Larry Brilliant: The case for informed optimism

32,950 views ใƒป 2007-12-07

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Irene Ahn ๊ฒ€ํ† : InHyuk Song
00:16
I'm going to try to give you a view of the world as I see it,
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ 
00:22
the problems and the opportunities that we face,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋„์ „๊ณผ์ œ์™€ ๊ธฐํšŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
and then ask the question if we should be optimistic or pessimistic.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚™๊ด€๋ก ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ๋น„๊ด€๋ก ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๋ฌป๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
And then I'll let you in on a secret, which is why I am an incurable optimist.
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๊ทธ ํ›„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ๊ตฌ์ œ๋ถˆ๋Šฅ์˜ ๋‚™๊ด€์ฃผ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด๊ป˜์š”.
00:36
Let me start off showing you an Al Gore movie that you may have seen before.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋ณด์…จ์„์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ์•จ๊ณ ์–ด์˜ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
00:42
Now, you've all seen "Inconvenient Truth." This is a little more inconvenient.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ "๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ์ง„์‹ค"์„ ๋ณด์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
(Video): Man: ... extremely dangerous questions.
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(๋น„๋””์˜ค): ๋‚จ์ž: ... ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋„ค์š”.
00:53
Because, with our present knowledge, we have no idea what would happen.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ง€์‹์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
00:57
Even now, man may be unwittingly changing the world's climate
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—๋„ ์ธ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์˜์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:01
through the waste products of his civilization.
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๋ฌธ๋ช…์ด ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด์„œ์š”.
01:04
Due to our release, through factories and automobiles every year,
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๋งค๋…„ ๊ณต์žฅ๊ณผ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋งค๋…„ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๋Š”
01:07
of more than six billion tons of carbon dioxide --
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์œก๋ฐฑ์–ตํ†ค ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
01:10
which helps air absorb heat from the sun --
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๊ณต๊ธฐ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ด์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
our atmosphere seems to be getting warmer.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ ์  ๋” ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ ์š”.
01:16
This is bad?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
01:18
Well, it's been calculated a few degrees' rise in the earth's temperature would
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”. ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์˜จ์ด ๋ช‡ ๋„๋งŒ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๋„
01:22
melt the polar ice caps.
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๊ทน์ง€๋ฐฉ์˜ ๋น™ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋…น์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋˜์ฃ .
01:32
And if this happens, an inland sea would fill a good portion of the Mississippi Valley.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด, ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ ๊ณ„๊ณก์˜ ์ƒ๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ์ด ๋‚ดํ•ด์— ์˜ํ•ด ์นจ์ˆ˜๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
Tourists in glass-bottomed boats would be viewing the drowned towers of Miami
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์—ฌํ–‰์ž๋“ค์€ ์œ ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋œ ๋ณดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์นจ์ˆ˜๋œ ๋งˆ์ด์• ๋ฏธ์˜ ๊ณ ์ธต๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
01:41
through 150 feet of tropical water.
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150ํ”ผํŠธ ๊นŠ์ด์˜ ์—ด๋Œ€๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ์š”.
01:45
For, in weather, we're not only dealing with forces of a far greater variety
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๊ธฐํ›„๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์›์ž๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์กฐ์ฐจ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฌด์Œํ•œ
01:50
than even the atomic physicist encounters, but with life itself.
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ํž˜๊ณผ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ถ์ž์ฒด์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋Œ€์‘๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:54
Larry Brilliant: Should we feel good, or should we feel bad
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๋ž˜๋ฆฌ ๋ธ”๋žœํŠธ: 50๋…„์ „์˜ ์˜ˆ์ง€๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
01:58
that 50 years of foreknowledge accomplished so little?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ปํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š” ์Šฌํผํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
02:04
Well, it depends, really, on what your goals are.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
And I think, as my goals, I always go back to Gandhi's talisman.
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์ œ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๋งˆํ•˜ํŠธ๋งˆ ๊ฐ„๋””์˜ ๋ช…์–ธ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ๊นŠ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
When Mahatma Gandhi was asked,
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๊ฐ„๋””๊ฐ€
02:16
"How do you know if the next act that you are about to do is the right one
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"๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ํ–‰๋™์ด ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฅธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ƒ" ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„๋•Œ
02:22
or the wrong one?" he said, "Consider the face of the poorest,
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"๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜๊ณ 
02:28
most vulnerable human being that you ever chanced upon,
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ํ˜•ํŽธ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ค ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
02:34
and ask yourself if the act that you contemplate will be of benefit to that person.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์ด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋กœ์šธ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
02:40
And if it will be, it's the right thing to do, and if not, rethink it."
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๋งŒ์ผ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์˜ณ์€ ์ผ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:46
For those of us in this room, it's not just the poorest and the most vulnerable individual,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„์‹  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆด ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜๊ณ  ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
02:51
it's the community, it's the culture, it's the world itself.
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์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ, ๋ฌธํ™”, ์„ธ์ƒ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
And the trends for those who are at the periphery of our society,
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์‚ฌํšŒ ์ €๋ณ€์ธต์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค,
03:01
who are the poorest and the most vulnerable,
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์ฆ‰ ๊ทน๋นˆ์ธต๊ณผ ์ทจ์•ฝ๊ณ„์ธต์€
03:04
the trends give rise to a great case for pessimism.
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๋น„๊ด€๋ก ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
But there's also a wonderful case for optimism.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚™๊ด€๋ก ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
Let's review them both. First of all, the megatrends.
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์ด ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ณด์ง€์š”. ๋จผ์ € ๋ฉ”๊ฐ€ํŠธ๋ Œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:19
There's two degrees, or three degrees of climate change baked into the system.
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ๊ธฐ์˜จ์ด 2๋„๋‚˜ 3๋„ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
03:26
It will cause rising seas. It will cause saline deposited into wells and into lands.
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ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ผ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์œก์ง€์— ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
It will disproportionately harm the poorest and the most vulnerable,
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์ด๋กœ์ธํ•ด ๊ทน๋นˆ์ธต๊ณผ ์ทจ์•ฝ๊ณ„์ธต์€ ํฐ ํƒ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
03:38
as will the increasing rise of population.
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์ธ๊ตฌ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ด๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ์‹ฌํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:43
Even though we've dodged Paul Ehrlich's population bomb,
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๋น„๋ก ํด ์—๋ฆฌํžˆ ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ €์„œ '์ธ๊ตฌํญํƒ„'์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ•œ
03:46
and we will not see 20 billion people in this decade, as he had forecast,
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์ธ๊ตฌ 200์–ต์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋„๋ž˜ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
03:52
we eat as if we were 20 billion.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌ 20์–ต๋ช…๋ถ„์˜ ์Œ์‹์„ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
And we consume so much that again, a rise of 6.5 billion to 9.5 billion
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์ด๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ํ›„์†์„ธ๋Œ€ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ 65์–ต๋ช… ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚œ 95์–ต๋ช…์— ๋‹ฌํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
04:04
in our grandchildren's lifetime will disproportionately hurt
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๊ทน๋นˆ์ธต๊ณผ ์ทจ์•ฝ๊ณ„์ธต์ด ์‹๋Ÿ‰๋‚œ์œผ๋กœ
04:08
the poorest and the most vulnerable.
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๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ํƒ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
That's why they migrate to cities.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
That's why in June of this year, we passed, as a species, 51 percent of us living in cities,
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์˜ฌ 6์›” ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ 51ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋„์‹œ์™€
04:22
and bustees, and slums, and shantytowns.
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์Šฌ๋Ÿผ๊ฐ€, ๋นˆ๋ฏผ๊ฐ€์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
The rural areas are no longer producing as much food as they did.
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๋†์ดŒ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์‹๋Ÿ‰์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ค„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
The green revolution never reached Africa.
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๋…น์ƒ‰ํ˜๋ช…์€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์‚ฐ๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
And with desertification, sandstorms, the Gobi Desert, the Ogaden,
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์‚ฌ๋ง‰ํ™”์™€ ๋ชจ๋ž˜ํญํ’, ๊ณ ๋น„์‚ฌ๋ง‰๊ณผ ์˜ค๊ฐ€๋ด ์˜ํ† ๋ถ„์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ
04:41
we are finding increasing difficulty of a hectare
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์ž‘ํ™ฉ ์—ฌ๊ฑด์ด 15๋…„์ „๋ณด๋‹ค๋„
04:45
to produce as many calories as it did even 15 years ago.
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๋ชปํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
So humans are turning more towards animal consumption.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ธ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ ์  ์œก์‹์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
In Africa last year, Africans ate 600 million wild animals,
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์ง€๋‚œํ•ด ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์ธ๋“ค์€ 6์–ต๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์•ผ์ƒ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ๊ณ 
05:00
and consumed two billion kilograms of bush meat.
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20์–ตํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์•ผ์ƒ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
And every kilogram of bush meat contained hundreds of thousands of novel viruses
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์•ผ์ƒ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ 1ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๋‹น ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋งŒ๊ฐœ์˜ ์‹ ์ข…๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€
05:11
that have never been charted, the genomic sequences of which we don't know.
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๋“ค์–ด์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทœ๋ช…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์œ ์ „์ž์„œ์—ด์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
Their fitness for creating pandemics we are unaware of,
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์ด๋กœ์ธํ•ด ์‹ ์ข… ์œ ํ–‰๋ณ‘์ด ๋ฒˆ์ง€๊ณ 
05:22
but we are ripe for zoonotic-borne, emerging communicable diseases.
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๋™๋ฌผ์›์„ฑ ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
Increasingly, I would say explosive growth of technology.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์ ์  ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
Most of us are the beneficiaries of that growth. But it has a dark side
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
-- in bioweapons, and in technology that puts us on a collision course
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ฐœ์ „์œผ๋กœ ์ƒํ™”ํ•™๋ฌด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜๊ณ  ์ถฉ๋Œ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์Ÿ๋„ ์žฆ์•„์ ธ
05:46
to magnify any anger, hatred or feeling of marginalization.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋ถ„๋…ธ, ์ฆ์˜ค, ์†Œ์™ธ๊ฐ์„ ์ฆํญ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
And in fact, with increasing globalization --
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๋˜ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”๋กœ
05:58
for which there are big winners and even bigger losers
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์Šน์ž์™€ ํŒจ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ๊ทน๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ
06:02
-- today the world is more diverse and unfair than perhaps it has ever been in history.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
One percent of us own 40 percent of all the goods and services.
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์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 1ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์žฌํ™” ์šฉ์—ญ์˜ 40ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
What will happen if the billion people today who live on less than one dollar a day
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ํ˜„์žฌ 1๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” 10์–ต๋ช…์˜ ๊ทน๋นˆ์ธต์ด
06:24
rise to three billion in the next 30 years?
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30๋…„ํ›„ 30์–ต๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
06:29
The one percent will own even more than 40 percent of all the world's goods
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 1ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋Š” ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์žฌํ™” ์šฉ์—ญ์˜ 40ํผ์„ผํŠธ ์ด์ƒ์„
06:34
and services. Not because they've grown richer,
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๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์ด ๋ถ€์œ ํ•ด์ ธ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:38
but because the rest of the world has grown increasingly poorer.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ ๋นˆ๊ณคํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
Last week, Bill Clinton at the TED Awards said,
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์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ ๋นŒํด๋ฆฐํ„ด ์ „๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ํ…Œ๋“œ ์–ด์›Œ์ฆˆ์—์„œ
06:45
"This situation is unprecedented, unequal, unfair and unstable."
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"์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „๋ก€์—†๋Š” ์œ„๊ธฐ์†์— ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค" ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
So there's lots of reason for pessimism.
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๋น„๊ด€๋ก ์ด ํŒฝ๋ฐฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๊ณผ์–ธ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
Darfur is, at its origin, a resource war.
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๋‹ค๋ฅดํ‘ธ(Darfur) ์‚ฌํƒœ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์€ ์ž์›์ „์Ÿ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
Last year, there were 85,000 riots in China,
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์ง€๋‚œํ•ด ์ค‘๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” 8๋งŒ5์ฒœ๊ฑด์˜ ํญ๋™์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๊ณ 
07:07
230 a day, that required police or military intervention.
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๊ตฐ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ž…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
Most of them were about resources.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ž์›์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
We are facing an unprecedented number, scale of disasters.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์žฌํ•ด์— ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:20
Some are weather-related, human-rights related, epidemics.
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๊ธฐํ›„์„ฑ ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์žฌํ•ด๋กœ ์ธ๊ถŒ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
And the newly emerging diseases may make H5N1 and bird flu
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์งˆ๋ณ‘์˜ ๋“ฑ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ์ข…ํ”Œ๋ฃจ๋‚˜ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๋…๊ฐ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์žฌ๋‚œ์˜ ์ „์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
a quaint forerunner of things to come. It's a destabilized world.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
And unlike destabilized world in the past, it will be broadcast to you on YouTube,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์œ ํˆฌ๋ธŒ๋‚˜ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ํ‹ฐ๋น„,
07:44
you will see it on digital television and on your cell phones.
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ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์ „ํŒŒ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
What will that lead to?
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”
07:50
For some, it will lead to anger, religious and sectarian violence and terrorism.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ถ„๋…ธ, ์ข…๊ต๋‚˜ ์ •ํŒŒ์‹ธ์›€ ๋˜๋Š” ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
For others, withdrawal, nihilism, materialism.
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๋˜ ๋Œ€์ธ๊ธฐํ”ผ์ฆ์ด๋‚˜ ํ—ˆ๋ฌด์ฃผ์˜, ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ํŒฝ๋ฐฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
For us, where does it take us, as social activists and entrepreneurs?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์šด๋™๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ทจํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”
08:11
As we look at these trends, do we become despondent, or will we become energized?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚™๋‹ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋งŒํ• ๊นŒ์š”
08:20
Let's look at one case, the case of Bangladesh.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:25
First, even if carbon dioxide emissions stopped today,
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์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ด ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋”๋ผ๋„
08:30
global warming would continue.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๋Š” ๊ณ„์†๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
And even with global warming -- if you can see these blue lines,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋ฉด - ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํŒŒ๋ž€์ ์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
08:37
the dotted line shows that even if emissions of greenhouse gasses stopped today,
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์ด ์ ์„ ์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์˜จ์‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ด ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋”๋ผ๋„
08:46
the next decades will see rising sea levels.
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ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋…„๊ฐ„ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ์ƒ์Šนํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
A minimum of 20 to 30 inches of increase in sea levels is the best case
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20์—์„œ 30์ธ์น˜์˜ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ƒ์Šน์ด ๊ทธ๋‚˜๋งˆ ์ตœ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
08:58
that we can hope for, and it could be 10 times that.
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์ด๋ณด๋‹ค 10๋ฐฐ๋Š” ๋” ์ƒ์Šนํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
What will that do to Bangladesh? Let's take a look.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๋ฏธ์น ์ง€ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
09:05
So here's Bangladesh.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:12
70 percent of Bangladesh is at less than five feet above sea level.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ์˜ 70ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์œ„ 5ํ”ผํŠธ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
09:19
Let's go up and take a look at the Himalayas.
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ํžˆ๋ง๋ผ์•ผ์‚ฐ๋งฅ์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
09:21
And we'll watch as global warming makes them melt. More water comes down,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๋กœ ์‚ฐ๋งฅ์ด ๋…น์œผ๋ฉด ์ ์  ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌผ์ด ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋ ค์„œ
09:26
the deforested areas, here in the Tarai, will be unable to absorb the effluent,
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์ด๊ณณ ํƒ€๋ผ์ด์˜ ์‚ผ๋ฆผํ›ผ์†์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋‹ค ํก์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
because trees are like straws that suck up the extra seasonal water.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์›๋ž˜ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์„ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
09:38
Now we're looking down south, through the Kali Gandaki.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚จ์ชฝ์— ์นผ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ„๋‹คํ‚ค ๊ฐ•์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
09:41
Many of you, I think, have probably trekked here.
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๋งŽ์€๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํŠธ๋ ˆํ‚น์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์…จ์„ํ…๋ฐ์š”.
09:44
And we're going to cruise down and take a look at Bangladesh
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์ด์ œ ์ด์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค์™€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
09:49
and see what the impact will be of twin increases in water
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๋ถ์ชฝ์—์„œ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋‚จ์ชฝ ๊ฐ•๋ฌผ์ด
09:55
coming from the north, and in the seas rising from the south.
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๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ค ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋‚˜ ๋ณด์ฃ .
10:01
Looking at the five major rivers that feed Bangladesh.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” 5๊ฐœ ๊ฐ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
And now let's look from the south, looking up, and let's see this in relief.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚จ์ชฝ์—์„œ ์ด ์œ„์˜ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด์‹œ์ฃ .
10:11
A minimum of 20 to 40 inches of increase in seas,
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ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ์ตœ์†Œ 20์—์„œ40์ธ์น˜ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๊ณ 
10:17
coupled with increasing flows from the Himalayas. And take a look at this.
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ํžˆ๋ง๋ผ์•ผ์‚ฐ๋งฅ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌผ์ด ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
10:26
As many as 100 million refugees from Bangladesh could be expected to migrate
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๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ์—์„œ 1์–ต๋ช…์˜ ๋‚œ๋ฏผ์ด
10:35
into India and into China.
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์ธ๋„์™€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
This is the difficulty that one country faces.
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์ด๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์œ„๊ธฐ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
10:44
But if you look at the globe, all around the earth, wherever there is low-lying area,
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„, ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ดค์„๋•Œ ์ €์ง€๋Œ€์™€
10:52
populated areas near the water,
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋‚˜ ๊ฐ• ์ธ๊ทผ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌ๋Š”
10:55
you will find increase in sea level that will challenge our way of life.
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ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ƒ์Šน์œผ๋กœ ํฐ ํƒ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
Sub-Saharan Africa, and even our own San Francisco Bay Area.
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์‚ฌํ•˜๋ผ์ด๋‚จ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์™€ ์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”๋งŒ ์ง€์—ญ๋„ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ํด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
We're all in this together.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
This is not something that happens far away to people that we don't know.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
Global warming is something that happens to all of us, all at once.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์œ„๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
As are these newly emerging communicable diseases,
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๋งˆ์น˜ 20๋…„์ „์—” ๋ณผ์ˆ˜์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ์—๋ณผ๋ผ์—ด, ๋ผ์‚ฌ์—ด์ด๋‚˜ ์›๋‘๊ฐ™์€
11:23
names that you hadn't heard 20 years ago: ebola, lhasa fever, monkey pox.
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์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฅ์น˜๋Š” ์œ„๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
With the erosion of the green belt separating animals from humans,
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๋…น์ง€๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์นจ์‹๋˜์–ด ๋™๋ฌผ์ด ๊ฒฉ๋ฆฌ๋˜๊ณ 
11:33
we live in each other's viral environment.
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๋™๋ฌผ์„ฑ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์— ์•…์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
Do you remember, 20 years ago, no one had ever heard of West Nile fever?
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20๋…„์ „์—” ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์„œ๋‚˜์ผ ์—ด(West Nile fever)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ชฐ๋ž๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:40
And then we watched, as one case arrived on the East Coast of the United States
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„œ๋‚˜์ผ์—ด์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋™ํ•ด์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ํ›„
11:44
and it marched every year, westwardly.
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๋งคํ•ด ์„œ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํผ์ ธ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
Do you remember no one had heard of ebola
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์ค‘์•™์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ ์—๋ณผ๋ผ์—ด๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋ช…์ด ์‚ฌ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง„
11:51
until we heard of hundreds of people dying in Central Africa from it?
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—๋ณผ๋ผ์—ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:55
It's just the beginning, unfortunately.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์ด๊ฑด ์‹œ์ž‘์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
There have been 30 novel emerging communicable diseases
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30์—ฌ๊ฐœ์˜ ์‹ ์ข… ๋™๋ฌผ์„ฑ ์œ ํ–‰๋ณ‘์ด
12:04
that begin in animals that have jumped species in the last 30 years.
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์ง€๋‚œ 30๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ข…์„ ๋„˜๋‚˜๋“ค์–ด ๋ฒˆ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
It's more than enough reason for pessimism.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋น„๊ด€๋ก ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
12:14
But now let's look at the case for optimism. (Laughter)
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ๋‚™๊ด€๋ก ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
12:19
Enough of the bad news. Human beings have always risen to the challenge.
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์ด์ œ ์•ˆ ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์€ ์ ‘์–ด๋‘ก์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ธ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๋Š˜ ์–ด๋ ค์›€๊ณผ ์‹ธ์›Œ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
You just need to look at the list of Nobel laureates to remind ourselves.
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๋…ธ๋ฒจ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ž ๋ช…๋‹จ๋งŒ ๋ด๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
12:30
We've been here before, paralyzed by fear, paralyzed into inaction,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘๋ ค์›€๊ณผ ์•ˆ์ผํ•จ์— ๋น ์ ธ ์žˆ์„๋•Œ
12:36
when some -- probably one of you in this room -- jumped into the breach
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ - ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ํ•œ๋ช…์ผ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  -
12:42
and created an organization like Physicians for Social Responsibility,
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'์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜์‚ฌํšŒ' ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์งํ•˜์—ฌ
12:47
which fought against the nuclear threat,
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ํ•ต ์œ„ํ˜‘์— ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์› ๊ณ 
12:50
Medicins Sans Frontieres, that renewed our commitment to disaster relief,
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'๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์—†๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌํšŒ' ๋Š” ์žฌํ•ด๊ตฌํ˜ธํ™œ๋™์„ ํŽผ์ณค๊ณ 
12:56
Mohamed ElBaradei, and the tremendous hope and optimism that he
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2005๋…„ ๋…ธ๋ฒจํ‰ํ™”์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ž์ธ ๋ชจํ•˜๋ฉ”๋“œ ์—˜๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฐ์ด๋Š” ํฌ๋ง๊ณผ ๋‚™๊ด€๋ก ์˜
13:00
brought all of us, and our own Muhammad Yunus.
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๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „ํŒŒํ•ด ์ด๋“ฌํ•ด ๋ฌดํ•˜๋งˆ๋“œ ์œ ๋ˆ„์Šค๊ฐ€ ํ‰ํ™”์ƒ์„ ์ˆ˜์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
We've seen the eradication of smallpox.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
13:08
We may see the eradication of polio this year.
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์˜ฌํ•ด ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„๋„ ๊ทผ์ ˆ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
Last year, there were only 2,000 cases in the world.
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์ž‘๋…„ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜๋Š” 2์ฒœ๊ฑด์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
We may see the eradication of guinea worm next year --
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๋‚ด๋…„์—” ๊ธฐ๋‹ˆ์—ฐ์ถฉ์„ ๋ฐ•๋ฉธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
there are only 35,000 cases left in the world.
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๋‚จ์€๊ฑด์ˆ˜๋Š” 3๋งŒ5์ฒœ๊ฐœ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
20 years ago, there were three and a half million.
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20๋…„ ์ „๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ 3๋ฐฑ5์‹ญ๋งŒ๊ฑด์— ๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
And we've seen a new disease, not like the 30 novel emerging communicable diseases.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ 30๊ฐœ์˜ ์‹ ์ข… ์œ ํ–‰๋ณ‘๊ณผ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
13:32
This disease is called sudden wealth syndrome. (Laughter)
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์ด ์งˆ๋ณ‘์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ '๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ฆ์ƒ' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
13:38
It's an amazing phenomenon.
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์ด๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ํ˜„์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
All throughout the technology world, we're seeing young people bitten by this
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์†์—์„œ, ์ Š์€์ธต์€ ์ด ์ฆ์ƒ์—
13:45
disease of sudden wealth syndrome.
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์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:49
But they're using their wealth in a way that their forefathers never did.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋“ค์€ ์„ ์กฐ์„ธ๋Œ€์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:55
They're not waiting until they die to create foundations.
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์žฌ๋‹จ์— ์ฆ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฃฝ์„๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
13:59
They're actively guiding their money, their resources, their hearts, their commitments,
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์˜จ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ˆ๊ณผ ์ž์›์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด
14:04
to make the world a better place.
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๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚˜์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
Certainly, nothing can give you more optimism than that.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช… ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
More reasons to be optimistic:
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๋‚™๊ด€๋ก ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋งŒํ•œ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€์š”.
14:12
in the '60s, and I am a creature of the '60s, there was a movement.
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1960๋…„๋Œ€์—, ์ €๋„ ์ด์‹œ๋Œ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:17
We all felt that we were part of it, that a better world was right around the corner,
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๊ทธ์‹œ์ ˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋Š˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜์•„์งˆ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ๊ณ 
14:21
that we were watching the birth of a world free of hatred and violence and prejudice.
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๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ฆ์˜ค์™€ ํญ๋ ฅ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
Today, there's another kind of movement. It's a movement to save the earth.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ๋ฆ„์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์šด๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:32
It's just beginning.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹œ์ž‘์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
Five weeks ago, a group of activists from the business community gathered together
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5์ฃผ์ „ ๋น„์ง€๋‹ˆ์Šค ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์—ฌ
14:41
to stop a Texas utility from building nine coal-fired electrical plants
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ํ•œ ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์ „๋ ฅํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ 9๊ฐœ ํ™”๋ ฅ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ณ„ํš ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์šด๋™์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:47
that would have contributed to destroying the environment.
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๊ฑด์„ค๋˜๋ฉด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ํŒŒ๊ดด๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
14:52
Six months ago, a group of business activists gathered together to join with the
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6๊ฐœ์›”์ „์—” ๋น„์ง€๋‹ˆ์Šค ์šด๋™๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„์˜ ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น ์ถœ์‹  ์ฃผ์ง€์‚ฌ์˜
14:58
Republican governor in California to pass AB 32,
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AB32 ์Šน์ธ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— ๋™์ฐธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:02
the most far-reaching legislation in environmental history.
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์ด ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ†ต๊ณผ๋˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
Al Gore made presentations in the House and the Senate as an expert witness.
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์—˜ ๊ณ ์–ด๋Š” ์ƒํ•˜์›์—์„œ ์ „๋ฌธ์ฆ์ธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
Can you imagine? (Laughter)
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์ƒ์ƒ์ด ๋˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? (์›ƒ์Œ)
15:19
We're seeing an entente cordiale between science and religion that five years ago
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5๋…„์ „์—” ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ณผํ•™๊ณ„์™€ ์ข…๊ต๊ณ„์˜
15:25
I would not have believed, as the evangelical community
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ํ™”ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข…๊ต๊ณ„์—์„œ
15:29
has understood the desperate situation of global warming.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”์˜ ์‹ฌ๊ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
15:35
And now 4,000 churches have joined the environmental movement.
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์ด์ œ 4์ฒœ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ตํšŒ๊ฐ€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์šด๋™์— ๋™์ฐธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:40
It is something to be greatly optimistic about.
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์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด์ฃ .
15:44
The European 20-20-20 plan is an amazing breakthrough,
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ 20-20-20 ๊ณ„ํš์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋ŒํŒŒ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ จํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:50
something that should make all of us feel that hope is on the horizon.
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋ง์˜ ๋น›์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
15:55
And on April 14th, there will be Step Up Day, where there will be a thousand
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4์›”14์ผ์—” ์ฒœ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ์šด๋™๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๋ชจ์—ฌ
16:00
individual mobilized social activist movements in the United States on protest
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝํŒŒ๊ดด ์†Œ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
16:07
against legislation -- pushing for legislation to stop global warming.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜จ๋‚œํ™˜ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ๋ฒ•์•ˆ ํ†ต๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜จํž˜์„ ๋‹คํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:13
And on July 7th, around the world, I learned only yesterday,
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์–ด์ œ ์•ˆ ๊ฑด๋ฐ 7์›”7์ผ์—” ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ
16:17
there will be global Live Earth concerts.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:21
And you can feel this optimistic move to save the earth in the air.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ๋Š๋‚„์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ์‹ค ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
16:27
Now, that doesn't mean that people understand that global warming
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ทน๋นˆ์ธต๊ณผ ์ทจ์•ฝ๊ณ„์ธต์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ
16:31
hurts the poorest and the weakest the most.
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ํƒ€๊ฒฉ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:35
That means that people are beginning the first step,
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์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ
16:37
which is acting out of their own self-interest.
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒซ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋””๋”˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:40
But I am seeing in the major funders, in CARE, Rockefeller,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค ์ฆ‰ ๋กํŽ ๋Ÿฌ, ๋กํŽ ๋Ÿฌ ๋ธŒ๋ผ๋”์Šค ํŽ€๋“œ,
16:44
Rockefeller Brothers Fund, Hewlett, Mercy Corps, you guys, Google,
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ํœด๋ ›, ๋จธ์‹œ ์ฝ”ํผ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜, ๊ตฌ๊ธ€ ๋“ฑ์€
16:49
so many other organizations, a beginning of understanding that we need
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1์ฐจ์ ์ธ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜จ๋‚œํ™” ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด
16:54
to work not just on primary prevention of global warming,
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์ „๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
but on the secondary prevention of the consequences of global warming
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2์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทน๋นˆ์ธต๊ณผ ์ทจ์•ฝ๊ณ„์ธต์— ๋ฏธ์นœ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”์˜ ์•…์˜ํ–ฅ์„
17:02
on the poorest and the most vulnerable.
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ํ•ด์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
17:07
But for me, I have another reason to be an incurable optimist.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์ œ๋ถˆ๋Šฅ์˜ ๋‚™๊ด€๋ก ์ž์ธ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:12
And you've heard so many inspiring stories here, and I heard so many last night
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ ๋ฌด์ ์ธ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ์…จ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ณ 
17:18
that I thought I would share a little bit of mine.
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์ €๋„ ์–ด์ œ ๋“ค์€ ์–˜๊ธฐ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:21
My background is not exactly conventional medical training.
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์ œ ์ „๊ณต์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ •ํ†ต ์˜ํ•™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:25
And I lived in a Himalayan monastery, and I studied with a very wise teacher,
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์ €๋Š” ํžˆ๋ง๋ผ์•ผ ์ˆ˜๋„์›์— ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ํ˜„์ธ์„ ์Šค์Šน๋‹˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์‹œ๋ฉฐ ์‚ด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
17:30
who kicked me out of the monastery one day and told me that it was my destiny --
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋Š” ์Šค์Šน๊ป˜์„œ ์ˆ˜๋„์›์—์„œ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ ์šด๋ช…์ด๋ผ ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:35
it felt like Yoda -- it is your destiny to go to work for WHO
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์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ณด๊ฑด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€
17:41
and to help eradicate smallpox,
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์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘ ํ‡ด์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
17:43
at a time when there was no smallpox program.
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์š”๋‹ค์™€๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ ์„ธ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
17:47
It should make you optimistic that smallpox no longer exists
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ทผ์ ˆ๋๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋‚™๊ด€๋ก ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ ๋งŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:51
because it was the worst disease in history.
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์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋Š” ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
17:55
In the last century -- that's the one that was seven years ago --
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7๋…„ ์ „์˜ ์ง€๋‚œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„
18:01
half a billion people died from smallpox:
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5์–ต๋ช…์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
18:03
more than all the wars in history,
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์ด๋Š” ์ „์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ง์ž๋‚˜
18:06
more than any other infectious disease in the history of the world.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ง์ž์ˆ˜๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ํฐ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ฃ .
18:11
In the Summer of Love, in 1967, two million people, children, died of smallpox.
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1967๋…„์— 2๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:18
It's not ancient history.
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์ด๋Š” ์˜›๋‚  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:21
When you read the biblical plague of boils, that was smallpox.
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์„ฑ์„œ์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋ถ€์Šค๋Ÿผ๋ณ‘์ด ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:26
Pharaoh Ramses the Fifth, whose picture is here, died of smallpox.
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ํŒŒ๋ผ์˜ค ๋žŒ์„ธ์Šค 5์„ธ๋„ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:33
To eradicate smallpox, we had to gather the largest United Nations army in history.
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์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘ ํ‡ด์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ƒ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜ ์œ ์—”๊ตฐ์„ ๋™์›ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
18:39
We visited every house in India, searching for smallpox -- 120 million houses,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ธ๋„์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€์ •์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ด, ํ•œ๋‹ฌ์— ํ•œ๋ฒˆ
18:45
once every month, for nearly two years.
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1์–ต2์ฒœ์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์ •์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ด ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘ ์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:49
In a cruel reversal, after we had almost conquered smallpox --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ‡ด์น˜์‹œ์ผฐ์„ ๋ฌด๋ ต - ์‚ฌํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์•…ํ™”๋์ฃ .
18:52
and this is what you must learn as a social entrepreneur, the realm of the final inch.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ธฐ์—…๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ ๋ง‰ํŒ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:58
When we had almost eradicated smallpox, it came back again,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ‡ด์น˜์‹œ์ผฐ์„ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:02
because the company town of Tatanagar drew laborers,
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ํƒ€ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฅด ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ชฐ๋ ค์™€
19:07
who could come there and get employment.
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์ง์žฅ์„ ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
19:10
And they caught smallpox in the one remaining place that had smallpox,
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ๋ชฐ๋ ค์™€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
19:14
and they went home to die.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ณธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:16
And when they did, they took smallpox to 10 other countries
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์ด๋“ค์ด ๋ณธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„ ํ›„ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋Š” 10๊ฐœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฒˆ์ ธ์„œ
19:20
and reignited the epidemic.
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์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์œ ํ–‰๋ณ‘์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
19:22
And we had to start all over again.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
19:26
But, in the end, we succeeded, and the last case of smallpox:
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ผ€์ด์Šค๊ฐ€
19:33
this little girl, Rahima Banu -- Barisal, in Bangladesh --
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๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ ๋ฐ”๋ฆฌ์‚ด์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ผํžˆ๋งˆ ๋ฐ”๋ˆ„๋ผ๋Š” ์†Œ๋…€์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ
19:40
when she coughed or breathed, and the last virus of smallpox left her lungs
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์นจํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ˆจ ์‰ด๋•Œ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ํ์—์„œ
19:47
and fell on the dirt and the sun killed that last virus,
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๋ชธ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์™€ ํƒœ์–‘์ด ๊ทธ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์ด๋ฉด์„œ
19:53
thus ended a chain of transmission of history's greatest horror.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ธ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘์˜ ์ „์—ผ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋Š์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:01
How can that not make you optimistic?
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์ด๋Š” ๋‚™๊ด€๋ก ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋งŒํ•œ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
20:07
A disease which killed hundreds of thousands in India, and blinded half of
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์ธ๋„์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ์•—์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ , ์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์„
20:13
all of those who were made blind in India, ended.
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์‹ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:18
And most importantly for us here in this room, a bond was created.
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๋˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ชจ์ด์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋‹จ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์„ฑํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:25
Doctors, health workers, from 30 different countries,
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30๊ฐœ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์˜ค์‹  ์˜์‚ฌ, ๋ณด๊ฑด์ธ๋ ฅ๋“ค์ด
20:28
of every race, every religion, every color, worked together,
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์ธ์ข…, ์ข…๊ต, ๊ตญ์ ์„ ๋ถˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:33
fought alongside each other,
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ 
20:36
fought against a common enemy, didn't fight against each other.
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์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งž์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ณต๋™์˜ ์ ์— ๋งž์„œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹ธ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:41
How can that not make you feel optimistic for the future?
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์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋‚™๊ด€๋ก ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋งŒํ•œ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:46
Thank you very much.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:48
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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