The punishable perils of plagiarism - Melissa Huseman D'Annunzio

对抄袭处罚的危险 - Melissa Huseman D'Annunzio

Transcriber: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Jessica Ruby

翻译人员: Catherine Gu 校对人员: Binglei Shea

Welcome to the Department of Plagiarism Investigation.

欢迎光临抄袭调查部。

The D.P.I. has dealt with numerous complex cases

抄袭调查部已经处理了许多复杂的案件，

in their effort to bring plagiarists to justice

努力使剽窃者绳之以法

and to rescue purloined texts.

来保全被盗取的文本。

The first form of plagiarism

抄袭调查部

that the D.P.I. regularly encounters

经常遇到的一种抄袭是

is known as brain child snatching,

剽窃想法

in honor of the Latin word, plagiarius,

抄袭这个词起源于拉丁语的plagiarius

from which plagiarism originates.

来纪念这个拉丁词汇。

Brain child snatchers sneak up on innocent papers

剽窃别人想法的人偷袭无辜的论文，

and copy and paste them

复制并粘贴这些论文，

without citing any sources,

不注明出处，

putting quotation marks around direct quotes

不加引号直接引用，

or changing a word.

或连词都不换。

They've also been known to steal and hold

他们还因剽窃并持有

particularly eloquent essays for ransom.

特别有说服力的论文来换钱而出名。

When brain child snatchers get together,

剽窃别人想法的人凑到一起时

they form a kidnapping ring,

就形成了一个剽窃圈

which involves brain child snatching

涉及从多种资源

from multiple sources.

进行抄袭。

Some perpetrators have even been known

一些肇事者甚至以进行

to commit self-plagiarism,

自我剽窃而出名。

one of the laziest crimes in the annals of the D.P.I.

自我剽窃是抄袭调查部史册上一种最懒惰的罪行，

Also known as one-sided collaborators,

也被称为是片面的合作者。

these odd balls snatch up entire texts

这些奇怪抄袭者抢夺了整个文本

or small passages that they've written before

或把他们以前写过的小的段落

and present them as brand-new material.

作为全新材料来使用。

Brain child snatchers and kidnapping rings

抄袭别人想法的人和剽窃圈

are easy for the D.P.I. to catch.

容易被抄袭调查部抓到。

Just paste a few passages into a search engine,

只要在搜索引擎上粘贴几个段落

and BAM!

They're caught red-handed.

进行查找，

他们就会被逮个正着！

The more covert forms of plagiarism

更加隐蔽的抄袭形式

include the wild goose chase technique,

包括到处乱抄。

in which plagiarists create fake authors,

剽窃者创建假的作者，

book titles,

假的书名，

page numbers,

假的页号，

or other information

或其它假的信息

in order to cover up plagiarism.

为的是掩盖剽窃。

And the old synonym switcheroo

剽窃者利用词库

in which plagiarists utilize a thesaurus

把旧的同义词调包

as their main weapon.

作为他们的主要武器。

By substituting a synonym

靠把文件中的几乎每个词

for nearly every word in the document

都用同义词替换，

and leaving the sentence structure

保留句子结构，

and order of the ideas the same,

想法顺序相同。

plagiarists give legitimate paraphrasing

剽窃者给合法的释译起了

a very bad name.

一个很坏的名字。

Shoddy paraphrasing is also a key part

以次充好的释译，在烟幕的变化下，

of variations on a smokescreen,

也是一个重要的组成部分。

a technique in which multiple passages

用这种方法转述

are paraphrased,

多个段落

then pasted together into one.

然后再粘贴到一起成为一个段落。

The thorniest issue that the D.P.I. deals with

抄袭调查部处理的最棘手的问题

is the misconception

是误解。

that you can never be accused of plagiarism

因为你永远无法被指责抄袭，

if you use quotes and cite your sources.

如果你加了引号并注出出处。

This is most certainly not the case

因为一篇由别人一段一段想法

because a paper that is made up

构成的论文

of passage upon passage of other people's ideas

肯定不是这样的。

is known as a wholly quotable document.

它是一个全可引用的文件。

This is considered plagiarism

这被看做是抄袭

since there are no original thoughts in the work.

因为论文中没有作者的原创思想。

Similarly, passage after passage

同样，一段接一段

of too closely paraphrased text from multiple cited sources

从多个资源引用的转述改动不大的文本

is also plagiarism of the pervasively paraphrased kind

也是普遍转述的一种剽窃。

because the ideas still aren't one's own.

因为想法依然不是自己的。

And lastly, the technique of revealing while concealing

最后，既隐瞒又揭示的方法

is plagiarism because it involves selective amnesia

也是抄袭因为它涉及选择性失忆。

regarding one's sources

从来源看，

in an attempt to cover up wholly quotable

企图掩盖一篇文章全部引用

and pervasively paraphrased issues in a text.

和部分引用文本的问题。

Some passages are meticulously documented,

有些段落都认真记录在案，

quoted,

被引用，

or paraphrased,

或被转述。

while others are presented entirely as one's own.

而另一些人则完全是作为他们自己。

As you can see, the D.P.I. has its hands full,

正如你可以看到的那样抄袭调查部已经忙不过来，

tackling all sorts of academic mischief and mayhem,

解决各种学术破坏和伤亡的

ranging from the petty to the outrageous.

范围从微不足道到离谱。

Given the gravity of these transgressions,

鉴于这些越轨行为的严重性，

you might be wondering why you've never heard

你可能会奇怪，为什么你从来没有听说过

of the Department of Plagiarism Investigation's victories.

抄袭调查部的胜利。

That's because it doesn't technically exist.

这是因为它在技术上是不存在的。

But people, like you and me, can be our own D.P.I. agents

但是，人们像你和我一样，是我们自己的抄袭调查部代理

to fight plagiarism

来打击抄袭

and uphold the values of original thinking.

并坚持原创思维的价值。

We know that the best defense against plagiarism

我们知道，反对抄袭最好的防御

consists of writers who save themselves

就是作家自己。

time, worry, and effort

作家可使自己省时，省心，省力地

by taking the far easier road

走更容易的道路，

of just doing the work themselves.

就靠自己来做这项工作。