Paul Moller: Take a ride in the Skycar

79,170 views ใƒป 2009-01-12

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shaike Katz ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:13
Many of you could ask the question, you know,
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื”,
00:15
why is a flying car, or maybe more accurately,
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ืœืžื” ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืขื•ืคืคืช, ืื• ืœื™ืชืจ ื“ื™ื•ืง
00:18
a roadable aircraft, possible at this time?
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ื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก ืขื ืžื ื•ืขื™ื ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืืคืฉืจื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•?
00:22
A number of years ago,
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ืœืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื
00:24
Mr. Ford predicted that flying cars
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ืžืจ ืคื•ืจื“ ื—ื–ื” ืฉืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืคืคื•ืช
00:26
of some form would be available.
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ืžืกื•ื’ ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช
00:28
Now, 60 years later,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, 60 ืฉื ื” ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ
00:30
I'm here to tell you why it's possible.
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ืื ื™ ื›ืืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ืœืžื” ื–ื” ืืคืฉืจื™
00:32
When I was about five years old,
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ืŸ ื—ืžืฉ
00:34
not very much -- about a year after
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ืœื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืŸ -- ื‘ืขืจืš ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืŸ
00:36
Mr. Ford made his predictions,
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ืžืจ ืคื•ืจื“ ื—ื–ื” ืืช ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•
00:38
I was living in a rural part of Canada,
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ื’ืจืชื™ ืื– ื‘ื—ืœืง ื›ืคืจื™ ืฉืœ ืงื ื“ื”
00:41
on the side of a mountain in a very isolated area.
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ืขืœ ืฆืœืข ื”ืจ ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจ ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ ืžืื“
00:46
Getting to school, for a kid that was actually pretty short for his age,
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ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ, ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืœื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ื ืžื•ืš ืœื’ื™ืœื•
00:50
through the Canadian winter, was not a pleasant experience.
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ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื”ืงื ื“ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ื” ื ืขื™ืžื”
00:53
It was a trying and scary thing
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืืชื’ืจ ื•ืžืคื—ื™ื“
00:57
for a young kid to be going through.
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ื›ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ ืฆืขื™ืจ
01:00
At the end of my first year in school, in the summer of that year,
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ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ, ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื”,
01:05
I discovered a couple hummingbirds
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ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ื›ืžื” ื™ื•ื ืงื™ ื“ื‘ืฉ
01:08
that were caught in a shed near my home.
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ืฉื ืชืงืขื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืกื›ื›ื” ืœื™ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื™
01:10
They'd worn themselves out,
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ื”ื ืขื™ื™ืคื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื
01:12
beating themselves against the window,
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ื‘ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื”ื—ืœื•ืŸ
01:14
and, well, they were easy to capture.
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ืงืœ ืœืชืคื•ืก ืื•ืชื
01:16
I took them outside and as I let them go, that split second, even though they were very tired,
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ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืื•ืชื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื•ื›ืฉืฉื™ื—ืจืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื, ืœืฉื‘ืจื™ืจ ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื™ื™ืคื™ื
01:20
that second I let them go they hovered for a second,
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ื‘ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืฉื™ื—ืจืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื ื”ื ืจื™ื—ืคื• ืœืจื’ืข
01:22
then zipped off into the distance.
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ื•ืื– ื–ื™ื ืงื• ืืœ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื
01:24
I thought, what a great way to get to school.
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™, ืื™ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ืžืขื•ืœื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ
01:26
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:29
For a kid at that age, this was like infinite speed, disappearing,
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื–ื”, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ืช, ื”ื”ื™ืขืœืžื•ืช
01:33
and I was very inspired by that.
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ื•ื–ื” ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืจืื”
01:35
And so the next -- over the next
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ื•ืื– ื‘ืžื”ืœืš -- ืœืื•ืจืš
01:37
six decades, believe it or not,
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ืฉืฉื” ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื, ืชืืžื™ื ื• ืื• ืœื,
01:39
I've built a number of aircraft,
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ื‘ื ื™ืชื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก
01:42
with the goal of creating something that could do for you, or me,
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ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ืื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™
01:46
what the hummingbird does,
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ืืช ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื™ื•ื ืง ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ
01:48
and give you that flexibility.
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ืฉื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื–ื•
01:51
I've called this vehicle, generically, a volantor,
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ืงืจืืชื™ ืœื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ื–ื”, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™, ื”ืœื™ืงื•ืค -- ื•ื•ืœื ื˜ื•ืจ
01:55
after the Latin word "volant," meaning,
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ื›ืžื• ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช volant, ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื”
01:57
to fly in a light, nimble manner.
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ืœืขื•ืคืฃ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืงืœื™ืœื” ื•ื–ืจื™ื–ื”
02:00
Volantor-like helicopter, perhaps.
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ืžืกื•ืง ื“ืžื•ื™ ื•ื•ืœื ื˜ื•ืจ, ืื•ืœื™
02:02
The FAA, the controlling body above all,
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ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื”ืคื“ืจืœื™, ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื•ืœื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ื”,
02:05
calls it a "powered lift aircraft."
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ืงื•ืจื ืœื–ื” "ื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก ืจื™ื—ื•ืฃ ืžืžื•ื ืข"
02:08
And they've actually issued a pilot's license --
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ื•ื”ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืก --
02:11
a powerlift pilot's license -- for this type of aircraft.
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ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก ืจื™ื—ื•ืฃ ืžืžื•ื ืข -- ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ื–ื”
02:15
It's closer than you think. It's kind of remarkable when you consider that
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ื–ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื. ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืžืจืฉื™ื ื›ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”
02:18
there are no operational powered lift aircraft.
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ืื™ืŸ ื›ืจื’ืข ื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืขื ืจื™ื—ื•ืฃ ืžืžื•ื ืข
02:21
So for once, perhaps, the government is ahead of itself.
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ืื– ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืœืฉื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™, ืื•ืœื™, ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืงื“ื™ืžื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื”
02:25
The press calls my particular volantor a "Skycar."
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ื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช ืงื•ืจืืช ืœื•ื•ืœื ื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ืฉืœื™ Skycar (ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจ)
02:30
This is a little bit earlier version of it,
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ื–ื• ื’ืจืกื” ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืฉืœื”
02:33
that's why it's given the X designation,
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ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืฉืœื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืื•ืช X
02:35
but it's a four-passenger aircraft
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ื ื•ืกืขื™ื
02:37
that could take off vertically, like a helicopter --
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืžืจื™ื ืื ื›ื™ืช, ื›ืžื• ืžืกื•ืง --
02:39
therefore it doesn't need an airfield.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื“ื” ืชืขื•ืคื”.
02:41
On the ground, it's powered electrically.
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ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข, ื–ื” ืžื•ืคืขืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืฉืžืœ
02:45
It's actually classified as a motorcycle
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ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื›ืื•ืคื ื•ืข
02:48
because of the three wheels, which is a great asset
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื”ื’ืœื’ืœื™ื, ืฉื–ื” ื ื›ืก ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ
02:50
because it allows you, theoretically, to use this on the highways
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืš, ืชื™ืื•ืจื˜ื™ืช, ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื
02:52
in most states, and actually in all cities.
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ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขืจื™ื
02:55
So that's an asset because if you've got to deal with the crash protection issues
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ืื– ื–ื” ื ื›ืก ื›ื™ ืื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื’ื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืจื™ืกื•ืง
02:58
of the automobile, forget it -- you're never going to fly it.
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืœ ืจื›ื‘, ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ืžื–ื” -- ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชื˜ื™ืกื• ืืช ื–ื”
03:02
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:07
One could say that a helicopter
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืกื•ืง
03:09
does pretty much what the hummingbird does,
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ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืขืจืš ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื™ื•ื ืง ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ
03:12
and gets around in much the same way, and it's true,
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ื•ืžืชื ื•ืขืข ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฆื•ืจื”, ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ
03:14
but a helicopter is a very complex device.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืกื•ืง ื”ื•ื ืžืชืงืŸ ืžืื“ ืžืกื•ื‘ืš
03:18
It's expensive --
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ื”ื•ื ื™ืงืจ --
03:20
so expensive that very few people could own or use it.
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ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื™ืงืจ ืฉืžืขื˜ ืžืื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ืื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื•
03:24
It's often been described because of its fragile nature and its complexity,
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื•ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื”ื•ื ืžืชื•ืืจ
03:28
as a series of parts -- a large number of parts --
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ื›ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื—ืœืงื™ื -- ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื“ ื—ืœืงื™ื --
03:30
flying in formation.
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ืฉื˜ืกื™ื ื‘ืžื‘ื ื”
03:32
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:37
Another difference, and I have to describe this,
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ืขื•ื“ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ, ื•ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืืจ ืืช ื–ื”
03:39
because it's very personal,
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžืื“ ืื™ืฉื™
03:41
another great difference between the helicopter
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ืขื•ื“ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืกื•ืง
03:43
and the volantor --
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ื•ื”ื•ื•ืœื ื˜ื•ืจ --
03:45
in my case the Skycar volantor --
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื•ืœื ื˜ื•ืจ Skycar --
03:47
is the experience that I've had
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ื” ืฉื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื™
03:49
in flying both of those.
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ื‘ื”ื˜ืกืช ืฉื ื™ื”ื
03:51
In a helicopter you feel -- and it's still a remarkable sensation --
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ื‘ืžืกื•ืง ืืชื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ -- ื•ื–ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” --
03:54
you feel like you're being hauled up from above
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ืืชื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืืชื” ื ืžืฉืš ืžืœืžืขืœื”
03:57
by a vibrating crane.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื ื•ืฃ ืจื•ื˜ื˜
03:59
When you get in the Skycar -- and I can tell you,
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ื›ืฉื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ -- ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื›ื
04:01
there's only one other person that's flown it, but he had the same sensation --
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ืฉืจืง ืขื•ื“ ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืžื ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืก ืื•ืชื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ --
04:04
you really feel like you're being lifted up
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ืืชื” ืžืžืฉ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžืจื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืš ืœืžืขืœื”
04:06
by a magic carpet,
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ืขืœ ืฉื˜ื™ื— ืงืกืžื™ื
04:09
without any vibration whatsoever. The sensation is unbelievable.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืจืขื™ื“ื•ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ืŸ. ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื”ื–ื• ืœื ืชืื•ืžืŸ.
04:12
And it's been a great motivator.
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ื•ื–ื” ื™ืฆืจ ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”
04:14
I only get to fly this vehicle occasionally,
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ื™ื•ืฆื ืœื™ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืก ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ื–ื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช,
04:17
and only when I can persuade my stockholders
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ื•ืจืง ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืืช ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™
04:19
to let me do so,
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ืœืชืช ืœื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”
04:21
but it's still one of those wonderful experiences
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ืช ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืœืื•ืช
04:24
that reward you for all that time.
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ืฉืžืคืฆื•ืช ืื•ืชืš ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”
04:30
What we really need is something to replace the automobile
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช
04:33
for those 50-plus mile trips.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”- 50 ืžื™ื™ืœ (80 ืง"ืž)
04:36
Very few people realize that 50 mile-plus trips
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ืžืขื˜ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”-80 ืง"ืž
04:38
make up 85 percent of the miles traveled in America.
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ืžื”ื•ื•ืช 85 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืฉื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”
04:41
If we can get rid of that,
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ืื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžื–ื”
04:43
then the highways will now be useful to you,
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ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื•
04:46
as contrasted by what's happening
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ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”
04:48
in many parts of the world today.
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ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื•ื
04:52
On this next slide, is an interesting history
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ื‘ืฉืงื•ืคื™ืช ื”ื‘ืื”, ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช
04:56
of what we really have seen in infrastructure,
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ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืจืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชืฉืชื™ืช
05:00
because whether I give you a perfect Skycar,
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ื›ื™ ืื ืืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช
05:03
the perfect vehicle for use, it's going to have very little value to you
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ืจื›ื‘ ืžื•ืฉืœื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื–ื” ืžืขื˜ ืžืื“ ืขืจืš ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื
05:06
unless you've got a system to use it in.
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ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ืชืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื”
05:08
I'm sure any of you have asked the question,
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื›ื ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื”
05:10
yeah, are there great things up there -- what am I going to do, get up there?
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ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื ืœืžืขืœื” -- ืžื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืืขืฉื”, ืืขืœื” ืœืฉื ืœืžืขืœื”?
05:12
It's bad enough on a highway, what's it going to be like to be in the air?
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ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื’ืจื•ืข ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื™ื, ืื™ืš ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ?
05:15
This world that you're going to be talking about tomorrow
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ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืžื—ืจ
05:18
is going to be completely integrated. You're not going to be a pilot,
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ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืœื’ืžืจื™. ืืชื ืœื ืชื”ื™ื• ื˜ื™ื™ืกื™ื,
05:20
you're going to be a passenger.
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ืืชื ืชื”ื™ื• ื ื•ืกืขื™ื
05:22
And it's the infrastructure that really determines whether this process goes forward.
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ื•ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืงื•ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื–ื” ืžืชืงื“ื
05:25
I can tell you, technically we can build Skycars --
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ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื, ื˜ื›ื ื™ืช ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจ --
05:27
my God, we went to the moon!
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ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ืื“ื™ืจื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื™ืจื—!
05:29
The technology there was much more difficult than what I'm dealing with here.
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ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช ืžืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืื™ืชื• ื›ืืŸ
05:32
But we have to have these priority changes,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช
05:34
we have to have infrastructure to go with this.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ื”
05:36
Historically you see that we got around
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ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื ื•
05:38
200 years ago by canals,
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200 ืฉื ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชืขืœื•ืช
05:40
and as that system disappeared, were replaced by railroads.
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื–ื• ื ืขืœืžื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ื—ืœืคื” ื‘ืžืกื™ืœื•ืช
05:43
As that disappeared we came in with highways.
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ื›ืฉื–ื” ื ืขืœื ื ื›ื ืกื• ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื
05:45
But if you look at that top corner -- the highway system --
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ื‘ืคื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” -- ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื --
05:48
you see where we are today. Highways are no longer being built,
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ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืื™ืคื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื. ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ื‘ื ื™ื
05:52
and that's a fact. You won't see any additional highways
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ื•ื–ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”. ืœื ืชืจืื• ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
05:55
in the next 10 years.
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ื‘ืขืฉืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช
05:57
However, the next 10 years, if like the last 10 years,
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ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื‘ 10 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช, ืื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื• 10 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช,
05:59
we're going to see 30 percent more traffic.
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ื ืจืื” 30 ืื—ื•ื– ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”
06:02
And where is that going to lead you to?
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ื•ืœืืŸ ื–ื” ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื ื•?
06:04
So the issue then, I've often asked, is
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ืื– ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื, ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœ ืœืขื™ืชื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช
06:06
when is it going to happen?
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ืžืชื™ ื–ื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืงืจื•ืช?
06:09
When are we going to be able to have these vehicles?
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ืžืชื™ ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืืœื”?
06:12
And of course, if you ask me, I'm going to give you a really optimistic view.
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืื ืชืฉืืœื• ืื•ืชื™, ืืชืŸ ืœื›ื ื“ืขื” ืžืื•ื“ ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช
06:15
After all, I've been spending 60 years here believing it's going to happen tomorrow.
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ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ 60 ืฉื ื” ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉื–ื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืงืจื•ืช ืžื—ืจ
06:18
So, I'm not going to quote myself on this.
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ืื– ืœื ืืฆื˜ื˜ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืขืœ ื–ื”
06:21
I'd prefer to quote someone else,
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ืื ื™ ืžืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืฆื˜ื˜ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ
06:23
who testified with me before Congress,
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ืฉื”ืขื™ื“ ื™ื—ื“ ืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก
06:25
and in his position as head of NASA
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ื•ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื›ืจืืฉ ื ืืก"ื
06:29
put forward this particular vision
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ืงื™ื“ื ืืช ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื”ื–ื”
06:31
of the future of this type of aircraft.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ื–ื”
06:35
Now I would argue, actually, if you look at the fact that on the highways today,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืื˜ืขืŸ, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืฉืื ืชืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืขืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื
06:38
you're only averaging about 30 miles per hour --
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ืืชื ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข 30 ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœืฉืขื” (48 ืงืž"ืฉ) --
06:41
on average, according to the DOT --
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ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข, ืœืคื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” --
06:44
the Skycar travels at over 300 miles an hour,
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ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื ื•ืกืขืช ืžืขืœ 300 ืžื™ื™ืœ ืœืฉืขื” (480 ืงืž"ืฉ)
06:46
up to 25,000 feet.
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ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขื“ 25,000 ืจื’ืœ (ื› 8 ืง"ืž)
06:49
And so, in effect, you could see perhaps a tenfold increase
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ื•ื›ืš, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืคื™ ืขืฉืจื”
06:51
in the ability to get around
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ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชื ื™ื™ื“
06:54
as far as speed is concerned.
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ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช
07:01
Unbeknownst to many of you,
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ืžื” ืฉืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ื”ื•ื
07:04
the highway in the sky that I'm talking about here
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ืฉื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืืŸ
07:06
has been under construction for 10 years.
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ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื›ื‘ืจ 10 ืฉื ื™ื
07:09
It makes use of the GPS -- you're familiar with GPS in your automobile,
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ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ GPS -- ืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื” GPS ืžื”ืื•ื˜ื• ืฉืœื›ื
07:12
but you may not be familiar with the fact that there's a GPS U.S.,
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ืืชื ืืœ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืืชื ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ GPS US
07:15
there's a Russian GPS,
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ื™ืฉ GPS ืจื•ืกื™
07:17
and there's a new GPS system
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืขืจื›ืช GPS ื—ื“ืฉื”
07:19
going to Europe, called Galileo.
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ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ืœืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ืฉืฉืžื” ื’ืœื™ืœืื•
07:21
With those three systems,
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ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
07:23
you have what is always necessary --
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืžื” ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš --
07:25
a level of redundancy that says,
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ืจืžืช ื™ืชื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืื•ืžืจืช
07:27
if one system fails, you'll still have a way
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ืื ืฆืขืจื›ืช ืื—ืช ื›ื•ืฉืœืช, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื“ืจืš
07:29
to make sure that you're being controlled.
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ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืืชื ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”
07:31
Because if you're in this world, where computers are controlling what you're doing,
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ื›ื™ ืื ืืชื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื
07:34
it's going to be very critical that something can't fail on you.
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ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืื“ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืœื ื™ื™ื›ืฉืœ
07:39
How would a trip in a Skycar work?
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ืื™ืš ืชืขื‘ื•ื“ ื ืกื™ืขื” ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ?
07:41
Well, you can't right now
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื›ืจื’ืข
07:43
take off from your home because it's too noisy.
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ืœื”ืžืจื™ื ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืจื•ืขืฉ ืžื“ื™
07:46
I mean to be able to take off from your home, you'd have to be extremely quiet.
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืžืจื™ื ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื“ ืฉืงื˜ื™ื
07:49
But it's still fairly quiet.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืงื˜ ื™ื—ืกื™ืช
07:51
You'd motor, electrically, to a vertiport,
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ืืชื ืชืกืขื•, ื—ืฉืžืœื™ืช, ืœืฉื“ื” ืชืขื•ืคื” ืื ื›ื™
07:55
which may be a few blocks, maybe even a few miles away.
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ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ื›ืžื” ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื• ื›ืžื” ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื
07:57
This is clearly, as I said earlier, a roadable aircraft,
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ื–ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ืงื•ื“ื, ื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก ืขื ืžื ื•ืข ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘
08:00
and you're not going to spend that much time on the road.
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ื•ืœื ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš
08:02
After all, if you can fly like that,
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ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ืื ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื˜ื•ืก ื›ื›ื”,
08:04
why are you going to drive around on a highway?
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ืœืžื” ืฉืชื ื”ื’ื• ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ?
08:06
Go to a local vertiport,
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ื’ืฉื• ืœืฉื“ื” ืชืขื•ืคื” ืื ื›ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื™
08:08
plug in your destination,
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ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื• ืืช ื”ื™ืขื“ ืฉืœื›ื
08:11
delivered almost like a passenger.
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ื•ื™ืกื™ืขื• ืื•ืชื›ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืžื• ื ื•ืกืข
08:15
You can play computer games, you can sleep, you can read on the way.
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉื—ืง ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘,ืืคืฉืจ ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ื“ืจืš
08:19
This is the world -- there won't be you as a pilot. And I know the pilots in the audience aren't going to like that --
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ื–ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื -- ืืชื ืœื ืชื”ื™ื• ื”ื˜ื™ื™ืกื™ื. ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ื˜ื™ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื‘ืงื”ืœ ืœื ื™ืื”ื‘ื• ืืช ื–ื”
08:22
and I've had a lot of bad feedback
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ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœื™ืœื™
08:24
from people who want to be up there, flying around
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ืžืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืœืžืขืœื”, ื•ืœื˜ื•ืก
08:26
and experiencing that.
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ื•ืœื”ืชื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื–ื”
08:29
And of course, I suppose like recreational parks you can still do that.
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื— ืฉื‘ืคืืจืงื™ ืฉืขืฉื•ืขื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช
08:32
But the vehicle itself is going to be a very, very controlled environment.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ ืขืฆืžื• ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืžืื“ ืžืื“ ื ืฉืœื˜ืช
08:36
Or it's going to have no use to you as a person who might use such a system.
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ืื• ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ื›ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื–ื•
08:40
We flew the first vehicle for the international press
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ื”ื˜ืกื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช
08:43
in 1965, when I really got it started.
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ื‘ 1965, ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ
08:45
I was a professor at the U.C. Davis System,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื“ื™ื™ื•ื™ืก ื‘ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”
08:47
and I got a lot of excitement around this,
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ื•ืขื•ืจืจืชื™ ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื–ื”
08:49
and I was able to fund the initiation of the program back in that time.
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ื•ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœืžืžืŸ ืืช ื”ืชื—ืœืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื•
08:53
And then through the various years
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ื•ืื– ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื
08:55
we invented various vehicles.
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ื”ืžืฆืื ื• ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืฉื•ื ื™ื
08:57
Actually the critical point was in 1989,
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ 1989
09:00
when we demonstrated the stability of this vehicle --
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ื›ืฉื”ื“ื’ืžื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ื–ื” --
09:02
how completely stable it was in all circumstances,
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ื›ืžื” ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช
09:05
which is of course very critical.
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ืฉื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
09:07
Still not a practical vehicle during all of this,
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื›ืœื™ ืคืจืงื˜ื™ ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื–ื”
09:10
but moving in the right direction, we believe.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืชืงื“ื ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืš ื”ืืžื ื•
09:14
Finally, in the early part of --
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช --
09:17
or actually the middle of 2002,
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ืื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืข 2002
09:21
we flew the 400 -- M400, which was the four-passenger vehicle.
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ื”ื˜ืกื ื• ืืช ื” 400 -- M400, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจื›ื‘ ื”ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื”ืืจื‘ืข-ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™
09:25
In this case here, we're flying it remotely, as we always did at the beginning.
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ื›ืืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื˜ื™ืกื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืžืจื—ื•ืง, ื›ืžื• ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”
09:29
And we had very small power plants in it at this time.
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื–ื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืžืื“ ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ
09:32
We are now installing larger powerplants,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžืชืงื™ื ื™ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ
09:34
which will make it possible for me to get back on board.
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ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
09:36
A vertical-takeoff aircraft
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ื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก ืฉืžืžืจื™ื ืื ื›ื™ืช
09:38
is not the safest vehicle during the test flight program.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžืฉืš ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืกื”
09:42
There's an old adage that applied for the years
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ื™ืฉ ืื™ืžืจื” ื™ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ืชืื™ืžื” ืœืฉื ื™ื
09:45
between 1950s and 1970s,
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ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ 1950 ืœ 1970
09:48
when every aeronautical company
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ื›ืฉื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื™ืจื•ื ืื•ื˜ื™ืช
09:50
was working on vertical-takeoff aircraft.
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ืขื‘ื“ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก ืžืžืจื™ืื™ื ืื ื›ื™ืช
09:54
A vertical-takeoff aircraft
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ื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก ืฉืžืžืจื™ื ืื ื›ื™ืช
09:56
needs an artificial stabilization system --
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ืฆืจื™ืš ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช
09:58
that's essential.
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ื–ื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™
10:00
At least for the hover,
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ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืจื™ื—ื•ืฃ
10:02
and the low-speed flight.
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ื•ื”ื˜ื™ืกื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื”
10:06
If that single-stability system,
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ืื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื–ื•
10:08
that brain that flies that aircraft, fails, or if the engine fails,
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ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ื–ื” ืฉืžื˜ื™ืก ืืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืก ื”ื–ื”, ืžืชืงืœืงืœ, ืื• ืื ื”ืžื ื•ืข ืžืชืงืœืงืœ,
10:12
that vehicle crashes. There is no option to that.
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ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ื–ื” ืžืชืจืกืง. ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืคืฆื™ื” ืื—ืจืช.
10:15
And the adage that I'm referring to,
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ื•ื”ืื™ืžืจื” ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขืœื™ื”
10:17
that applied at that time,
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ืฉื”ืชืื™ืžื” ืœืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”
10:19
was that nothing comes down faster
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ื”ื™ื ืฉืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ื•ืคืœ ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ
10:21
than a VTOL aircraft upside down.
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ืžืžื˜ื•ืก ื”ืžืจืื” ื•ื ื—ื™ืชื” ืื ื›ื™ืช ื”ืคื•ืš
10:23
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
10:25
That's a macabre comment because we lost a lot of pilots.
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ื–ื• ื”ืขืจื” ืžืงืื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ื™ ืื™ื‘ื“ื ื• ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืกื™ื
10:28
In fact, the aircraft companies gave up on
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ื ื”ืชื™ื™ืืฉื•
10:30
vertical-takeoff aircraft
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ืžื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก ื”ืžืžืจื™ืื™ื ืื ื›ื™ืช
10:32
more or less for a number of years.
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ืœืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื, ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ
10:34
And there's really only one operational aircraft in the world today
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ื•ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืจืง ื›ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืก ืฉืžื™ืฉ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืขื•ืœื
10:37
that's a vertical-takeoff aircraft -- as distinct from a helicopter --
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ื•ืก ื”ืžืžืจื™ื ืื ื›ื™ืช -- ื•ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืกื•ืง --
10:39
and that's the Hawker Harrier jump jet.
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ื•ื–ื” "ื”ืกื™ืœื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืคืฅ", ื”ื”ื•ืงืจ ื”ืืจื™ื™ืจ
10:47
A vertical-takeoff aircraft,
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ืœืžื˜ื•ืก ื”ืžืจืื” ืื ื›ื™ืช
10:49
like the hummingbird,
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ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ื ืง ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ
10:51
has a very high metabolism,
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ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ืœื•ืฃ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื”ื™ืจ ืžืื“
10:53
which means it requires a lot of energy.
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ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”
10:56
Getting that energy is very, very difficult. It all comes down
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ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ื–ื• ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืื“ ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™. ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืœื•ื™
10:59
to that power plant -- how to get a large amount of power in a small package.
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ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื›ื•ื— -- ืื™ืš ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ื•ื— ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ื‘ื™ืœื” ืงื˜ื ื”
11:05
Fortunately, Dr. Felix Wankel
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื“"ืจ ืคืœื™ืงืก ื•ื•ืื ืงืœ
11:07
invented the rotary engine.
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ื”ืžืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื ื•ืข ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™.
11:10
A very unique engine -- it's round,
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ืžื ื•ืข ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืžืื“ -- ื”ื•ื ืขื’ื•ืœ
11:12
it's small, it's vibration-free.
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ื”ื•ื ืงื˜ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื ื˜ื•ืœ ืจืขื™ื“ื•ืช
11:15
It fits exactly where we need to fit it,
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ื”ื•ื ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืœืื™ืคื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื ืก
11:17
right in the center of the hubs of the ducts in the system --
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช
11:20
very critical. In fact that engine --
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ืžืื“ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™. ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžื ื•ืข ื”ื–ื” --
11:22
for those who are into the automobile --
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ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืชืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช
11:24
know that it recently is applied to the RX8 --
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ื”ื•ืชืงืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื‘ RX8
11:26
the Mazda.
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ื”ืžืื–ื“ื”
11:28
And that sportscar won Sports Car of the Year.
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ื•ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ื–ื• ื–ื›ืชื” ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”
11:32
Wonderful engine.
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ืžื ื•ืข ื ื”ื“ืจ
11:34
In that application, it generates one horsepower per pound,
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ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจ ื›ื•ื—-ืกื•ืก ืื—ื“ ืœืคืื•ื ื“ (ื›ื—ืฆื™ ืง"ื’)
11:36
which is twice as good as your car engine today,
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ืฉื–ื” ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืžื ื•ืข ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื›ื™ื•ื
11:39
but only half of what we need.
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ืฆื™ ืžืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื•
11:41
My company has spent 35 years
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ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ืœืงื— 35 ืฉื ื”
11:44
and many millions of dollars taking that rotary engine,
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ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืžื ื•ืข ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™
11:47
which was invented in the late '50s, and getting it to the point that we get
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ืฉื”ื•ืžืฆื ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื” 50 ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช, ืœื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื
11:50
over two horsepower per pound, reliably, and critical.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ื™ ื›ื•ื—-ืกื•ืก ืœืคืื•ื ื“, ื•ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืืžื™ื ื”.
11:53
We actually get 175 horsepower
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื 175 ื›ื•ื—-ืกื•ืก
11:56
into one cubic foot.
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ืžืชื•ืš ืคื•ื˜ ืžืขื•ืงื‘ ืื—ื“ (ื‘ืขืจืš ืงื•ื‘ื™ื” ืฉืœ 30X30X30 ืก"ืž)
11:59
We have eight engines in this vehicle.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžื ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื”ื–ื”
12:01
We have four computers. We have two parachutes.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฉื ื™ ืžืฆื ื—ื™ื
12:05
Redundancy is the critical issue here.
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ื™ืชื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ื›ืืŸ
12:07
If you want to stay alive you've got to have backups.
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ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืืชื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื™ื
12:09
And we have actually flown this vehicle and lost an engine,
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ื•ื”ื˜ืกื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ื–ื” ื•ืžืžืฉ ืื™ื‘ื“ื ื• ืžื ื•ืข
12:11
and continued to hover.
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ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ื ื• ืœืจื—ืฃ
12:13
The computers back up each other. There's a voting system --
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ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืžื’ื‘ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™. ื™ืฉ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” --
12:16
if one computer is not agreeing with the other three,
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ืื ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืžืกื›ื™ื ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื”ืื—ืจื™ื
12:20
it's kicked out of the system.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ื™ื–ืจืง ืžื”ืžืขืจื›ืช
12:21
And then you have three -- you still have the triple redundancy.
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ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” -- ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื™ืชื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืœืฉืช
12:24
If one of those fails, you still have a second chance.
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ืื ืื—ื“ ืžืืœื” ืžืชืงืœืงืœ, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ
12:27
If you stick around, then good luck.
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ืื ื ืฉืืจืชื ื‘ืคื ื™ื, ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื”
12:29
There won't be a third chance.
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ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช
12:33
The parachutes are there -- hopefully,
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ื”ืžืฆื ื—ื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื -- ื‘ืฉืื™ืคื”,
12:35
more for psychological than real reasons, but
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืืฉืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ
12:38
they will be an ultimate backup if it comes to that.
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ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ืื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืื ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื™ื’ื™ืข
12:41
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:44
I'd like to show you an animation in this next one,
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืื ื™ืžืฆื™ื” ื‘ืฉืงื•ืคื™ืช ื”ื‘ื
12:46
which is one element
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ืขืœ ืืœืžื ื˜ ืื—ื“
12:48
of the Skycar's use,
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ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ
12:50
but it's one that demonstrates how it could be used.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื›ื–ื” ืฉืžื“ื’ื™ื ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ื”
12:52
You could think of it personally in your own terms,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื
12:54
of how you might use it.
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ืฉืœ ืื™ืš ืืชื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ื”
12:56
Video: Skycar dispatched, launch rescue vehicle for San Francisco.
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"ืžื•ืงื“ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ืฉื’ืจื• ืจื›ื‘ ื—ื™ืœื•ืฅ ืœืกืŸ ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื•"
13:28
Paul Moller: I believe that personal transportation
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช
13:30
in something like the Skycar,
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ื‘ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ
13:32
probably in another volantor form as well,
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ื›ื ืจืื” ื’ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ื•ื•ืœื ื˜ื•ืจ ืื—ืจืช
13:35
will be a significant part of our lives,
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ืชื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืžื—ื™ื™ื ื•
13:38
as Dr. Goldin says, within the next 10 years.
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ื›ืžื• ืฉื“"ืจ ื’ื•ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ, ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืขืฉืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช
13:41
And it's going to change the demographics in a very significant way.
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ื•ื–ื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
13:45
If you can live 75 miles from San Francisco and get there in 15 minutes,
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ืื ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ื•ืจ 75 ืžื™ื™ืœ (120 ืง"ืž) ืžืกืŸ ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื• ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื ื‘ 15 ื“ืงื•ืช
13:49
you're going to sell your 700,000-dollar apartment,
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ืืชื ืชืžื›ืจื• ืืช ื“ื™ืจืช ื” 700,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืฉืœื›ื
13:53
buy an upscale home on the side of a mountain,
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ืชืงื ื• ื‘ื™ืช ืžืคื•ืืจ ืขืœ ืฆืœืข ื”ืจ
13:55
buy a Skycar,
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ืชืงื ื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจ
13:57
which I think would be priced at that time perhaps
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ืฉืœื“ืขืชื™ ืชืชื•ืžื—ืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื ืื•ืœื™
13:59
in the area of 100,000 dollars, put money in the bank ...
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ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจ ื” 100,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ, ืฉื™ืžื• ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ื‘ื ืง
14:02
that's a very significant incentive for getting out of San Francisco.
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ื–ื” ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืžืื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœืฉื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ื‘ื ืง...
14:06
But you better be the first one out of town as the real estate values go to hell.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ืขื™ืจ ื›ืฉืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื™ื™ืœื›ื• ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ
14:09
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
14:14
Developing the Skycar has been a real challenge.
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ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืืชื’ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™
14:17
Obviously I'm dependent on a lot of other people
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ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื ืื ื™ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
14:19
believing in what I'm doing -- both financially and in technical help.
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ืฉืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” -- ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื’ื ื‘ืขื–ืจื” ื˜ื›ื ื™ืช
14:23
And that has --
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” --
14:25
you run into situations where you have this great acceptance of what you're doing,
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ืืชื” ื ื›ื ืก ืœืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื™ืฉ ืงื‘ืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื”
14:29
and a lot of rejection of the same kind of thing.
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ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื—ื™ื™ื” ืžืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ
14:32
I characterized this emerging technology
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ืื ื™ ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืžืชืคืชื—ืช ื”ื–ื•
14:36
in an aphorism,
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ื‘ืืžื™ืจื”
14:38
as it's described,
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืชื•ืืจ
14:41
which really talks about what I've experienced,
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ืฉืžืžืฉ ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื™
14:43
and I'm sure what other people may have experienced
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื—ื•ื•
14:45
in emerging technologies.
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ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช
14:53
There's an interesting poll that came out recently
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ื™ืฉ ืกืงืจ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืชืคืจืกื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”
14:55
under NAS --
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ืข"ื™ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืžื“ืขื™ื --
14:57
I think it's MSNBC --
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืจืฉืช MSNBC --
14:59
in which they asked the question,
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ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืืœื• ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื”
15:01
"Are you in the market for a volantor?"
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"ื”ืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ื•ื•ืœื ื˜ื•ืจ?"
15:04
Twenty-three percent said, "Yes, as soon as possible."
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23 ืื—ื•ื– ืืžืจื• "ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื™"
15:07
Forty-seven percent -- yes, as soon as they could -- price could come down.
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47 ืื—ื•ื– -- ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• -- ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจื“ืช
15:10
Twenty-three percent said, "As soon as it's proven safe."
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23 ืื—ื•ื– ืืžืจื• "ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื™ื•ื›ื— ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—"
15:13
Only seven percent said
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ืจืง 7 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืืžืจื•
15:15
that they wouldn't consider buying a Skycar.
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ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืงืœื• ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจ
15:18
I'm encouraged by that. At least it makes me feel like,
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ื–ื” ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ืื•ืชื™. ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ
15:22
to some extent, it is becoming self-evident.
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ืฉื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื•ืช, ื–ื” ื ื”ื™ื™ื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืืœื™ื•
15:25
That we need an alternative to the automobile,
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช
15:27
at least for those 50-mile trips and more,
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ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืฉืœ 80 ืง"ืž ื•ืžืขืœื”
15:29
so that the highways become usable in today's world.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื”ืคื›ื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื•ื
15:32
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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