A 5,300-year-old murder mystery - Albert Zink

Translator: Mustafo Azizxonov Reviewer: Nazarbek Nazarov

On September 19th, 1991, two hikers traversing the Ötzal Alps

1991-yil 19-sentyabrda Otzal Alp tog’larini kesib o’tayotgan ikki sayyoh

on the border of Austria and Italy discovered a corpse emerging from the ice.

Avstriya va Italiya chegarasida muzdan chiqqan jasadni topishdi.

Researchers soon realized they weren’t looking at the victim

Tadqiqotchilar tezda qurbonni o`rganilmaganini angladi

of a recent climbing accident, as initially assumed,

yaqinda bo’lgan baxtsiz hodisa, dastlab taxmin qilinganidek,

but the mummified body of a man who’d lived about 5,300 years ago,

lekin insonning mumiyalangan tanasi taxminan 5300 yil oldin yashagan,

who they came to call Ötzi the Iceman.

ular Otsini muzlik deb atay boshlashdi.

One early theory for Ötzi’s alpine death was that he was a local shepherd or hunter

Ötzining alp tog’larida o’limi haqidagi dastlabki nazariyalardan biri u mahalliy

who got caught in bad weather and froze.

cho’pon yoki ovchi, yomon ob-havoga tushib qolib ketgan.

However, a shocking discovery eventually revealed his true cause of death

Ammo, bu shok tadqiqot uning asl o`limini oxiri fosh etdi

and upended his story.

va uning hikoyasini kuchaytirdi

So, what do we know about Ötzi?

Xosh, Otzi haqida nima bilamiz?

And how did he die?

Va u qanday qilib o`lgan?

Over the millennia, the Alpine cold and sun protected Ötzi’s body

Minglab yillar davomida, Alp sovuqlari va Quyosh nuri Otzining tanasini

from decomposition, freezing and drying it out in cycles,

parchalanishdan, uni muzlash va qurishdan himoyalagan

and leaving critical clues for researchers.

va tadqiqotchilarga mantiqiy kalitlarni qoldirgan.

Ötzi was about 160 centimeters tall, weighed some 50 kilograms,

Otzi taxminan 160 santimetr baland, 50 kilogramm bo`lgan

and died between 40- and 50-years-old.

va 40-50 yoshlarda vafot etgan.

He led an active life but had a strong genetic predisposition

U faol hayot kechirgan, lekin yurak-qon

for cardiovascular diseases.

kasalliklarga kuchli moyil bo`lgan.

His intestines were also parasitized by whipworms

Uning ichaklari ham parazitlik qilgan qamchi qurtlari tomonidan

and his stomach contained ulcer-causing bacteria,

va uning oshqozonida yara bakteriyalar bor edi,

all of which might have caused some unpleasant symptoms.

bularning barchasi sabab bo’lishi mumkin ba’zi noxush alomatlar.

He died hundreds of years before Stonehenge and the Great Pyramid

U Buyuk Piramidalar va Stounhenjdan, mil.avv 3350 yil oldin qurilgan,

were constructed, around 3350 BCE.

yuz yillar oldin vafot etgan.

Ötzi lived during the late Neolithic Copper Age,

Otzi kech Neolitic mis davrida yashagan,

when metal extraction and crafting practices

metalni qayta ishlash va hunarmandchilik

were spreading throughout Eurasia.

EuroOsiyo bo`ylab tarqalayotgan paytda.

Indeed, along with stone arrowheads and knives,

Darhaqiqat, tosh o`qlar va pichoqlar orasida,

Ötzi carried an axe made of copper from what is now Tuscany.

Otzi hozirdagi Toskanadagi misli boltani olib yurgan.

Swaths of his clothing were made of sheep and goat leather,

Uning kiyimlari qo`y va echki terisidan tikilgan,

and his diet included cultivated grains,

va uning ratsioni yetishtirilgan donlardan bo`lgan

all of which suggested that Ötzi’s people relied on certain domesticated animals

bular Otzining odamlari qo`lga o`rgatilgan hayvonlarga va

and crops.

ekinlarga tayangan.

And when researchers inspected Ötzi’s skin

Va tadqiqodchilar Otzining terisini

with light ranging from infrared to UV,

ultrabinafcha nuri bilan organayotganda,

they found a total of 61 tattoos.

ular jami 61 ta tatatuirovka topishdi.

Interestingly, the markings corresponded with areas of Ötzi’s body

Qiziqarlisi, belgilar Otzining og`iqni his qilgan joylariga

where he probably experienced pain,

to`gri keldi,

like from degeneration observed in his knees, ankles, and spine.

kuzatilgan degeneratsiya kabi tizzalari, to’piqlari va umurtqa pog’onasida.

Researchers think that the tattoos might have been intended as treatment—

Tadqiqodchilar tatuirovkalar davolash o`rnida qo`llanilgan deb o`ylashdi,

perhaps an early form of acupuncture.

ehtimol akupunkturning dastlabki shaklidir.

Close scrutiny also clarified the circumstances of Ötzi’s death—

Yaqindan tekshirish Otzining o`limi holarlarini aniqladi-

and led to a tantalizing prehistoric murder mystery.

va hayratlanarli qotillik siri tarixdan oldingi davrga olib keldi.

A decade into studying Ötzi, a CT scan picked up a crucial detail:

Otzini o`rganishdagi 10 yil, CT skaner muhim ahamiyatga ega detallarni aniqladi:

there was a flint arrowhead lodged in Ötzi’s left shoulder.

Otzining chap yelkasida chaqmoqtoshtan bo`lgan o`q bor edi.

Soon enough, researchers started piecing Ötzi’s final days together.

Ko’p o’tmay, tadqiqotchilar Ötzining so’nggi kunlarini birlashtira boshladilar.

A deep cut wound on Ötzi’s hand showed initial signs of healing

Otzining qo’lida chuqur kesilgan yara shifoning dastlabki belgilarini ko’rsatdi

and must have occurred just days before his death.

va o’limidan bir necha kun oldin sodir bo’lishi kerak edi.

It was likely a defensive wound which indicated that Ötzi was attacked

Ehtimol, bu mudofaa jarohati Ötzi hujumga uchraganligini ko’rsatishi mumkin.

with a sharp blade but fought back and survived.

o’tkir pichoq bilan, lekin qarshilik ko’rsatdi va omon qoldi.

Ötzi may have dressed the wound with bog moss,

Ötzi yaralarni botqoq moxi bilan boylashi mumkin edi.

which has antiseptic properties and was found with his remains.

Bu antiseptik xususiyatlarga ega bo’lgan va uning qolishlari bilan topilgan.

Meanwhile, the types and location of pollen in Ötzi’s digestive tract

Ötzi ichak traktidagi pollen turlari va joylashuvi esa

indicated that it was spring or early summer

Bu bahor yoki ilkin kuzgi kunlarga ishora qilgan

and that his last three days were hectic.

va uning oxirgi uch kuni ham jonsarak bo’lib o’tgan edi.

Ötzi seemed to be fleeing something.

Ötzi biror narsadan qochayotgan ko’rinardi.

About 33 hours before his death,

Taxminan o`limidan 33 soat oldin,

Ötzi was at an altitude of around 2,500 meters,

Otzi deyarli 2500 metr balandlikda bo`lgan,

near the timber line.

yog’ochlar yaqinida.

Then, approximately 24 hours later,

Keyin, taxminan 24 soat o`tgach,

he descended to at least 1,200 meters, to a zone of warmth-loving trees.

u 1200 metrga, iliq havo sevuchi daraxtlar hududiga tushdi.

In his final hours, Ötzi reached an altitude of around 3,000 meters

Uning oxirgi soatlarida u 3000 metr balandlikchacha yetdi

where grasses, sedges, and certain wildflowers dominated.

qayerda o’tlar, o’tlar, va ayrim yovvoyi gullar ustunlik qilgan joylarga.

His last meal included a large helping of dried wild ibex, roe deer, and grains.

Uning oxirgi taomi quritilgan yovvoyi choʻchqa, elik va donlardan iborat edi.

Then, despite Ötzi’s apparent efforts to escape the conflict,

Keyin, Ötzining ziddiyatdan qochish uchun zo`r harakatlariga qaramay,

someone at a distant vantage shot him from behind.

kimdir uzoqda orqasidan otib tashladi.

The arrow pierced a major artery and embedded itself in his left shoulder,

O’q katta arteriyani teshdi va chap yelkasiga o’tirdi,

causing extensive blood loss.

qon yo`qotishga sabab bo`ldi.

Ötzi probably died soon after,

Otzi ehtimol keyinchalik o`lgan

his remains and all his belongings left undisturbed in the glacier for millennia.

uning hamma qoldiqlari va narsalari ming yillar muzlikda bezovta qilinmagan.

This 5,300-year-old cold case has offered invaluable glimpses into the distant past.

Bu 5300 yillik sovuq uzoq o‘tmishga bebaho nigohlar ishni taklif qildi.

But the mystery of who exactly Ötzi was and why he was killed

Lekin Otzining aniq kimligi va uni kim o`ldirganining siri

will probably never be solved—

ehtimol hech qachon yechilmaydi -

the tangible evidence for the act degraded and carried away,

harakatning aniq dalillari buzilgan va olib ketilgan,

lost to snow drifts long ago.

uzoq vaqt oldin qor ko’chkilarida yo’qolgan.