Why gun violence can't be our new normal | Dan Gross

譯者: Yini Yao 審譯者: Coco Shen

OK, so, confession:

好的 首先我要坦承

I've always been weirdly obsessed with advertising.

我對廣告一直有著異乎尋常的著迷

I remember watching Saturday morning cartoons,

我記得小時候在星期六早上看卡通時

paying more attention to the commercials

我花在廣告上的注意力

than to the shows,

比真正的節目還要多

trying to figure out how they were trying to get inside my head.

我試著弄明白廣告是怎麼把信息植入我腦中的

Ultimately, that led me to my dream job.

而這一興趣最終將我帶向了我的

I became a partner at a big New York ad agency.

我成了紐約一間大型廣告公司的合夥人

But then, all of that suddenly changed on February 23, 1997,

但在1997年2月23號 一夕之間風雲變色

when my little brother Matt was shot in the head

那天我的弟弟馬特

in a shooting that happened on the observation deck

在帝國大廈觀景台的槍擊案中

of the Empire State Building.

被射中頭部

Suddenly, my family was thrown into the middle of a nightmare,

霎時 我們全家掉入了無底的噩夢

being told that my brother was going to die,

我們被告知我的弟弟將要死去

actually being given the opportunity to say goodbye to him,

並讓我們向他告別

then several emergency brain surgeries

接著在經歷了幾場緊急的腦部手術後

and now what's amounted, for Matt,

馬特之後的一生

to a lifetime spent courageously recovering from a traumatic brain injury.

都得和嚴重腦部創傷纏鬥

He is definitely my hero.

他絕對是我的英雄

But as much as (Applause) -- yeah, deserves it --

但當 (掌聲) 是的 他值得我們尊敬

(Applause)

(掌聲)

But as much as this tragedy was a nightmare for my family,

但即便我們家遇到這種悲劇

I often think about how much worse it could have been;

我卻時常想著這情況原本也許會更糟

in fact, how much worse it is for the 90 families every day

事實上 每天都有90個家庭

who aren't as fortunate,

會遭逢這樣的不幸

who lose loved ones -- brothers, sisters, sons, daughters, parents.

他們失去摯愛的親人 兄弟姊妹 妻兒老小

They don't all make national headlines.

這樣的悲劇不會登上全國新聞

In fact, most of them don't.

或者說 大多數情況下得不到關注

They go largely unnoticed,

他們的不幸常常被忽視

in a nation that's kind of come to accept a disgraceful national epidemic

這個國家已經將這件可恥的慘劇

as some kind of new normal.

視為不足為奇的常態

So I quit my job in advertising

所以我辭了廣告的工作

to try and do something about this disgraceful national epidemic,

試著對這不名譽 的全國性瘟疫做點什麼

because I came to realize

因為我發覺

that the challenges to preventing gun violence

杜絕槍械暴力所帶來的挑戰

are actually the same ones that made me love advertising,

正如同我所鍾愛的廣告

which is to try to figure out how to engage people.

都是在找出如何感染他人

Only instead of doing it to sell products,

差別是廣告賣的是商品

doing it to save lives.

我們賣的是救命

And that comes down to finding common ground,

我要找的是共通點

where what I want overlaps with what you want.

也就是我想要的 和你想要的有所重疊

And you might be surprised to learn, when it comes to gun violence,

你可能會訝異， 講到槍械暴力

just how much common ground there is.

我們有著眾多共同的想法

Let's look, for example, at people who love to hunt,

舉個例子， 對於數百萬的國民

a sport enjoyed by millions across the US.

打獵是個大家喜愛的休閒運動

It's a proud tradition. Families.

打獵是光榮的家族傳統

In some places,

有些地方

the first day of hunting season is actually a school holiday.

打獵季的第一天 學生可以放假

What do hunters want?

獵人們要的是什麼?

Well, they want to hunt. They love their guns.

他們要的是能打獵， 他們喜愛他們的槍

They believe deeply

他們深深相信

in the Second Amendment right to own those guns.

第二修正案給他們擁槍的權力

But that doesn't mean there isn't common ground.

但這並不代表我 和他們的想法毫無重疊

In fact, there's a lot of it,

事實上，多如牛毛

starting with the basic idea of keeping guns out of dangerous hands.

從避免槍枝落入有心人士手中的 基本概念開始講起

This isn't about taking certain guns away from all people.

這並不代表把槍從所有人手上奪走

It's about keeping all guns away from certain people,

而只是針對特定人士

and it's the people that, it turns out, we all agree shouldn't have guns:

我們對誰不該擁槍也有共識

convicted violent criminals, domestic abusers,

定讞的暴力份子、 家暴者

the dangerously mentally ill.

嚴重心理疾病患者

We can all appreciate

我們感謝

how Brady background checks have been incredibly effective

布雷迪背景調查法 有效的防止

in keeping guns out of those dangerous hands.

槍枝落入特定人士手中

In 20 years, Brady background checks at federally licensed firearm dealers

20年內，布雷迪背景調查法

have blocked 2.4 million gun sales

從聯邦許可的槍枝經銷商 攔截2400萬筆

to those people that we all agree shouldn't have guns.

我們都不能接受的槍枝交易

(Applause)

(掌聲)

And whether you love guns or hate guns, you probably also appreciate

不論你喜不喜歡槍，

that there shouldn't be thousands of gun sales every day

都可能不會希望

at guns shows or online

每天有數千支槍從槍展或網購

without those Brady background checks,

賣給那些未經背景審查的人

just like there shouldn't be two lines to get on an airplane --

就像搭飛機不該有兩條線

one with security and one with no security.

一條給檢查過的人， 另一條則否

And --

而...

(Applause)

(掌聲)

And the numbers show the overwhelming agreement among the American public:

而統計數字也表現了 美國大眾壓倒性的贊成:

90 percent of Americans support expanding Brady background checks

90%贊成將 布雷迪背景調查法

to all gun sales -- including 90 percent of Republicans,

擴展到任何形式的槍枝買賣-- 包含了

more than 80 percent of gun owners,

90%共和黨人， 過80%的擁槍者

more than 70 percent of NRA members.

過70%美國全國步槍協會會員

This is not a controversial idea.

這個想法並非爭論議題

In fact, only six percent of the American public disagrees.

只有6%的美國人反對

That's about the percentage of the American public

就大概跟認為登陸月球

that believes the moon landing was a fake.

是假的的人數差不多

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

And it's also about the percentage that believes the government

也跟認為政府在電視訊號

is putting mind-controlling technology in our TV broadcast signals.

加入洗腦技術的人數差不多

That's the extent to which we agree about background checks.

這就是我們對背景調查的認同程度

But what about the 300 million guns

那麼那3億支

already out there in homes across America?

已經流入市面的槍呢?

Well first, it's important to realize

首先我們必須知道

that those guns are mostly in the hands and homes

那些槍多數都在 奉公守法的好公民

of decent, law-abiding people like you and me,

就像我們的手中

who want what we all want -- including keeping our families safe.

我們用槍來保衛家人安全

In fact, that's why more and more people are choosing to own guns.

這也是越來越多人 選擇買槍的原因

Ten years ago, 42 percent of the American public

10 年前，42% 的美國人認為--

believed -- incorrectly -- that a gun makes your home safer.

--錯誤的認為--有槍等於安全

Today, that number is 63 percent.

今天，這個數字成長到 63%

Why?

為什麼?

I kind of hate to say it,

我不怎麼想這麼說

because it gets to the dark underbelly of advertising,

這是因為廣告的黑暗效能

which is if you tell a big enough lie enough times,

如果你講一個謊話夠多次

eventually that lie becomes the truth.

它最終也會積非成是

And that's exactly what's happened here.

而這件事正在發生

The corporate gun lobby has spent billions of dollars

軍火商花了數十億美元

blocking the CDC from doing research into the public health epidemic

阻止疾病管制署進行

of gun violence;

槍枝暴力研究；

blocking pediatricians from talking to parents

阻止小兒科醫師跟家長講

about the dangers of guns in the home;

有槍在家對小孩的危險性；

blocking smart-gun technology and other technology

阻止能夠防止小孩用家長的槍、

that would prevent kids from firing parents' guns

並可以拯救生命

and would save lives.

的智慧槍枝科技

They're desperate to hide the truth,

他們費盡心思隱瞞事實

because they view the truth as a threat to their bottom line.

因為事實威脅到了他們的底線

And every day,

也是因此，

people are dying as a result.

每一天都有人被槍殺

And a lot of those people are children.

他們多數都是小孩

Every day in the US,

在美國，

nine kids are just shot unintentionally.

每天有9名孩童莫名其妙被殺

900 children and teens take their own lives every year.

每年有900名小孩或青少年舉槍自盡

And here's the thing: they're almost all with a parent's gun.

而且，他們多半用的是家長的槍

Even two-thirds of school shootings happen with a gun taken from the home,

甚至二分之三的校園射擊案 的凶槍都是家裡帶來的

including the terrible tragedy

這包含了桑迪·胡克小學槍擊案

at Sandy Hook.

那場悲劇

I meet so many of these parents;

我遇過太多受害者家長

it's the most heartbreaking part of my job.

--這是我工作最令人心碎的部分--

These are not bad people.

他們也沒殺人放火

They're just living with the unimaginable consequences of a very bad decision,

只是受到由一群惡人

made based on very bad information

通過錯誤知識所做出的爛決定

that was put into their minds by very bad people,

帶來的意外衝擊

who know good and well the misery that they're causing,

那群惡人知道他們造成的悲劇

but just don't care.

但卻毫不在乎

And the result is a nightmare --

而結果就是這場夢魘

not only for families like mine,

不只像我這樣的家庭

but for, really, at the end of the day, all of us.

而是最終，大家都會受難

But I'm not here to talk about the nightmare of gun violence.

我不是來用槍枝暴力恐嚇大家的

I'm here to talk about our dream, and it's a dream we all share,

我是來講一個大家都有的憧憬

which is the dream of a better, safer, future.

一個更安全美好的未來

For my organization, for the Brady Campaign,

為了我的機構， 也為了布雷德運動

that dream is reflected in the bold goal

這個夢想將反映在

to cut the number of gun deaths in the US in half by 2025.

2025年美國槍枝致死數 減半的目標上

And I hope to leave all of you here tonight

而今晚我將讓你了解

with a strong sense of exactly why that dream is so absolutely within reach.

這個夢想是多麼的垂手可得

Because folks,

因為大家，

for every great movement around the world,

世界歷史裡的每個偉大改變

there's a moment where you can look back and say,

都有一刻能讓你回首並說

"That's when things really started to change."

「事情從那刻開始不同。」

And I'm here to say

我要說

that for the movement to end gun violence in America,

對於停止美國槍枝暴力

that moment is here.

那一刻就是現在

(Applause)

(掌聲)

We are so clearly at a tipping point,

我們很明顯的站在轉捩點

because the American public has come together by the millions

美國大眾前所未有的團結

like never before, based on that common ground,

大家站在相同的立場

to say, "Enough."

並說「夠了！」

Enough of the mass shootings in malls and movie theaters

受夠了商場或電影院

and churches and schools.

或教堂或學校的大規模槍擊案

Enough of the daily terror of gun violence in homes and streets

受夠了每天在街角巷弄

that's claimed the lives of women and young black men

奪走婦女和黑人少年

in staggering proportions.

的槍枝暴力

Enough of easy access to guns

受夠了那些不該有槍的人

by the people that we all agree shouldn't have them.

那麼容易的就買到槍

And enough of a small group of craven politicians

受夠了少數沒擔當的政客

putting the interests of the corporate gun lobby

背棄他的選民

ahead of the people they have been elected to represent.

並向軍火利益靠攏

Enough.

夠了

(Applause)

(掌聲)

And the really exciting thing is, it's not just the usual suspects like me

令人振奮的是，不再只有像我這種人

that are saying it anymore.

如此主張

It's so much bigger than that.

實際人數超乎想像

And if you want proof,

如果你要證明

let's start where most conversations in the US seem to start --

就從美國最能挑起議題的人開始

with Kim Kardashian.

我是指 金·卡戴珊

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

And here's the thing: it's not really a joke.

然而 事實上這不是一個玩笑

I mean, think about when issues change.

我指 想一下黨問題改變後

It's when they go from being political and advocacy issues

這是黨他們把政治與宣傳問題

to being part of pop culture,

流行化

voices coming from everywhere, celebrities using their platforms,

名人用他們的平台 音樂家 運動員

musicians, athletes.

聲音從四面八方來

The NBA has come forward.

NBA聯盟已經出面

Conservative pundits that you never would have imagined

你永遠想不到的保守派人士

have come forward.

已經出面

There's real cultural change --

真正的文化變革已經出現

I even hear there's a TED Talk about it this year.

我甚至聽到今年有個TED演講於此有關

That's the extent to which this cultural change is happening.

這是文化變革正在發生的跡象

And yes, Kim Kardashian has made an unsolicited passionate appeal

是的 金·卡戴珊向她三千五百萬粉絲

to her 35 million Twitter followers

迫切呼籲

for expanded background checks.

購買槍枝必須有背景調查的重要性

Let's look at the political elections that are heating up.

讓我們看看時下正熱的大選

This used to be the classic third-rail issue for Democrats.

這曾經是民主黨人的經典三軌困境

Couldn't run from it fast enough.

大家都恨不得逃之夭夭

Now candidates are running on it.

現在候選人們正在面對它

Some are being forced to reverse very bad positions

有些人被強迫著改變

they defended very comfortably, until very recently.

那些直到最近他們都一味支持的角度

For somebody like me,

有一些像我一樣的人

watching people wave around their negative NRA ratings --

看著人們揮舞著他們的負面NRA評級

it's almost surreal to watch.

看上去非常超現實

We're still outfunded, yes, by the corporate gun lobby,

因為有軍火業的獻金 他們仍然比我們更有資源

and ultimately that needs to change.

但最終那需要被改變

But you know what?

但你知道

We're smarter and we're scrappier, and we have the truth on our side.

我們更聰明 我們更有鬥志 我們站在真理這一邊

And we're on offense.

還有我們處在進攻的位置上

You know, they say that the Internet democratizes information.

你知道 他們說網絡 可以將信息變得更加民主

Social media and some of the organizing tools that plug into it

社交媒體和隨其而來的組織應用程式

have democratized activism.

讓活動變得更加民主

It's allowed us to show what 90 percent support really looks like.

我們可以展現九成的支持度

Sometimes I think of it --

有時 我在想

you know, we're converging and attacking instantly by the millions,

你知道，我们會聚集起來 並瞬間以百萬的數量來攻擊

kind of like white blood cells.

有點像白血球

It's enabled us to start to really close -- and this is the bottom line --

它讓我們真正開始連結 從根本上

close that disgraceful disconnect

連結那個可恥的斷層

between what the American public wants

美國人民的民意

and what our elected leaders are doing about it.

和他們選出的政客的作為的斷層

Until recently,

直到最近

the narrative in Congress was that calls from the other side,

國會的立場一直站在

from that six percent,

百分之六的那邊

outnumbered calls from our side 10 to one.

是我們的十分之一

We're flipping that narrative on its head.

我們正在扭轉局勢

After that recent terrible tragedy in San Bernardino,

在最近發生在聖貝爾納蒂諾的可怕悲劇之後

we jammed Congressional switchboards.

我們打爆了國會的電話

We put 15,000 calls into Congress in 24 hours.

我們在24小時裡給國會打了15000個電話

And you know what?

然而你知道嗎

We got a vote on a bill

我們通過了一項法案

that nobody thought was going to see the light of day anytime soon.

一項沒有任何人看好的法案

We're seeing real movement to repeal some of the most evil,

我們看到過去十年因為金錢關說

ugly gun lobby legislation passed over the last dark decade.

而通過的那些槍枝惡法逐一被取消

The stranglehold of the gun lobby is clearly being broken.

遊說不再像過去這樣易如反掌

We've seen President Obama's historic executive actions.

我們看見奧巴馬總統歷史性的行政命令

They don't go all the way,

或許不很徹底

but they are going to save lives,

但已經足夠拯救某些生命

because they expand Brady background checks

布萊德利背景調查

to thousands of gun sales that didn't have them previously.

將強制落實到數以千計的槍枝交易當中

And we're marching across the country -- we're not just waiting

我們沒有在等待國會有所作為

for Congress to act; that would almost be the definition of insanity.

我們在全國遊行 儘管那很瘋狂

We're marching across the country,

我們要走遍全國

state by state, marriage-equality style.

一個州接著另一個州 跟婚姻平權一樣

And you know what? We're winning.

你知道嗎？我們正在贏

Congress is almost always the last to wake up and realize

國會總是那最後一個意識到

that it's on the wrong side of history.

它們正站在歷史的對面

And when they do, it's always because the American public shakes them.

它們需要美國社會的起來推動

And that's exactly what we're doing right now,

那就是我們在做的事情

as we're in this tipping point.

當我們處在這樣一個臨界點的時候

You know, recently I was flying cross-country to give a speech

最近我為了巡迴演講飛遍全國

to a large group like this, although far less intimidating,

雖然我的聽眾沒有今天這麼嚇人

and the woman sitting next to me happened to be binge-watching

飛機上 我身邊的女士

one of my all-time favorite TV shows, "Mad Men,"

瘋狂看著我也很喜歡的節目《廣告狂人》

a period TV show about advertising

一個有關六〇年代廣告業的

in the 1960s.

電視節目

And as I was trying to think about how to end my remarks,

當我在想要怎樣結束我的演說時

I'd glance up at her screen every now and then,

我不時抬頭看看她的螢幕

and it seemed that every time I did,

而每當我這麼做時

I'd see somebody smoking in an office or around children

螢幕裡不時有人在辦公室 或在孩子面前吸煙

or while pregnant or drinking and driving

就是有孕婦酒後駕駛

or driving without seat belts or sexually harassing a coworker.

開車不繫安全帶、辦公室性騷擾

And ultimately it dawned on me:

最終我恍然大悟

what tremendous inspiration

這對我們這些急迫想要改革槍枝文化的人

to those of us who have this dream to end gun violence.

是多大的鼓勵

I mean, think about how much the world has changed

想想看這個世界在這短短幾年裡

in a relatively short period of time,

改變了多少

how all those behaviors that were once considered commonplace or normal --

那些大家曾經習以為常

some even glamorous or sexy --

甚至覺得優雅或性感的行為

have become stigmatized in just a generation or two,

在短短一兩代人的時間裡 變得不可想像

once they became conversations about our common ground.

只要通過對話，尋找共識

That is the magnitude of the change we have the potential to create

就能把改變槍枝暴力文化的可能性

around gun violence.

變得無限大

And that's my dream,

這就是我的夢想

that maybe someday,

或許在未來的某一天

some period TV show will depict the terrible nightmare of gun violence,

某些古裝劇會描繪恐怖的槍械文化

and a future generation of children might only be able to imagine

而我們的下一代只能想像

how terrible it must have been.

那曾經是怎樣恐怖的夢魘

Thank you.

謝謝

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Thank you.

謝謝

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Thank you.

謝謝

(Applause)

（掌聲）