When to use apostrophes - Laura McClure

Kada se koriste apostrofi? - Lora Maklur (Laura McClure)

1,155,007 views ・ 2015-07-27

TED-Ed


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Prevodilac: Tijana Mihajlović Lektor: Ivana Krivokuća
00:08
Is it a flying comma, or a quotation mark chopped in half?
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Da li je to leteći zarez ili navodnik presečen na pola?
00:13
Either way, you may already be well-versed in how to use the apostrophe,
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Šta god da je, može biti da ste već uvežbali
kako da koristite apostrof,
00:17
but here's a quick refresher on its usage.
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ali evo kratkog podsećanja kako da ga koristite.
00:20
The apostrophe can be used in three ways:
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Apostrof se može koristiti na tri načina:
00:23
to mark possession,
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da označi pripadnost,
00:25
to mark contraction,
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da označi skraćivanje,
00:27
to mark the plural of single letters.
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da označi množinu pojedinačnih slova.
00:31
Most of the time, if you see an apostrophe hovering helpfully near a word,
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U većini slučajeva, ako vidite apostrof kako uslužno lebdi u blizini reči,
00:35
it's trying to mark possession or contraction.
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pokušava da označi pripadnost ili skraćivanje.
00:38
First, let's look at how the apostrophe marks possession.
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Kao prvo, pogledajmo kako apostrofi označavaju pripadnost.
00:42
As you can see, the placement of this punctuation mark
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Kao što vidite, postavljanje ovog znaka interpunkcije
00:45
can really change the meaning of a sentence.
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zaista može da promeni značenje rečenice.
00:49
"Those robots in the sand are my sister's."
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„Oni roboti u pesku pripadaju mojoj sestri."
00:52
"Those robots in the sand are my sisters.'"
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„Oni roboti u pesku pripadaju mojim sestrama."
00:56
"Those robots in the sand are my sisters."
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„Oni roboti u pesku su moje sestre."
01:00
When showing possession, the apostrophe belongs next to the noun
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Kada označava pripadnost, apostrof se stavlja pored imenice
01:04
that owns or possesses something.
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koja ima ili poseduje nešto.
01:07
The noun can be singular or plural.
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Imenica može biti u jednini ili množini.
01:09
Proper nouns work, too.
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To važi i za vlastite imenice.
01:12
So if Lucy needs to get her robots under control before they cause mayhem,
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Ako Lusi treba da stavi pod kontrolu svoje robote
pre nego što izazovu katastrofu,
01:16
those dangerous creatures would be "Lucy's robots."
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ova opasna stvorenja biće ,,Lusini roboti".
Međutim, šta ako je Lusi Lukas?
01:20
But what if Lucy was Lucas?
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01:22
Would we write "Lucas' robots" or "Lucas's robots"?
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Hoćemo li napisati Lukasovi kao ,,Lucas'" ili ,,Lucas's" roboti?
01:26
And what if Lucas gave his robots to the Robinsons family?
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Šta ako je Lukas dao svoje robote porodici Robinsons?
01:30
Would it be "The Robinsons' robots," or "The Robinsons's robots"?
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Da li će to biti „the Robinsons'" ili „the Robinsons's" roboti?
Istina je, čak se i zagriženi gramatičari ne slažu šta je ispravna stvar za uraditi.
01:35
The truth is, even grammar nerds disagree on the right thing to do.
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Upotreba ,,'s" posle vlastite imenice sa slovom ,,s" na kraju je pitanje stila,
01:40
The use of 's after a proper noun ending in s is a style issue,
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a ne čvrsto i rigidno gramatičko pravilo.
01:46
not a hard and fast grammar rule.
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To je zagonetka bez jednostavnog odgovora.
01:48
It's a conundrum without a simple answer.
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Profesionalni pisci rešavaju ovaj problem usvajanjem onoga što se smatra ispravnim
01:51
Professional writers solve this problem by learning what's considered correct
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01:54
for a publication, and doing that.
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u izdavaštvu i primenjivanjem istog.
Važna stvar je odabrati jedan stil
01:57
The important thing is to pick one style
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01:59
and stick with it throughout a piece of writing.
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i držati se toga kroz pisanje celokupnog rada.
Još jedan trik.
02:03
One more wrinkle.
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02:04
Certain pronouns already have possession built in
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Neke zamenice već imaju ugrađenu pripadnost
02:07
and don't need an apostrophe.
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i ne treba im apostrof.
Ako to zapamtite, moći ćete da izbegnete
02:10
Remembering that will help you avoid one of the trickiest snags in English grammar:
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jednu od najnezgodnijih začkoljica u engleskoj gramatici:
02:14
its vs. it's.
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„its" ili „it's".
„It's" ima apostrof samo kada je skraćenica od „it is" ili „it has".
02:17
"It's" only take an apostrophe when it's a contraction for "it is" or "it has."
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02:22
If you can replace "it's" with one of those two phrases,
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Ako možete da ga zamenite jednom od ove dve fraze,
02:25
use the apostrophe.
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koristite apostrof.
02:27
If you're showing possession, leave it out.
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Ako označavate pripadnost, izostavite ga.
02:30
Otherwise, contractions are pretty straightforward.
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U ostalim slučajevima, skraćenice su prilično jednostavne.
02:33
The apostrophe stands in for missing letters,
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Apostrof zamenjuje slova koja nedostaju
02:36
and lets common phrases squash into a single word.
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i dozvoljava da se uobičajene fraze spoje u jednu reč.
U retkim slučajevima, možete imati duplo skraćivanje,
02:40
In rare cases, you can have a double contraction,
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iako to generalno nije prihvaćeno u pisanju,
02:43
though those generally aren't accepted in writing,
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02:46
with the exception of dialogue.
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sa izuzetkom dijaloga.
02:48
So it's possessive, it's often followed by s's,
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Dakle, označava pripadnost, često ga prate „s" slova
i može biti nezgodan kada se koristi.
02:52
and it's sometimes tricky when it comes to its usage.
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02:56
It's the apostrophe.
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To je apostrof.
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