A global pandemic calls for global solutions | Larry Brilliant

66,678 views ใƒป 2020-05-11

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Transcriber: Ivana Korom Reviewer: Krystian Aparta
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ํ•œ์†œ ์ด ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
Helen Walters: So, Chris, who's up first?
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ํ—ฌ๋ Œ ์›Œํ„ฐ์Šค(HW): ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ฃ ?
00:15
Chris Anderson: Well, we have a man who's worried about pandemics
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์•ค๋”์Šจ(CA): ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์ƒ๋™์•ˆ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
00:18
pretty much his whole life.
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๊ตฐ์š”.
00:20
He played an absolutely key role, more than 40 years ago,
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๊ทธ๋Š” 40๋…„๋„ ๋” ์ „์— ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ
00:23
in helping the world get rid of the scourge of smallpox.
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์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋ชฐ์•„๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ ์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
And in 2006,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2006๋…„์—๋Š”
00:29
he came to TED to warn the world
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TED์— ๋‚˜์™€์„œ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด
00:32
of the dire risk of a global pandemic,
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ด ์˜ฌ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
00:36
and what we might do about it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ• ์ง€ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:38
So please welcome here Dr. Larry Brilliant.
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๋‚˜์™€์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋ž˜๋ฆฌ ๋ธŒ๋Ÿด๋ฆฌ์–ธํŠธ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜.
00:42
Larry, so good to see you.
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๋ž˜๋ฆฌ, ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์›Œ์š”.
00:43
Larry Brilliant: Thank you, nice to see you.
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๋ž˜๋ฆฌ ๋ธŒ๋ฆด๋ฆฌ์–ธํŠธ(LB): ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์›Œ์š”.
00:46
CA: Larry, in that talk,
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๋ž˜๋ฆฌ, ๊ทธ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์—์„œ
00:49
you showed a video clip that was a simulation
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€
00:51
of what a pandemic might look like.
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์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์คฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
I would like to play it -- this gave me chills.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ‹€์–ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ตฐ์š”- ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ์–ด๋งˆ์–ด๋งˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
Larry Brilliant (TED2006): Let me show you a simulation
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LB (TED 2006): ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
01:01
of what a pandemic looks like,
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€,
01:04
so we know what we're talking about.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
Let's assume, for example, that the first case occurs in South Asia.
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๊ฐ€์ •์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚จ์•„์‹œ์•„์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
It initially goes quite slowly,
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์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ฝค ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
01:14
you get two or three discrete locations.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ํ˜น์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
Then there will be secondary outbreaks.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ž ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
And the disease will spread from country to country so fast
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ์™€ ๋‚˜๋ผ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๊ธ‰์†๋„๋กœ ํผ์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด
01:25
that you won't know what hit you.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ฃ .
01:28
Within three weeks, it will be everywhere in the world.
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3์ฃผ ์•ˆ์—, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ํผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
Now if we had an undo button,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์›์ƒํƒœ๋กœ์˜ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋ฉด
01:34
and we could go back
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์›๋ž˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ 
01:36
and isolate it and grab it when it first started,
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์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ์‹œ์ผœ ์žก์•„๋‚ด๋ฉด
01:39
if we could find it early and we had early detection
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์กฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํƒ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:42
and early response,
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๋Œ€์‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
01:43
and we could put each one of those viruses in jail,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๊ฐ€๋‘ฌ๋†“๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
01:47
that's the only way to deal with something like a pandemic.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด์ฃ .
01:54
CA: Larry, that phrase you mentioned there,
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CA: ๋ž˜๋ฆฌ, ๊ทธ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:56
"early detection," "early response,"
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"์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํƒ์ง€," "์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€์‘",
01:58
that was a key theme of that talk,
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๊ทธ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ฃผ์ œ์˜€๊ณ ,
02:00
you made us all repeat it several times.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:03
Is that still the key to preventing a pandemic?
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์„ ๋ง‰๋Š”๋ฐ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์œ ํšจํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”?
02:08
LB: Oh, surely.
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LB: ๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
02:10
You know, when you have a pandemic,
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด,
02:12
something moving at exponential speed,
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋นจ๋ผ์ง€๋ฉฐ
02:16
if you miss the first two weeks, if you're late the first two weeks,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ์ฒซ ๋‘ ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋†“์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ  ์ฒซ ๋‘ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋Šฆ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:20
it's not the deaths and the illness from the first two weeks you lose,
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๊ทธ ๋†“์นœ ๋‘ ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์‚ฌ๋ง๊ณผ ๋ณ‘์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
02:23
it's the two weeks at the peak.
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๋‘ ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ •์ ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
Those are prevented if you act early.
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
02:29
Early response is critical,
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€์‘์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
early detection is a condition precedent.
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํƒ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ „์ œ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
02:36
CA: And how would you grade the world
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CA: COVID 19์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํƒ์ง€์™€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€์‘ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ
02:37
on its early detection, early response to COVID-19?
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์„ฑ์ ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋งค๊ธด๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
02:42
LB: Of course, you gave me this question earlier,
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LB: ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ฒˆ์—๋„ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
02:45
so I've been thinking a lot about it.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
I think I would go through the countries,
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๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ
02:49
and I've actually made a list.
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๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:50
I think the island republics of Taiwan, Iceland and certainly New Zealand
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๋Œ€๋งŒ, ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋žœ๋“œ, ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ๋„
02:56
would get an A.
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A๋ฅผ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๊ตฌ์š”.
02:58
The island republic of the UK and the United States --
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์˜๊ตญ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ
03:01
which is not an island, no matter how much we may think we are --
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์ œ๋„๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋“  ๊ฐ„์—
03:05
would get a failing grade.
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๋‚™์ œ์ ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
I'd give a B to South Korea and to Germany.
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ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋…์ผ์€ B์ •๋„ ๋˜๊ณ ์š”.
03:12
And in between ...
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ด์—
03:13
So it's a very heterogeneous response, I think.
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋Œ€์‘๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
03:17
The world as a whole is faltering.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
03:19
We shouldn't be proud of what's happening right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
03:24
CA: I mean, we got the detection pretty early,
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CA: ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝค ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ํƒ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธด ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:27
or at least some doctors in China got the detection pretty early.
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์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์ด ๊ฝค ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ํƒ์ง€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์ž–์•„์š”.
03:33
LB: Earlier than the 2002 SARS, which took six months.
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LB: 2002 ์‚ฌ์Šค๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” 6๊ฐœ์›”์ด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ธด ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:36
This took about six weeks.
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6์ฃผ ๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
03:39
And detection means not only finding it,
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ํƒ์ง€๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
03:41
but knowing what it is.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
So I would give us a pretty good score on that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฝค ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.
03:46
The transparency, the communication -- those are other issues.
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ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ, ์†Œํ†ต, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ฃ .
03:51
CA: So what was the key mistake
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CA: ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด F๋ฅผ ์ค€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜
03:54
that you think the countries you gave an F to made?
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์š”?
03:58
LB: I think fear,
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LB: ๋‘๋ ค์›€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
04:00
political incompetence, interference,
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์ •์น˜์  ๋ฌด๋Šฅ, ๋ฐฉํ•ด,
04:04
not taking it seriously soon enough --
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ.
04:07
it's pretty human.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
04:09
I think throughout history,
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์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ‹€์–ด์„œ
04:10
pretty much every pandemic is first viewed with denial and doubt.
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •๊ณผ ์˜์‹ฌ์„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
04:15
But those countries that acted quickly,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:17
and even those who started slow, like South Korea,
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์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์™„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
04:20
they could still make up for it, and they did really well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:24
We've had two months that we've lost.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹ฌ์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์ฃ .
04:27
We've given a virus that moves exponentially
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
04:31
a two-month head start.
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๋‘ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ์ค€ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
That's not a good idea, Chris.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”, ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค.
04:35
CA: No, indeed.
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CA: ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
04:36
I mean, there's so much puzzling information still out there
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์•„์ง๋„ ์ด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
04:39
about this virus.
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๋ฐํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
04:41
What do you think the scientific consensus is going to likely end up being
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์ด๊ฑธ ๋๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด
04:45
on, like, the two key numbers
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ฐ์—ผ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์น˜์‚ฌ์œจ
04:47
of its infectiousness and its fatality rate?
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์ด ๋‘ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”?
04:52
LB: So I think the kind of equation to keep in mind
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LB: ๋จผ์ € ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜
04:56
is that the virus moves dependent on three major issues.
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์ค‘์š” ์š”์ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์›€์ง์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ณต์‹์„ ๋ช…์‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
05:00
One is the R0,
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” RO,
05:02
the first number of secondary cases that there are when the virus emerges.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์ผ€์ด์Šค๋“ค.
05:06
In this case,
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—,
05:08
people talk about it being 2.2, 2.4.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ 2.2, 2.4 ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ฃ .
05:12
But a really important paper three weeks ago,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 3์ฃผ ์ „์— ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ๋‚˜์™”๋Š”๋ฐ
05:14
in the "Emerging Infectious Diseases" journal came out,
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"๊ฐ์—ผ๋ณ‘ ๋ฐœ์ƒ" ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ์‹ค๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š”
05:19
suggesting that looking back on the Wuhan data,
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์šฐํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค๋ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
05:22
it's really 5.7.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” 5.7์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ .
05:24
So for argument's sake,
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๋…ผ์Ÿ์€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
05:25
let's say that the virus is moving at exponential speed
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์ด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
05:28
and the exponent is somewhere between 2.2 and 5.7.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์ผ์ธ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 2.2์—์„œ 5.7๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ”์–ด์š”.
05:32
The other two factors that matter
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์†Œ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ
05:34
are the incubation period or the generation time.
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์ž ๋ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด์ฃ .
05:37
The longer that is,
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๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธธ์ˆ˜๋ก
05:38
the slower the pandemic appears to us.
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์€ ๋” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
When it's really short, like six days, it moves like lightning.
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ์งง์•„์ง€๋ฉด 6์ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฒˆ๊ฐœ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์›€์ง์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:45
And then the last, and the most important --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๋Š”
05:47
and it's often overlooked --
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์ข…์ข… ๊ฐ„๊ณผํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
05:48
is the density of susceptibles.
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๋ฐ€์ง‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์ด์ฃ .
05:50
This is a novel virus,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ธด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
so we want to know how many customers could it potentially have.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ์ฃ .
05:56
And as it's novel, that's eight billion of us.
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์ฒ˜์Œ ์ƒ๊ธด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋‹ˆ 80์–ต ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ „์ฒด์ฃ .
05:59
The world is facing a virus
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ
06:01
that looks at all of us like equally susceptible.
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๋™๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งž์ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
Doesn't matter our color, our race,
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ํ”ผ๋ถ€์ƒ‰, ์ธ์ข…,
06:06
or how wealthy we are.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ž์ด๋“  ๊ฐ„์— ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด์š”.
06:09
CA: I mean, none of the numbers that you've mentioned so far
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CA: ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ์ˆซ์ž๋“ค๋งŒ ๋ด๋„
06:12
are in themselves different from any other infections in recent years.
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ์—ผ๋ณ‘๋“ค๊ณผ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
06:17
What is the combination that has made this so deadly?
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฑฐ๋ž‘ ํ•ฉ์ณ์ง€๋ฉด ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
06:21
LB: Well, it is exactly the combination
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ๋Š” ์งง์€ ์ž ๋ณต๊ธฐ์™€
06:23
of the short incubation period and the high transmissibility.
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๋†’์€ ์ „์—ผ๋ ฅ์ด ํ•ฉ์ณ์ง€๋ฉด ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:27
But you know, everybody on this call has known somebody who has the disease.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋ณ‘์„ ์•“์•˜๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:33
Sadly, many have lost a loved one.
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์Šฌํ”„๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
06:37
This is a terrible disease when it is serious.
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์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ ์ด ๋ณ‘์€ ์ตœ์•…์ด ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
And I get calls from doctors in emergency rooms
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ
06:43
and treating people in ICUs all over the world,
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์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค์—์„œ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ
06:47
and they all say the same thing:
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์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑธ ๋ฌผ์–ด์š”.
06:49
"How do I choose who is going to live and who is going to die?
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"๋ˆ„๊ตด ์ฃฝ์ด๊ณ  ์‚ด๋ฆด์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ •ํ•˜์ฃ ?
06:53
I have so few tools to deal with."
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์น˜๋ฃŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•œ์ •์ ์ธ๋ฐ์š”."
06:56
It's a terrifying disease,
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์ด ๋ณ‘์ด ์ตœ์•…์ธ๊ฒŒ
06:58
to die alone with a ventilator in your lungs,
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ํ์— ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๊ณ  ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ
07:02
and it's a disease that affects all of our organs.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:05
It's a respiratory disease --
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ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ ์งˆํ™˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ
07:07
perhaps misleading.
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์˜คํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
07:08
Makes you think of a flu.
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๋…๊ฐ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
07:10
But so many of the patients have blood in their urine
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŽ์€ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด ์†Œ๋ณ€์— ํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฉด
07:12
from kidney disease,
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์‹ ์žฅ ์งˆํ™˜๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
07:14
they have gastroenteritis,
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์œ„์—ผ์ผ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:15
they certainly have heart failure very often,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ž์ฃผ ์‹ฌ์žฅ์งˆํ™˜์„ ์•“๊ณ 
07:18
we know that it affects taste and smell, the olfactory nerves,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ๊ฐ๊ณผ ํ›„๊ฐ ํ›„์‹ ๊ฒฝ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์ฃ .
07:22
we know, of course, about the lung.
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ํ์—๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
The question I have:
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์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์ด๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:26
is there any organ that it does not affect?
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์ด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
07:29
And in that sense,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฉด์—์„œ
07:31
it reminds me all too much of smallpox.
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์ด ๋ณ‘์ด ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์š”.
07:37
CA: So we're in a mess.
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CA: ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด์ฃ .
07:38
What's the way forward from here?
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
07:41
LB: Well, the way forward is still the same.
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LB: ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
Rapid detection,
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๋น ๋ฅธ ํƒ์ง€,
07:45
rapid response.
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๋น ๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์‘,
07:46
Finding every case,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ€์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋ฉฐ
07:48
and then figuring out all the contacts.
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์ ‘์ด‰์ž๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
07:51
We've got great new technology for contact tracing,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ ‘์ด‰์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
we've got amazing scientists working at the speed of light
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๋น›์˜ ์†๋„๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง„๋‹จํ‚คํŠธ์™€ ํ•ญ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
07:57
to give us test kits and antivirals and vaccines.
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๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:00
We need to slow down,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถœ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:03
the Buddhists say slow down time
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๋ถ€์ฒ˜๋‹˜์ด ๋ง์”€ํ•˜๊ธธ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถœ์ˆ˜๋ก
08:06
so that you can put your heart, your soul, into that space.
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์˜ํ˜ผ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ž–์•„์š”.
08:10
We need to slow down the speed of this virus,
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์ด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถœ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
08:13
which is why we do social distancing.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋‘๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
08:15
Just to be clear --
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ฃ .
08:16
flattening the curve, social distancing,
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์ž ์ž๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด, ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‘๊ธฐ
08:19
it doesn't change the absolute number of cases,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ํ™•์ง„์ž ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์ด์ง„ ์•Š์•„์š”.
08:22
but it changes what could be a Mount Fuji-like peak
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ›„์ง€์‚ฐ์ด ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•ด
08:26
into a pulse,
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ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑธ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:28
and then we won't also lose people because of competition for hospital beds,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณ‘์ƒ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ฃฝ์ผ ํ•„์š”๋„ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ
08:32
people who have heart attacks, need chemotherapy, difficult births,
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์‹ฌ์žฅ๋งˆ๋น„, ํ™”ํ•™์š”๋ฒ•, ๋‚œ์‚ฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด
08:36
can get into the hospital,
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๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
08:38
and we can use the scarce resources we have,
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์˜๋ฃŒ์ž์›์ด ๊ท€ํ•œ
08:41
especially in the developing world,
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
08:43
to treat people.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:44
So slow down,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
08:46
slow down the speed of the epidemic,
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ณ 
08:49
and then in the troughs, in between waves,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐ ์ ๊ณผ ๊ณก์„ ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ
08:52
jump on, double down, step on it,
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์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์ง€๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:55
and find every case,
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๋ชจ๋“  ํ™•์ง„์ž ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„
08:57
trace every contact,
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์ ‘์ด‰์ž๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ ํ•ด
08:59
test every case,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌํ•ด
09:00
and then only quarantine the ones who need to be quarantined,
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๊ฒฉ๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฉ๋ฆฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
09:03
and do that until we have a vaccine.
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๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
CA: So it sounds like we have to get past the stage of just mitigation,
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CA: ๊ทธ ๋ง์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์™„ํ™”์กฐ์น˜์ด๊ณ 
09:11
where we're just trying to take a general shutdown,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ์‡„์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š”
09:15
to the point where we can start identifying individual cases again
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๊ฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ผ€์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
09:18
and contact-trace for them
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์ ‘์ด‰์ž๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ์—
09:20
and treat them separately.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
09:22
I mean, to do that,
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์ œ ๋ง์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
09:23
that seems like it's going to take a step up of coordination,
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์˜์ง€, ๋‹จ์ฒด, ํˆฌ์ž,
09:28
ambition, organization, investment,
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ํ…๋ฐ์š”.
09:31
that we're not really seeing the signs of yet in some countries.
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค์ž–์•„์š”.
09:35
Can we do this, how can we do this?
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
09:37
LB: Oh, of course we can do this.
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LB: ๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
I mean, Taiwan did it so beautifully,
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๋Œ€๋งŒ์ด ์ด๊ฑธ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ•ด๋ƒˆ์ฃ .
09:43
Iceland did it so beautifully, Germany,
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์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ๊ณ  ์ž˜ํ•ด๋ƒˆ๊ณ , ๋…์ผ
09:45
all with different strategies,
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์˜จ๊ฐ– ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ „๋žต์œผ๋กœ ์ž˜ํ•ด๋ƒˆ์ฃ .
09:46
South Korea.
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ํ•œ๊ตญ,
09:48
It really requires competent governance,
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ์œ ๋Šฅํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€,
09:51
a sense of seriousness,
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์‹ฌ๊ฐ์„ฑ์˜ ์ธ์‹,
09:54
and listening to the scientists, not the politicians following the virus.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋ง์— ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ž…์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
09:58
Of course we can do this.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
Let me remind everybody --
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์ด๊ฑธ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ๋“œ๋ ค์•ผ๊ฒ ๊ตฐ์š”.
10:02
this is not the zombie apocalypse,
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์ด๊ฑด ์ข€๋น„ ์•„ํฌ์นผ๋ฆฝ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
it's not a mass extinction event.
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๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฉธ์ข… ์œ„๊ธฐ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
10:06
You know, 98, 99 percent of us are going to get out of this alive.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ 98, 99%๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ƒ์กดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
We need to deal with it the way we know we can,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
and we need to be the best version of ourselves.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ์ฃ .
10:19
Both sitting at home
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์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
10:21
as well as in science, and certainly in leadership.
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๊ณผํ•™๊ณ„๋„, ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค๋„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
CA: And might there be even worse pathogens out there
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CA: ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋”
10:29
in the future?
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์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ณ‘์›์ฒด๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”?
10:30
Like, can you picture or describe
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๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”.
10:32
an even worse combination of those numbers
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• 
10:34
that we should start to get ready for?
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์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ?
10:39
LB: Well, smallpox had an R0 of 3.5 to 4.5,
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LB: ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘์˜ RO๋Š” 3.5์—์„œ 4.5,
10:43
so that's probably about what I think this COVID will be.
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COVID๊ฐ€ ์ด์ •๋„ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ณ ์š” ์ „.
10:47
But it killed a third of the people.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 3๋ถ„์˜ 1๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์˜€์ฃ .
10:50
But we had a vaccine.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
So those are the different sets that you have.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์‹  ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ข€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ฃ .
10:55
But what I'm mostly worried about,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
10:56
and the reason that we made "Contagion"
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "์ปจํ…Œ์ด์ ผ" ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ 
10:58
and that was a fictional virus --
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”๋ฐ
11:00
I repeat, for those of you watching,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณด์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜
11:03
that's fiction.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์˜ํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
We created a virus that killed a lot more than this one did.
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์˜ํ™”๋ณด๋‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ฃฝ์˜€์–ด์š”.
11:08
CA: You're talking about the movie "Contagion"
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CA: ์˜ํ™” "์ปจํ…Œ์ด์ ผ" ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
11:10
that's been trending on Netflix.
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๋„ทํ”Œ๋ฆญ์Šค์—์„œ ํ•œ์ฐฝ ํ™”์ œ๋˜๋ฐ.
11:12
And you were an advisor for.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์ž๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์…จ๊ณ ์š”.
11:14
LB: Absolutely, that's right.
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LB: ๋งž์•„์š”.
11:16
But we made that movie deliberately
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ
11:18
to show what a real pandemic looked like,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ด ์–ด๋–ค์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋งŽ์ด ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:20
but we did choose a pretty awful virus.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฝค ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์ฃ .
11:24
And the reason we showed it like that,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
11:26
going from a bat to an apple,
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๋ฐ•์ฅ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋กœ
11:28
to a pig, to a cook, to Gwyneth Paltrow,
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๋ผ์ง€๋กœ ์š”๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋„ค์Šค ํŽ ํŠธ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ๋กœ
11:31
was because that is in nature what we call spillover,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๊ธ‰ํšจ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์ž์—ฐ์—์„œ๋„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜€์ฃ .
11:35
as zoonotic diseases,
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๋™๋ฌผ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘
11:38
diseases of animals, spill over to human beings.
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๋™๋ฌผ์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
11:41
And if I look backwards three decades
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์ œ๊ฐ€ 30๋…„ ์ „์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
11:43
or forward three decades --
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30๋…„ ํ›„๋กœ ๋จผ์ € ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:45
looking backward three decades, Ebola, SARS, Zika,
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30๋…„ ์ „์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—๋ณผ๋ผ, ์‚ฌ์Šค, ์ง€์นด,
11:49
swine flu, bird flu, West Nile,
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๋ผ์ง€ ๋…๊ฐ, ์กฐ๋ฅ˜ ๋…๊ฐ, ๋‡Œ์—ผ
11:51
we can begin almost a catechism
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๊ต๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธ๋‹ต์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
11:54
and listen to all the cacophony of these names.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด๋ฆ„๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถˆํ˜‘ํ™”์Œ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
11:58
But there were 30 to 50 novel viruses that jumped into human beings.
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30~50๊ฐœ์˜ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ƒ๊ธด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋“ค์ด ์ธ๊ฐ„์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜€์ฃ .
12:03
And I'm afraid, looking forward,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ๋‚ด๋‹ค๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:05
we are in the age of pandemics,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ์žˆ๊ณ 
12:07
we have to behave like that,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
we need to practice One Health,
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์›ํ—ฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
we need to understand that we're living in the same world
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ, ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์—
12:14
as animals, the environment, and us,
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์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
and we get rid of this fiction that we are some kind of special species.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ข…์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์†Œ์„ค์„ ์—†์•จ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
To the virus, we're not.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
12:24
CA: Mmm.
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CA: ์Œ.
12:25
You mentioned vaccines, though.
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๊ทธ๋‚˜์ €๋‚˜ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
12:27
Do you see any accelerated path to a vaccine?
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๋ฐฑ์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅธ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”?
12:31
LB: I do.
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LB: ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
I'm actually excited to see that we're doing something
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์ „ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
that we only get to think of in computer science,
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ณตํ•™์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋งŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
12:39
which is we're changing what should have always been,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์š”.
12:42
or has always been, rather,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋“ฏ์ด
12:44
multiple sequential processes.
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๋‹ค๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ํ›„์†์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„์š”.
12:46
Do safety testing, then you test for effectiveness,
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์•ˆ์ „ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
12:51
then for efficiency.
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์ฃ .
12:53
And then you manufacture.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
We're doing all three or four of those steps,
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3๋‹จ๊ณ„ ํ˜น์€ 4๋‹จ๊ณ„๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ์ณ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
12:57
instead of doing it in sequence, we're doing in parallel.
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์ฐจ๋ก€๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๋™์‹œ์— ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
13:00
Bill Gates has said he's going to build seven vaccine production lines
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๋นŒ ๊ฒŒ์ด์ธ ๋Š” ๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ณต์žฅ์„
13:04
in the United States,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— 7๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ์ง€์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
13:05
and start preparing for production,
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๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
13:07
not knowing what the end vaccine is going to be.
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๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ์ง€๋„ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„๋กœ.
13:10
We're simultaneously doing safety tests and efficacy tests.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•ˆ์ „ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์™€ ํšจ์šฉ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
13:15
I think the NIH has jumped up.
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NIH๋Š” ์ด๊ฑธ ๋„˜์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์–ด์š”.
13:18
I'm very thrilled to see that.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑธ ๋ณด๋ฉด ํฅ๋ถ„์ด ๋˜์ฃ .
13:21
CA: And how does that translate into a likely time line, do you think?
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CA: ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
13:25
A year, 18 months, is that possible?
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์ผ๋…„, 18๊ฐœ์›”, ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
13:27
LB: You know, Tony Fauci is our guru in this,
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LB: ํ† ๋‹ˆ ํŒŒ์šฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์•„์ฃผ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
and he said 12 to 18 months.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” 12~18๊ฐœ์›” ์ •๋„๋ผ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
13:33
I think that we will do faster than that in the initial vaccine.
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
13:37
But you may have heard that this virus
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
13:39
may not give us the long-term immunity --
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๋ฉด์—ญ์ด ์˜ค๋ž˜๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
that something like smallpox would do.
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์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
13:44
So we're trying to make vaccines where we add adjuvants
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋• ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ณด์กฐํ•  ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ œ๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
13:48
that actually make the vaccine create better immunity
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ์งˆ๋ณ‘๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋”
13:54
than the disease,
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๋‚˜์€ ํ•ญ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ์ฃ .
13:55
so that we can confer immunity for many years.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋žœ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฉด์—ญ์ด ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
That's going to take a little longer.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
CA: Last question, Larry.
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CA: ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ž˜๋ฆฌ.
14:02
Back in 2006, as a winner of the TED Prize,
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2006๋…„์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ TED ํ”„๋ผ์ด์ฆˆ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ž๋กœ์„œ
14:07
we granted you a wish,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์†Œ์› ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด์คฌ์ž–์•„์š”.
14:08
and you wished the world would create this pandemic preparedness system
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์†Œ์›์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ค€๋น„๋œ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ถฐ
14:12
that would prevent something like this happening.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
14:14
I feel like we, the world, let you down.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์‹ค๋ง์‹œํ‚จ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ตฐ์š”.
14:17
If you were to make another wish now,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ์›์„ ๋นŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
14:20
what would it be?
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
14:22
LB: Well, I don't think we're let down in terms of speed of detection.
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LB: ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ํƒ์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ง„ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
14:26
I'm actually pretty pleased.
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๊ฝค ๊ธฐ์˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
14:27
When we met in 2006,
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2006๋…„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•
14:29
the average one of these viruses leaping from an animal to a human,
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ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋“ค์ด ๋™๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š”
14:33
it took us six months to find that --
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ๊นŒ์ง€ 6๊ฐœ์›”์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
14:35
like the first Ebola, for example.
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์—๋ณผ๋ผ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
14:37
We're now finding the first cases in two weeks.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ฒซ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋ฐ 2์ฃผ ์ •๋„ ๊ฑธ๋ ค์š”.
14:40
I'm not unhappy about that,
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์‹ค๋งํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
I'd like to push it down to a single incubation period.
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๊ฐ ์ผ€์ด์Šค์˜ ์ž ๋ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์งง์•„์กŒ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
14:45
It's a bigger issue for me.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฒŒ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:46
What I found is that in the Smallpox Eradication Programme
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์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘ ์ œ๊ฑฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
14:50
people of all colors, all religions, all races,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๊ต, ์ธ์ข…, ํ”ผ๋ถ€์ƒ‰์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
14:54
so many countries,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ
14:55
came together.
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์™€ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
14:57
And it took working as a global community
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋กœ์„œ
15:00
to conquer a global pandemic.
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๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒ… ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
15:03
Now, I feel that we have become victims of centrifugal forces.
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์ „ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ค‘์•™์ง‘๊ถŒ์  ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
15:09
We're in our nationalistic kind of barricades.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์น˜๋Š” ๊ตญ์ˆ˜์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์ด ๋˜์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์ฃ .
15:13
We will not be able to conquer a pandemic
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด์š”.
15:17
unless we believe we're all in it together.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด์š”.
15:19
This is not some Age of Aquarius, or Kumbaya statement,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ž์œ  ํ‰ํ™” ์šฐ์• ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€ ํ˜น์€ ์ฟฐ๋ฐ”์•ผ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
15:23
this is what a pandemic forces us to realize.
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ๊นจ์›Œ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์ด๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
We are all in it together,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
15:28
we need a global solution to a global problem.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์„ ๋• ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
Anything less than that is unthinkable.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌด์—‡๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹จ ๋‚ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:36
CA: Larry Brilliant, thank you so very much.
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CA: ๋ž˜๋ฆฌ ๋ธŒ๋Ÿด๋ฆฌ์–ธํŠธ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
LB: Thank you, Chris.
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LB: ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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