When You Inform Women, You Transform Lives | Paige Alexander | TED

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: 麗玲 辛

So this is Anna.

這是安娜。

Four years ago in Guatemala City,

四年前，在瓜地馬拉市，

she was literally at death's door.

她真的是一隻腳踏進了鬼門關。

Her husband had died,

她的丈夫過世了，

she had fallen into a deep depression, she had stopped eating.

她陷入憂鬱深淵中，不吃東西。

She didn't have the stamina to walk door to door to sell the eggs,

她沒有體力可以挨家挨戶去賣蛋，

which is what was supporting her family.

她的家庭本來是靠賣蛋維生的。

Her daughters watched helplessly

她的女兒們只能無助地旁觀， 她把她所有的錢都給了她們。

as she gave every last penny she had to them.

Until a neighbor said,

直到有位鄰居說：

“Right down the street, there’s a city-run, free women’s clinic

「就在這條街上， 有一間公營的免費女性診所

where you can get help."

可以幫你。」

And that conversation changed her life.

那次對話改變了她的人生。

She went to the center.

她去了那間診所。

They treated her for malnutrition.

他們治療了她的營養不良，

They gave her the mental health care she needed and other health support.

提供她所需的心理健康 照護及其他健康扶助。

And now Anna and her two daughters make tortillas in a small,

現在，安娜和她的兩個女兒

在一間女性開的小店裡 做玉米粉薄烙餅，

women-owned business,

and that's enough to support her family.

賺的錢足以養家糊口。

Anna was saved by information.

資訊救了安娜一命。

So you hear that story and you probably think,

聽到這個故事之後，各位可能會想：

「啊，又一個善心的非營利組織 在世界各地做好事。」

"Ah, another nice NGO doing some good work around the world."

But when I hear that story,

但當我聽到這個故事，

I think how the right information at the right time

我想的是：對的資訊在對的時機出現，

actually saved a woman's life.

真的拯救了一名女子的性命。

That information saved Anna's life.

那資訊救了安娜一命。

At the Carter Center,

在卡特中心，我們從事 全球健康及世界和平相關的工作，

we work in global health and peace around the world,

我在這個行業待得夠久， 很清楚沒有萬靈丹

and I've been in the business long enough to know that there is no silver bullet

to solving our world's problems,

可以解決這個世界的問題，

but the closest thing we have is access to information.

但我們手上最接近萬靈丹的 就是資訊的取得。

And I consider that a master key, because it unlocks human rights

我認為它是把萬能鑰匙，因為它能

為全世界的每個人開啟人權。

for everyone around the world.

And it's because of that that Anna's life and many other women's lives were saved.

正因為如此，安娜 及許多其他女性得救了。

So when you work for President Carter,

當你為卡特總統工作時，

你會花很多時間思考人權。

you spend a lot of time thinking about human rights.

And when your other boss is Rosalynn Carter,

且當你的另一個老闆 是羅莎琳‧卡特時，

you spend a lot of time thinking about women's rights.

你會花很多時間思考女權。

My favorite thing on Mrs. Carter's desk is a picture that she keeps

卡特夫人的辦公桌上， 我最喜歡的東西

是她放的一張照片，

of a group of women in front of the White House in 1977,

那張照片是 1977 年 一群女性聚集在白宮前面，

protesting against the Equal Rights Amendment.

抗議《平等權利修正案》。

And when I asked her, "Why do you keep that on your desk?"

當我問她：「你為什麼 把它放在桌上？」

She said, because she wanted to be reminded

她說，因為她希望這照片能提醒她

of the work that she had left to do.

她還有未完成的工作要做。

Now, you don't have to be a former president of the United States,

即使你不是前美國總統 或前第一夫人，

or a former first lady,

也一樣能了解分享資訊的力量。

to understand the power of sharing information.

Honestly, obviously the platform does not hurt.

老實說，這個平台顯然是無害的。

But what we do now is we look at how we match information needs

但我們目前在做的 是去探討如何做匹配，

把資訊需求和現有的 資訊缺乏做配對。

with information wants that exist.

So when we talk to President Carter

因此，當我們去和卡特總統談

about the fact that there's a gap

男性和女性在接收資訊方面有落差時，

between how men and women receive information,

we ask very specifically, we want to run a program on this.

我們非常明確地提出，我們希望 能針對此進行一個專案計畫。

But he is a very disciplined engineer,

但他是個有條不紊的工程師，

and he said, "It's an interesting thesis, but can you prove it

他說：「這是個有趣的論點， 但你們能證明嗎？

and can you come up with a program

且你們能否提出一個真正 能帶來改變的專案計畫？」

that's actually going to make a difference?"

So not working on anecdotal information,

因此，

不能只靠軼事資訊來做事，

we decided to survey about 2,000 women --

我們決定對約兩千名女性 進行一項調查——

people in Guatemala, Liberia, Bangladesh --

瓜地馬拉、賴比瑞亞、孟加拉的人——

我們想要問政府機關： 「女性有在尋找資訊嗎？」

and we wanted to ask government offices: “Are women seeking information?”

And so when you go into a government office,

當你走進政府機關，你會發現

you'll find women who might be sitting there,

也許會有勇敢面對 困境的女性坐在那裡，

if they brave the odds,

but they're being ignored, they're being questioned,

但她們被忽視、

被質問，或者甚至被嘲弄。

or they're actually being derided.

And so we thought, what are the barriers to finding this information for women?

於是我們在想，女性要找到 這些資訊的障礙是什麼？

Well we all know,

我們都知道，

data illiteracy is greater among women.

女性中看不懂資料的比例比較高。

They have less chance of education,

她們受教育的機會比較低，

transportation can be very difficult.

交通對她們可能也很困難。

You look at gender norms and cultural norms,

看看性別規範和文化規範，

often women are responsible for not only full-time childcare

通常女性要負責的不僅是全職育兒，

but also raising the family and working.

還要肩負養家和工作。

And it also can be very dangerous if they take transportation on their own.

而且她們自己乘坐交通工具 也是相當危險的事。

And so one government office building,

我們注意到有一棟 政府辦公大樓沒有女廁。

we noticed that there were no women's bathrooms.

So if anyone had gone in to try to seek the information,

所以如果有人進去尋求資訊，

they were there all day without a restroom.

就要整天待在那且沒有廁所可用。

So we thought, what can we do to change the situation?

我們就在想，我們能做什麼 來改變這個狀況？

So we decided that all politics is local and all development is local.

我們認為，所有的政治情況 和發展都是地方性的。

And so we hired local information liaisons

因此我們僱用了當地的 資訊溝通員來幫忙拼湊線索，

to help connect the dots for women to get the information they needed.

讓女性能取得她們需要的資訊。

For example, in Dhaka in Bangladesh,

比如，在孟加拉的達卡，

there was a woman who wanted to get a streetlight in her slum,

有名女子想要為她住的 貧民窟設立一盞路燈，

but her father had said, "Don't ask for the information.

但她的父親說： 「別去問這方面的資訊，

This is not your position.

這不是你的身份可以 問的。你辦不到的。」

You won't get it."

So when the street lamp showed up, he was incredibly proud of her.

所以當路燈設立起來時， 他非常以她為傲。

And in Liberia,

在賴比瑞亞，一群女子集結起來，

a group of women came together and they sought information

尋找關於縣內發展基金的資訊。

on county development funds.

有了這筆錢，

And with that money,

they were able to open a soap business.

她們便能創立一家肥皂公司。

And that created an entire community of women entrepreneurs.

那創造了一群女性企業家。

So it's great to do this one information liaison at a time.

一次做一項聯絡是很棒，

But the reality is we wanted to scale up.

但實際上我們想要把規模做大。

So in 2021, in the middle of the pandemic,

因此，2021 年，正值疫情時，

we decided to start a campaign called Inform Women, Transform Lives.

我們決定發起一項活動，叫 「給女性資訊，改變人生」。

And it was to connect women with information

旨在協助女性連結到可得 但她們之前不知道的資訊，

that was out there that they did not have.

So we're now on five continents, across 35 different cities,

我們的活動範圍包括五大洲， 三十五個不同的城市，

from Atlanta to Chicago,

從亞特蘭大到芝加哥，

from Dublin to Rotterdam,

從都柏林到鹿特丹，

from Sao Paulo to Kathmandu.

從聖保羅到加德滿都。

And it hits 215 million people,

此活動惠及兩億一千五百萬人，

215 million citizens who can be affected by information

兩億一千五百萬名市民 能透過該城市的計畫，

through the city's programs.

取得資訊而受惠。

So this is how it works.

它的運作方式如下：

We start with the city,

我們從城市開始，

we find a city service that women have access to

我們找出女性可使用的城市服務，

但沒有人告訴她們，所以 她們並不知道可以去使用。

but they don't know about it

because they haven't been told.

And then we run radio jingles,

接著我們在廣播上放廣告歌曲，

we do murals, we do transit ads,

我們做壁畫、做公共交通廣告，

we use social media,

我們運用社群媒體，

and we get them the information.

女性在哪裡，我們就把 資訊帶到那裡給她們。

We meet women where they are.

So it seems quite simple.

似乎相當簡單， 而結果是很真實的。

and the results were real.

In Sao Paulo there was 86 percent uptick in the information

在聖保羅，女性接收到的 性別暴力及家暴相關資訊

that was received for gender-based violence and domestic violence.

提升了 86%。

In Nairobi, we were able to put the sign up

在奈洛比，我們設置了一個看板，

that actually was a hotline for women who wanted help on domestic violence.

上面是一條熱線電話，

提供給需要家暴相關協助的女性。

Before this billboard went up,

在這個告示牌搭建起來之前，

那條熱線只接到十通來電。

there were 10 calls to that hotline.

After this billboard went up, there were 500 calls.

告示牌搭建起來之後，五百通。

That's 490 women who needed the assistance the month before

也就是說，有四百九十名女性 在前一個月就需要協助，

but didn't even know it existed.

卻不知道有這條熱線存在。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

In Cape Town, we brought women together from a township,

在開普敦，我們聚集了 某個小鎮上的女性，

we brought them to the public library.

我們帶她們到公立圖書館。

我們請該城市人員說明 如何取得資訊服務，

We had the city talk about how to access information services,

and there was an uptick in everything

結果各種請求，從需要街道清理到 新冠肺炎疫苗，通通增加了。

from requests for street cleaning to COVID vaccinations.

And in Kampala,

在坎帕拉，

women were able to get increased loans

女性能取得更多的貸款， 讓女企業家可以開始創業。

so women entrepreneurs could start.

In Chicago,

在芝加哥，擁有城市 鑰匙卡有許多好處，

the benefit of having a city keycard

was something that many women didn't know about

但在我們開始做活動之前， 許多女性都不知情。

until we started the campaign.

It serves as a government ID,

鑰匙卡可以當政府認證的身分證明、

a health prescription card, a transit card,

健康處方卡、

交通卡、公立圖書館借書卡，

a public library card,

and there was a 225 percent uptick

之後，芝加哥城市鑰匙卡的 索取增加了 225%。

in requests for the city of Chicago.

在亞特蘭大這裡，

And then here in Atlanta,

we have a program that we call “safe spots.”

我們有個計畫叫做「安全地」， 是由市政府發起，

It’s a program that the city started to create, in fire stations,

在消防局設立一個安全地，

a safe spot for women and children

讓經歷家暴的女性和孩童可以進來。

who are going through domestic abuse to enter.

The fire station shuts down,

消防局會關閉起來，

the immediate assistance is given to the person who needs it,

馬上提供協助給前來求助的人，

and it's very difficult to walk into a police station

如果你遇到家暴，要走進 警察局是件很困難的事，

if you're in a domestic abuse situation.

But fire stations we've all been to,

但我們都去過消防局， 我們都在那裡坐過，拉過鈴，

we've all sat there, we've rang the bell,

people feel more comfortable.

人們在那裡覺得更自在。

And we always have to check our assumptions

我們總是得檢視我們的假設，

because the reality is we thought

因為現實是，我們以為

this was going to be something that was used

較低收入地區的人才會使用這項服務，

in the lower-income parts of town,

but in fact, the data shows that in the more affluent areas,

但實際上，資料顯示， 在比較富裕的地區，

people are walking into those fire stations as safe spots.

居民也會走入這些 作為安全地的消防局。

So we all do our work for very different reasons.

我們從事這些工作， 都是出於不同的理由。

I will tell you that I am the daughter

我可以告訴各位，我的母親

of an incredibly amazing woman

是位很了不起的女人，

who taught me I could be anything that my three older brothers could be.

她告訴我，我的三位哥哥 能做的，我也都能做。

I am now a mother of two amazing daughters, who are incredibly independent,

我自己現在也是母親了， 有兩個非常獨立的女兒，

and a very well-trained and sensitized teenage son.

和一個訓練良好 且很敏感的青少年兒子。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

We need more of those.

我們需要更多這種青年。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

And often it’s my vision of Mrs. Carter’s picture

常常，當我回想卡特夫人 放在她桌上的那張照片，

that is sitting on her desk

這提醒我，四十年來， 她看著那張照片，

reminding me that for 40 years she looked at that picture,

and she knew that that was work that still needed to be done.

知道還有工作，需要她去完成。

Or, of course, it could be the fact that President Carter,

或者，也可能是因為卡特總統，

who is 99 and still cares deeply about this issue,

他現在已經九十九歲了， 仍然很關心這個議題，

when he was 89, at the spry age of 89,

在他八十九歲時，仍然活力充沛， 寫了一本關於女性議題和人權的書，

he wrote a book on women's issues and human rights,

and he gave a talk at TEDWomen.

他也到 TEDWomen 演講。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

He has always taught me

他一直教導我，

that wherever we go in the world, people are intelligent,

不論我們走到世界的哪個角落，

人們都很聰明，

they care about their families, they're hardworking,

他們關心家人，他們辛勤工作，

but they often just don't have the information

但他們通常缺乏 成功所需要的資訊。

that they need to be successful.

And so it's my job,

所以，我的工作， 我們所有人的工作，

it's all of our jobs,

to help women get that information,

是要協助女性取得那些資訊，

because it's really quite simple.

因為這真的相當簡單。

When you inform women, you transform lives.

當你給女性資訊， 就能改變她們的人生。

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）