The life cycle of a t-shirt - Angel Chang

3,188,230 views ใƒป 2017-09-05

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: B. Kay Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:07
Consider the classic white t-shirt.
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์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ํฐ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:09
Annually, we sell and buy two billion t-shirts globally,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 20์–ต ์žฅ์˜ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
making it one of the most common garments in the world.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜ท ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
But how and where is the average t-shirt made,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ๋ณดํ†ต์˜ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๊ณ 
00:20
and what's its environmental impact?
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๋˜, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„๊นŒ์š”?
00:24
Clothing items can vary a lot,
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์˜๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
00:26
but a typical t-shirt begins its life on a farm in America, China, or India
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์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ, ์ค‘๊ตญ ํ˜น์€ ์ธ๋„์˜ ๋†์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
where cotton seeds are sown, irrigated and grown for the fluffy bolls they produce.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์†œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชฉํ™” ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ€์–ด ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
Self-driving machines carefully harvest these puffs,
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์ž๋™ํ™”๋œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋กœ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋ ˆ ๋ชฉํ™”์†ก์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ ,
00:42
an industrial cotton gin mechanically separates the fluffy bolls from the seeds,
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๊ณต์—…์šฉ ์กฐ๋ฉด๊ธฐ๋กœ ์”จ์•—๊ณผ ์†œ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•œ ํ›„
00:47
and the cotton lint is pressed into 225-kilogram bales.
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์›๋ฉด์„ ์••์ถ•ํ•˜์—ฌ 225kgs์˜ ๋ฒ ์ผ๋กœ ํฌ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
The cotton plants require a huge quantity of water and pesticides.
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๋ชฉํ™”์žฌ๋ฐฐ์—๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์–‘์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋†์•ฝ์ด ์†Œ์š”๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
2,700 liters of water are needed to produce the average t-shirt,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ  ํ•œ ์žฅ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋Š” 2,700 ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ฌผ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ,
01:01
enough to fill more than 30 bathtubs.
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์š•์กฐ 30๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
Meanwhile, cotton uses more insecticides and pesticides
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ํ•œํŽธ, ๋ฉด์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ์™€ ๋†์•ฝ์˜ ์–‘์€
01:08
than any other crop in the world.
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์„ธ์ƒ ์–ด๋А ๋†์ž‘๋ฌผ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
These pollutants can be carcinogenic,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐœ์•”๋ฌผ์งˆ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
01:13
harm the health of field workers,
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ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ํ•ด์น˜๊ณ 
01:15
and damage surrounding ecosystems.
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์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์ƒํƒœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์†์ƒ ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
Some t-shirts are made of organic cotton grown without pesticides and insecticides,
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์–ด๋–ค ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ๋Š” ๋†์•ฝ๊ณผ ์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ ์—†์ด ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•œ ์œ ๊ธฐ๋† ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ
01:24
but organic cotton makes up less than 1%
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์œ ๊ธฐ๋† ๋ฉด์€
01:27
of the 22.7 million metric tons of cotton produced worldwide.
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฉด ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰ 22.7๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ํ†ค ์ค‘ 1% ์ดํ•˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
Once the cotton bales leave the farm,
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์ผ๋‹จ ์›๋ฉด์ด ๋†์žฅ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๋ฉด
01:36
textile mills ship them to a spinning facility,
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๋ฐฉ์ ๊ณต์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:39
usually in China or India,
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๋ณดํ†ต์€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด๋‚˜ ์ธ๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
where high-tech machines blend,
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ฒจ๋‹จ ์„ค๋น„๋กœ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ 
01:44
card,
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๊ฐ€์ง€๋Ÿฐํžˆ ์ถ”๋ฆฌ๊ณ (์†Œ๋ฉด)
01:45
comb,
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๋น—์งˆ ํ•˜๊ณ 
01:47
pull,
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๋‹น๊ธฐ๊ณ 
01:48
stretch,
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๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
01:49
and, finally, twist the cotton into snowy ropes of yarn called slivers.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์–€์ƒ‰ ๋ˆ ๋ชจ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ผฌ์•„์„œ ์‹ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
Then, yarns are sent to the mill,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์€ ๋ฐฉ์ง๊ณต์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:57
where huge circular knitting machines
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™˜ํ˜• ํŽธ์ง๊ธฐ๋กœ
01:59
weave them into sheets of rough grayish fabric
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๊ฑฐ์นœ ์žฟ๋น› ์ง๋ฌผ์„ ์งญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
treated with heat and chemicals until they turn soft and white.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ด๊ณผ ํ™”ํ•™ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ํ•˜์–—๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ฃ .
02:08
Here, the fabric is dipped into commercial bleaches and azo dyes,
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๋‹ค์‹œ, ์ง๋ฌผ์„ ์ƒ์—…์šฉ ํ‘œ๋ฐฑ์ œ์™€ ์•„์กฐ์—ผ๋ฃŒ์— ๋‹ด๊ฐ€์„œ
02:12
which make up the vivid coloring in about 70% of textiles.
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์ง๋ฌผ์˜ 70% ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์„ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ผ์ƒ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
Unfortunately, some of these contain cancer-causing cadmium,
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„, ์ด ๊ณต์ •์—๋Š” ์•”์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์นด๋“œ๋ฎด,
02:20
lead,
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๋‚ฉ,
02:21
chromium,
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ํฌ๋กฌ,
02:22
and mercury.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์€ ๋“ฑ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
Other harmful compounds and chemicals can cause widespread contamination
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ํ•ด ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ์€ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:28
when released as toxic waste water in rivers and oceans.
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๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ์œ ๋…์„ฑ ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ ธ์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
Technologies are now so advanced in some countries
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐœ์ „๋˜์–ด์„œ
02:36
that the entire process of growing and producing fabric
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๋ฉด์„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ท๊ฐ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ
02:38
barely touches a human hand.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์†์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ฟ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
But only up until this point.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊นŒ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
02:43
After the finished cloth travels to factories,
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์™„์„ฑ๋œ ์˜ท๊ฐ์„ ๊ณต์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:46
often in Bangladesh, China, India, or Turkey,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ, ์ค‘๊ตญ, ์ธ๋„, ํ˜น์€ ํ„ฐํ‚ค ๋“ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
human labor is still required to stitch them up into t-shirts,
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ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ  ์žฌ๋ด‰ ๊ณต์ •์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์†์„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:55
intricate work that machines just can't do.
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
This process has its own problems.
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์ด ๊ณต์ •์—๋Š” ์ž์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
Bangladesh, for example,
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๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด,
03:02
which has surpassed China as the world's biggest exporter of cotton t-shirts,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ฉด ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ  ์ˆ˜์ถœ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘๊ตญ์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„ฐ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:06
employs 4.5 million people in the t-shirt industry,
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ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ  ์‚ฐ์—…์— 4.5๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
but they typically face poor conditions and low wages.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณดํ†ต ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์€ ์—ด์•…ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ž„๊ธˆ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
After manufacture, all those t-shirts travel by ship, train, and truck
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์ œ์ž‘ ๋œ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ๋Š” ๊ณ ์†Œ๋“ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ํŒ”๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก
03:20
to be sold in high-income countries,
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์„ ๋ฐ•, ์—ด์ฐจ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์†ก ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
a process that gives cotton an enormous carbon footprint.
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๋ฉดํ™”๊ฐ€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์–‘์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ ํ”์ ์„ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด์ฃ .
03:27
Some countries produce their own clothing domestically,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์€ ์˜๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ž์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜์—ฌ
03:30
which cuts out this polluting stage,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜ค์—ผ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:32
but generally, apparel production accounts for 10% of global carbon emissions.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๋ฅ˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 10%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
And it's escalating.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
Cheaper garments and the public's willingness to buy
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๊ฐ’์‹ผ ์˜๋ฅ˜์™€ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ๊ตฌ๋งค์š•๊ตฌ๋Š”
03:43
boosted global production from 1994 to 2014 by 400%
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ 1994๋…„๊ณผ 2014๋…„ ์‚ฌ์ด์— 400%๋ฅผ ์‹ ์žฅ ์‹œ์ผฐ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:50
to around 80 billion garments each year.
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์ด๋Š” ๋งค๋…„ ์•ฝ 800์–ต ์žฅ์— ๋‹ค๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
Finally, in a consumer's home,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์†Œ๋น„์ž์˜ ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ
03:57
the t-shirt goes through one of the most resource-intensive phases of its lifetime.
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ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์› ์ง‘์•ฝ์ ์ธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
In America, for instance,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด
04:04
the average household does nearly 400 loads of laundry per year
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๋ณดํ†ต์˜ ๊ฐ€์ •์ด 1๋…„์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ 400ํšŒ์˜ ์„ธํƒ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
04:08
each using about 40 gallons of water.
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๋งค ๋ฒˆ ์•ฝ 40 ๊ฐค๋Ÿฐ์˜ ๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
Washing machines and dryers both use energy,
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์„ธํƒ๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฑด์กฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
04:14
with dryers requiring five to six times more than washers.
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๊ฑด์กฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์„ธํƒ๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค 5-6๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
This dramatic shift in clothing consumption over the last 20 years,
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์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„ ๊ฐ„ ์˜๋ฅ˜์†Œ๋น„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์˜ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š”
04:23
driven by large corporations and the trend of fast fashion
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ํŒจ์ŠคํŠธ ํŒจ์…˜ ํŠธ๋žœ๋“œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:27
has cost the environment,
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ
04:29
the health of farmers,
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๋†์—…์ธ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ฌธ์ œ
04:31
and driven questionable human labor practices.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋…ธ๋™๊ด€ํ–‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
It's also turned fashion into the second largest polluter in the world after oil.
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๋˜ํ•œ ํŒจ์…˜์€ ์„์œ ์— ์ด์–ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ํฐ ์˜ค์—ผ์‚ฐ์—…์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
But there are things we can do.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
Consider shopping secondhand.
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์ค‘๊ณ ํ’ˆ ๊ตฌ๋งค๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:45
Try to look for textiles made from recycled or organic fabrics.
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์žฌ์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ์œ ๊ธฐ๋† ์›๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์˜๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:49
Wash clothes less and line dry to save resources.
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์ž์› ์ ˆ์•ฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ๊ฒŒ ์„ธํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋นจ๋ž˜์ค„์— ๋ง๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”.
04:53
Instead of throwing them away at the end of their life,
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๋‹ค ์ž…๊ณ  ๋‚œ ํ›„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์—
04:55
donate, recycle, or reuse them as cleaning rags.
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๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์žฌ์ƒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฒญ์†Œ์šฉํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:00
And, finally, you might ask yourself,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:02
how many t-shirts and articles of clothing will you consume over your lifetime,
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์ผ์ƒ์— ๋ช‡ ์žฅ์˜ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ์™€ ์˜๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์™€
05:06
and what will be their combined impact on the world?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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