Why we need to end the era of orphanages | Tara Winkler

128,699 views ・ 2017-09-12

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Yousun Kang κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
These are some photos of me volunteering in a Cambodian orphanage
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μ œκ°€ 캄보디아 κ³ μ•„μ›μ—μ„œ 봉사λ₯Ό ν•˜λ˜ 2006년에
00:16
in 2006.
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찍은 μ‚¬μ§„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
When these photos were taken,
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이 사진을 찍을 λ‹Ήμ‹œ
00:20
I thought I was doing a really good thing
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μ €λŠ” ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ 일을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆκ³ 
00:22
and that I was really helping those kids.
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이 아이듀을 돕고 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ―Ώμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
I had a lot to learn.
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μ €λŠ” λ°°μ›Œμ•Ό ν•  것이 λ§Žλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
00:29
It all started for me when I was 19 years old
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19μ„Έ λ•Œ μ €λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ λ– λ‚œ κΈΈλ‘œλΆ€ν„° λͺ¨λ“  것이 μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
and went backpacking through Southeast Asia.
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λ™λ‚¨μ•„μ‹œμ•„λ‘œ λ°°λ‚­ 여행을 κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:34
When I reached Cambodia,
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캄보디아에 λ„μ°©ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
00:36
I felt uncomfortable being on holiday surrounded by so much poverty
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κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ μ†μ—μ„œ νœ΄κ°€λ₯Ό λ³΄λ‚Έλ‹€λŠ” 사싀에 마음이 λΆˆνŽΈν•΄μ Έμ„œ
00:40
and wanted to do something to give back.
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κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ 무언가 λ³΄λ‹΅ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:43
So I visited some orphanages and donated some clothes and books
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 고아원 λͺ‡ 곳에 λ“€λŸ¬ 옷과 μ±…κ³Ό λˆμ„ κΈ°λΆ€ν–ˆκ³ 
00:47
and some money
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00:48
to help the kids that I met.
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아이듀을 λ•κ³ μž ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:51
But one of the orphanages I visited was desperately poor.
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κ·Έ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μ§€λ…ν•˜κ²Œ κ°€λ‚œν•œ κ³ μ•„μ›μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
I had never encountered poverty like that before in my life.
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ κ°€λ‚œν•œ 곳은 λ³Έ 적이 μ—†μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
00:59
They didn't have funds for enough food,
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먹을거리도 μ—†μ—ˆκ³ 
01:02
clean water
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κΉ¨λ—ν•œ 물도 μ—†μ—ˆμœΌλ©°
01:03
or medical treatment,
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의료 ν˜œνƒλ„ λ°›κ³  μžˆμ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
and the sad little faces on those kids
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그리고 그곳에 μžˆλŠ” μ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ μ–΄λ‘μš΄ ν‘œμ •μ„ λ³΄λ‹ˆ
01:08
were heartbreaking.
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κ°€μŠ΄μ΄ μ°’μ–΄μ§€λŠ” 것 κ°™μ•˜μ§€μš”.
01:10
So I was compelled to do something more to help.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 더 λ„μ™€μ£Όμ–΄μ•Όκ² λ‹€λŠ” 생각이 λ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:14
I fund-raised in Australia and returned to Cambodia the following year
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ν˜Έμ£Όμ—μ„œ κΈ°κΈˆμ„ λͺ¨μ•„ λ‹€μŒ 해에 μΊ„λ³΄λ””μ•„λ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°”κ³ 
01:17
to volunteer at the orphanage for a few months.
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λͺ‡ 달 λ™μ•ˆ κ·Έ κ³ μ•„μ›μ—μ„œ μžμ›λ΄‰μ‚¬λ₯Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:21
I taught English and bought water filters and food
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μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό κ°€λ₯΄μ³€κ³  μ •μˆ˜κΈ°μ™€ μŒμ‹μ„ μ œκ³΅ν–ˆμœΌλ©°
01:24
and took all of the kids to the dentist for the first time in their lives.
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아이듀을 치과둜 λ°λ €κ°”λŠ”λ°, κ·Έ 아이듀은 치과 방문이 μ²˜μŒμ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
01:29
But over the course of the next year,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€μŒ 해에
01:31
I came to discover that this orphanage that I had been supporting
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μ œκ°€ λ•λ˜ 고아원이 맀우 λΆ€νŒ¨ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을
01:34
was terribly corrupt.
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μš°μ—°νžˆ μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:36
The director had been embezzling every cent donated to the orphanage,
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μ±…μž„μžλŠ” κ³ μ•„μ›μœΌλ‘œ λ“€μ–΄μ˜€λŠ” κΈ°λΆ€κΈˆμ„ νš‘λ Ήν–ˆκ³ 
01:41
and in my absence, the children were suffering such gross neglect
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μ œκ°€ 자리λ₯Ό λΉ„μš°λ©΄ 아이듀은 무관심 속에 λ°©μΉ˜λ˜μ–΄
01:46
that they were forced to catch mice to feed themselves.
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μ₯λ₯Ό μž‘μ•„μ„œ 슀슀둜 κ΅Άμ£Όλ¦° λ°°λ₯Ό μ±„μ›Œμ•Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:50
I also found out later
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λ‚˜μ€‘μ— μ•Œκ²Œλœ 사싀인데
01:51
that the director had been physically and sexually abusing the kids.
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μ±…μž„μžλŠ” 아이듀을 μ„±μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•™λŒ€ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
01:56
I couldn't bring myself to turn my back on children
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μ €λŠ” μ œκ°€ λŒλ³΄λ©΄μ„œ λ§ˆμŒμ„ μ“΄
01:59
who I had come to know and care about
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κ·Έ 아이듀을 μ™Έλ©΄ν•˜κ³ 
02:02
and return to my life in Australia.
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호주둜 λŒμ•„κ°€μ„œ 제 삢을 μ‚΄ μˆ˜κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
So I worked with a local team and the local authorities
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ νŒ€μ„ λ§Œλ“€κ³  λ‹Ήκ΅­μ˜ ν˜‘μ‘°λ₯Ό λ°›μ•„
02:08
to set up a new orphanage and rescue the kids
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 고아원을 μ„€λ¦½ν•΄μ„œ
02:11
to give them a safe new home.
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아이듀을 κ΅¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
But this is where my story takes another unexpected turn.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ˜ˆμƒμΉ˜λ„ λͺ»ν–ˆλ˜ 일이 λ°œμƒν–ˆμ§€μš”.
02:20
As I adjusted to my new life running an orphanage in Cambodia,
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μΊ„λ³΄λ””μ•„μ—μ„œ 고아원을 μš΄μ˜ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 삢을 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆκ³ 
02:26
(Khmer) I learned to speak Khmer fluently,
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(크메λ₯΄ 말) 크메λ₯΄ 말을 λ°°μ›Œ
02:30
which means that I learned to speak the Khmer language fluently.
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μ œλ²• μœ μ°½ν•˜κ²Œ λ§ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
And when I could communicate properly with the kids,
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아이듀과 λŒ€ν™”ν•  정도가 되자
02:37
I began to uncover some strange things.
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μ΄μƒν•œ 점을 λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
Most of the children we had removed from the orphanage
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ꡬ해쀀 아이듀 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄
02:45
were not, in fact, orphans at all.
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사싀 κ³ μ•„κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
They had parents,
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μ–΄λ–€ μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” λΆ€λͺ¨κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
02:52
and the few that were orphaned had other living relatives,
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μ–΄λ–€ μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” μ‘°λΆ€λͺ¨λ‚˜ μ‚Όμ΄Œ, μˆ™λͺ¨μ™€ 같은 μΉœμ²™μ΄ μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ©°
02:55
like grandparents and aunties and uncles
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02:58
and other siblings.
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ν˜•μ œμžλ§€λ“€λ„ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
So why were these children living in an orphanage
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ κ·Έ 아이듀은 고아도 μ•„λ‹Œλ°
03:05
when they weren't orphans?
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μ™œ κ³ μ•„μ›μ—μ„œ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
03:09
Since 2005, the number of orphanages in Cambodia
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2005λ…„ μ΄ν›„λ‘œ 캄보디아 κ³ μ•„μ›μ˜ μˆ˜λŠ” 75% μ¦κ°€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
has risen by 75 percent,
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03:15
and the number of children living in Cambodian orphanages
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그리고 κ³ μ•„μ›μ—μ„œ μƒν™œν•˜λŠ” μ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ μˆ˜λŠ”
03:18
has nearly doubled,
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두 λ°° κ°€κΉŒμ΄ λ˜μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
03:20
despite the fact
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고아원 아이듀이 사싀은 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„
03:22
that the vast majority of children living in these orphanages
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μ „ν†΅μ μœΌλ‘œ μΌμ»«λŠ”
03:25
are not orphans in the traditional sense.
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고아듀이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŒμ—λ„ 말이죠.
03:29
They're children from poor families.
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그듀은 빈곀측의 μ•„μ΄λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
So if the vast majority of children living in orphanages
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λ”°λΌμ„œ κ·Έκ³³ 고아원에 μ‚¬λŠ” 아이듀 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ κ³ μ•„κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλ©΄
03:35
are not orphans,
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03:37
then the term "orphanage"
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” "고아원"μ΄λΌλŠ” μš©μ–΄λŠ”
03:38
is really just a euphemistic name for a residential care institution.
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사싀 어린이 μ–‘μœ‘μ‹œμ„€μ„ κ°€λ₯΄ν‚€μ§€μš”.
03:44
These institutions go by other names as well,
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"λ³΄ν˜Έμ†Œ," "μ€μ‹ μ²˜," "λ³΄μœ‘μ›," "μ†Œλ…„μ›," "κΈ°μˆ™μ‚¬"와 같은
03:47
like "shelters," "safe houses," "children's homes," "children's villages,"
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ΄λ¦„μœΌλ‘œλ„ λΆ€λ₯Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
even "boarding schools."
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03:55
And this problem is not just confined to Cambodia.
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이것은 캄보디아에 κ΅­ν•œλœ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:00
This map shows some of the countries that have seen a dramatic increase
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이 지도가 λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 것은 어린이 μ–‘μœ‘ μ‹œμ„€μ΄
04:04
in the numbers of residential care institutions
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κΈ‰κ²©νžˆ μ¦κ°€ν•œ ꡭ가듀와
04:06
and the numbers of children being institutionalized.
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그런 곳에 κ±°μ£Όν•˜λŠ” μ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ 수 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:11
In Uganda, for example,
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예λ₯Όλ“€μ–΄ μš°κ°„λ‹€μ—μ„œ
04:13
the number of children living in institutions
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이런 κΈ°κ΄€μ—μ„œ μ§€λ‚΄λŠ” μ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ μˆ˜λŠ”
04:15
has increased by more than 1,600 percent since 1992.
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1992λ…„ μ΄ν›„λ‘œ 1,600%λ‚˜ μ¦κ°€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:22
And the problems posed by putting kids into institutions
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μ œκ°€ 아이듀을 ꡬ해쀀 κ³³κ³Ό 같이
04:26
don't just pertain to the corrupt and abusive institutions
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λΆ€νŒ¨ν•˜κ³  ν•™λŒ€κ°€ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°κ΄€μ—λ§Œ
04:31
like the one that I rescued the kids from.
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λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆλŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:34
The problems are with all forms of residential care.
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λͺ¨λ“  μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μ–‘μœ‘ μ‹œμ„€μ— λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμ§€μš”.
04:39
Over 60 years of international research has shown us
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60λ…„ 이상 μ „μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해
04:43
that children who grow up in institutions,
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μ•„μ£Ό ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ μ–‘μœ‘ μ‹œμ„€λ„ ν¬ν•¨ν•΄μ„œ
04:47
even the very best institutions,
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가정이 μ•„λ‹Œ μ–‘μœ‘ μ‹œμ„€μ—μ„œ μ„±μž₯ν•˜λŠ” 아이듀은
04:50
are at serious risk of developing mental illnesses,
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정신적 μ§ˆλ³‘μ— 걸릴 μœ„ν—˜μ΄ λ†’κ³ 
04:53
attachment disorders,
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μ• μ°© λΆˆμ•ˆ 증상이 있으며
04:55
growth and speech delays,
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μ„±μž₯ λ°œλ‹¬κ³Ό μ–Έμ–΄ λ°œλ‹¬μ΄ μ§€μ—°λ˜κ³ 
04:57
and many will struggle with an inability to reintegrate
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성인이 된 ν›„ μ‚¬νšŒλ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°”μ„ λ•Œ
05:00
back into society later in life
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어렀움을 κ²ͺκ³ 
05:02
and form healthy relationships as adults.
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타인과 κ±΄κ°•ν•œ 관계λ₯Ό ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λŠ”λ° μ—­μ‹œ 어렀움이 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ°ν˜€μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:06
These kids grow up without any model of family
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이 아이듀은 μžλΌλ©΄μ„œ κ°€μ •μ˜ ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό λ°°μš°μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κ³ 
05:09
or of what good parenting looks like,
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λΆ€λͺ¨μ˜ 역할을 무엇인지에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ°°μš°μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
05:12
so they then can struggle to parent their own children.
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그듀이 가정을 이루고 아이λ₯Ό ν‚€μšΈ λ•Œ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ λ°œμƒν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:16
So if you institutionalize large numbers of children,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ λ§Œμ•½ λ§Žμ€ 아이듀이 κΈ°κ΄€μ—μ„œ μ„±μž₯ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
05:20
it will affect not only this generation,
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이 μ„ΈλŒ€μ˜ 아이듀이 고톡받을 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
05:24
but also the generations to come.
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κ·Έ 고톡은 λ‹€μŒ μ„ΈλŒ€κΉŒμ§€ 되물림 λ˜μ§€μš”.
05:28
We've learned these lessons before in Australia.
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ν˜Έμ£Όμ—μ„œλ„ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:31
It's what happened to our "Stolen Generations,"
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"λΉΌμ•—κΈ΄ μ„ΈλŒ€"라고 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ”λ°
05:35
the indigenous children who were removed from their families
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원주민 μžλ…€λ“€μ΄ 성인이 λ˜μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ 더 λ‚˜μ€ 직업을 κ°–κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λΌλŠ” 마음으둜
05:39
with the belief that we could do a better job
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κ·Έ μ‹œλŒ€μ˜ 원주민 λΆ€λͺ¨λ“€μ€ 아이듀을
05:41
of raising their children.
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κΈ°κ΄€μœΌλ‘œ λ³΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:45
Just imagine for a moment
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μ–‘μœ‘ μ‹œμ„€μ΄ 어떨지
05:47
what residential care would be like for a child.
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ν•œ 번 μƒμƒν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
05:50
Firstly, you have a constant rotation of caregivers,
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μ–‘μœ‘μžλ“€μ€ κ΅λŒ€λ‘œ μΌν•˜μ§€μš”.
05:54
with somebody new coming on to the shift every eight hours.
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8μ‹œκ°„λ§ˆλ‹€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ–‘μœ‘μžκ°€ 아이듀을 돌보게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
And then on top of that you have a steady stream of visitors
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그보닀 더 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은
06:00
and volunteers coming in,
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λ§Žμ€ λ°©λ¬Έμžλ‚˜ μžμ›λ΄‰μ‚¬μžλ“€μ΄ μ™€μ„œ
06:02
showering you in the love and affection you're craving
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μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ‚¬λž‘κ³Ό 관심을 μ£Όκ³ 
06:07
and then leaving again,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬κ³ λŠ” 곧 λ– λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:09
evoking all of those feelings of abandonment,
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아이듀은 슀슀둜 λ²„λ¦Όλ°›μ•˜λ‹€λŠ” λŠλ‚Œμ„ λ°›κ² μ§€μš”.
06:12
and proving again and again
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그런 일이 반볡되면
06:15
that you are not worthy of being loved.
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ€ μ‚¬λž‘μ„ 받을 κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ μ—†λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λΌκ³  μƒκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:19
We don't have orphanages in Australia, the USA, the UK anymore,
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호주, λ―Έκ΅­, μ˜κ΅­μ—μ„œλŠ” 이제 μ—¬λŸ¬κ°€μ§€ 이유둜
06:25
and for a very good reason:
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고아원을 μ„€λ¦½ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:28
one study has shown that young adults raised in institutions
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μ–΄λ–€ 연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해, κΈ°κ΄€μ—μ„œ μ„±μž₯ν•œ μ²­μ†Œλ…„μ€
06:31
are 10 times more likely to fall into sex work than their peers,
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보톡 κ°€μ •μ—μ„œ μ„±μž₯ν•œ μ²­μ†Œλ…„μ— λΉ„ν•΄ 성맀맀 일을 ν•  κ°€λŠ₯성은 10λ°°λ‚˜ λ†’κ³ 
06:36
40 times more likely to have a criminal record,
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범죄λ₯Ό 저지λ₯Ό κ°€λŠ₯성은 40λ°°λ‚˜ λ†’μœΌλ©°
06:40
and 500 times more likely
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μžμ‚΄μ„ ν•  κ°€λŠ₯성은 500λ°°λ‚˜ λ†’λ‹€κ³  λ°ν˜”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:44
to take their own lives.
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06:48
There are an estimated eight million children around the world
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μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ˜ μ•½ 8백만의 아이듀은
06:53
living in institutions like orphanages,
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고아원같은 κΈ°κ΄€μ—μ„œ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:56
despite the fact that around 80 percent of them are not orphans.
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80%λŠ” κ³ μ•„κ°€ μ•„λ‹˜μ—λ„ 말이죠.
07:01
Most have families who could be caring for them
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κ°€λ‚œν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ–΄λŠμ •λ„ 지원을 λ°›λŠ”λ‹€λ©΄
07:04
if they had the right support.
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아이듀을 잘 μ–‘μœ‘ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 가정듀이 λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:08
But for me,
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μ œκ°€ μ•Œκ²Œλœ 것 쀑에
07:09
the most shocking thing of all to realize
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κ°€μž₯ λ†€λΌμš΄ 사싀은
07:13
is what's contributing to this boom
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고아원이 μ„±ν–‰ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜λŠ”
07:16
in the unnecessary institutionalization of so many children:
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μ£Όμš” 원인이
07:23
it's us --
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λ°”λ‘œ μš°λ¦¬λΌλŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:25
the tourists, the volunteers
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여행객듀, μžμ›λ΄‰μ‚¬μžλ“€
07:29
and the donors.
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그리고 κΈ°λΆ€μžλ“€μ΄μ§€μš”.
07:31
It's the well-meaning support from people like me back in 2006,
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2006λ…„ 이후에 μ„ μ˜λ₯Ό 가지고
07:37
who visit these children and volunteer and donate,
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아이듀을 λ°©λ¬Έν•΄μ„œ μžμ›λ΄‰μ‚¬λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  κΈ°λΆ€λ₯Ό ν–ˆλ˜ μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ΄
07:41
who are unwittingly fueling an industry that exploits children
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아이듀을 μ°©μ·¨ν•˜λŠ” 이 산업에 λΆˆμ„ 지핀 μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ΄
07:46
and tears families apart.
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μ˜λ„ν•˜μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ 가쑱을 갈기갈기 찒어놓은 κ²ƒμ΄μ§€μš”.
07:49
It's really no coincidence that these institutions are largely set up
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아이듀 μ–‘μœ‘ μ‹œμ„€λ“€μ€ 관광객듀을 μ‰½κ²Œ μœ μΈν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘
07:53
in areas where tourists can most easily be lured in
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ 관광지에
07:56
to visit and volunteer in exchange for donations.
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κ³„νšμ— 따라 μ„€λ¦½λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:01
Of the 600 so-called orphanages in Nepal,
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λ„€νŒ”μ—μ„œ 고아원이라고 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ” 600κ³³ 쀑 90% 이상이
08:05
over 90 percent of them are located in the most popular tourist hotspots.
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관광객듀이 많이 μ°ΎλŠ” 곳에 μ„Έμ›Œμ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:12
The cold, hard truth is,
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λ¬΄μ„œμš΄ ν˜„μ‹€μ„ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬μžλ©΄
08:14
the more money that floods in in support of these institutions,
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기관에 더 λ§Žμ€ κΈˆμ „μ μΈ 지원이 λ“€μ–΄κ°€λ©΄
08:18
the more institutions open
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 기관듀이 계속 문을 μ—΄κ³ 
08:21
and the more children are removed from their families
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더 λ§Žμ€ 아이듀이 κ°€μ‘±μ˜ ν’ˆμ„ λ– λ‚˜
08:24
to fill their beds.
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κΈ°κ΄€μ˜ 머릿수λ₯Ό μ±„μš°κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:27
It's just the laws of supply and demand.
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μˆ˜μš”κ³΅κΈ‰μ˜ 법칙에 λ”°λ₯Έ ν˜„μƒμ΄μ§€μš”.
08:32
I had to learn all of these lessons the hard way,
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μ œκ°€ 캄보디아에 고아원을 μ„€λ¦½ν•œ 이후에
08:35
after I had already set up an orphanage in Cambodia.
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이런 ν˜„μ‹€μ„ μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜λ©΄μ„œ λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜ κ°€μŠ΄μ΄ μ•„νŒ μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:40
I had to eat a big piece of humble pie to admit
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μ €λŠ” 제 μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό
08:44
that I had made a mistake
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인정해야 ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
08:46
and inadvertently become a part of the problem.
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μ œκ°€ κ·Έ λ¬Έμ œμ— μΌμ‘°ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€μ„μš”.
08:50
I had been an orphanage tourist,
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μ €λŠ” 고아원을 λ°©λ¬Έν•œ μ—¬ν–‰κ°μ΄μ—ˆκ³ 
08:52
a voluntourist.
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μžμ›λ΄‰μ‚¬λ₯Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:54
I then set up my own orphanage and facilitated orphanage tourism
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이 ν˜„μ‹€μ„ μ•ŒκΈ° μ „
08:59
in order to generate funds for my orphanage,
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제 고아원을 μ„€λ¦½ν–ˆκ³  기금 λ§ˆλ ¨μ„ μœ„ν•΄
09:03
before I knew better.
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고아원 κ΄€κ΄‘μƒν’ˆμ„ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
09:06
What I came to learn
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μ œκ°€ 배운 것은
09:08
is that no matter how good my orphanage was,
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제 고아원이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 쒋은 κΈ°κ΄€μΈμ§€λŠ” 상관없이
09:11
it was never going to give those kids what they really needed:
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μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ •λ§λ‘œ ν•„μš”ν•œ 것을 μ œκ³΅ν•΄μ£Όμ§€λŠ” λͺ»ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:17
their families.
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그건 λ°”λ‘œ κ°€μ‘±μ΄μ§€μš”.
09:21
I know that it can feel incredibly depressing
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μ—°μ•½ν•œ 아이듀을 돕고 그듀을 κ°€λ‚œμ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜λ„λ‘ λ•λŠ” 일은
09:24
to learn that helping vulnerable children and overcoming poverty
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μƒκ°ν–ˆλ˜ 것 만큼
09:27
is not as simple as we've all been led to believe it should be.
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ 일이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ 되면 더 λ‚™λ‹΄ν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:32
But thankfully, there is a solution.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€ν–‰νžˆ 해결책은 μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:36
These problems are reversible and preventable,
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λ¬Έμ œμ λ“€μ„ κ³ μ³μ„œ κ³ μ•„μ›μ˜ 확산을 막을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:40
and when we know better,
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 더 많이 μ•Œμˆ˜λ‘
09:42
we can do better.
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더 잘 ν•  수 있게 λ˜μ§€μš”.
09:44
The organization that I run today,
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μ œκ°€ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 기관은
09:47
the Cambodian Children's Trust,
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Cambodian Children's Trust 이라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:49
is no longer an orphanage.
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더이상 고아원이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€μš”.
09:52
In 2012, we changed the model in favor of family-based care.
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2012년에 우리 기관은 가쑱쀑심 μ–‘μœ‘ κΈ°κ΄€μœΌλ‘œ λ°”λ€Œμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:58
I now lead an amazing team of Cambodian social workers,
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μ €λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μΊ„λ³΄λ””μ•„μ˜ ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€μ‚¬, κ°„ν˜Έμ‚¬, μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€κ³Ό
10:02
nurses and teachers.
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νŒ€μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ μ§„ν–‰ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:04
Together, we work within communities
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•¨κ»˜ μ§€μ—­μ˜ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ 문제의 μ‹€λ§ˆλ¦¬λ₯Ό μ°ΎκΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 일을 ν•˜κ³ 
10:07
to untangle a complex web of social issues
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10:10
and help Cambodian families escape poverty.
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캄보디아 가쑱듀이 κ°€λ‚œμ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜κ²Œλ” 돕고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:14
Our primary focus is on preventing some of the most vulnerable families
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우리의 μ£Όμš” λͺ©ν‘œλŠ” μ§€μ—­μ˜ μ·¨μ•½ν•œ 가정듀이
10:18
in our community
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일단
10:19
from being separated in the first place.
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흩어지지 μ•Šλ„λ‘ μ˜ˆλ°©ν•˜λŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:23
But in cases where it's not possible
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 아이듀이 λΆ€λͺ¨μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ κ±°μ£Όν•˜κΈ°κ°€
10:25
for a child to live with its biological family,
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λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•œ κ²½μš°μ—
10:28
we support them in foster care.
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κ°€μ • μœ„νƒμœΌλ‘œ μ§€μ›ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:31
Family-based care is always better
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아이듀이 κ°€μ‘±μ΄λΌλŠ” μšΈνƒ€λ¦¬μ—μ„œ μ„±μž₯ν•˜λŠ” 것이
10:35
than placing a child in an institution.
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κΈ°κ΄€μ—μ„œ μžλΌλŠ” 것보닀 훨씬 μ’‹κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ§€μš”.
10:40
Do you remember that first photo that I showed you before?
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μ œκ°€ μ²˜μŒμ— λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ Έλ˜ 사진 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
10:43
See that girl who is just about to catch the ball?
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곡을 작으렀고 ν•˜λŠ” μ†Œλ…€λ₯Ό λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
10:47
Her name is Torn
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μ†Œλ…€μ˜ 이름은 ν†€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:49
She's a strong, brave and fiercely intelligent girl.
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톀은 κ°•ν•˜κ³  μš©κ°ν•˜κ³  맀우 λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•œ μ—¬μžμ•„μ΄μ§€μš”.
10:53
But in 2006, when I first met her
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 2006년에 μ œκ°€ 처음 κ·Έ 아이λ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚¬μ„ λ•Œ
10:56
living in that corrupt and abusive orphanage,
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λΆ€νŒ¨ν•˜κ³  ν•™λŒ€κ°€ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λ˜ κ·Έ κ³ μ•„μ›μ—μ„œ μƒν™œν•˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄μ„œ
10:59
she had never been to school.
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학ꡐ에 닀닐 수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:02
She was suffering terrible neglect,
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무관심 μ†μ—μ„œ κ³ ν†΅λ°›μ•˜κ³ 
11:04
and she yearned desperately
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μ—„λ§ˆμ˜ λ”°λœ»ν•¨κ³Ό μ‚¬λž‘μ„
11:07
for the warmth and love of her mother.
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κ°ˆκ΅¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:12
But this is a photo of Torn today with her family.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 사진은 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  톀이 κ°€μ‘±κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μžˆλŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:16
Her mother now has a secure job,
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ν†€μ˜ μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” μ•ˆμ •λœ 직업을 κ°–κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
11:18
her siblings are doing well in high school
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ν†€μ˜ 동생듀은 고등학ꡐ에 잘 λ‹€λ‹ˆκ³  있으며
11:21
and she is just about to finish her nursing degree at university.
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톀 μ—­μ‹œ λŒ€ν•™μ—μ„œ κ°„ν˜Έν•™κ³Ό 쑸업을 λˆˆμ— μ•žλ‘κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:25
For Torn's family --
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ν†€μ˜ κ°€μ‘±μ˜
11:27
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
11:36
for Torn's family,
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ν†€μ˜ κ°€μ‘±μ˜
11:37
the cycle of poverty has been broken.
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κ°€λ‚œμ˜ κ³ λ¦¬λŠ” λŠμ–΄μ‘Œμ§€μš”.
11:41
The family-based care model that we have developed at CCT
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μ œκ°€ μ„€λ¦½ν•œ κΈ°κ΄€μ—μ„œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚Έ κ°€μ‘±μ€‘μ‹¬μ˜ μ–‘μœ‘ λͺ¨λΈμ€
11:44
has been so successful,
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ μ„±κ³΅μ μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:46
that it's now being put forward by UNICEF Cambodia
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ν˜„μž¬ μœ λ‹ˆμ„Έν”„ 캄보디아와 캄보디아 μ •λΆ€ μ—­μ‹œ
11:50
and the Cambodian government
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아이듀이 κ°€μ‘±μ˜ ν’ˆμ—μ„œ μ„±μž₯ν•˜λ„λ‘
11:51
as a national solution to keep children in families.
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ꡭ가적 μ°¨μ›μ—μ„œ μΊ νŽ˜μΈμ„ 벌이고 μžˆμ§€μš”.
11:56
And one of the best --
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그리고
11:58
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
12:04
And one of the best ways that you can help to solve this problem
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그리고 이 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ΅œμ„ μ˜ 방법은
12:08
is by giving these eight million children a voice
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8백만λͺ…μ˜ μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό 내도둝 ν•˜κ³ 
12:12
and become an advocate for family-based care.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜μ„œ κ°€μ‘±μ€‘μ‹¬μ˜ μ–‘μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 응원을 ν•΄μ£Όμ‹œλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:16
If we work together to raise awareness,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•¨κ»˜ 인식을 λ†’μ΄λ €λŠ” λ…Έλ ₯을 ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
12:19
we can make sure the world knows
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전세계 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ μ—­μ‹œ
12:22
that we need to put an end to the unnecessary institutionalization
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μ•½ν•œ 아이듀을 λ³΄ν˜Έν•œλ‹€λŠ” λͺ…λͺ©μœΌλ‘œ λΆˆν•„μš”ν•œ 기관듀이 더이상
12:27
of vulnerable children.
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μ„€λ¦½λ˜λ©΄ μ•ˆλœλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜κ² μ§€μš”.
12:29
How do we achieve that?
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 이루어낼 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
12:32
By redirecting our support and our donations
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κ³ μ•„μ›μ΄λ‚˜ μ–‘μœ‘ μ‹œμ„€μ΄ μ•„λ‹Œ
12:35
away from orphanages and residential care institutions
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아이듀이 κ°€μ‘±κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ 살도둝 λ•λŠ” 기관을 지원을 ν•˜κ³ 
12:40
towards organizations that are committed to keeping children in families.
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그곳으둜 κΈ°λΆ€κΈˆμ„ λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:47
I believe we can make this happen in our lifetime,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이것을 μ΄λ£¨μ–΄λ‚΄λŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ λ¨Έμ§€μ•ŠλŠ” λ―Έλž˜μ— λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:50
and as a result, we will see developing communities thrive
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 되면 κ°œλ°œλ„μƒκ΅­λ“€μ€ 어렀움을 극볡해내고
12:54
and ensure that vulnerable children everywhere
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보호λ₯Ό λ°›μ•„μ•Ό ν•  아이듀은
12:57
have what all children need and deserve:
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κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ κ°€μž₯ ν•„μš”ν•˜κ³  μ€‘μš”ν•œ 쑴재λ₯Ό κ°–κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:02
a family.
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λ°”λ‘œ μ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ κ°€μ‘±μ΄μ§€μš”.
13:03
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:05
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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