Music and creativity in Ancient Greece - Tim Hansen

702,629 views ใƒป 2013-12-03

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Kooksun Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Joanne Koh
00:06
We live in a society
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์Œ์•…์— ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žกํžŒ
00:08
obsessed with music.
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์‚ฌํšŒ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
We use music to worship,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์Œ์•…์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฐํ•  ๋•Œ,
00:12
tell stories,
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ,
00:13
to celebrate,
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์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•  ๋•Œ,
00:14
to work,
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์ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ,
00:16
exercise,
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์šด๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ,
00:17
declare our love
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ์„ ์–ธํ•  ๋•Œ,
00:19
and sometimes our hatred,
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฆ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด,
00:21
and, arguably most importantly,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋Š”
00:23
to dance.
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์ถค์„ ์ถœ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
And, of course, we play music ourselves
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์Œ์•…์„ ์ง์ ‘ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
00:27
because, well, it's a pleasant thing to do.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
00:30
Thousands of years ago in Ancient Greece,
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์ˆ˜ ์ฒœ๋…„์ „ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์—์„œ
00:33
when it came to music,
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์Œ์•…์„ ์ ‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์€
00:34
things weren't much different.
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ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
They might have had lyres and tunics
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ MP3 ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด์™€ ์ฒญ๋ฐ”์ง€ ๋Œ€์‹ 
00:39
instead of MP3 players and jeans,
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๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ  ํŠœ๋‹‰์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
00:41
but the Ancient Greeks were just as obsessed
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์ธ๋“ค๋„ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
00:43
with music as we are today.
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์Œ์•…์— ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žกํ˜€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
In fact, music was such an important part
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์Œ์•…์€
00:47
of Ancient Greek society
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์Œ์•…์ƒ์— ๋น„ํ•ด
00:48
that it makes us seem tame by comparison.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
To really understand just how integral music was
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์Œ์•…์ด
00:54
to the Ancient Greeks,
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
00:55
let's begin by acquainting ourselves
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‹ ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
00:57
with a bit of their mythology.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜์ฃ .
00:59
In Ancient Greek mythology,
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์‹ ํ™”์—์„œ
01:01
it was believed that human creativity
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐฝ์กฐ๋ ฅ์€ ๋ฎค์ฆˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ (๋ฎค์ฆˆ:์ œ์šฐ์Šค์˜ ๋”ธ๋กœ ํ•™๋ฌธยท์˜ˆ์ˆ ์„ ๋งก์€ ์•„ํ™‰ ์—ฌ์‹ )
01:03
was the result of divine inspiration
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์—ฌ์‹ ๋“ค๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚˜์˜จ
01:05
from a group of goddesses known as the Muses.
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์‹ ์„ฑํ•œ ์˜๊ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์–ด์ ธ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
While scholars have argued over the years
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ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌํ•ด์— ๊ฑธ์ณ
01:11
that there are anything between 3 and 13 Muses,
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์„ธ ๋ช…์—์„œ ์—ด์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ ๋ฎค์ฆˆ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋…ผ์Ÿํ•ด ์™”์ง€๋งŒ
01:14
the standard number accepted today is 9.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•„ํ™‰ ๋ช…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
Each Muse oversees her own specific area
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๊ฐ ๋ฎค์ฆˆ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ์ „๋ฌธ ์ง€์‹์˜
01:19
of artistic expertise,
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์˜์—ญ์„ ๊ด€์žฅํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:21
ranging from song and dance
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๊ทธ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋Š” ์ถค๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋ž˜์—์„œ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
01:23
to history and astronomy.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋ฅด๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
It might seem strange to categorize
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ด ์ฐฝ์กฐ์ ์ธ ํ•™๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ
01:27
history and astronomy as creative pursuits,
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๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
01:29
but the Ancient Greeks saw these disciplines
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ•™๋ฌธ๋“ค์„
01:31
as more than just school subjects.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ•™๊ต ๊ต๊ณผ๋ชฉ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
These were the hallmarks of civilization
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ์ด ํ•™๋ฌธ๋“ค์€
01:37
in what, to their eyes,
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๋ฏธ๊ฐœํ•œ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
01:38
was a pretty barbaric world.
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๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ํŠน์ง•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
An educated, civilized person
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๊ต์œก๋ฐ›๊ณ  ๊ต์–‘์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
01:42
was expected to be proficient
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๋ฎค์ฆˆ๋“ค๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์–ป์–ด
01:44
in all aspects of creative thought
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ฐฝ์กฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์—์„œ
01:46
inspired by the Muses,
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๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
01:48
and the common medium
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๊ทธ ํ•™๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
01:49
through which these disciplines were taught,
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๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ 
01:50
studied,
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๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
01:51
and disseminated
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๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด
01:52
was music.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์Œ์•…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
You see, it's no coincidence
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ์—ฐ์˜ ์ผ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:56
that the word Muse is very similar
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๋ฎค์ฆˆ (Muse) ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š”
01:58
to the word music.
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์Œ์•…(music)์ด๋ž€ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
It's where the word originates.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์œ ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:02
Poetry, be it a love poem
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์‹œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ด๋“ 
02:04
or an epic poem about a dragon-slaying hero,
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์šฉ์„ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์นœ ์˜์›…์˜ ์„œ์‚ฌ์‹œ์ด๋“ 
02:07
was sung with a musical accompaniment.
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๋ฐ˜์ฃผ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋…ธ๋ž˜ ๋ถˆ๋ ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
Dancing and singing, obviously,
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์ถค๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋Š” ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ
02:11
were accompanied by music.
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์Œ์•…๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:13
Theater was always a combination
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์—ฐ๊ทน์€ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜
02:15
of spoken word and music.
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์Œ์•…๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
History was recounted through song.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:20
Even the study of astronomy
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋„
02:22
was linked to the same physical principles
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์Œ์•…์˜ ํ•˜๋ชจ๋‹ˆ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€
02:24
as musical harmony,
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๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ ๋ฒ•์น™์ด ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
such as the belief held by many Greek thinkers
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋งŽ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์‚ฌ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ๋“ฏ์ด
02:27
that each of the planets and stars
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๋ชจ๋“  ํ–‰์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณ„๋“ค์ด
02:29
created their own unique sound
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์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•  ๋•Œ
02:31
as they traveled through the cosmos,
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์ˆ˜ ๊ด‘๋…„ ๊ธธ์ด์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐํƒ€์ค„์„ ํŠ•๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€
02:32
thrumming like an enormous guitar string
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๊ทธ๋“ค๋งŒ์˜ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋Š”
02:35
light-years long.
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๋ฏฟ์Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:36
However, music pervaded more aspects of their lives
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์Œ์•…์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋„˜์–ด
02:39
than just education.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๋” ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ ธ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
Ancient Greeks considered music
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์ธ๋“ค์€ ์Œ์•…์„
02:42
to be the basis for understanding
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์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ˜ธ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์„
02:44
the fundamental interconnectedness
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋ผ๊ณ 
02:46
of all things in the universe.
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์—ฌ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
This concept of connectivity
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์€
02:50
is known as harmonia,
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ํ•˜๋ฅด๋ชจ๋‹ˆ์•„*๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ (์•„๋ ˆ์Šค์™€ ์•„ํ”„๋กœ๋””ํ…Œ์˜ ๋”ธ, ์กฐํ™”(่ชฟๅ’Œ)์˜ ์—ฌ์‹ )
02:51
and it's where we get the word harmony.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์กฐํ™”(harmony)๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
Music was used as a form of medicine
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์Œ์•…์€ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์œก์ฒด์  ๋ถˆํŽธ์„ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๋Š”
02:56
to treat illnesses and physical complaints,
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์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:58
as a vital accompaniment to sporting contests,
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์Šคํฌ์ธ  ๋Œ€ํšŒ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์ฃผ๋กœ์จ,
03:01
and as a means to keep workers in time
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๋˜ ์ผ๊พผ๋“ค์ด ๋‹จ์กฐ๋กญ๊ณ  ๋น„์ฒœํ•œ ์ผ์„
03:03
as they toiled away on monotonous or menial tasks.
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์ฐธ์•„๋‚ด๋ฉฐ ํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์“ฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
One of the most important applications
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์Œ์•…์˜
03:10
of music in Ancient Greek society
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์“ฐ์ž„์ƒˆ์€
03:12
is found in the belief
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์Œ์•…์ด ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์—
03:13
that music can affect a person's ethos.
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์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
A word we still use today,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š”
03:17
ethos is a person's guiding beliefs
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๊ธฐํ’(ethos) ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š”
03:19
or personal ethics,
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๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์‹ ์กฐ, ๋„๋•์ƒ์„ ๋œปํ•˜๊ณ 
03:20
the way that one behaves
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ํƒ€์ธ์—๊ฒŒ
03:22
towards oneself and others.
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ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์‹์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
The Greek philosopher Plato,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์˜ ์ฒ ํ•™์ž ํ”Œ๋ผํ†ค์€
03:25
one of the most famous
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๋‹น์‹œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:27
and influential Greek thinkers of the time,
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์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์ฒ ํ•™์ž๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ
03:29
asserted that music had a direct effect
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์Œ์•…์ด ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์— ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์นœ๋‹ค๊ณ 
03:31
on a person's ethos.
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์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
Certain kinds of music
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์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์Œ์•…์€
03:34
could incite a person to violence
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ทนํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
03:36
while others could placate a person
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์Œ์•…์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„
03:38
into a benign, unthinking stupor.
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์˜จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด๊ฐ๊ฐํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ผ์•‰ํž ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
According to Plato,
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ํ”Œ๋ผํ†ค์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด
03:42
only very specific types of music
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์•„์ฃผ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์Œ์•…๋งŒ์ด
03:44
were beneficial to a person's ethos.
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๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๊ธฐํ’์— ์œ ์ตํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
One should only listen to music
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์˜ค์ง ์ง€์„ฑ์„ ์ด‰์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
03:49
that promotes intelligence,
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์ž๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜์–‘์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:50
self-discipline,
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์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ทจ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”
03:51
and courage,
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์Œ์•…๋งŒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:52
and all other kinds of music must be avoided.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์Œ์•…์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
Furthermore, Plato fervently denounced
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ํ”Œ๋ผํ†ค์€
03:58
any music that deviated
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๋‹น์‹œ์˜ ์Œ์•… ๊ด€์Šต์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์Œ์•…์„
04:00
from established musical conventions,
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์—ด๋ ฌํžˆ ๋น„๋‚œํ–ˆ๊ณ 
04:01
fearing that doing so
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์ด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด
04:03
would lead to the degradation
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๋ฌธ๋ช…์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„
04:04
of the standards of civilization,
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์ €ํ•˜์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
04:06
the corruption of youth,
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์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์„ ํƒ€๋ฝ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ
04:07
and eventually complete and utter anarchy.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌด์งˆ์„œ๋กœ ์ด๋Œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
While Plato's fears can seem extreme,
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ํ”Œ๋ผํ†ค์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
04:14
this argument has appeared in modern times
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์€ ์žฌ์ฆˆ๋‚˜ ํŽ‘ํฌ, ๋žฉ ๊ฐ™์€
04:16
to condemn musical trends
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์Œ์•…์  ์œ ํ–‰์„ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
04:17
such as jazz or punk or rap.
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์š”์ฆ˜์—๋„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
What do you think Plato would say
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ํ”Œ๋ผํ†ค์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋“ฃ๋Š” ์Œ์•…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
04:21
about the music you listen to?
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๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์œผ์„ธ์š”?
04:23
Is it beneficial to your ethos,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ธฐํ’ ์ง„์ž‘์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
04:26
or will it degenerate you
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์•Œ์•„๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๋ง์„ ์ง€๊ป„์ด๋Š”
04:27
into a gibbering, amoral barbarian?
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๋ฏธ๊ฐœํ•œ ์•ผ๋งŒ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ํ‡ดํ™”์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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