Why should you read "Don Quixote"? - Ilan Stavans

2,853,526 views ・ 2018-10-08

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Soyun Cho κ²€ν† : Sooha Ahn
00:10
Mounting his skinny steed,
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비쩍 마λ₯Έ 말을 탄 주인곡 λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…Œκ°€
00:11
the protagonist of Don Quixote
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00:13
charges an army of giants.
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거인ꡰ을 ν–₯ν•΄ λŒκ²©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:16
In his eyes, it is his duty
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κ·Έκ°€ νŒλ‹¨ν•˜κΈ°μ—
μžμ‹ μ˜ μž„λ¬΄λŠ” 거인ꡰ을 무찌λ₯΄λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
to vanquish these behemoths
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00:20
in the name of his beloved lady, Dulcinea.
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그의 연인 λ ˆμ΄λ”” λ‘˜μ‹œλ„€μ•„μ˜ λͺ…μ˜ˆλ₯Ό 지킀기 μœ„ν•΄μ„œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:24
However, this act of valor is ill conceived.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 이 μš©κ°ν•œ 행동은 μ‹œμž‘λΆ€ν„° ν‹€λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
As his squire Sancho Panza explains to him
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μ’…μžμΈ μ‚°μ΄ˆ νŒμ‚¬κ°€ μ—°κ±°ν‘Έ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λ“―이
00:31
time and again, these aren’t giants;
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이듀은 거인이 μ•„λ‹Œ
00:34
they are merely windmills.
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풍차일 λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
Don Quixote is undeterred,
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λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…ŒλŠ” ν¬κΈ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ,
00:38
but his piercing lance
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그의 λ‚ μΉ΄λ‘œμš΄ 창은
00:39
is soon caught in their sails.
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이내 ν’μ°¨μ˜ λ‚ κ°œμ— κ±Έλ € κΊΎμ—¬λ²„λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:42
Never discouraged,
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κ·ΈλŠ” κ²°μ½” λ‹¨λ…ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ ,
00:44
the knight stands proudly, and becomes
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μœ„ν’λ‹Ήλ‹Ήνžˆ μΌμ–΄μ„œμ„œ
00:46
even more convinced of his mission.
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더 큰 사λͺ…감을 ν’ˆκ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
This sequence encapsulates
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이 μž₯면은 λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…Œκ°€ λ§Žμ€ μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ‚¬λž‘λ°›λŠ” 이유λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:52
much of what is loved about Don Quixote,
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00:55
the epic, illogical, and soulful tale of
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λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…ŒλŠ” μž₯ν™©ν•˜κ³  λͺ¨μˆœλ˜μ§€λ§Œ, 열정이 λ‹΄κΈ΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
Alonso Quijano,
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μ•Œλ‘ μ†Œ ν‚€ν•˜λ…ΈλŠ”
01:00
who becomes the clumsy but valiant
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μ–΄μˆ˜λ£©ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš©κ°ν•œ 기사인,
01:02
Don Quixote of la Mancha, known as
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라만차의 λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…Œλ‘œ μ‚΄κΈ°λ‘œ κ²°μ •ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
the Knight of the Sorrowful Countenance.
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μŠ¬ν”ˆ ν‘œμ •μ˜ κΈ°μ‚¬λ‘œλ„ 잘 μ•Œλ €μ§„ λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…Œ 말이죠.
01:09
Originally published in two volumes,
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좜판 λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— μƒν•˜κΆŒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜λ‰˜μ—ˆλ˜ λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…ŒλŠ”
01:11
the narrative follows Don Quixote
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λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…ŒλΌλŠ” 기사가
01:13
as he travels through central and northern Spain
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슀페인의 쀑심뢀와 뢁뢀λ₯Ό λŒμ•„λ‹€λ‹ˆλ©°
01:16
fighting the forces of evil.
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μ•…μ˜ νž˜μ— λ§žμ„œ μ‹Έμš°λŠ” λ‚΄μš©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:20
Despite Don Quixote’s lofty imagination,
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λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…Œμ˜ λ¬΄κΆλ¬΄μ§„ν•œ μƒμƒκ³ΌλŠ” 달리,
01:22
his creator, Miguel de Cervantes,
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μ •μž‘ μ €μžμΈ λ―Έκ΅¬μ—˜ λ“œ μ„Έλ₯΄λ°˜ν…ŒμŠ€λŠ”
01:25
could never have imagined his book would
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μžμ‹ μ˜ 책이 μ‹œλŒ€λ₯Ό μ΄ˆμ›”ν•˜λŠ” λ² μŠ€νŠΈμ…€λŸ¬κ°€ 될 것을 μ˜ˆμƒν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:27
become the best-selling novel of all time.
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01:31
Barring 5 years as a soldier,
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μ„Έλ₯΄λ°˜ν…ŒμŠ€λŠ” 5λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ ꡰ인으둜 λ³΅λ¬΄ν•˜κ³ ,
01:34
and 5 more enslaved by pirates,
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이후 5λ…„λ™μ•ˆ ν•΄μ μ—κ²Œ λΆ™μž‘ν˜€μžˆλ˜ μ‹œκΈ°λ₯Ό μ œμ™Έν•˜κ³ λŠ”,
01:37
Cervantes spent most of his life
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일평생 λ™μ•ˆ μ‹œμΈ κ²Έ κ·Ήμž‘κ°€μ˜ 길을 걸으며 μ–΄λ ΅κ²Œ μ‚΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
as a struggling poet and playwright.
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01:43
It wasn’t until his late 50’s
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κ·ΈλŠ” 50λŒ€ ν›„λ°˜μ΄ λ˜μ–΄μ„œμ•Ό
01:45
that he published his greatest creation:
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μœ„λŒ€ν•œ μ°½μž‘λ¬Όμ„ λ°œν‘œν–ˆλŠ”λ°,
01:48
an epic satire of chivalry novels.
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μ΄λŠ” 기사도 μ†Œμ„€μ„ ν’μžν•œ μž₯편 μ†Œμ„€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
At this time,
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λ‹ΉλŒ€μ˜ 기사듀과 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 도덕성을 닀룬 쀑세 λͺ¨ν—˜ μ—°λŒ€κΈ°λ“€μ€
01:53
medieval books chronicling the adventures
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01:55
of knights and their moral code
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01:57
dominated European culture.
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μœ λŸ½μ—μ„œ λ¬Έν™”μ μœΌλ‘œ 큰 인기λ₯Ό μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
While Cervantes was a fan,
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μ„Έλ₯΄λ°˜ν…ŒμŠ€λŠ” μœ„ 책듀을 μ’‹μ•„ν–ˆμŒμ—λ„, 같은 μ€„κ±°λ¦¬μ˜ λ°˜λ³΅μ— 염증을 느꼈죠.
02:02
he was weary of these repetitive tomes,
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02:04
which focused more on listing heroic feats
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μ˜μ›…μ μΈ μ—…μ μ˜ λ‚˜μ—΄μ— λ„ˆλ¬΄ μ§‘μ€‘ν•œ 반면,
02:07
than character development.
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λ“±μž₯인물의 μ„±μž₯을 κ·Έλ¦¬λŠ” λ°λŠ” μ†Œν™€ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:10
To challenge them, he wrote Don Quixote,
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κ·ΈλŠ” 이에 λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜λ°•μœΌλ‘œ, λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…Œλ₯Ό μ§‘ν•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:12
the story of a hidalgo, or idle nobleman,
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λ‚˜νƒœν•œ ν•˜κΈ‰ 귀쑱이
02:15
who spends his days and nights
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ν•˜λ£¨μ’…μΌ 기사도 μ†Œμ„€μ„ μ½λŠ” λ‚΄μš©μœΌλ‘œ 말이죠.
02:17
reading chivalry novels.
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02:20
Driven mad by these stories,
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μ†Œμ„€μ„ 읽고 크게 ν™”κ°€ λ‚œ 주인곡은,
02:22
he fashions himself a champion for the downtrodden.
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λͺΈμ†Œ ν•™λŒ€λ°›λŠ” μžλ“€μ„ λ•λŠ” μ˜μ›…μœΌλ‘œ μ‚΄κΈ°λ‘œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:26
Everyone in his village
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λ§ˆμ„ μ£Όλ―Ό λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 그의 ν—ˆνŠΌ 짓을 말리고자
02:28
tries to convince him to give up his lunacy,
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02:31
going so far as to burn some of the
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그의 개인 μ„œμž¬μ— μžˆλŠ” 기사 μ„œμ μ„ νƒœμ›Œλ²„λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
lurid books in his personal library.
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02:37
But Don Quixote is unstoppable.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…Œλ₯Ό 막을 순 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:40
He dresses up in old shining armor,
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ‚‘κ³  λΉ›λ‚˜λŠ” κ°‘μ˜·μ„ μž…κ³  μ—¬μœ 말에 올라 타,
02:43
mounts his skinny horse,
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02:44
and leaves his village in search of glory.
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μ˜κ΄‘μ„ μ«“μ•„ λ§ˆμ„μ„ λ– λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:48
Cervantes’ novel
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μ„Έλ₯΄λ°˜ν…ŒμŠ€μ˜ μ†Œμ„€μ€ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 일화λ₯Ό 톡해
02:49
unfolds as a collection of episodes
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02:51
detailing the mishaps of the valiant knight.
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μš©κ°ν•œ 기사가 κ²ͺλŠ” λΆˆμš΄ν•œ 사고λ₯Ό λ¬˜μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
Yet unlike the chivalry books
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 기사도 μ±…μ΄λ‚˜ ν”½μ…˜ μ„œμ κ³Όμ˜ 차이점은
02:57
and perhaps all other prior fiction,
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02:59
Cervantes’ story deeply investigates
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μ„Έλ₯΄λ°˜ν…ŒμŠ€μ˜ 이야기가 주인곡의 λ‚΄λ°€ν•œ 삢을 깊게 κ΄€μ°°ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 점이죠.
03:02
the protagonist’s inner life.
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03:04
Don Quixote matures as the narrative develops,
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주인곡은 μ†Œμ„€μ΄ μ „κ°œλ¨μ— 따라 μ„±μž₯ν•˜λ©°,
03:08
undergoing a noticeable transformation.
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λˆˆμ— λ„λŠ” λ°œμ „μ„ μ΄λ£©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
This literary revelation
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 문학적 발견 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
03:13
has led many scholars to call Don Quixote
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λ§Žμ€ μ² ν•™μžλŠ” λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…Œλ₯Ό
03:16
the first modern novel.
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κ·ΌλŒ€ μ†Œμ„€μ˜ νš¨μ‹œλ‘œ μΉ­μ†‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
And this character development
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주인곡은
03:21
doesn’t happen in isolation.
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ν™€λ‘œ μ„±μž₯ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
Early on, Don Quixote is joined
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μ†Œμ„€ μ΄ˆλ°˜λΆ€μ—, λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…ŒλŠ” λ§ˆμ„ μ£Όλ―Ό μ‚°μ΄ˆ νŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό μ’…μžλ‘œ λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
by a villager-turned-squire
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03:28
named Sancho Panza.
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03:30
Sancho and Don Quixote
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이 두 μ‚¬λžŒμ€
03:32
are a study in opposites:
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μ •λ°˜λŒ€μ˜ μ„±ν–₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
with one as the grounded realist
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ν•œ λͺ…은 ν˜„μ‹€μ£Όμ˜μžμ΄μ§€λ§Œ
03:36
to the other’s idealism.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•œ λͺ…은 μ΄μƒμ£Όμ˜μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:39
Their lively, evolving friendship is often credited
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μ΄λ“€μ˜ μš°μ •μ€ ν™œκΈ°κ°€ λ„˜μΉ˜κ³ , μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ μ„±μž₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:43
as the original hero and sidekick duo,
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주인곡 μ˜μ›…κ³Ό 쑰수 μ—­ν• μ˜ 2μΈμ‘°λŠ”
03:46
inspiring centuries of fictional partnerships.
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수 μ„ΈκΈ° λ™μ•ˆ λ§Žμ€ μ°½μž‘λ¬Όμ—μ„œ λ™λ°˜μžμ˜ ν‘œλ³Έμ΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
Don Quixote was a huge success.
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λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…ŒλŠ” 큰 성곡을 κ±°λ’€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:53
Numerous editions were published across Europe
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17세기에 λ§Žμ€ 단행본이
03:55
in the seventeenth century.
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μœ λŸ½μ—μ„œ μΆœνŒλ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
Even in the Americas,
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심지어 미ꡭ은,
03:59
where the Church banned all novels
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κ΅νšŒκ°€ λͺ¨λ“  μ†Œμ„€μ„
04:01
for being sinful distractions,
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μœ ν•΄ 맀체둜 κΈˆμ§€ν•œ κ΅­κ°€μ˜€μ§€λ§Œ,
04:03
audiences were known to enjoy pirated editions.
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ν•΄μ νŒμ€ λŒ€μ€‘μ—κ²Œ ν˜Έν‰μ„ λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:08
The book was so well received that
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μ†Œμ„€μ΄ 크게 인기λ₯Ό μ–»μž
04:09
readers clamored for more.
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λ…μžλ“€μ€ μ†νŽΈμ„ μ›ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:12
After a rival author attempted to cash in
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κ²½μŸν•˜λ˜ μž‘κ°€κ°€
04:15
on a fake follow-up, Cervantes released
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μ†νŽΈμ„ λͺ¨λ°©ν•˜μž,
04:18
the official sequel in response.
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μ„Έλ₯΄λ°˜ν…ŒμŠ€λŠ” 곡식적인 μ†νŽΈμ„ μΆœκ°„ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:21
Now published alongside the first volume
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ μƒνŽΈκ³Ό ν•©λ³ΈμœΌλ‘œ μΆœκ°„λ˜λŠ”,
04:23
as a completed text, this second volume picks up
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λ‹Ήμ‹œ λ°œν‘œλœ ν•˜νŽΈμ€
04:27
where the original left off,
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μƒνŽΈμ—μ„œ μ€‘λ‹¨λœ 이야기λ₯Ό λ‹€μ‹œ λ‹€λ£Ήλ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:29
only now Don Quixote and Sancho have become folk heroes.
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λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…Œμ™€ μ‚°μ΄ˆκ°€ λ―Όμ€‘μ˜ μ˜μ›…μ΄ 된 것은 μš”μ¦˜μ˜ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:35
Just as in real-life, Cervantes included
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μ„Έλ₯΄λ°˜ν…ŒμŠ€λŠ” ν˜„μ‹€μ„ λ³Έλ– ,
04:37
his novel’s success in the world of his characters.
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μ†Œμ„€μ˜ 성곡을 λ“±μž₯인물과 μ—°κ΄€μ‹œμΌ°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
This unconventional meta-awareness
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전에 μ—†λ˜ 이 메타 μΈμ§€λ‘œ 인해
04:45
created philosophical complexity,
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λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μ² ν•™ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 생겼죠.
04:48
as the knight and his squire ponder
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μ˜ˆμ»¨λŒ€ 기사와 μ’…μžκ°€
04:50
the meaning of their story.
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μ€„κ±°λ¦¬μ˜ μ˜λ―Έμ— λŒ€ν•΄ κ³ λ―Όν•˜λŠ” μž₯λ©΄μ²˜λŸΌμš”.
04:52
Unfortunately, Cervantes had sold
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λΆˆν–‰νžˆλ„, μ„Έλ₯΄λ°˜ν…ŒμŠ€λŠ”
04:55
the book’s publishing rights for very little.
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헐값에 νŒκΆŒμ„ λ„˜κ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:57
He died rich in fame alone.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 유λͺ…μ„Έλ§Œμ„ λˆ„λ¦°μ±„ μ‚¬λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:00
But his treatise on the power of creativity
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 창의λ ₯에 λŒ€ν•œ 그의 λ…Όλ¬Έκ³Ό
05:03
and individualism has inspired
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독립적 μ‚¬κ³ λŠ”
05:05
art,
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예술,
05:06
literature,
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λ¬Έν•™,
05:07
popular culture,
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λŒ€μ€‘ λ¬Έν™”,
05:09
and even political revolution.
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심지어 μ •μΉ˜μ  혁λͺ…에도 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:11
Don Quixote argues
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λˆν‚€ν˜Έν…ŒλŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμ£ :
05:13
that our imagination greatly informs our actions,
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우리의 상상은 ν–‰μœ„μ— 큰 영ν–₯을 미치고,
05:17
making us capable of change,
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우리λ₯Ό λ³€ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜κ³ ,
05:19
and, indeed, making us human.
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μ‹€λ‘œ 우리λ₯Ό μΈκ°„λ‹΅κ²Œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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