How to build (and rebuild) trust | Frances Frei

744,584 views ใƒป 2018-05-25

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Yoonyoung Chang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:13
I want to talk to you about how to build and rebuild trust,
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์ €๋Š” ์‹ ๋ขฐ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ ์žฌํ˜•์„ฑ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
because it's my belief that trust
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
is the foundation for everything we do,
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00:24
and that if we can learn to trust one another more,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋” ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:29
we can have unprecedented human progress.
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์ „๋ก€ ์—†๋Š” ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ง„์ „์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
But what if trust is broken?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ๊นจ์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
00:38
What if your CEO is caught on video, disparaging an employee?
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๋งŒ์ผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ CEO๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ง์›์„ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์˜์ƒ์— ์žกํžŒ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
00:45
What if your employees experience a culture of bias, exclusion and worse?
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์ง์›๋“ค์ด ํŽธํ–ฅ, ์†Œ์™ธ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋” ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
00:53
What if there's a data breach,
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์œ ์ถœ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:55
and it feels an awful lot like a cover-up than seriously addressing it?
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์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์€ํํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
01:02
And most tragically,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น„๊ทน์ ์ด๊ฒŒ๋„
01:04
what if a technological fail leads to the loss of human life?
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ์‹คํŒจ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์•—์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
01:11
If I was giving this talk six months ago,
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์ด ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ 6๊ฐœ์›” ์ „์— ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:13
I would have been wearing an Uber T-shirt.
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์ „ ์•„๋งˆ ์šฐ๋ฒ„ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
I'm a Harvard Business School professor,
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์ €๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ ๊ฒฝ์˜๋Œ€ํ•™์›์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ
01:20
but I was super attracted to going to an organization
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๋น„์œ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ•ซํ•œ
01:25
that was metaphorically and perhaps quite literally on fire.
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๊ธฐ์—…์— ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ๋งค๋ ฅ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
I had read everything that was written in the newspaper,
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์ €๋Š” ์‹ ๋ฌธ์— ์“ฐ์—ฌ์ง„ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ๊ณ 
01:35
and that was precisely what drew me to the organization.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์• ์ดˆ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์—…์— ๋Œ๋ฆฐ ์ด์œ ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
This was an organization that had lost trust
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์ด ๊ธฐ์—…์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์› ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€
01:42
with every constituent that mattered.
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์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
But there's a word about me that I should share.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
My favorite trait is redemption.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ์€ ์†์ฃ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
I believe that there is a better version of us around every corner,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ตฌ์„๊ตฌ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ณ 
01:58
and I have seen firsthand
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์ €๋Š” ์ง์ ‘ ๋ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
how organizations and communities
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๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ
02:03
and individuals change at breathtaking speed.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ์ˆจ ๋ง‰ํžˆ๊ฒŒ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”.
02:08
I went to Uber with the hopes that a turnaround there
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์ €๋Š” ๋„์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํŽธํ˜‘ํ•œ ๋ฉด์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„
02:12
could give license to the rest of us
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ง„์ „์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š”
02:15
who might have narrower versions of their challenges.
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ํฌ๋ง์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฒ„๋กœ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
But when I got to Uber, I made a really big mistake.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฒ„๋กœ ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง ํฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:26
I publicly committed to wearing an Uber T-shirt every day
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์ €๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ์šฐ๋ฒ„ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ณต์–ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
until every other employee was wearing an Uber T-shirt.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฒ„ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ž…์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:36
I had clearly not thought that through.
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์ „ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ˆ™๊ณ ํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:40
It was 250 days of wearing an Uber T-shirt.
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์ „ ์šฐ๋ฒ„ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ 250์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ์ž…์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
Now I am liberated from that commitment,
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์ด์ œ ์ „ ๊ทธ ์•ฝ์†์—์„œ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ๋์ง€๋งŒ
02:50
as I am back at HBS,
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ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ ๊ฒฝ์˜๋Œ€ํ•™์›์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
02:52
and what I'd like to do is share with you
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
02:56
how far I have taken that liberty,
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๊ทธ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
which, it's baby steps,
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๊ฑธ์Œ๋งˆ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
03:04
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:05
but I would just say I'm on my way.
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์ „ ์ œ ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:09
Now, trust, if we're going to rebuild it,
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์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ์žฌํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:12
we have to understand its component parts.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
The component parts of trust are super well understood.
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์‹ ๋ขฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
There's three things about trust.
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์‹ ๋ขฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
If you sense that I am being authentic,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ •์„ฑ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:28
you are much more likely to trust me.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
If you sense that I have real rigor in my logic,
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์ œ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:37
you are far more likely to trust me.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
And if you believe that my empathy is directed towards you,
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์ œ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ํ–ฅํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:45
you are far more likely to trust me.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
When all three of these things are working,
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์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ
03:51
we have great trust.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
But if any one of these three gets shaky,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
03:57
if any one of these three wobbles,
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์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ํ”๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
04:01
trust is threatened.
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์‹ ๋ขฐ๋Š” ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
Now here's what I'd like to do.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
I want each of us to be able to engender more trust tomorrow,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์ผ์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์Œ“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
04:11
literally tomorrow, than we do today.
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ด์ผ, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
04:15
And the way to do that is to understand where trust wobbles for ourselves
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๊ณ 
04:21
and have a ready-made prescription to overcome it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
So that's what I would like to do together.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ด๋ณด๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
Would you give me some sense of whether or not you're here voluntarily?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์™”๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
04:31
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:33
Yeah. OK. Alright. Awesome.
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๋„ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
OK. So --
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
04:36
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:38
it's just super helpful feedback.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ณ  ๋„์›€๋˜๋Š” ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:42
So the most common wobble is empathy.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํžˆ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
The most common wobble
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์€
04:50
is that people just don't believe that we're mostly in it for them,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
04:55
and they believe that we're too self-distracted.
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
And it's no wonder.
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๋†€๋ž„ ์ผ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
05:01
We are all so busy with so many demands on our time,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ”์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
it's easy to crowd out the time and space
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๊ณต๊ฐ์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—
05:08
that empathy requires.
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๋นˆํ‹ˆ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ์ฃ .
05:10
For Dylan to be Dylan, that takes real time.
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๋”œ๋Ÿฐ์—๊ฒŒ ๋”œ๋Ÿฐ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
And for us, if we have too much to do, we may not have that time.
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ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:20
But that puts us into a vicious cycle,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์•…์ˆœํ™˜์— ๋น ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:22
because without revealing empathy,
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๊ณต๊ฐ์„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
05:25
it makes everything harder.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
Without the benefit of the doubt of trust, it makes everything harder,
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์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง€๊ณ 
05:31
and then we have less and less time for empathy, and so it goes.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ ์  ๋” ๊ณต๊ฐ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
So here's the prescription:
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
identify where, when and to whom
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ง‘์ค‘์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€
05:46
you are likely to offer your distraction.
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์žฅ์†Œ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:51
That should trace pretty perfectly
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๋งค์šฐ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
to when, where and to whom you are likely to withhold your empathy.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ธ์ œ, ์–ด๋””์„œ, ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ฐ์„ ์•ˆ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:01
And if in those instances,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ผ๋ฉด
06:03
we can come up with a trigger that gets us to look up,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
look at the people right in front of us,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
listen to them,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
06:14
deeply immerse ourselves in their perspectives,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์ ์— ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ๋น ์ง€๋ฉด
06:19
then we have a chance of having a sturdy leg of empathy.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ์˜ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
And if you do nothing else,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
06:27
please put away your cell phone.
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์ œ๋ฐœ ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์— ๋‘์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
It is the largest distraction magnet yet to be made,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฐฉํ•ด ์ž์„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
and it is super difficult to create empathy and trust in its presence.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ณผ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
That takes care of the empathy wobblers.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
Logic wobbles can come in two forms.
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
It's either the quality of your logic
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์งˆ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:56
or it's your ability to communicate the logic.
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
Now if the quality of your logic is at risk,
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์งˆ์ด ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋ฉด
07:04
I can't really help you with that.
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์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๋„์›€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:07
It's like, not in this much time.
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์ด ์ •๋„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋ก  ์•ˆ๋ผ์ฃ .
07:09
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:12
But fortunately, it's often the case that our logic is sound,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ, ์ข…์ข… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„
07:17
but it's our ability to communicate the logic that is in jeopardy.
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋น ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
Super fortunately, there's a very easy fix to this.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋‹คํ–‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
If we consider that there are two ways to communicate in the world,
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์„ธ์ƒ์— ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:33
and Harvard Business School professors are known for two-by-twos --
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ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ ๊ฒฝ์˜๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๊ต์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ 2x2 ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ๋ฐ
07:36
nonsense, it's the triangle that rocks.
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๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ ๋˜์ฃ , ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•์ด ๋” ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:42
If we consider that there are two ways to communicate in the world,
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์„ธ์ƒ์— ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:47
and the first one is when you take us on a journey,
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฌ์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ
07:51
a magnificent journey that has twists and turns
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์ „ํ™˜, ๋ฐ˜์ „,
07:56
and mystery and drama,
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์‹ ๋น„, ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์—ฌ์ •,
07:59
until you ultimately get to the point,
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๊ถ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€
08:03
and some of the best communicators in the world
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์†Œํ†ต๊ฐ€๋Š”
08:06
communicate just like this.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์†Œํ†ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
But if you have a logic wobble,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:11
this can be super dangerous.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
So instead, I implore you,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์—
08:19
start with your point in a crisp half-sentence,
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์ •์ œ๋œ ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„์ฒญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
and then give your supporting evidence.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
08:29
This means that people will be able to get access
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์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์—
08:32
to our awesome ideas,
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์ ‘๊ทผ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
08:34
and just as importantly,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
08:37
if you get cut off before you're done ...
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๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉดโ€ฆ
08:41
ladies --
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์—ฌ์„ฑ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„
08:43
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
08:45
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
08:52
If you get cut off before you're done,
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๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:56
you still get credit for the idea,
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์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
as opposed to someone else coming in and snatching it from you.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์™€์„œ ์žก์•„์ฑ„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:01
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
09:08
You just gave me goosebumps.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋•์— ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์†Œ๋ฆ„์ด ๋‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
09:11
The third wobble is authenticity, and I find it to be the most vexing.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ์ง„์ •์„ฑ์ด๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:17
We as a human species can sniff out in a moment,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ˆœ์‹๊ฐ„์— ๋ณธ๋Šฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ
09:21
literally in a moment,
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ˆœ์‹๊ฐ„์—
09:23
whether or not someone is being their authentic true self.
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์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ •์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ง„์‹ค๋œ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
So in many ways, the prescription is clear.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ, ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
You don't want to have an authenticity wobble? Be you.
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์ง„์ •์„ฑ์ด ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ์„ธ์š”? ์†”์งํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋˜์„ธ์š”.
09:35
Great.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
09:38
And that is super easy to do
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์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
09:40
when you're around people who are like you.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„์ฃผ ์‰ฝ์ฃ .
09:45
But if you represent any sort of difference,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋“  ๋‹ค๋ฆ„์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:50
the prescription to "be you" can be super challenging.
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โ€œ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐโ€๋ผ๋Š” ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
I have been tempted at every step of my career,
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์œ ํ˜น์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
tempted personally and tempted by coaching of others,
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ฝ”์นญํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
10:05
to mute who I am in the world.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜น์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
I'm a woman of super strong opinions,
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์ „ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด๊ณ 
10:11
with really deep convictions,
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์ง์ ‘ ํ™”๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊นŠ์€ ํ™•์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
direct speech.
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10:16
I have a magnificent wife,
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์ „ ๋งค์šฐ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
10:19
and together, we have such crazy ambition.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํฐ ์•ผ๋ง์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
I prefer men's clothes
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์ €๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋ณต๊ณผ
10:26
and comfortable shoes.
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ํŽธํ•œ ์‹ ๋ฐœ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
Thank you, Allbirds.
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์˜ฌ๋ฒ„์ฆˆ ์šด๋™ํ™”, ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ด์š”.
10:30
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:33
In some contexts, this makes me different.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
I hope that each person here
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๊ฐ์ž๊ฐ€
10:40
has the beautiful luxury of representing difference
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๋‹ค๋ฆ„์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ธฐ์จ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
in some context in your life.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
But with that privilege
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํŠน๊ถŒ์€
10:50
comes a very sincere temptation to hold back who we are,
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ํ˜น์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
10:55
and if we hold back who we are,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ๋ฐํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋ฉด
10:58
we're less likely to be trusted.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ๋œ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
And if we're less likely to be trusted,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ๋œ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋ฉด
11:02
we're less likely to be given stretch assignments.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„์ „์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋œ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
And without those stretch assignments, we're less likely to get promoted,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋„์ „์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ œ ์—†์ด๋Š”, ์Šน์ง„์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ ์–ด ๋ณด์ด๊ณ 
11:08
and so on and so on until we are super depressed
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ ์–ด์ง€์งˆ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
by the demographic tendencies of our senior leadership.
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๊ณ ์œ„ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์  ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:15
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:16
And it all comes back to our being our authentic selves.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง„์ •์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
So here's my advice.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ์กฐ์–ธ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
Wear whatever makes you feel fabulous.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฉ‹์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋„๋ก ์˜ท์„ ์ž…์œผ์„ธ์š”.
11:30
Pay less attention to what you think people want to hear from you
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด๋‹ค
11:34
and far more attention to what your authentic, awesome self needs to say.
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์ง„์ •์„ฑ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋” ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:41
And to the leaders in the room,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋”๋ถ„๋“ค
11:44
it is your obligation
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์˜๋ฌด๋Š”
11:46
to set the conditions that not only make it safe for us to be authentic
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ •์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ธฐ์— ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค„ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
11:51
but make it welcome,
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ํ™˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
11:54
make it celebrated,
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์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
11:56
cherish it for exactly what it is,
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์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
which is the key for us achieving greater excellence
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ํƒ์›”ํ•œ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
than we have ever known is possible.
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๊ธฐ์กด์— ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
So let's go back to Uber. What happened at Uber?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฒ„๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ฃ . ์šฐ๋ฒ„์—์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
12:11
When I got there, Uber was wobbling all over the place.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ, ์šฐ๋ฒ„๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ํ”๋“ค๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
Empathy, logic, authenticity were all wobbling like crazy.
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๊ณต๊ฐ, ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ, ์ง„์ •์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฏธ์นœ ๋“ฏ์ด ํ”๋“ค๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
But we were able to find super effective, super quick fixes for two of the wobbles.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ”๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜์ •๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•จ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ .
12:29
I'll give you an illustration of empathy.
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๊ณต๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
In the meetings at Uber,
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์šฐ๋ฒ„์—์„œ์˜ ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ
12:33
it was not uncommon for people to be texting one another ...
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์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
about the meeting.
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ํšŒ์˜์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:40
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:45
I had never seen anything like it.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:50
It may have done many things,
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
12:51
but it did not create a safe, empathetic environment.
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์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณต๊ฐ์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
The solution though, super clear:
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
technology, off and away.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋„๊ณ  ์น˜์›Œ๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
And that forced people to look up,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ 
13:03
to look at the people in front of them,
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๊ทธ๋“ค ์•ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ 
13:06
to listen to them,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
13:07
to immerse themselves in their perspectives
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์ ์— ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋น ์ง€๊ณ 
13:09
and to collaborate in unprecedented ways.
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์˜ˆ์ „์— ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ˜‘์—…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
Logic was equally wobbly,
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ”๋“ค๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ
13:18
and this was because the hypergrowth of the organization
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์ด๋Š” ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
meant that people, managers were getting promoted
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์ง์›๊ณผ ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €๋“ค์€ ์Šน์ง„์„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
13:24
again and again and again.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ณ„์†๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
Soon, they were put in positions that they had no business being in.
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๊ณง, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์ง์œ„์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
Their positions outstripped their capability,
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์ง์œ„๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚ฌ๊ณ 
13:34
and it was not their fault.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:36
The solution: a massive influx of executive education
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์€ ๊ด‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž„์› ๊ต์œก์˜ ์œ ์ž…์ธ๋ฐ
13:41
that focused specifically on logic,
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ, ์ „๋žต ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
on strategy and leadership.
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13:48
It gave people the rigor of the quality of their logic,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•จ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์˜€๊ณ 
13:51
and it turned a whole lot of triangles, right-side up,
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๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•์„ ์œ„์ชฝ์ด ์œ„๋กœ ์˜ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ
13:56
so people were able to communicate effectively with one another.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ƒํ˜ธ ๊ฐ„์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œํ†ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
The last one, authenticity, I'll say it's still mighty wobbly,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ง„์ •์„ฑ์€, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
but honestly, that doesn't make Uber very different
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์†”์งํžˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ด์˜จ
14:09
from all of the other companies I've seen in Silicon Valley and beyond.
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์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜๋ฐธ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํƒ€์‚ฌ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:15
It is still much easier to coach people to fit in.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ฝ”์นญํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋” ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
It is still much easier to reward people
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด์„œ
14:23
when they say something that you were going to say,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„
14:27
as opposed to rewarding people when they say something
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
14:29
entirely different than what you were going to say.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋” ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:34
But when we figure out this,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋•Œ
14:36
when we figure out how to celebrate difference
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๋‹ค๋ฆ„์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ์•Œ ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋•Œ
14:40
and how to let people bring the best version of themselves forward,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์˜ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹คํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋•Œ
14:43
well holy cow, is that the world I want my sons to grow up in.
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์˜ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ œ ์•„๋“ค์ด ์ž๋ž์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:49
And with the collection of people here,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
14:51
it would be a privilege to lock arms with you
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
์„ธ์ƒ ๊ตฌ์„๊ตฌ์„์—์„œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๊ด‘์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:54
and go ahead and rebuild trust in every corner of the globe.
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14:58
Thank you very much.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:00
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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