Why theater is essential to democracy | Oskar Eustis

93,402 views ใƒป 2018-06-25

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Shlomo Adam ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:13
Theater matters because democracy matters.
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ื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”.
00:17
Theater is the essential art form of democracy,
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ื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืžืฆื™ืช ื”ืืžื ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”,
00:21
and we know this because they were born in the same city.
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ื•ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื–ืืช ื›ื™ ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ื ื•ืœื“ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ.
00:26
In the late 6th century BC,
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ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืžืื” ื”-6 ืœืคื ื”"ืก ื ื•ืœื“ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช.
00:28
the idea of Western democracy was born.
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื—ืœืงื™ืช ื•ืคื’ื•ืžื” ืžืื“,
00:30
It was, of course,
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00:31
a very partial and flawed democracy,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื›ื•ื— ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื ื‘ื•ืข ืžื”ืกื›ืžืช ื”ื ืฉืœื˜ื™ื,
00:34
but the idea that power should stem from the consent of the governed,
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00:39
that power should flow from below to above,
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ืžืœืžื˜ื” ืœืžืขืœื”, ื•ืœื ืœื”ื™ืคืš,
00:42
not the other way around,
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ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื•ืจ.
00:44
was born in that decade.
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00:45
And in that same decade, somebody -- legend has it, somebody named Thespis --
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื•ืจ, ืžื™ืฉื”ื• - ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืคืจ, ืฉืžื• ืช'ืกืคื™ืก -
ื”ืžืฆื™ื ืืช ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’.
00:51
invented the idea of dialogue.
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00:53
What does that mean, to invent dialogue?
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ืžื” ื–ื”, "ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’"?
ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื ื• ืฉื‘ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ืกื•ืก
00:55
Well, we know that the Festival of Dionysus gathered
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ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ ืืชื•ื ื” ื”ืชื›ื ืกื• ืœื™ื“ ื”ืืงืจื•ืคื•ืœื™ืก,
00:57
the entire citizenry of Athens
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00:59
on the side of the Acropolis,
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ื”ื ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• ืœืžื•ืกื™ืงื”, ืฆืคื• ื‘ืžื—ื•ืœื•ืช
01:01
and they would listen to music, they would watch dancing,
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01:04
and they would have stories told as part of the Festival of Dionysus.
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ื•ืฉืžืขื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ืกื•ืก.
01:08
And storytelling is much like what's happening right now:
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ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื“ื•ืžื” ืžืื“ ืœืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื›ืจื’ืข:
ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ื›ืืŸ ืœืžืขืœื” ื›ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”,
01:11
I'm standing up here,
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01:12
the unitary authority,
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01:14
and I am talking to you.
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ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื›ื.
ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื›ื ื•ืกื•ืคื’ื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืœื•ืžืจ.
01:16
And you are sitting back, and you are receiving what I have to say.
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01:19
And you may disagree with it, you may think I'm an insufferable fool,
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ืื•ืœื™ ืื™ื ื›ื ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ืชื™, ืื•ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืชื›ื ืื ื™ ืฉื•ื˜ื” ื‘ืœืชื™-ื ืกื‘ืœ,
ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ืžืฉืชืขืžืžื™ื ืขื“ ืžื•ื•ืช,
01:23
you may be bored to death,
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01:24
but that dialogue is mostly taking place inside your own head.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ ื”ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืจืืฉื›ื.
01:28
But what happens if, instead of me talking to you --
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื›ื -
01:32
and Thespis thought of this --
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ื—ืฉื‘ ืช'ืกืคื™ืก ืœืขืฆืžื• -
01:34
I just shift 90 degrees to the left,
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ืืคื ื” 90 ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฉืžืืœื”,
01:37
and I talk to another person onstage with me?
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ื•ืื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ืฉื ืžืฆื ืื™ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืžื”?
ื”ื›ืœ ืžืฉืชื ื”,
01:41
Everything changes,
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01:43
because at that moment, I'm not the possessor of truth;
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ื›ื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข, ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืืžืช;
01:47
I'm a guy with an opinion.
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ืื ื™ ืกืชื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืžื‘ื™ืข ื“ืขื”.
01:50
And I'm talking to somebody else.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ.
01:51
And you know what?
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ื•ื”ืคืœื ื•ืคืœื, ื’ื ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ืื—ืจ ื™ืฉ ื“ืขื”,
01:53
That other person has an opinion too,
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01:55
and it's drama, remember, conflict -- they disagree with me.
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ื•ื–ืืช ื“ืจืžื”, ื–ื™ื›ืจื•, ืงื•ื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ -- ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืกื›ื™ื ืื™ืชื™.
01:59
There's a conflict between two points of view.
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ื ื•ืฆืจ ืงื•ื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืคื”.
02:02
And the thesis of that is that the truth can only emerge
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ื•ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืืžืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื ื‘ื•ืข
02:08
in the conflict of different points of view.
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ืจืง ืžืชื•ืš ืงื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืคื” ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
ืื™ืŸ ืœืื“ื ื–ื” ืื• ื–ื” ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”.
02:11
It's not the possession of any one person.
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02:13
And if you believe in democracy, you have to believe that.
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ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš.
ืžื™ ืฉืœื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืื•ื˜ื•ืงืจื˜
02:18
If you don't believe that, you're an autocrat
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02:20
who is putting up with democracy.
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ืฉืจืง ืžืฉืœื™ื ืขื ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”.
02:22
But that's the basic thesis of democracy,
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ื ื—ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”,
ืฉื”ืงื•ื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืคื” ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืœ ื”ืืžืช.
02:25
that the conflict of different points of views leads to the truth.
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02:28
What's the other thing that's happening?
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ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ืงื•ืจื”?
ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžื›ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืœืื—ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื™.
02:30
I'm not asking you to sit back and listen to me.
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ืื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžื›ื ืœื ื˜ื•ืช ืงื“ื™ืžื”
02:33
I'm asking you to lean forward
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02:35
and imagine my point of view --
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ื•ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืคื” ืฉืœื™ --
02:38
what this looks like and feels like to me as a character.
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ืžื” ืื ื™, ื›ื“ืžื•ืช, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื•ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ.
ื•ืื– ืื ื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžื›ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื•ื—
02:42
And then I'm asking you to switch your mind
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ื•ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื•ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™.
02:45
and imagine what it feels like to the other person talking.
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ืื ื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžื›ื ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืžืคืชื™ื”.
02:49
I'm asking you to exercise empathy.
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02:52
And the idea that truth comes from the collision of different ideas
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ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืืžืช ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
02:56
and the emotional muscle of empathy
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ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉืจื™ืจ ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืืžืคืชื™ื”,
02:59
are the necessary tools for democratic citizenship.
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ื”ื ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื™ื ืœืื–ืจื—ื•ืช ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช.
03:03
What else happens?
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ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ืงื•ืจื”?
03:05
The third thing really is you,
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆื ืืชื,
ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืขืฆืžื”, ื”ืงื”ืœ.
03:08
is the community itself, is the audience.
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03:11
And you know from personal experience that when you go to the movies,
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ื•ืžื ืกื™ื•ื ื›ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืกืจื˜,
03:15
you walk into a movie theater, and if it's empty, you're delighted,
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ื•ืืชื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ื•ื”ื•ื ืจื™ืง, ืืชื ืฉืžื—ื™ื,
03:18
because nothing's going to be between you and the movie.
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ื›ื™ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื—ืฆื•ืฅ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื›ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืจื˜.
ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืจืข, ืœื”ืจื™ื ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืœืคื ื™ื›ื,
03:21
You can spread out, put your legs over the top of the stadium seats,
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ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืคื•ืคืงื•ืจืŸ ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช.
03:24
eat your popcorn and just enjoy it.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืืชื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื”ื•ืคืขื” ื•ื”ืื•ืœื ื—ืฆื™ ืžืœื -
03:26
But if you walk into a live theater
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03:28
and you see that the theater is half full,
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03:30
your heart sinks.
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ืœื‘ื›ื ืฉื•ืงืข.
03:32
You're disappointed immediately,
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ืืชื ืžืชืื›ื–ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื“,
03:34
because whether you knew it or not,
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ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื™ื“ืขืชื ื–ืืช ืื• ืœื,
03:36
you were coming to that theater
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ื‘ืืชื ืœืื•ืœื ื”ื”ื•ื
03:38
to be part of an audience.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžืงื”ืœ.
03:40
You were coming to have the collective experience
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ื‘ืืชื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ื” ื”ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช:
ืœืฆื—ื•ืง ื•ืœื‘ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ื™ื—ื“
03:43
of laughing together, crying together, holding your breath together
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03:46
to see what's going to happen next.
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ื‘ืฆื™ืคื™ื” ืœืžื” ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ืœืงืจื•ืช.
03:48
You may have walked into that theater as an individual consumer,
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ืื•ืœื™ ื ื›ื ืกืชื ืœื”ื•ืคืขื” ื›ืฆืจื›ืŸ ืคืจื˜ื™,
ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ืžื•ืคืข ืžืชื ื”ืœ ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš,
03:53
but if the theater does its job,
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03:55
you've walked out with a sense of yourself as part of a whole,
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ืืชื ืชืฆืื• ืžืžื ื• ืขื ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฉืืชื ื—ืœืง ืžืฉืœื,
03:59
as part of a community.
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ื—ืœืง ืžืงื”ื™ืœื”.
04:01
That's built into the DNA of my art form.
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื“ื "ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœื™.
04:06
Twenty-five hundred years later, Joe Papp decided
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2,500 ืฉื ื” ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื’'ื• ืคืืค ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜
ืฉื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื”,
04:11
that the culture should belong to everybody in the United States of America,
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ื•ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื–ืืช.
04:15
and that it was his job to try to deliver on that promise.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ืžื•ืคืขื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื ืฉืœ "ืฉื™ื™ืงืกืคื™ืจ ื‘ืคืืจืง".
04:19
He created Free Shakespeare in the Park.
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04:21
And Free Shakespeare in the Park is based on a very simple idea,
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ื•ืžื•ืคืขื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื "ืฉื™ื™ืงืกืคื™ืจ ื‘ืคืืจืง" ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืื“,
ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
04:25
the idea that the best theater, the best art that we can produce,
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ื”ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ,
04:29
should go to everybody and belong to everybody,
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ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ื•ืœื ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœื›ื•ืœื,
04:32
and to this day,
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ื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื,
04:34
every summer night in Central Park,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืจื‘ ืงื™ืฅ ื‘ืกื ื˜ืจืœ ืคืืจืง
04:36
2,000 people are lining up
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2,000 ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกืคืง ื—ื™ื ื.
04:39
to see the best theater we can provide for free.
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04:42
It's not a commercial transaction.
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ื–ืืช ืื™ื ื ื” ืขื™ืกืงื” ืžืกื—ืจื™ืช.
04:45
In 1967, 13 years after he figured that out,
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ื‘-1967, 13 ืฉื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืขืœื” ืขืœ ื–ื”,
ื”ื•ื ืขืœื” ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ื ื•ืกืฃ:
04:50
he figured out something else,
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04:51
which is that the democratic circle was not complete
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ืฉื”ื—ื•ื’ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ืื™ื ื ื• ืฉืœื
04:55
by just giving the people the classics.
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ืื ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืง ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืจืง ืืช ื”ืงืœืกื™ืงื•ืช.
04:58
We had to actually let the people create their own classics
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงืœืกื™ืงื•ืช ืžืฉืœื”ื
ื•ืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ื‘ืžื”.
05:02
and take the stage.
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05:03
And so in 1967,
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ืื– ื‘-1967
ื’'ื• ืคืชื— ืืช ื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื—ืชื™ืช, ื‘ืืกื˜ื•ืจ ืคืœื™ื™ืก,
05:06
Joe opened the Public Theater downtown on Astor Place,
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ื•ื”ืžื•ืคืข ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืง ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืฉืœ "ืฉื™ืขืจ".
05:09
and the first show he ever produced was the world premiere of "Hair."
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05:13
That's the first thing he ever did that wasn't Shakespeare.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ืงืกืคื™ืจ.
ืงืœื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืืจื ืก ืืžืจ ื‘"ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก" ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉืžืจ ืคืืค ืœืงื— ืžื˜ืื˜ื,
05:16
Clive Barnes in The Times said that it was as if Mr. Papp took a broom
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05:19
and swept up all the refuse from the East Village streets
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ื’ืจืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื‘ืœ ืžืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืกื˜ ื•ื™ืœื’'
05:22
onto the stage at the Public.
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ื•ื”ืขืœื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ื™ืžืช ื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™.
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:25
(Laughter)
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ื,
05:26
He didn't mean it complimentarily,
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ืื‘ืœ ื’'ื• ืชืœื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืœื ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื”. ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื’ืื” ื‘ื–ื”.
05:28
but Joe put it up in the lobby, he was so proud of it.
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05:31
(Laughter) (Applause)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง) (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ื•ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช ืขื ื”ืฆื’ื•ืช ื ืคืœืื•ืช
05:33
And what the Public Theater did over the next years with amazing shows like
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ื›ืžื• "ืœื ืขืจื•ืช ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืฉืงืœื• ื”ืชืื‘ื“ื•ืช/ื›ืฉื“ื™ ื‘ืงืฉืช ืฉื‘ืขื ืŸ",
05:37
"For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide / When the Rainbow Is Enuf,"
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05:41
"A Chorus Line,"
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"ืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืžืงื”ืœื”",
05:43
and -- here's the most extraordinary example I can think of:
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ื• -- ื–ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื”ื›ื™ ื ื”ื“ืจืช ืฉืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื“ืขืชื™ -
05:47
Larry Kramer's savage cry of rage about the AIDS crisis,
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ื–ืขืงืช ื”ื–ืขื ื”ืคืจื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ืœืืจื™ ืงืจื™ื™ืžืจ ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืื™ื™ื“ืก,
05:53
"The Normal Heart."
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"ื”ืœื‘ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ",
05:54
Because when Joe produced that play in 1985,
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ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื’'ื• ื”ืคื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžื—ื–ื” ื”ื–ื” ื‘-1985,
05:58
there was more information about AIDS
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ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื™ื“ืก
ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืคืจื ืง ืจื™ืฅ' ื‘"ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก"
06:02
in Frank Rich's review in the New York Times
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06:05
than the New York Times had published in the previous four years.
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ืžืžื” ืฉื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ืคื™ืจืกื ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ.
06:08
Larry was actually changing the dialogue about AIDS
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ืœืืจื™ ืžืžืฉ ืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื— ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืื™ื™ื“ืก
ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื—ื–ื” ื”ื”ื•ื, ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ื’'ื•, ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืคื™ืง ืื•ืชื•.
06:13
through writing this play,
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06:14
and Joe was by producing it.
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06:15
I was blessed to commission and work on Tony Kushner's "Angels in America,"
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ื”ืชื‘ืจื›ืชื™ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื–ืžื™ื ื• ืืฆืœื™ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
ืขืœ "ืžืœืื›ื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”" ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื ื™ ืงื•ืฉื ืจ,
06:20
and when doing that play and along with "Normal Heart,"
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ื•ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื–ื” ื”ื–ื”, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื "ื”ืœื‘ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ",
ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืชื ื”,
06:24
we could see that the culture was actually shifting,
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06:27
and it wasn't caused by the theater,
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ื•ืœื ื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืœืœ ื–ืืช,
06:29
but the theater was doing its part
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ืชืจื ืืช ื—ืœืงื•
06:31
to change what it meant to be gay in the United States.
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ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืื“ื ื’ืื” ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.
06:36
And I'm incredibly proud of that.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื’ืื” ื‘ื›ืš ืขื“ ืžืื“.
06:38
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
06:40
When I took over Joe's old job at the Public in 2005,
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ื›ืฉืžื•ื ื™ืชื™ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื’'ื• ื‘ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘-2005,
06:45
I realized one of the problems we had was a victim of our own success,
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ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืื—ืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื”ืฆืœื—ืชื ื•,
ื•ื”ื™ื: "ืฉื™ื™ืงืกืคื™ืจ ื‘ืคืืจืง" ื ื•ืฆืจ ื›ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื ื’ื™ืฉื”,
06:49
which is: Shakespeare in the Park had been founded as a program for access,
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ืืš ื›ืขืช ืืœื” ื”ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืงืฉื™ื ืœื”ืฉื’ื” ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง.
06:54
and it was now the hardest ticket to get in New York City.
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06:57
People slept out for two nights to get those tickets.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ ืœื™ืœื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื ืืœื”.
07:01
What was that doing?
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ืœืžื” ื–ื” ื’ืจื?
07:02
That was eliminating 98 percent of the population
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ืœื›ืš ืฉ-98% ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืฉืงืœื• ืœืœื›ืช ืืœื™ื”ื.
07:05
from even considering going to it.
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ืื– ื”ืงืžื ื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ืช
07:07
So we refounded the mobile unit
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07:09
and took Shakespeare to prisons, to homeless shelters,
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ื•ื”ื‘ืื ื• ืืช ืฉื™ื™ืงืกืคื™ืจ ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื›ืœื, ืœื‘ืชื™ ืžื—ืกื” ืœื“ืจื™-ืจื—ื•ื‘,
07:12
to community centers in all five boroughs
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ืœืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืžืฉืช ื”ืจื‘ืขื™ื
07:15
and even in New Jersey and Westchester County.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื•-ื’'ืจืกื™ ื•ืœืžื—ื•ื– ื•ื•ืกื˜ืฆ'ืกื˜ืจ.
07:17
And that program proved something to us that we knew intuitively:
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ื•ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื” ืœื ื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื“ืขื ื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื•:
ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ืขื– ื›ืžื• ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืœื”ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ
07:22
people's need for theater is as powerful as their desire for food
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07:26
or for drink.
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ืื• ืœืฉืชื•ืช.
07:28
It's been an extraordinary success, and we've continued it.
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ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื” ื•ืื ื• ื”ืžืฉื›ื ื• ืื•ืชื”.
07:31
And then there was yet another barrier that we realized we weren't crossing,
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ืื—ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื”ื‘ื ื• ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื—ืฆื•ืช,
ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช.
07:35
which is a barrier of participation.
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07:37
And the idea, we said, is:
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ, ื›ืš ืืžืจื ื•, ื”ื•ื ื–ื”:
07:38
How can we turn theater from being a commodity, an object,
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ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ืžืžืฆืจืš, ืžืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜,
07:43
back into what it really is --
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ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช -
07:45
a set of relationships among people?
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ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื?
ื•ื‘ื”ื“ืจื›ืชื” ืฉืœ ืœื™ืจ ื“ื”-ื‘ืกื•ื ื” ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”,
07:48
And under the guidance of the amazing Lear deBessonet,
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ื”ืงืžื ื• ืืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช "ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช",
07:51
we started the Public Works program,
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07:52
which now every summer produces
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ืฉืžืคื™ืงื” ื›ืขืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืงื™ืฅ ืชื”ืœื•ื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืงืกืคื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืกื™ืงืœื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช,
07:54
these immense Shakespearean musical pageants,
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07:57
where Tony Award-winning actors and musicians
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ืขื ืฉื—ืงื ื™ื ื•ืžื•ืกื™ืงืื™ื ื–ื•ื›ื™ ืคืจืก "ื˜ื•ื ื™"
08:00
are side by side with nannies and domestic workers
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ืœืฆื“ ืžื˜ืคืœื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžืฉืง-ื‘ื™ืช,
08:04
and military veterans and recently incarcerated prisoners,
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ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจื™ื ื•ืืกื™ืจื™ื ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจื™ื,
08:08
amateurs and professionals,
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ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื™ื,
08:09
performing together on the same stage.
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขืœ ืื•ืชื” ื”ื‘ืžื”.
08:12
And it's not just a great social program,
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ื•ื–ืืช ืœื ืจืง ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืžืขื•ืœื”,
08:14
it's the best art that we do.
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ืืœื ื”ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื•,
08:16
And the thesis of it is that artistry is not something
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ื›ืฉื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืžื ื•ืชื™ ืื™ื ื• ื ื—ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืžืขื˜ื™ื:
08:20
that is the possession of a few.
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ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืžื ื•ืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™,
08:23
Artistry is inherent in being a human being.
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08:26
Some of us just get to spend a lot more of our lives practicing it.
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ื•ื—ืœืงื ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื›ืš ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื—ืจื™ื.
ื•ืื–, ื‘ืžืงืจื” --
08:31
And then occasionally --
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08:32
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
08:34
you get a miracle like "Hamilton,"
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ื ื•ืฆืจ ื”ื ืก ื”ื–ื”, ื”"ื”ืžื™ืœื˜ื•ืŸ",
08:36
Lin-Manuel's extraordinary retelling of the foundational story of this country
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ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื ืคืœื ืฉืœ ืœื™ืŸ-ืžื ื•ืืœ ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื™ื™ืกื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื–ืืช
08:42
through the eyes of the only Founding Father who was a bastard immigrant orphan
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ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ ื”ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื”ื’ืจ ื™ืชื•ื ื•ืžืžื–ืจ
08:47
from the West Indies.
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ืžืื™ื™ ื”ื•ื“ื• ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช.
ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืขืฉื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืืช ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืฉื™ื™ืงืกืคื™ืจ.
08:49
And what Lin was doing
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08:50
is exactly what Shakespeare was doing.
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08:53
He was taking the voice of the people, the language of the people,
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ื”ื•ื ืœืงื— ืืช ืงื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื, ืืช ืฉืคืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื,
08:57
elevating it into verse,
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ื”ืขืœื” ืื•ืชื ืœืจืžืช ื”ื—ืจื™ื–ื”,
09:00
and by doing so,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื”ืงื ื” ืืฆื™ืœื•ืช ืœืฉืคื”
09:01
ennobling the language
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09:03
and ennobling the people who spoke the language.
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ื•ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืคื” ื–ื•.
09:06
And by casting that show entirely with a cast of black and brown people,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื™ื”ืง ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืฆื’ื” ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ ื•ื—ื•ืžื™ ืขื•ืจ,
09:11
what Lin was saying to us,
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ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื•
ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื—ื™ื” ื‘ื ื•
09:14
he was reviving in us
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09:16
our greatest aspirations for the United States,
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ืืช ืฉืื™ืคื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžืขืŸ ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช,
09:20
our better angels of America,
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ืืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ ืžืœืื›ื™ื ื• ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ื™ื,
09:22
our sense of what this country could be,
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ืืช ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื“ืžื•ืชื” ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื–ืืช,
ืืช ื”ื”ื›ืœืœื” ืฉืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืœื‘ ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™.
09:25
the inclusion that was at the heart of the American Dream.
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09:29
And it unleashed a wave of patriotism in me
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ื•ื–ื” ืขื•ืจืจ ื’ืœ ืฉืœ ืคื˜ืจื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ ื•ื‘ืงื”ืœ ืฉืœื ื•,
09:33
and in our audience,
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ื•ืชื™ืื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•.
09:35
the appetite for which is proving to be insatiable.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ืš ืฆื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืืกื™ื™ื,
09:40
But there was another side to that, and it's where I want to end,
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™.
09:43
and it's the last story I want to talk about.
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ื—ืœืงื›ื ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืžืขืชื ืฉืกื’ืŸ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจ, ืคื ืก,
09:45
Some of you may have heard that Vice President-elect Pence
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ื‘ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘"ื”ืžื™ืœื˜ื•ืŸ" ื‘ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง.
09:48
came to see "Hamilton" in New York.
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09:50
And when he came in, some of my fellow New Yorkers booed him.
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื›ื ืก, ืื—ื“ื™ื ืžืื—ื™ ื”ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืงืจื™ื ืงืจืื• ืœืขื‘ืจื• ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื•ื–.
ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, ื›ืžื” ื™ืคื”:
09:55
And beautifully, he said,
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09:56
"That's what freedom sounds like."
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"ื›ื›ื” ื ืฉืžืขืช ื—ื™ืจื•ืช."
09:59
And at the end of the show,
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื”ืฆื’ื”,
ื”ืงืจืื ื• ืžืขืœ ื”ื‘ืžื” ืžื” ืฉืœื“ืขืชื™ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ืช ืžืื“,
10:01
we read what I feel was a very respectful statement from the stage,
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10:04
and Vice President-elect Pence listened to it,
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ื•ืกื’ืŸ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจ, ืคื ืก, ื”ืื–ื™ืŸ ืœื”,
10:07
but it sparked a certain amount of outrage, a tweetstorm,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ืชื” ื–ืขื ืžืกื•ื™ื, ืกืขืจืช ืฆื™ื•ืฆื™ื,
10:11
and also an internet boycott of "Hamilton"
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ื•ื’ื ื—ืจื ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ ืขืœ "ื”ืžื™ืœื˜ื•ืŸ"
ืžืฆื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื–ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœื“ืขืชื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื ื• ืืœื™ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืกืจ-ื›ื‘ื•ื“.
10:15
from outraged people who had felt we had treated him with disrespect.
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10:20
I looked at that boycott and I said, we're getting something wrong here.
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืจื ื•ืืžืจืชื™, ืื ื• ื˜ื•ืขื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืžืฉื”ื•.
ื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ืชืžื• ืขืœ ืขืฆื•ืžืช ื”ื—ืจื
10:24
All of these people who have signed this boycott petition,
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10:27
they were never going to see "Hamilton" anyway.
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ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื™ืฆืคื• ื‘"ื”ืžื™ืœื˜ื•ืŸ".
10:30
It was never going to come to a city near them.
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ื”ื”ืฆื’ื” ืœื ืชื’ื™ืข ืœืขื™ืจ ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืืœื™ื”ื.
10:32
If it could come, they couldn't afford a ticket,
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ื•ืื ื›ืŸ, ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื›ืกืฃ ืœื›ืจื˜ื™ืก,
ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื›ืกืฃ ืœื›ืจื˜ื™ืก, ื”ื ืœื ืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง
10:35
and if they could afford a ticket, they didn't have the connections
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10:38
to get that ticket.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก.
10:40
They weren't boycotting us;
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ื”ื ืœื ื”ื—ืจื™ืžื• ืื•ืชื ื•;
ืื ื• ื”ื—ืจืžื ื• ืื•ืชื.
10:43
we had boycotted them.
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ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ืžืคืช ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘,
10:46
And if you look at the red and blue electoral map of the United States,
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10:50
and if I were to tell you,
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ื•ืื™ืœื• ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื›ื,
10:51
"Oh, the blue is what designates
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"ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืœื›"ืจื™ื ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื,"
10:53
all of the major nonprofit cultural institutions,"
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10:56
I'd be telling you the truth.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืืžืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืœื™.
10:58
You'd believe me.
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10:59
We in the culture have done exactly what the economy,
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ืื ื•, ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ื ื”ื’ื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”,
ื›ืžื• ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื›ืžื• ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
11:04
what the educational system, what technology has done,
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11:07
which is turn our back on a large part of the country.
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ื•ื”ืคื ื™ื ื• ืขื•ืจืฃ ืœื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื–ืืช.
ืื– ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื›ืœืœื” ืžื•ื›ืจื—ื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš.
11:12
So this idea of inclusion, it has to keep going.
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ื‘ืกืชื™ื• ื”ื‘ื ืื ื• ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืœืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ืคืขื•ืช
11:15
Next fall, we are sending out on tour
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ื”ืคืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ื–ื” ื”ืžื‘ืจื™ืง ื–ื•ื›ื” ื”"ืคื•ืœื™ืฆืจ" ืฉืœ ืœื™ืŸ ื ื•ื˜ื’', "ื–ื™ืขื”".
11:18
a production of Lynn Nottage's brilliant, Pulitzer Prize-winning play "Sweat."
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11:23
Years of research in Redding, Pennsylvania led her to write this play
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ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ืจื“ื™ื ื’ ืฉื‘ืคื ืกื™ืœื‘ื ื™ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื” ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื—ื–ื” ื–ื”
11:27
about the deindustrialization of Pennsylvania:
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ืขืœ ื”ืจืก ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื‘ืคื ืกื™ืœื‘ื ื™ื”:
ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื›ืฉืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืคืœื“ื” ืขื–ื‘ื”,
11:31
what happened when steel left,
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11:33
the rage that was unleashed,
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ื”ื–ืขื ืฉื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ,
ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืคืจืฆื•,
11:36
the tensions that were unleashed,
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11:37
the racism that was unleashed
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ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจื”
ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
11:40
by the loss of jobs.
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11:41
We're taking that play and we're touring it
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ืื ื• ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื—ื–ื” ื”ื–ื” ืœืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ืคืขื•ืช
11:44
to rural counties in Pennsylvania,
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ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืช ื”ื›ืคืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคื ืกื™ืœื‘ื ื™ื”,
11:47
Ohio, Michigan,
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ืื•ื”ื™ื•, ืžื™ืฉื™ื’ืŸ,
ืžื™ื ืกื•ื˜ื” ื•-ื•ื•ื™ืกืงื•ื ืกื™ืŸ.
11:50
Minnesota and Wisconsin.
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11:52
We're partnering with community organizations there to try and make sure
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ืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื ืฉื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—
11:56
not only that we reach the people that we're trying to reach,
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ืฉืœื ืจืง ื ื’ื™ืข ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข,
12:00
but that we find ways to listen to them back
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ืืœื ืฉื ืžืฆื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื”ื
12:03
and say, "The culture is here for you, too."
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ื•ืœื•ืžืจ, "ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื”ื ื” ื’ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื."
12:07
Because --
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ื›ื™ --
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
12:09
(Applause)
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12:11
we in the culture industry,
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ืœื ื•, ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช,
12:13
we in the theater,
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ื‘ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ,
12:15
have no right to say that we don't know what our job is.
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื”ื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื•.
12:19
It's in the DNA of our art form.
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ื–ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ื "ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
12:21
Our job "... is to hold up, as 'twere, a mirror to nature;
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ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื• "...ืœื”ืฆื™ื‘ ืžืจืื” ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข,
"ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœืจึถืฉืข ืืช ืคืจืฆื•ืคื•,
12:26
to show scorn her image,
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12:28
to show virtue her appearance,
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"ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœึทื˜ื•ื‘ ืืช ืงืœืกืชืจื•
" ื•ืœื“ื•ืจ ื›ื•ืœื• ืืช ืฆื•ืจืชื• ื•ื—ื•ืชืžื•."
12:32
and the very age its form and pressure."
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12:35
Our job is to try to hold up a vision to America
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ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ืขื™ื ื™ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื—ื–ื™ื•ืŸ
12:39
that shows not only who all of us are individually,
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ืฉืœื ืจืง ื™ืจืื” ืžื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ื•ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื•,
12:43
but that welds us back into the commonality that we need to be,
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ืืœื ื’ื ื™ื’ื‘ืฉ ืื•ืชื ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื•ื•ืช,
ืœืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช,
12:48
the sense of unity,
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12:49
the sense of whole,
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ืœืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉืœื,
12:51
the sense of who we are as a country.
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ืœืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื–ื”ื•ืชื ื• ื›ืืจืฅ ืื—ืช.
12:54
That's what the theater is supposed to do,
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ.
12:57
and that's what we need to try to do as well as we can.
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12:59
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
13:01
(Applause)
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ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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