How we use astrophysics to study earthbound problems | Federica Bianco

40,126 views

2019-10-10 ใƒป TED


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How we use astrophysics to study earthbound problems | Federica Bianco

40,126 views ใƒป 2019-10-10

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Yoonji Cho ๊ฒ€ํ† : Young You
00:13
I am an astrophysicist.
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์ €๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
I research stellar explosions across the universe.
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์ €๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์˜ ํ•ญ์„ฑ ํญ๋ฐœ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
But I have a flaw:
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:21
I'm restless, and I get bored easily.
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๊ฐ€๋งŒํžˆ ์žˆ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด๋ผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ด์ง€๊ณ ๋Š” ํ•˜์ฃ .
00:24
And although as an astrophysicist, I have the incredible opportunity
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒœ์ฒด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ• 
00:27
to study the entire universe,
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„
00:29
the thought of doing only that, always that,
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์˜ค์ง ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์—๋งŒ ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ค์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์€
00:32
makes me feel caged and limited.
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒˆ์žฅ ์†์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€ ํ†ต์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
What if my issues with keeping attention and getting bored
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ €์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ถ€์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด
00:40
were not a flaw, though?
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๊ฒฐ์ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
00:42
What if I could turn them into an asset?
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ์ €์˜ ์žฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
00:45
An astrophysicist cannot touch or interact with
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์ฒœ์ฒด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์ ‘์ด‰์ด๋‚˜
00:48
the things that she studies.
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์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
No way to explode a star in a lab to figure out why or how it blew up.
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์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์—์„œ ๋ณ„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณ„์˜ ํญ๋ฐœ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋“ฏ์ด์š”.
00:54
Just pictures and movies of the sky.
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๊ทธ์ € ํ•˜๋Š˜์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด๋‚˜ ์˜์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์ฃ .
00:57
Everything we know about the universe,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€
00:59
from the big bang that originated space and time,
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์ฆ‰, ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚จ ๋น…๋ฑ…๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
01:02
to the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies,
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๋ณ„๊ณผ ์€ํ•˜๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ง„ํ™”
01:05
to the structure of our own solar system,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋งˆ์ €๋„
01:08
we figured out studying images of the sky.
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋“ค์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
And to study a system as complex as the entire universe,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ์ฃผ ์ „์ฒด๋งŒํผ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•  ๋•Œ
01:15
astrophysicists are experts at extracting simple models and solutions
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์ฒœ์ฒด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž—๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์—์„œ
01:20
from large and complex data sets.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์ฃ .
01:23
So what else can I do with this expertise?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:28
What if we turned the camera around towards us?
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๋งŒ์•ฝ, ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋ฅผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
01:33
At the Urban Observatory, that is exactly what we are doing.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„์‹œ ๊ด€์ธก์†Œ์—์„œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
Greg Dobler, also an astrophysicist
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๊ทธ๋ ˆ๊ทธ ๋„๋ธ”๋Ÿฌ(Greg Dobler)๋ผ๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž์ด์ž
01:38
and my husband,
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์ €์˜ ๋‚จํŽธ์ธ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
01:39
created the first urban observatory in New York University in 2013,
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2013๋…„ ๋‰ด์š•๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์— ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๋„์‹œ ๊ด€์ธก์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
and I joined in 2015.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” 2015๋…„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
01:45
Here are some of the things that we do.
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ™œ๋™์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
01:48
We take pictures of the city at night
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๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋ฐค ์‚ฌ์ง„๋“ค์„ ์ฐ๊ณ 
01:50
and study city lights like stars.
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๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋น›์„ ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋ณ„์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
By studying how light changes over time
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋น›์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€
01:55
and the color of astronomical lights,
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์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ ์ธ ์ƒ‰๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
01:57
I gain insight about the nature of exploding stars.
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ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ„๋“ค์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
02:00
By studying city lights the same way,
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋ถˆ๋น›์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ
02:03
we can measure and predict how much energy the city needs and consumes
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๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
02:07
and help build a resilient grid
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ํƒ„๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฐ์ „๋ง์˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์„ ๋„์™€
02:09
that will support the needs of growing urban environments.
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๋„์‹œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณค๊ฒฝ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ์ง€์›์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
In daytime images, we capture plumes of pollution.
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๋‚ฎ ๋™์•ˆ ์ฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋“ค์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ค์—ผ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:18
Seventy-five percent of greenhouse gases in New York City
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๋‰ด์š•์˜ 75%์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์˜จ์‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค๋Š”
02:21
come from a building like this one, burning oil for heat.
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์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์„ ํƒœ์šฐ๋Š” ๋นŒ๋”ฉ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
You can measure pollution with air quality sensors.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์งˆ ์„ผ์„œ๋กœ ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
But imagine putting a sensor on each New York City building,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ผ์„œ๋“ค์„ ๋‰ด์š•์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋นŒ๋”ฉ์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:32
reading in data from a million monitors.
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๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ์š”.
02:35
Imagine the cost.
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๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:38
With a team of NYU students, we built a mathematical model,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•๋Œ€ ํ•™์ƒํŒ€๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”
02:41
a neural network that can detect and track these plumes
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๋‰ด์š• ์ง€ํ‰์„  ์—ฐ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์„ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ถ”์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
02:44
over the New York City skyline.
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์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
We can classify them --
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์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ
02:48
harmless steam plumes, white and evanescent;
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๋ฌดํ•ดํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์€ ์ ์  ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ํฐ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ 
02:51
polluting smokestacks, dark and persistent --
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์˜ค์—ผ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตด๋š์€ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋‘ก๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
and provide policy makers with a map of neighborhood pollution.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ… ์ž…์•ˆ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ง€์—ญ ์˜ค์—ผ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ์š”.
02:59
This cross-disciplinary project created transformational solutions.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ•™์ œ ๊ฐ„ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒˆ์ฃ .
03:05
But the data analysis methodologies we use in astrophysics
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒœ์ฒด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
03:08
can be applied to all sorts of data,
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์‚ฌ์ง„๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์—๋„ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
not just images.
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03:12
We were asked to help a California district attorney
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์˜ ํ•œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
03:14
understand prosecutorial delays in their jurisdiction.
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๊ด€ํ• ๊ถŒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์†Œ ์ง€์—ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์›์ธ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
There are people on probation or sitting in jail,
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ํ”ผ๊ณ ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ์ˆ˜๊ฐ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ
03:21
awaiting for trial sometimes for years.
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๋•Œ๋ก  ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ์žฌํŒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
03:24
They wanted to know what kind of cases dragged on,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ข…๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ฐ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
03:26
and they had a massive data set to explore to understand it,
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
but didn't have the expertise
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—๋Š”
03:31
or the instruments in their office to do so.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ ์ง€์‹์ด๋‚˜ ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
And that's where we came in.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์ฃ .
03:35
I worked with my colleague, public policy professor Angela Hawken,
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ๋™๋ฃŒ์ธ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ •์ฑ… ๊ต์ˆ˜ ์•ˆ์ ค๋ผ ํ˜ธํฐ๊ณผ
03:38
and our team first created a visual dashboard
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์ €ํฌ ํŒ€์€ ๊ธฐ์†Œ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:42
for DAs to see and better understand the prosecution process.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ํ™”๋ฉด์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
But also, we ourselves analyzed their data,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ž์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
looking to see if the duration of the process
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•๊ถŒ์—์„œ ํ”ผ์˜์ž์˜ ๊ธฐ์†Œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด
03:52
suffered from social inequalities in their jurisdiction.
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์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
We did so using methods
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ
03:57
that I would use to classify thousands of stellar explosions,
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ•ญ์„ฑ ํญ๋ฐœ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„
04:00
applied to thousands of court cases.
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฒ•์ • ์†Œ์†ก ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ์ ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
And in doing so,
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์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€ํ•  ๊ตฌ์—ญ์—๋„ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
we built a model that can be applied to other jurisdictions
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04:07
who are willing to explore their biases.
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์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€ํ•  ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:09
These collaborations between domain experts and astrophysicists
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์ • ๋ถ„์•ผ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค๊ณผ ์ฒœ์ฒด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์€
04:13
created transformational solutions
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
04:15
to help improve people's quality of life.
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ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
But it is a two-way road.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
I bring my astrophysics background to urban science,
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์ €๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๋„์‹œ ๊ณผํ•™์— ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ 
04:23
and I bring what I learn in urban science back to astrophysics.
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๋˜ ๋„์‹œ ๊ณผํ•™์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ฒœ์ฒด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™ ์ง€์‹์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
Light echoes:
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"๋น›์˜ ๋ฉ”์•„๋ฆฌ"
04:30
the reflections of stellar explosions onto interstellar dust.
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์„ฑ๊ฐ„์ง„ ์œ„์— ํŽผ์ณ์ง€๋Š” ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ํญ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
In our images, these reflections appear as white, evanescent, moving features,
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์ €ํฌ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด
์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ํ•˜์–€ ํ˜•์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
just like plumes.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
04:43
I am adapting the same models that detect plumes in city images
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์ €๋Š” ๋„์‹œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์„ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„
04:47
to detect light echoes in images of the sky.
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ํ•˜๋Š˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ ๋น›์˜ ๋ฉ”์•„๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
By exploring the things that interest and excite me,
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ณ  ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ
04:55
reaching outside of my domain,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๋‚ด๋”›๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
04:57
I did turn my restlessness into an asset.
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์ €๋Š” ์•ˆ์ ˆ๋ถ€์ ˆ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ์ œ ์ž์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
We, you, all have a unique perspective that can generate new insight
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์ €ํฌ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ํŠน์œ ํ•œ ๊ด€์ ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
05:06
and lead to new, unexpected, transformational solutions.
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๊ธฐ์กด์— ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ  ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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