A smog vacuum cleaner and other magical city designs | Daan Roosegaarde

翻译人员: joya xue 校对人员: Sal Song

Do you remember these glow-in-the-dark little stars

还有人记得我们小时候 贴在天花板上的夜光小星星吗？

which you had on the ceiling when you were a boy or a girl?

Yes?

记得吧？

It is light.

这就是光，

It is pure light.

纯粹的光。

I think I stared at them way too long

你知道吗？我五岁的时候 花了无数的时间盯着它看。

when I was a five-year-old, you know?

It's so beautiful:

它太美好了——

no energy bill, no maintenance.

不耗电，不需要维修，

It is there.

单纯的存在着。

So two years ago, we went back to the lab,

于是两年前，

我们和专家一起在实验室里， 把它做得耐久，更亮。

making it more durable, more light-emitting,

with the experts.

And at the same time, we got a request from this guy --

同时我们接到了一个委托，

来自梵高，著名的梵高基金会——

Van Gogh, the famous Van Gogh Foundation --

who wanted to celebrate his 125th anniversary in the Netherlands.

他们在荷兰庆祝基金会成立125周年。

And they came to me and asked,

他们来找我，提出这样的要求，

"Can you make a place where he feels more alive again

“你们能不能创造一个空间，

让人觉得梵高在荷兰复活了？“

in the Netherlands?"

And I liked that question a lot,

这个要求，我很喜欢，

so in way,

可以这么说吧，

we sort of started to connect these two different worlds.

从某种程度上， 我们开始连接两个不同的世界。

This is how my brain works,

顺带一提， 我的大脑就是这么运作的。

by the way.

(Laughter)

（观众笑）

I would love to keep on doing this for an hour,

我好想一直这样弄一个小时，

but OK --

好啦好啦...

（观众笑）

(Laughter)

这是我们的最后的成果：

And this is the result that we made:

一条太阳能充电的自行车道，

a bicycle path which charges at daytime via the sun

and glows at night, up to eight hours.

夜晚能持续发光八个小时。

(Applause)

（鼓掌声）

Thank you.

谢谢大家。

... hinting towards a future which should be energy friendly

这是未来能源环保的预兆，

and linking up the local grounds

并且让这个地方看起来，

as Van Gogh literally walked and lived there in 1883.

好像1883年，梵高真的曾经 在这里生活行走过一样。

And you can go there every night for free, no ticket needed.

而且每天晚上都可以去， 免费，免门票。

People experience the beauty of cycling through the starry night,

在这里骑单车的体验， 像置身于美丽的星空，

一边还想着这里使用的能源 是多么环保又安全。

thinking about green energy and safety.

I want to create places where people feel connected again.

我想创造一个让人们觉得 环保和自己息息相关的地方，

And it was somehow great to make these projects happen

而这样的企划都莫名的 特别适合跟工业和基建公司合作。

with the industry, with the infrastructure companies.

So when these sheikhs of Qatar started to call:

后来卡塔尔的酋长们打电话来：

"How much for 10 kilometers?"

“那样的路，十公里要多少钱？”

(Laughter)

（观众笑）

Yeah, really, that's a weird call you're going to get.

真话，接到奇怪的电话在所难免嘛。

吸引人的地方在于，

But it's fascinating

that this is not just a sort of one-off, nice-to-have special.

这不是那种一次性的， 曾经拥有过也不错的福利，

I think this kind of creative thinking, these kinds of connections --

在我看来，这样的创造性思考， 这种相互连接感——

it's the new economy.

是最新的经济形态。

The World Economic Forum, the think tank in Geneva,

世界经济论坛的日内瓦智库

did an interview with a lot of smart people

对世界各地的聪明人做了一个访谈，

all around the world,

asking, "What are the top 10 skills you and I need to become successful?"

问他们： “成功最重要的10个技能是什么？”

And what is interesting, what you see here:

有意思的是，在这张清单上你们可以看到，

这无关金钱，

it's not about money

or being really good in C++,

也无关你是否精通C++语言，

although these are great skills to have, I have to admit.

尽管我必须承认这些技能很有用。

But look at number three, creativity;

但看里， 排第三的是创意；

number two, critical thinking;

排第二的是批判性思维；

number one, complex problem-solving --

排第一的是解决复合问题。

all the things a robot or a computer is really bad at.

这些都是机器人或者电脑难以完成的事。

And this makes me very optimistic, very hopeful for the new world,

这让我对新世界充满了乐观和希望，

that as we will live in this hyper-technological world,

我们将会生活在 有超级科技的未来世界，

our human skills --

人类独有的技能——

our desire for empathy,

对同理心的渴望，

our desire for curiosity,

对好奇心的追求，

our desire for beauty --

对美的不懈努力，

will be more appreciated again,

这些会再次被赋予更高的价值，

and we will live in a world where creativity is our true capital.

在我们未来生活的世界里， 创造力才是真正的资本。

And a creative process like that --

而创造的过程，

我不知道你们是怎样的啊，

I don't know how it works for you,

but in my brain, it always starts with a question:

反正对我来说， 总是从脑海里的一个问题开始的：

Why?

“为什么？”

Why does a jellyfish emit light?

为什么水母能发光？

Or a firefly?

还有萤火虫？

Or why do be accept pollution?

为什么我们对污染视若无睹？

This is from my room in Beijing three years ago.

这是三年前， 我在北京的房间看到的街景，

Left image is a good day -- Saturday.

左边是一个风和日丽的周六，

I can see the cars and the people, the birds;

我能看到车，人还有小鸟；

life is OK in a dense urban city.

在密集的都市生活也还可以。

And on the right image --

而右边的照片，

holy moly.

我的苍天啊！

Pollution -- complete layers.

污染——不见天日，

I couldn't even see the other side of the city.

我连城市的另一边都看不到。

And this image made me really sad.

这张照片让我非常难过，

This is not the bright future we envision here at TED --

这可不是我们在TED展望的美好未来，

this is the horror.

这让人毛骨悚然。

We live five to six years shorter;

这样的环境让人减寿5-6年，

children have lung cancer when they're six years old.

六岁的小孩子都可能会得肺癌。

And so in a weird, beautiful way,

北京的雾霾，在那个时候， 以一种玄之又玄的方式启发了我。

I, at that moment, became inspired by Beijing smog.

And the governments all around the world are fighting their war on smog,

世界各地的政府都在和雾霾作斗争，

但我想现在就做点什么。

but I wanted to make something within the now.

So we decided to build the largest smog vacuum cleaner

我们决定要打造世界上最大的 抗霾真空吸尘器，

in the world.

It sucks up polluted air, cleans it

它把雾霾吸进来，净化，

and then releases it.

然后再排出去。

And we built the first one.

我们造好了第一台，

So it sucks up 30,000 cubic meters per hour,

它每小时吸入量达3万立方米，

cleans it on the nano level -- the PM2.5, PM10 particles --

在纳米级别上对空气进行净化—— 清除PM2.5，PM10颗粒——

using very little electricity,

而且耗电量很低，

and then releases the clean air,

最后排出干净的空气，

so we have parks, playgrounds, which are 55 to 75 percent more clean

我们成功的让一些 公园和运动场的空气，

比城市其他地方清洁55%-75%。

than the rest of the city.

(Applause)

（掌声）

Yes!

没错！

(Applause)

（掌声）

And every month or so,

而且大概每过一个月，

it opens like a spaceship --

它会像太空船一样打开，

like a Marilyn Monroe with the -- well, you know what.

就像玛丽莲梦露的裙子—— 你懂的。

Anyway.

跑题了...

(Laughter)

（笑声）

So this ...

那么这个...

this is the stuff we are capturing.

我们捕捉到的这些东西，

This is Beijing smog.

就是北京的雾霾，

This is in our lungs right now.

现在就在我们的肺里。

如果你住在高速公路附近， 那相当等于每天抽17支烟。

If you live next to a highway, it's the same as 17 cigarettes per day.

Are we insane?

我们脑子坏掉了吗？

When did we say yes to that?

我们怎么能接受这种事呢？

And we had buckets of this disgusting material

我们的工作室里有无数桶 这种恶心的东西，

in our studio,

and on a Monday morning, we were discussing, we were like,

某个星期一的早上， 我们对此展开了一番讨论，

"Shit, what should we do with it? Should we throw it away?"

“呃，该拿这些东西怎么办 能不能直接扔了？”

Like, "Help!"

很无助的语气。

And then we realized: no, no, no, no, no --

然后我们意识到， 我们的思路错了——

waste should not exist.

世界上不该存在没有用的东西，

Waste for the one should be food for the other.

吾之砒霜，汝之蜜糖。

So, here, maybe show it around.

拿着，大家传阅一下，

Do not put this in your coffee.

注意不能饮用。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

And we realized that 42 percent is made out of carbon,

我们发现这东西的成份里 有42%是碳，

and carbon, of course, under high pressure,

众所周知，对碳施以高压，

you get ...

能得到...

diamonds.

钻石。

So, inspired by that, we compress it for 30 minutes --

所以呢，灵光一现， 我们给它加压了30分钟——

(Cracking sound)

（压缩声）

and make smog-free rings.

获得雾霾戒指！

(Laughter)

（观众笑）

And so by sharing -- yeah, really!

所以通过分享，我讲真的，

And so by sharing a ring,

通过分享一枚戒指，

you donate 1,000 cubic meters of clean air

你给无霾塔所在的城市 捐赠了1000立方米清洁的空气。

to the city the tower is in.

(Applause)

（鼓掌声）

I have one here --

我带了一枚，

(Applause)

（掌声）

A little floating cube.

一个悬浮的小方块。

I will give one to you.

送给你吧。

I'm not going to propose, don't worry.

别怕，我保证不求婚。

(Laughter)

（大笑）

Are we good?

拿好了吗？好。

You can show it around.

你可以给大家看看。

And we put this online -- Kickstarter campaign, crowdfunding.

我们在kickstarter之类的 众筹网站上线，

And people started to preorder it,

有人开始预定戒指，

but more importantly, they started to prepay it.

也就是说，人们愿意为它提前付款。

So the finance we made with the jewelry helped us to realize,

这枚首饰带来的进账让我们意识到，

to build the first tower.

建造第一个塔的意义的巨大，

And that's powerful.

So the waste the activator, it was the enabler.

而废物有效的利用， 具有真正的推进作用。

Also, the feedback from the community --

还有来自用户群体的反馈——

this is a wedding couple from India,

一对来自印度的新人，

where he proposed to her with the smog-free ring

新郎用雾霾戒指求的婚，

as a sign of true beauty,

这是美的象征，

as a sign of hope.

希望的象征，

And she said yes.

她的回答是：“我愿意。”

(Laughter)

（大笑）

I love this image so much for a lot of different reasons.

有无数个原因让我 对这张照片爱不释手。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

And right now, the project is touring through China,

这个项目正在中国进行路演，

并且得到了政府的支持。

actually with the support of China's central government.

我们的第一个目标是 为当地建造清洁空气公园，

So the first goal is to create local clean-air parks,

and that works already quite well --

已经获得相当的成效了，

55, 75 percent more clean.

清洁度提高了55-75个百分比，

And at the same time,

与此同次，

we team up with the NGOs,

我们跟非政府组织，地方官员， 学生以及科研人员合作，

with the governors,

with the students,

with the tech people,

to say, "Hey, what do we need to do to make a whole city smog-free?"

我们的目标是，整个城市都没有雾霾，

It's about the dream of clean air.

一个空气洁净的梦想。

We do workshops. New ideas pop up.

小组讨论时，我们有层出不穷的创意，

These are smog-free bicycles which -- I'm Dutch, yes? --

比如这个减霾单车， 就... 我是个荷兰人对吧？

我骨子里有单车情结。

I have this "bicycle DNA" inside of me somewhere.

And so it sucks up polluted air,

总之，它吸纳被污染的空气，

it cleans it and releases it,

竟然，然后再排放出来，

in the fight against the car,

就此，自行车在与燃油车的 对抗中扳回一城。

in the celebration of the bicycle.

And so right now, we're working on a sort of "package deal," so to speak,

我们正在计划推出一种“促销大礼包”，

where we say, "Smog-free towers, smog-free rings."

我们向世界各地的政府介绍 无霾塔和雾霾戒指，

We go to the mayors or the governors of this world,

and say, "We can guarantee a short-term reduction of pollution

向他们保证， 让污染短期降低20%-40%，

between 20 and 40 percent.

Please sign here right now."

希望他们立刻签下合同。

Yes?

没毛病吧？

(Applause)

（掌声）

Thank you.

谢谢大家。

(Applause)

（掌声）

So it's all about connecting new technology with creative thinking.

连接新的技术和创造性思维 是一切的关键所在，

And if you start thinking about that,

一旦你将此放在心上，

there is so much you can imagine,

想象的空间无边无际，

so much more you can do.

能做的太多了。

We worked on dance floors which produce electricity

我们研发过能利用 人们的舞步发电的舞池，

when you dance on them.

We did the design for that -- 2008.

在2008年，我们做出这个设计，

So it moves eight or nine millimeters,

它通过升降8到9毫米，

produces 25 watts.

产生25瓦的电力。

The electricity that we generate is used for the lighting or the DJ booth.

所产生的电力， 用于供给灯光和DJ台。

So some of the sustainability is about doing more,

有时候可持续发展， 需要的是做得更多，

not about doing less.

而不是更少。

But also on a larger scale,

但是从更大尺度来看，

the Netherlands, where I'm from, we live below sea level.

在荷兰， 我们生活的海拔在水平面之下，

So because of these beauties --

因为这些美丽的设计——

the Afsluitdijk: 32 kilometers, built by hand in 1932 --

阿夫鲁戴克拦海大坝，全场32公里， 人工建造于1932年——

we live with the water,

我们和水生活在一起，

we fight with the water,

和水抗争，

we try to find harmony,

尝试寻找和平共处的方法，

but sometimes we forget.

但有时候我们也会忘记。

And therefore, we made "Waterlicht,"

所以，我们建造了“水光”，

a combination of LEDs and lenses,

有LED灯和镜片组成，

which show how high the water level would be --

它展示了如果我们 不再尝试与自然和平共处，

global change --

温室效应将导致水平面升高多少。

if we stop.

If, today, we all go home and we say,

如果今天，我们回到家里，说，

"Oh, whatever, somebody else will do it for us,"

“管他的， 让别人来替我们做这些事吧”

or we'll wait for government or whomever.

等着政府或别的什么人来做。

You know, we're not going to do that.

你明白，那样是不行的，

会出问题的。

It goes wrong.

And we placed this in public spaces all around the world.

后来我们把这个放在 世界各地的公共场所，

Thousands of people showed up.

成千上万的人来参观。

(Applause)

（掌声）

Thank you.

谢谢大家。

You're too nice, you're too nice. That's not good for a designer.

你们太好了，太亲切了， 这对设计师来说可不好。

So thousands of people showed up,

那么，有无数的人来参观，

and some, actually, were scared.

而其中有一些人被吓坏了，

And they left; they experienced the floods in 1953.

他们就像经历了1953年的洪水， 直接离开了现场

And others were mesmerized.

而还有一些人对此感到着迷，

Can we make floating cities?

我们能建造漂浮的城市吗？

Can we generate electricity from the change in tides?

我们能依靠潮汐来发电吗？

So I think it's so important to make experiences --

我认为这是非常重要的， 创造这样的体验——

collective experiences --

群体性体验——

where people feel connected with a vision, with a future

让人们感到自己和未来、 和愿景息息相关，

and trigger what is possible.

被各种可能性启发。

At the same time,

与此同时，

you know, these kinds of things -- they're not easy, yes?

你们都知道， 这些事并不容易，不是吗？

It's a struggle.

这是一场困战。

And what I experienced in my life

我的经验是，

is that a lot of people say they want innovation,

很多人都会说，他们想要创新，

and they want the next and the new, the future.

想要新的科技，想要未来。

But the moment you present a new idea,

而一旦你表达几个新想法，

there's this weird tendency to reply to every new idea

对新观点的反应遵循一种奇怪的规律，

starting with two words.

以两个词开头，

Which are?

猜猜是什么？

(Audience guesses)

（观众猜测）

No, not "How much?" It's more annoying.

不，不是“多少钱？“ 比这个还气人。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

What is it, guys?

到底是什么呢？

Or you're really blessed people? That's really good.

看来你们都是好人。

"Yes, but." Very good.

“很好，但是。” 非常好。

"Yes, but: it's too expensive, it's too cheap, it's too fast, it's too slow,

“很好，但是这太贵了，太便宜了 太快了，太慢了，

it's too beautiful, it's too ugly, it cannot be done, it already exists."

太美了，太丑了， 这做不到，这已经有人做过了。“

我听过对一个方案能有的所有意见，

I heard everything about the same project

in the same week.

而且是在一个星期里。

And I got really, really annoyed.

我真的，真的，烦透了。

I got a bit of gray hair, started to dress in black like a true architect.

我开始长白头发， 开始像真正的设计师一样穿黑衣。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

And one morning I woke up and I said, "Daan, stop.

某天早上，我醒来以后对自己说： “达安，够了！

This is dragging you down.

你被这件事拖住了，

You have to do something with this.

你得做点什么，

You have to use it as an ingredient, as a component."

你必须把它当作一个素材， 一个元件。“

And so we decided to build,

于是，我们决定打造一把椅子， 来实体化这著名的“很好，但是”

to realize the famous "Yes, but" chair.

(Laughter)

（笑声）

And this is an existing chair by Friso Kramer, a Dutch design.

这是一把已经存在的椅子， 荷兰设计，弗里索·克拉墨。

But we gave it a little "update,"

但我们给它做了一点小小的“升级”，

a little "hack," so to speak.

或者说，小小的“系统入侵”。

We placed a little voice-recognition element right here.

我们在这安装了一个 语音识别元件，

So the moment you sit on that chair,

所以当你坐上椅子的那一刻，

and you say those two horrible,

只要你说出那两个可怕的词，

creative-destructive, annoying little words --

那两个毁灭创造性， 令人深痛恶绝的两个小词——

(Laughter)

（笑声）

you get a short --

你将受到一个短短的——

(Laughter)

（笑声）

but pretty intense

但是相当强烈的，

little shock on the back side of your bottom.

在你臀部后侧的小电击。

(Laughter)

（欢呼）

(Applause)

（掌声）

And --

而且——

(Applause)

（掌声）

and that works; yeah, that works.

这起作用了， 没错，它真的有用。

Some clients have left us, they got really mad.

一些客户怒发冲冠的离开了，

Fortunately, the good ones have stayed.

幸运的是，留下的都是好的。

And, of course, we also apply it to ourselves.

而且，我们对自己也这么做了。

But ladies and gentlemen, let's not be afraid.

但是女士们先生们，我们不要怕，

Let's be curious, yes?

我们要保持好奇，好吗？

And, you know, walking through TED in these days

这几天来往于TED会场，

and hearing the other speakers

听其他人的演讲，

and feeling the energy of the crowd,

感受到大家聚集在一起的能力，

I was remembering this quote of the Canadian author, Marshall McLuhan,

我想起了加拿大作家， 马歇尔·麦克卢汉的一句名言，

who once famously said,

"On spacecraft earth,

“在地球这座宇宙飞船上，

there are no passengers.

没有乘客，

We are all crew."

我们都是船员。“

And I think this so beautiful.

我觉得这好美，

This is so beautiful!

这实在是好美，

We're not just consumers; we're makers:

我们不只是消费者， 我们也是缔造者：

we make decisions,

我们作出决定

we make new inventions,

我们创新，

we make new dreams.

我们造梦。

And I think

我认为，

如果我们现在就开始进一步 实施那些想法，

if we start implementing that kind of thinking even more

within today,

there's still a whole new world to be explored.

一个全新的世界将等着我们去探索。

All right, thank you.

谢谢大家。

(Applause)

（掌声）

Thank you.

谢谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）