When You Inform Women, You Transform Lives | Paige Alexander | TED

翻译人员: Jia Z 校对人员: Yanyan Hong

So this is Anna.

这是安娜。

Four years ago in Guatemala City,

四年前，在危地马拉城，

she was literally at death's door.

她生命垂危。

Her husband had died,

她的丈夫去世了，

she had fallen into a deep depression, she had stopped eating.

她陷入了深深的抑郁之中， 她停止了进食。

She didn't have the stamina to walk door to door to sell the eggs,

她没有力气挨家挨户地走去卖鸡蛋，

which is what was supporting her family.

而这正是她养家糊口的经济来源。

Her daughters watched helplessly

她的女儿们无助地看着她，

as she gave every last penny she had to them.

她将最后一分钱都给了她们。

Until a neighbor said,

直到一位邻居说：

“Right down the street, there’s a city-run, free women’s clinic

“就在这条街上， 有一家市营的免费女性诊所，

where you can get help."

你可以在那里获得帮助。”

And that conversation changed her life.

那次谈话改变了她的生活。

She went to the center.

她去了那个诊所。

They treated her for malnutrition.

他们治疗了她的营养不良。

They gave her the mental health care she needed and other health support.

他们为她提供了所需的心理健康 和其他健康支持。

And now Anna and her two daughters make tortillas in a small,

现在，安娜和她的两个女儿

在一家女性经营的小公司里做玉米饼，

women-owned business,

and that's enough to support her family.

这足以养家糊口。

Anna was saved by information.

信息拯救了安娜。

So you hear that story and you probably think,

听到这个故事，你可能会想：

"Ah, another nice NGO doing some good work around the world."

“啊，又一个很好的非政府组织 在世界各地做善事。”

But when I hear that story,

但是当我听到这个故事时，

I think how the right information at the right time

我想到的是， 在正确的时间提供正确的信息

actually saved a woman's life.

实际上拯救了一个女人的生命。

That information saved Anna's life.

那个信息挽救了安娜的生命。

At the Carter Center,

在卡特中心，

we work in global health and peace around the world,

我们致力于维护全球健康和世界和平，

and I've been in the business long enough to know that there is no silver bullet

我在这个行业工作了足够长的时间， 知道解决世界问题

to solving our world's problems,

没有灵丹妙药，

but the closest thing we have is access to information.

但我们拥有的最接近的就是获取信息。

And I consider that a master key, because it unlocks human rights

我认为这是一把万能钥匙， 因为它为世界各地的每个人

for everyone around the world.

解锁了人权。

And it's because of that that Anna's life and many other women's lives were saved.

正因为如此，安娜和许多 其他女性的生命得以挽救。

So when you work for President Carter,

当你为卡特总统工作时，

you spend a lot of time thinking about human rights.

你会花很多时间思考人权问题。

And when your other boss is Rosalynn Carter,

而当你的另一位上司是罗莎琳·卡特 （Rosalynn Carter）时，

you spend a lot of time thinking about women's rights.

你会花很多时间思考女性权利。

My favorite thing on Mrs. Carter's desk is a picture that she keeps

卡特夫人办公桌上我最喜欢的是一张

of a group of women in front of the White House in 1977,

1977 年一群女性在白宫前

protesting against the Equal Rights Amendment.

抗议《平等权利修正案》的照片。

And when I asked her, "Why do you keep that on your desk?"

当我问她： “你为什么把它放在办公桌上？”

She said, because she wanted to be reminded

她说，因为她希望有人提醒她

of the work that she had left to do.

有待做的工作。

Now, you don't have to be a former president of the United States,

现在，你不必是美国前总统

or a former first lady,

或前第一夫人，

to understand the power of sharing information.

就能理解共享信息的力量。

Honestly, obviously the platform does not hurt.

老实说，有平台显然没有坏处。

But what we do now is we look at how we match information needs

但是我们现在要做的是 研究如何将信息需求

with information wants that exist.

与现有的信息需求相匹配。

So when we talk to President Carter

因此，当我们与卡特总统谈论

about the fact that there's a gap

男女获得信息的方式

between how men and women receive information,

存在差距这一事实时，

we ask very specifically, we want to run a program on this.

我们会非常具体地询问， 我们想就此开展一项计划。

But he is a very disciplined engineer,

但他是一位非常严谨的工程师，

and he said, "It's an interesting thesis, but can you prove it

他说：“这是一个有趣的论文， 但你能证明它吗？

and can you come up with a program

你能想出一个

that's actually going to make a difference?"

真正能带来改变的程序吗？”

So not working on anecdotal information,

因此，我们不是研究传闻信息，

we decided to survey about 2,000 women --

而是决定对大约 2,000 名危地马拉、

people in Guatemala, Liberia, Bangladesh --

利比里亚、孟加拉国的女性进行调查，

and we wanted to ask government offices: “Are women seeking information?”

我们想问问政府办公室： “女性在寻求信息吗？”

And so when you go into a government office,

因此，当你进入政府办公室时，

you'll find women who might be sitting there,

你会发现那些勇敢面对困难的女性

if they brave the odds,

可能坐在那里，

but they're being ignored, they're being questioned,

但她们却被忽视、被质疑，

or they're actually being derided.

或者实际上是在被嘲笑。

And so we thought, what are the barriers to finding this information for women?

所以我们想，女性获得 这些信息的障碍是什么？

Well we all know,

众所周知，

data illiteracy is greater among women.

女性的数据文盲率更高。

They have less chance of education,

她们受教育的机会较少，

transportation can be very difficult.

交通也很困难。

You look at gender norms and cultural norms,

你看看性别规范和文化规范，

often women are responsible for not only full-time childcare

通常女性不仅要负责全职育儿，

but also raising the family and working.

还负责养家糊口和工作。

And it also can be very dangerous if they take transportation on their own.

而且，如果她们自己乘坐交通工具 也可能非常危险。

And so one government office building,

在一栋政府办公大楼，

we noticed that there were no women's bathrooms.

我们注意到没有女性洗手间。

So if anyone had gone in to try to seek the information,

因此，如果有人试图进去寻找信息，

they were there all day without a restroom.

她们整天都在那里，没有洗手间。

So we thought, what can we do to change the situation?

所以我们想，我们能做些什么 来改变这种情况？

So we decided that all politics is local and all development is local.

我们决定所有政治都是地方性的， 所有的发展都是地方性的。

And so we hired local information liaisons

因此，我们聘请了当地信息联络员

to help connect the dots for women to get the information they needed.

来帮助女性获得所需的信息。

For example, in Dhaka in Bangladesh,

例如，在孟加拉国的达卡，

there was a woman who wanted to get a streetlight in her slum,

有一位女性想在贫民窟里安装路灯，

but her father had said, "Don't ask for the information.

但她的父亲说：“不要问这些信息。

This is not your position.

这不是你该管的。

You won't get it."

你不会得到的。”

So when the street lamp showed up, he was incredibly proud of her.

因此，当路灯出现时， 他为她感到无比自豪。

And in Liberia,

在利比里亚，

a group of women came together and they sought information

一群女性聚集在一起，寻求有关

on county development funds.

县发展基金的信息。

And with that money,

有了这笔钱，

they were able to open a soap business.

她们就能做肥皂生意了。

And that created an entire community of women entrepreneurs.

这创造了一个完全由 女性企业家组成的社区。

So it's great to do this one information liaison at a time.

因此，进行一次信息联络真是太好了。

But the reality is we wanted to scale up.

但现实是我们想扩大规模。

So in 2021, in the middle of the pandemic,

因此，在 2021 年疫情期间，

we decided to start a campaign called Inform Women, Transform Lives.

我们决定发起一项名为 “告知女性，改变生活” 的运动。

And it was to connect women with information

这是为了将女性与她们

that was out there that they did not have.

缺少的信息联系起来。

So we're now on five continents, across 35 different cities,

我们现在遍布五大洲， 横跨 35 个不同的城市，

from Atlanta to Chicago,

从亚特兰大到芝加哥，

from Dublin to Rotterdam,

从都柏林到鹿特丹，

from Sao Paulo to Kathmandu.

从圣保罗到加德满都。

And it hits 215 million people,

通过城市项目，

215 million citizens who can be affected by information

2.15 亿人、2.15 亿市民

through the city's programs.

都能受到信息的影响。

So this is how it works.

所以这就是它的工作原理。

We start with the city,

我们从城市开始，

we find a city service that women have access to

找到女性可以获得但却不知道的

but they don't know about it

城市服务，

because they haven't been told.

因为没有人告诉她们。

And then we run radio jingles,

然后我们播放广播歌曲、

we do murals, we do transit ads,

制作壁画、制作公交广告、

we use social media,

使用社交媒体，

and we get them the information.

并向她们提供信息。

We meet women where they are.

我们在女性所在的地方认识她们。

So it seems quite simple.

所以看起来很简单。

and the results were real.

结果是真实的。

In Sao Paulo there was 86 percent uptick in the information

在圣保罗，收到的有关性别暴力

that was received for gender-based violence and domestic violence.

和家庭暴力的信息增加了 86％。

In Nairobi, we were able to put the sign up

在内罗毕，我们张贴了一个广告牌，

that actually was a hotline for women who wanted help on domestic violence.

实际上是为需要家庭暴力帮助的女性 开设的热线电话。

Before this billboard went up,

在这个广告牌出现之前，

there were 10 calls to that hotline.

该热线接到了 10 个电话。

After this billboard went up, there were 500 calls.

这个广告牌出现后，有 500 个电话。

That's 490 women who needed the assistance the month before

也就是说，有 490 名女性 在前一个月需要援助，

but didn't even know it existed.

但根本不知道援助的存在。

(Applause)

（掌声）

In Cape Town, we brought women together from a township,

在开普敦，我们把来自一个城镇的 女性聚集在一起，

we brought them to the public library.

把她们带到了公共图书馆。

We had the city talk about how to access information services,

我们让这座城市的人们 讨论如何获取信息服务，

and there was an uptick in everything

结果从要求清洁街道

from requests for street cleaning to COVID vaccinations.

到接种新冠疫苗等各种需求 都出现了增长。

And in Kampala,

在坎帕拉，

women were able to get increased loans

女性能够获得更多的贷款，

so women entrepreneurs could start.

这样女性企业家就可以开始创业。

In Chicago,

在芝加哥，

the benefit of having a city keycard

许多女性在我们开展活动之前

was something that many women didn't know about

并不知道拥有城市钥匙卡

until we started the campaign.

的好处。

It serves as a government ID,

它可用作政府身份证、

a health prescription card, a transit card,

健康处方卡、交通卡、

a public library card,

公共图书馆卡，

and there was a 225 percent uptick

芝加哥市的申请量

in requests for the city of Chicago.

增加了 225％ 。

And then here in Atlanta,

在亚特兰大，

we have a program that we call “safe spots.”

我们有一个叫做“安全点”的计划。

It’s a program that the city started to create, in fire stations,

这是一个由市政府发起的计划， 目的是在消防站

a safe spot for women and children

为遭受家庭虐待的

who are going through domestic abuse to enter.

女性和儿童设立一个安全点。

The fire station shuts down,

消防站关闭，

the immediate assistance is given to the person who needs it,

向有需要的人提供即时援助，

and it's very difficult to walk into a police station

而如果遇到家庭虐待情况，

if you're in a domestic abuse situation.

走进警察局是非常困难的。

But fire stations we've all been to,

但是我们都去过消防站，

we've all sat there, we've rang the bell,

我们都坐在那里，拉过铃，

people feel more comfortable.

人们感觉更舒服了。

And we always have to check our assumptions

而且我们总是要检查我们的假设，

because the reality is we thought

因为现实情况是，

this was going to be something that was used

我们本以为城镇的低收入地区

in the lower-income parts of town,

会使用这种方法，

but in fact, the data shows that in the more affluent areas,

但事实上，数据显示，在较富裕的地区，

people are walking into those fire stations as safe spots.

人们正走进这些消防站， 将其作为安全场所。

So we all do our work for very different reasons.

我们工作的原因都大不相同。

I will tell you that I am the daughter

我要告诉你，我是一位非常了不起的

of an incredibly amazing woman

女人的女儿，

who taught me I could be anything that my three older brothers could be.

她教会我可以像我的三个哥哥一样 成为任何人。

I am now a mother of two amazing daughters, who are incredibly independent,

我现在是两个了不起的女儿的母亲， 她们非常独立，

and a very well-trained and sensitized teenage son.

我还有一个训练有素、 敏感的十几岁的儿子。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

We need more of those.

我们需要更多这样的人。

(Applause)

（掌声）

And often it’s my vision of Mrs. Carter’s picture

我常常看到卡特夫人

that is sitting on her desk

放在她桌子上的照片，

reminding me that for 40 years she looked at that picture,

这提醒我，40 年来， 她一直看着那张照片，

and she knew that that was work that still needed to be done.

她知道那是还有待完成的工作。

Or, of course, it could be the fact that President Carter,

当然，也可能是因为卡特总统，

who is 99 and still cares deeply about this issue,

他已经 99 岁了， 但仍然非常关心这个问题，

when he was 89, at the spry age of 89,

他在 89 岁的高龄时

he wrote a book on women's issues and human rights,

写了一本关于女性问题和人权的书，

and he gave a talk at TEDWomen.

并在 TEDWomen 发表了演讲。

(Applause)

（掌声）

He has always taught me

他一直教导我，

that wherever we go in the world, people are intelligent,

无论我们走到哪里，人们都很聪明，

they care about their families, they're hardworking,

他们关心家庭，他们勤奋工作，

but they often just don't have the information

但他们往往只是没有获得

that they need to be successful.

成功所需的信息。

And so it's my job,

因此，帮助女性获得这些信息

it's all of our jobs,

是我的工作，

to help women get that information,

也是我们所有人的工作，

because it's really quite simple.

因为这真的很简单。

When you inform women, you transform lives.

当你为女性提供信息时， 你就改变了她们的生活。

Thank you.

谢谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）