BORROW vs LEND Learn Meanings and Differences with Example English Sentences

29,550 views ใƒป 2021-11-15

Shaw English Online


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi, everyone. Iโ€™m Esther.
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€‚็งใฏใ‚จใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
00:02
In this video, Iโ€™m going to talk about two similar and sometimes confusing English verbs
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏใ€ไผผใฆใ„ใฆๆ™‚ใ€…ๆททไนฑใ‚’ๆ‹›ใ 2 ใคใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ‹•่ฉž ใ€Œๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ€Œ่ฒธใ™ใ€
00:08
โ€˜borrowโ€™ and โ€˜lendโ€™.
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:10
Mixing up the words โ€˜borrowโ€™ and โ€˜lendโ€™ can be a common confusion,
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ใ€Œๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ€Œ่ฒธใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏๆททๅŒใ•ใ‚Œใ‚„ใ™ใ„ใงใ™
00:15
but this video will help you master their usage.
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฏใใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
00:18
Letโ€™s get started.
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ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:23
Letโ€™s start with โ€˜borrowโ€™.
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ใพใšใฏใ€Œๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ‚‹ใ€ใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:25
It is a verb.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
00:27
It means to take something from someone with the plan of giving it back after using it.
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ไฝฟใฃใŸใ‚‰่ฟ”ใ™ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงไบบใ‹ใ‚‰็‰ฉใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:34
โ€˜borrowโ€™ is similar to the verbs โ€˜takeโ€™, โ€˜getโ€™, and โ€˜receiveโ€™.
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ใ€Œborrowใ€ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œtakeใ€ใ€ใ€Œgetใ€ใ€ใ€Œreceiveใ€ใซไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:39
Remember, you borrow from someone.
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:42
Letโ€™s look at some examples.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:45
The first sentence says,
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใฏ
00:47
โ€˜Could I borrow your pen for a minute, please?โ€™
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ใ€Œใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใƒšใƒณใ‚’่ฒธใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:50
Iโ€™m asking if I can take your pen
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒšใƒณใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใจ่žใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™
00:53
but I will give it back after I use it.
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ใŒใ€ไฝฟใฃใŸใ‚‰่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:57
The next sentence says,
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ๆฌกใฎๆ–‡ใฏ
00:59
โ€˜Brenda often borrows Erin's car.โ€™
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ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฌใƒณใƒ€ใฏใ‚ˆใใ‚จใƒชใƒณใฎ่ปŠใ‚’ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใจใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:02
Again Brenda might take Erin's car and use it for a little bit
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใƒ–ใƒฌใƒณใƒ€ใฏใ‚จใƒชใƒณใฎ่ปŠใ‚’ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฆๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
01:07
but she will give it back to Erin.
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ใŒใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚จใƒชใƒณใซ่ฟ”ใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:10
Now, I will talk about โ€˜lendโ€™.
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ไปŠๅ›žใฏใ€Œ่ฒธใ—ๅ‡บใ—ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:13
It's an irregular verb.
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ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
01:15
The past tense of lend is โ€˜lentโ€™.
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่ฒธใ™ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฏใ€Œ่ฒธใ™ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:19
It means to give something to someone for a short period of time
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ใŠ่ฟ”ใ—ใ‚’ๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆ
01:23
expecting it to be given back.
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็ŸญๆœŸ้–“่ชฐใ‹ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
01:26
โ€˜lendโ€™ is similar to the verb โ€˜giveโ€™.
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ฒธใ™ใ€ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ŒไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใจไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:29
Remember, you lend to someone.
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่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใซ่ฒธใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:33
Letโ€™s look at some examples.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:35
The first sentence says,
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใฏใ€
01:37
โ€˜I never lend my money to anyone.โ€™
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ่ชฐใซใ‚‚่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆฑบใ—ใฆ่ฒธใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:40
This means even though someone might pay me back,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใŸใจใˆ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’่ฟ”ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€
01:44
I never give anyone that money.
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็งใฏใใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆฑบใ—ใฆ่ชฐใซใ‚‚ๆธกใ•ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:48
The next sentence says,
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ๆฌกใฎๆ–‡ใฏใ€
01:49
โ€˜I lent Gary my umbrella.โ€™
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ฒใ‚คใƒชใƒผใซๅ‚˜ใ‚’่ฒธใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
01:52
In this sentence, it means I gave Gary my umbrella
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ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€็งใŒใ‚ฒใ‚คใƒชใƒผใซๅ‚˜ใ‚’ใ‚ใ’ใŸ
01:56
and he will give it back to me later.
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ใฎใงใ€ๅพŒใง่ฟ”ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ† ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™
01:59
Now, let's do a checkup.
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ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ๆคœๆŸปใ‚’ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:02
In this conversation, there are a few sentences.
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ใ“ใฎไผš่ฉฑใซใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:05
In one of the sentences, we should use the word โ€˜borrowโ€™.
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ๆ–‡ใฎ 1 ใคใงใ€ใ€Œๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:09
In the other sentence, we use โ€˜lendโ€™.
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ไป–ใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€Œ่ฒธใ™ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:13
Take a moment to think about where we use these verbs.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ใฉใ“ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:18
โ€˜Aโ€™ says,
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ใ€ŒAใ€ใฏใ€
02:19
โ€˜May I _blank_ your car?โ€™
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ปŠใ‚’_็ฉบ็™ฝ_ใซใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€
02:22
โ€˜Aโ€™ is asking โ€˜Bโ€™ can I take something from you and I will return it later.
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ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€ŒAใ€ใฏใ€ŒBใ€ใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ๅพŒใง่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใจๅฐ‹ใญใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:29
The word โ€˜borrowโ€™ means to take and return, so โ€˜Aโ€™ says,
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ใ€Œๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ๅ–ใฃใฆ่ฟ”ใ™ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใชใฎใงใ€ใ€ŒAใ€ใฏ
02:34
โ€˜May I borrow your car?โ€™
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ใ€Œ่ปŠใ‚’ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:37
In reply โ€˜Bโ€™ says, โ€˜Of course, I'd be happy to _blank_ it to you?โ€™
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'B' ใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็ฉบ็™ฝใซใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?ใ€ใจ็ญ”ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:43
In this case, we use โ€˜lendโ€™
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œ่ฒธใ™ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:45
because lend means to give something to someone
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่ฒธใ™ ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ๅพŒใง่ฟ”ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใ‚‹ใจใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใฆ
02:48
knowing that they'll get it back later.
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่ชฐใ‹ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ ใ€‚
02:51
So let's take a look.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:53
A: May I borrow your car?
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A: ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ปŠใ‚’ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:56
B: Of course. I'd be happy to lend it to you.
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B: ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅ–œใ‚“ใงใŠ่ฒธใ—ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:01
Now you know the difference between โ€˜lendโ€™ and โ€˜borrowโ€™.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€Œ่ฒธใ™ใ€ใจใ€Œๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ‚‹ใ€ใฎ้•ใ„ใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:06
This can be confusing but with a lot of practice you will master these very important verbs.
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ๆททไนฑใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใชๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:12
Good job, everybody and see you in the next video.
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใŠ็–ฒใ‚Œๆง˜ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใพใŸๆฌกใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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