the Museum of the Bench.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื›ืืœื”. ื–ื”ื• ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ื”ืกืคืกืœื™ื.
11:21
They have trading cards
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืงืœืคื™ ืืกืคื ื•ืช.
11:23
and all sorts of cool things.
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ื™ื.
11:25
And you're kind of trapped in the texture of Kymaerica.
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ื•ืืชื ื“ื™ ื ืœื›ื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืจืงื ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ื™ืžืจื™ืงื”.
11:29
The Tahatchabe, the great road building culture.
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ื”ืชืื”ืืฆ'ืืคื™, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืกื•ืœืœื™ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.
11:31
A guy named Nobu Naga,
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ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื ื•ื‘ื• ื ืื’ื,
11:33
the so-called Japanese Columbus.
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ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื•ืก ื”ื™ืคื ื™ ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ .
11:35
But now I'm going to return you to the real world.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืชื›ื ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™.
11:37
And this is Cranbrook. I've got a real treat for you,
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ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืงืจืื ื‘ืจื•ืง. ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืชืขื ื•ื’ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื.
11:40
which is the first film that Charles ever made.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืกืจื˜ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืฆ'ืืจืœืก ืขืฉื” ืื™-ืคืขื.
11:42
So let's watch that. Nobody's ever seen it.
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ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืจืื” ืื•ืชื•. ืืฃ-ืื—ื“ ืœื ืจืื” ืื•ืชื• ืžืขื•ืœื.
11:45
Cranbrook is very generous to let us show it for the first time here.
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ืงืจืื ื‘ืจื•ืง ืžืื•ื“ ื ื“ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื ื• ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืกืจื˜ ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืืŸ.
11:49
It's a film about Maya Gretel, a famous ceramicist, and a teacher at Cranbrook.
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ื”ืกืจื˜ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืžืื™ื” ื’ืจื˜ืœ, ืืžื ื™ืช ืงืจืžื™ืงื” ืžื•ื›ืจืช ื•ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืงืจืื ื‘ืจื•ืง.
11:53
And he made it for the 1939 faculty exhibition.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1939 ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืฆื•ื’ืช ืจืื•ื•ื” ืœืกื’ืœ.
11:57
Silent. We don't have a track for it yet.
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ืฉืงื˜. ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืฉืžืข ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืกืจื˜ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ.
12:03
Very simple. It's just a start. But it's that learn-by-doing thing.
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ืžืื•ื“ ืคืฉื•ื˜. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืจืง ื”ืชื—ืœื”. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื”ื• ืื•ืชื• ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืขืฉื™ื™ื” .
12:06
You want to learn how to make films? Go make a movie.
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ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืื™ืš ืกืจื˜ื™ื? ืœื›ื• ื•ืขืฉื• ืกืจื˜.
12:08
And you try something out.
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ื•ืืชื ืžื ืกื™ื ืžืฉื”ื•.
12:10
But here is what's really great.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื” ืžื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื ืคืœื.
12:12
See that chair there? The orange one? That's the organic chair. 1940.
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ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ืฉื? ื”ื›ืชื•ื? ื–ื”ื• ื”ื›ื™ืกื ื”ืื•ืจื’ื ื™. 1940.
12:16
At the same time that Charles was doing that chair,
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืฆ'ืืจืœืก ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ื”ื–ื”,
12:18
he was doing this film.
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ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜.
12:20
So my point is that this scope of vision, this holistic vision
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ืื– ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื ืฉื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ื–ื•, ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ื”ื•ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช
12:22
of design, was with them from the beginning.
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ืฉืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื™ืžื ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”.
12:24
It wasn't like "Oh, we made some chairs and got successful.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• " ืื•, ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื›ืžื” ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื•ื ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื™ื.
12:26
Now we're going to do some movies."
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื” ืกืจื˜ื™ื."
12:28
It was always part of how they looked at the world. And that's what's really powerful.
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ื–ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ืžืื™ืš ืฉื”ื ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื—ื–ืง.
12:31
And I think that all of us in this room, as you move design forward,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืชื ืžื ื™ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืงื“ื™ืžื”,
12:34
it's not about just doing one thing.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืชื•ืš ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“.
12:38
It's about how you approach problems. And there is this huge, beautiful commonality
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ื–ื” ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืืชื ื ื™ื’ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช. ื•ื™ืฉ ืื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื™ืคื”
12:41
between design, business and the world.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘, ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื.
12:44
So we're going to do the last clip.
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ.
12:46
And I've shown you some of the images. I just want to focus on sound now.
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ื•ื”ืจืื™ืชื™ ืœื›ื ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช. ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืขืœ ืฉืžืข.
12:48
So this is Charles' voice.
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ืื– ื–ื”ื• ืงื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ืฆ'ืืจืœืก.
12:50
Charles Eames: In India, those without, and the lowest in caste,
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ืฆ'ืืจืœืก ืื™ื™ืžืก: ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•, ืืœื• ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ื•ื”ืงืกื˜ื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
12:55
eat very often, particularly in southern India,
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ืื•ื›ืœื™ื, ืœืจื•ื‘, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ื”ื•ื“ื•,
12:57
they eat off of a banana leaf.
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ื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืขืœื” ื‘ื ื ื”.
13:00
And those a little bit up the scale
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ื•ืืœื• ื”ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ื“ืจื’ ืงืžืขื”
13:04
eat off of a sort of a low-fired ceramic dish.
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ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœื™ ืžืงืจืžื™ืงื” ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ืืฉ ื ืžื•ื›ื”.
13:08
And a little bit higher, why they have a glaze
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ื•ืžืขื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื–ื™ื’ื•ื’
13:11
on a thing they call a thali.
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ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื• ื”ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื˜ืืœื™.
13:14
If you're up the scale a little bit more,
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ื•ืื ืืชื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืขื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืจื•ื’,
13:16
why, a brass thali.
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ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ื˜ืืœื™ ืžื ื—ื•ืฉืช.
13:18
And then things get to be a little questionable.
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ื•ืื– ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื”ื™ื™ื ืžืขื˜ ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ ืชืžื™ื”ื”.
13:22
There are things like silver-plated thalis.
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ื™ืฉื ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ื˜ืืœื™ ืžืฆื•ืคื™ ื›ืกืฃ.
13:25
And there is solid silver thalis.
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ื•ื™ืฉื ื ื˜ืืœื™ ืžื›ืกืฃ ืฆืจื•ืฃ.
13:27
And I suppose some nut has had a
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืฉืขืจ ืœืขืฆืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉื ื• ืื™ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ื’ืข ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื•
13:30
gold thali that he's eaten off of.
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ื˜ืืœื™ ืžื–ื”ื‘ ืžืžื ื• ื”ื•ื ืื›ืœ.
13:32
But you can go beyond that.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš.
13:34
And the guys that have not only means,
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ื•ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ืจืง ืืช ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื,
13:39
but a certain amount of knowledge and understanding,
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ืืœื ื’ื ื›ืžื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื™ื“ืข ื•ื”ื‘ื ื”,
13:44
go to the next step, and they eat off a banana leaf.
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ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืฉืœื‘ ื”ื‘ื, ื•ื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืขืœื” ื‘ื ื ื”.
13:49
And I think that in these times
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ื›ืืœื”
13:53
when we fall back and regroup,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื›ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”,
13:55
that somehow or other,
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ืฉื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ื• ืื• ืื—ืจืช,
13:59
the banana leaf parable
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ืžืฉืœ ืขืœื” ื”ื‘ื ื ื”
14:01
sort of got to get working there,
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ืฆืจื™ืš ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื.
14:03
because I'm not prepared to say
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ
14:06
that the banana leaf that one eats off of
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ืฉืขืœื” ื”ื‘ื ื ื” ืžืžื ื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื•ื›ืœ
14:09
is the same as the other eats off of.
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ื”ื•ื ื–ื”ื” ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžืžื ื•.
14:14
But it is that process that has happened within the man
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื”ื• ืื•ืชื• ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื›ื™ ื”ืื“ื,
14:18
that changes the banana leaf.
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ืฉืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ืขืœื” ื”ื‘ื ื ื”.
14:21
ED: I've been looking forward to sharing that quote with you.
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ืื™ื™ืžืก ื“ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื•ืก: ืฆื™ืคื™ืชื™ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืชื›ื ื‘ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ื”ื–ื”.
14:23
Because that's part of where we've got to get to.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืืœื™ื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข.
14:25
And I also want to share this one.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื’ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืชื›ื ื‘ื–ื”.
14:27
"Beyond the age of information is the age of choices."
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"ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื ืžืฆื ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช."
14:30
And I really think that's where we are.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืฉื ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื.
14:32
And it's kind of cool for me to be part of a family
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ื•ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฉืคื—ื”
14:35
and a tradition where he was talking about that in 1978.
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ื•ืžืกื•ืจืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 1978.
14:38
And part of why this stuff is important
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ื•ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื
14:41
and all the things that we do are important,
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ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื,
14:43
is that these are the ideas we need.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืœื• ื”ื ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื.
14:45
And I think that this is all part of surrendering to the design journey.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื›ืœ ื–ื” ื—ืœืง ื”ืขื•ื˜ืฃ ืืช ืžืกืข ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘.
14:48
That's what we all need to do.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
14:50
Design is not just for designers anymore. It's a process. It's not style.
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ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืืš ืœืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•. ื–ื”ื• ืชื”ืœื™ืš. ื–ื”ื• ืœื ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ.
14:53
All that great thinking needs to really get about solving
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ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ืคืœืื” ื”ื–ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืคืชืจื•ื ื
14:56
pretty key problems.
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ืฉืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžืคืชื—.
14:58
I really thank you for your time.
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ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื ืขืœ ื–ืžื ื›ื.
15:00
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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