The punishable perils of plagiarism - Melissa Huseman D'Annunzio

Transcriber: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Jessica Ruby

譯者: Tsai 蔡 Dora 宜蓁 審譯者: 瑞文Eleven 林Lim

Welcome to the Department of Plagiarism Investigation.

歡迎來到抄襲調查部

The D.P.I. has dealt with numerous complex cases

在抄襲調查部的努力之下 已經處理了許多複雜的案件

in their effort to bring plagiarists to justice

將抄襲者繩之以法

and to rescue purloined texts.

並搶救盜取文本

The first form of plagiarism

抄襲調查部

that the D.P.I. regularly encounters

經常遇到的一種抄襲

is known as brain child snatching,

被稱為想法抄襲

in honor of the Latin word, plagiarius,

為了紀念拉丁語 plagiarius

from which plagiarism originates.

這是抄襲這個字的原型

Brain child snatchers sneak up on innocent papers

想法抄襲者偷襲無辜的文件

and copy and paste them

將它們複製並公開

without citing any sources,

而且沒有標記任何的來源

putting quotation marks around direct quotes

不加引號就直接引用

or changing a word.

或未更改一個字

They've also been known to steal and hold

還知道他們因偷竊和持有

particularly eloquent essays for ransom.

特別有說服力的文章來換取贖金

When brain child snatchers get together,

當想法抄襲者聚在一起時

they form a kidnapping ring,

便組成了一個綁架圈

which involves brain child snatching

涉及多個來源的想法抄襲

from multiple sources.

Some perpetrators have even been known

已知有些犯罪者甚至

to commit self-plagiarism,

從事自主抄襲

one of the laziest crimes in the annals of the D.P.I.

這是在抄襲調查部 史上最懶的犯罪之一

Also known as one-sided collaborators,

又稱為片面的合作者

these odd balls snatch up entire texts

這些奇怪的人搶奪了整個文本

or small passages that they've written before

或將他們已經寫好的小段落

and present them as brand-new material.

來做為他們目前全新的素材

Brain child snatchers and kidnapping rings

想法抄襲者和綁架圈

are easy for the D.P.I. to catch.

很容易被抄襲調查部抓到

Just paste a few passages into a search engine,

只要黏貼幾個段落到搜索引擎上

and BAM!

They're caught red-handed.

然後搜索！

他們就會以現行犯被逮補

The more covert forms of plagiarism

更加隱蔽的抄襲形式

include the wild goose chase technique,

包括「野鵝追逐手法」

in which plagiarists create fake authors,

抄襲者創造假作者

book titles,

假書名

page numbers,

假頁碼

or other information

或其他假的資訊

in order to cover up plagiarism.

來掩蓋抄襲

And the old synonym switcheroo

抄襲者利用詞庫

in which plagiarists utilize a thesaurus

把舊的同義詞變化

as their main weapon.

來作為他們的主要武器

By substituting a synonym

靠在文件中幾乎每一個字

for nearly every word in the document

都用同義詞替換

and leaving the sentence structure

留下句子結構

and order of the ideas the same,

和相同的想法順序

plagiarists give legitimate paraphrasing

抄襲者給合法的釋義

a very bad name.

一個很糟糕的名字

Shoddy paraphrasing is also a key part

偽劣的意譯在煙幕的變化下

of variations on a smokescreen,

也是一個重要的組成部分

a technique in which multiple passages

利用轉述多個段落

are paraphrased,

then pasted together into one.

再黏貼成一個的手法

The thorniest issue that the D.P.I. deals with

抄襲調查部處理過最棘手的問題

is the misconception

是誤解

that you can never be accused of plagiarism

如果你使用引號和引用你的來源

if you use quotes and cite your sources.

就永遠不會被指抄襲

This is most certainly not the case

你就錯了

because a paper that is made up

因為拿別人的想法一段段

of passage upon passage of other people's ideas

建立的文件

is known as a wholly quotable document.

被稱為「全引用」的文檔

This is considered plagiarism

這被認為是抄襲

since there are no original thoughts in the work.

因為在文章中沒有原始的想法。

Similarly, passage after passage

同樣地，一段接一段

of too closely paraphrased text from multiple cited sources

從多個引用來源改寫不多的文本

is also plagiarism of the pervasively paraphrased kind

也算普遍改寫的抄襲的一種

because the ideas still aren't one's own.

因為仍然不是自己的想法

And lastly, the technique of revealing while concealing

最後，揭示卻又隱瞞的方法也是抄襲

is plagiarism because it involves selective amnesia

因為它涉及對來源的

regarding one's sources

選擇性失憶

in an attempt to cover up wholly quotable

企圖掩蓋文本裡全引用

and pervasively paraphrased issues in a text.

和普遍意譯問題

Some passages are meticulously documented,

有些段落都詳細記錄

quoted,

引用

or paraphrased,

或意譯

while others are presented entirely as one's own.

而其他則完全顯示為自己的

As you can see, the D.P.I. has its hands full,

正如你所看到的 抄襲調查部忙得不可開交

tackling all sorts of academic mischief and mayhem,

處理各種學術的悖行與混亂

ranging from the petty to the outrageous.

鉅細靡遺

Given the gravity of these transgressions,

有鑑於這些違法行為的嚴重性

you might be wondering why you've never heard

你也許會覺得奇怪 為何之前從未聽聞

of the Department of Plagiarism Investigation's victories.

抄襲調查部的事蹟

That's because it doesn't technically exist.

這是因為它在技術上不存在

But people, like you and me, can be our own D.P.I. agents

但每個人，包括你我 都可以是抄襲調查部代理

to fight plagiarism

都能擊退抄襲

and uphold the values of original thinking.

並維護原創思維的價值

We know that the best defense against plagiarism

我們知道，抵抗抄襲最好的方法

consists of writers who save themselves

就是作者們省去抄襲的時間

time, worry, and effort

心思和精力

by taking the far easier road

of just doing the work themselves.

就是靠自己來創作