Why the @#$% is there so much traffic? - Benjamin Seibold

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2020-05-28 ใƒป TED-Ed


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Why the @#$% is there so much traffic? - Benjamin Seibold

577,145 views ใƒป 2020-05-28

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ์€๋ฏผ ์ตœ ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:06
Youโ€™re cruising down the highway when all of a sudden
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๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ „๋ฐฉ์˜ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ๋“ฑ์ด ์ค„์ค„์ด ์ผœ์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:09
endless rows of brake lights appear ahead.
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00:12
Thereโ€™s no accident, no stoplight,
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๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋‚˜ ์ •์ง€ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋„ ์—†๊ณ 
00:14
no change in speed limit or narrowing of the road.
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์ œํ•œ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธธ์ด ์ข์•„์ง„ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
So why the @#$%! is there so much traffic?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์™œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
00:21
When traffic comes to a near standstill for no apparent reason,
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๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋„ ์—†์ด ๊ตํ†ต์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฉˆ์ถ˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ
00:24
itโ€™s called a phantom traffic jam.
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'์œ ๋ น ์ •์ฒด'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
A phantom traffic jam is an emergent phenomenon
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์œ ๋ น ์ •์ฒด๋Š” ๋ถˆ์‹œ์— ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ธ๋ฐ
00:30
whose behavior takes on a life of its own, greater than the sum of its parts.
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๊ฑท์žก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
00:35
But in spite of this, we can actually model these jams,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์ •์ฒด ํ˜„์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:38
even understand the principles that shape themโ€”
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์ด ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ์›์น™์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
and weโ€™re closer than you might think
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
00:43
to preventing this kind of traffic in the future.
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ์™€์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
For a phantom traffic jam to form, there must be a lot of cars on the road.
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์œ ๋ น ์ •์ฒด ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋ ค๋ฉด ๋„๋กœ์— ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
That doesnโ€™t mean there are necessarily too many cars
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•„์„œ
00:54
to pass through a stretch of roadway smoothly,
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์ˆœ์กฐ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๋งŒํผ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
at least not if every driver maintains the same consistent speed and spacing
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์ ์–ด๋„ ๋ชจ๋“  ์šด์ „์ž๊ฐ€
์ผ์ •ํ•œ ์†๋„์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฐจ์™€์˜ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
01:01
from other drivers.
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01:02
In this dense, but flowing, traffic,
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์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ธด ํ•  ๋งŒํผ์˜ ๊ตํ†ต ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ
01:04
it only takes a minor disturbance to set off the chain of events
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฐฉํ•ด์š”์†Œ๋งŒ ์žˆ์–ด๋„
์—ฐ์‡„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
that causes a traffic jam.
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01:11
Say one driver brakes slightly.
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ํ•œ ์šด์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ์‚ด์ง ๋ฐŸ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:14
Each successive driver then brakes a little more strongly,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋’ค๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋˜ ์šด์ „์ž๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ์„ธ๊ฒŒ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐŸ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
01:18
creating a wave of brake lights that propagates backward
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๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ ๋“ฑ์ด ๋ฌผ๊ฒฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํผ์ ธ์„œ
๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ฐจ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ€๋ ค๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
through the cars on the road.
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01:23
These stop-and-go waves can travel along a highway for miles.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋‹ค ์„œ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์šด์ „์€ ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ญ‰ ์ด์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
With a low density of cars on the road,
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๋„๋กœ์— ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ ์–ด ๋œ ๋ง‰ํžˆ๋ฉด ๊ตํ†ต ํ๋ฆ„์€ ์ˆœ์กฐ๋กœ์šด๋ฐ
01:31
traffic flows smoothly because small disturbances,
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์™œ๋ƒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐฉํ•ด ์š”์†Œ๋“ค, ์ฆ‰ ์ฐจ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋‚˜
01:34
like individual cars changing lanes or slowing down at a curve,
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๊ตฝ์€ ๊ธธ์—์„œ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ์ฐจ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ
01:38
are absorbed by other driversโ€™ adjustments.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šด์ „์ž๋“ค์ด ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
But once the number of cars on the road exceeds a critical density,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋„๋กœ์— ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ž„๊ณ„ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ๋ฉด,
01:45
generally when cars are spaced less than 35 meters apart,
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๋ณดํ†ต ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์ด 35m ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ์ธ๋ฐ,
01:50
the systemโ€™s behavior changes dramatically.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋€๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
It begins to display dynamic instability, meaning small disturbances are amplified.
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์—ญํ•™์  ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ
์ž‘์€ ๋ฐฉํ•ด ์š”์†Œ๋„ ํ™•๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
Dynamic instability isnโ€™t unique to phantom traffic jamsโ€”
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์ด ์—ญํ•™์  ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์€ ์œ ๋ น ์ •์ฒด์—๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
itโ€™s also responsible for raindrops, sand dunes, cloud patterns, and more.
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๋น—๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ์–ธ๋•,
๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ ๋“ฑ์—๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋˜์ฃ .
02:10
The instability is a positive feedback loop.
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์ด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์€ ์–‘์„ฑ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ ๋ฃจํ”„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
Above the critical density,
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์ž„๊ณ„ ๋ฐ€๋„๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ๋ฉด ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ ์ˆ˜๋ก
02:15
any additional vehicle reduces the number of cars per second
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1์ดˆ๋งˆ๋‹ค ํ•œ ์ง€์ ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฐจ์˜ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
passing through a given point on the road.
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02:22
This in turn means it takes longer for a local pileup
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ€๋ ค์žˆ๋˜ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๊ณณ์„ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ
02:26
to move out of a section of the road, increasing vehicle density even more,
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๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋”์šฑ ๋” ๋งŽ์•„์ง€๋ฉด์„œ
02:31
which eventually adds up to stop-and-go traffic.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์„ ๋”์šฑ ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
Drivers tend not to realize they need to break far in advance of a traffic jam,
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์šด์ „์ž๋“ค์€ ์ฒด์ฆ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ด์ „์— ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐŸ์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋‹จ ๊ฑธ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
which means they end up having to brake harder to avoid a collision.
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์ฆ‰ ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„  ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ์„ธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐŸ์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:44
This strengthens the wave of braking from vehicle to vehicle.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ์—†์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐŸ์•„๋Œ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
Whatโ€™s more, drivers tend to accelerate too rapidly out of a slowdown,
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์šด์ „์ž๋“ค์€ ์ง€์ฒด์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:53
meaning they try to drive faster
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ํ‰๊ท ์ ์ธ ๊ตํ†ต ํ๋ฆ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์šด์ „์„ ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
than the average flow of traffic downstream of them.
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02:58
Then, they have to brake again, eventually producing another feedback loop
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐŸ์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ ๋ฃจํ”„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
03:02
that causes more stop-and-go traffic.
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๋” ์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ตํ†ต ์ •์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
In both cases, drivers make traffic worse
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์šด์ „์ž๋“ค์ด ์ •์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋” ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์›์ธ์€
03:09
simply because they donโ€™t have a good sense of the conditions ahead of them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค ์•ž์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
Self driving cars equipped with data on traffic conditions ahead
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์ž์œจ์ฃผํ–‰์ฐจ๋Š” ์ „๋ฐฉ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ
03:18
from connected vehicles or roadway sensors
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ด๋‚˜ ๋„๋กœ ์„ผ์„œ์—์„œ ๋ฐ›๊ณ 
03:21
might be able to counteract phantom traffic in real-time.
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์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ น ์ •์ฒด์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
These vehicles would maintain a uniform speed, safety permitting,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฐจ๋“ค์€ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ตํ†ต ํ๋ฆ„์˜ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์ธ ์†๋„์— ์•Œ๋งž์€
03:29
that matches the average speed of the overall flow,
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์ผ์ •ํ•œ ์†๋„์™€ ์•ˆ์ „ ์ˆ˜์น™์„ ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ์„œ
03:32
preventing traffic waves from forming.
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์ •์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:35
In situations where thereโ€™s already a traffic wave,
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์ด๋ฏธ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š”
03:38
the automated vehicle would be able to anticipate it,
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์ž์œจ์ฃผํ–‰์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•ด์„œ
03:41
braking sooner and more gradually than a human driver
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ผ์ฐ, ๋” ์™„๋งŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐŸ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
and reducing the strength of the wave.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ •์ฒด์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
And it wouldnโ€™t take that many self-driving carsโ€”
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์ž์œจ์ฃผํ–‰์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
In a recent experiment, one autonomous vehicle for every 20 human drivers
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์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์šด์ „์ž 20๋ช…๋‹น ์ž์œจ์ฃผํ–‰์ฐจ ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋กœ๋„
03:56
was enough to dampen and prevent traffic waves.
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๊ตํ†ต ์ •์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
Traffic jams are not only a daily annoyanceโ€“
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๊ตํ†ต ์ •์ฒด๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ณจ์นซ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
04:03
theyโ€™re a major cause of fatalities,
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์‚ฌ๋ง ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์™€ ์ž์› ๋‚ญ๋น„,
04:05
wasted resources, and planet-threatening pollution.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ค์—ผ์˜ ์ฃผ์›์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
But new technology may help reduce these patterns,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฒด์ฆ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
04:12
rendering our roads safer,
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๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋” ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ
04:14
our daily commutes more efficient, and our air cleaner.
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๋งค์ผ ์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ์„ ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋” ๊นจ๋—ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
And the next time youโ€™re stuck in traffic,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์ •์ฒด ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์— ์žกํžŒ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:20
it may help to remember that other drivers arenโ€™t necessarily driving spitefully,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šด์ „์ž๋“ค์ด ์šด์ „์„ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
04:24
but are simply unaware of road conditions aheadโ€” and drive accordingly.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์•ž์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹จ ๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ „ ์šด์ „ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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