How a male contraceptive pill could work | John Amory

85,003 views ใƒป 2018-05-22

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jun Young Park ๊ฒ€ํ† : keun_young Lee
00:12
When I tell people
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
00:14
that I'm trying to develop a contraceptive pill for men,
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์šฉ ํ”ผ์ž„์•ฝ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด
00:18
the response usually varies along gender lines.
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์„ฑ๋ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
Women say something like,
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ .
00:25
"Fantastic. It's about time. When?"
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"ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ด๋„ค์š”. ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋์ฃ . ์–ธ์ œ์ฃ ?"
00:28
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:29
Men have one of two responses.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€์—์š”.
00:31
They either love the idea,
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:34
or they look at me a little warily
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ €๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋ ˆ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉฐ
00:36
and wonder what exactly I have in store for their testicles.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณ ํ™˜์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ง“์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:42
So why does the world need a male pill?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์™œ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์šฉ ํ”ผ์ž„์•ฝ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
00:47
Well, what if I told you
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ค ๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”.
00:49
that of the six million pregnancies annually in the United States,
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๋งค๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ 6๋ฐฑ ๋งŒ ๊ฑด์˜ ์ž„์‹  ์ค‘์—
00:53
three million of them are unintended?
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3๋ฐฑ ๋งŒ ๊ฑด์ด ์˜๋„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ž„์‹ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด์š”?
00:56
That's half.
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์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ด์—์š”.
00:57
That's a really surprising number.
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์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ˆซ์ž์ฃ .
01:00
And those three million unintended pregnancies
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3๋ฐฑ ๋งŒ ๊ฑด์˜ ์˜๋„์น˜ ์•Š์€ ์ž„์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
01:02
account for the vast majority of the more than one million abortions
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1๋ฐฑ ๋งŒ ๊ฑด ์ด์ƒ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋‚™ํƒœ๊ฐ€
01:06
annually performed in the United States.
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๋งค๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
Happily, the rate of unintended pregnancy has fallen in the last few years
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๋‹คํ–‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„, ์˜๋„์น˜ ์•Š์€ ์ž„์‹ ์˜ ๋น„์ค‘์€ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์—ฌ
01:13
by about 10 percent.
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์•ฝ 10%๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
This is because more women are using effective, long-acting,
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์ด๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š”
01:18
reversible forms of contraception.
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์›์ƒํšŒ๋ณต๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ”ผ์ž„ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
But we still have a long way to go.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ฐˆ ๊ธธ์€ ๋ฉ€์ฃ .
01:25
One approach that's finally becoming a real possibility
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ํ˜„์‹คํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
01:28
is better contraceptive options for men.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ๋„ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ํ”ผ์ž„๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
Think about it.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:33
We have over a dozen methods of contraception for women:
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”ผ์ž„๋ฒ•์€ ์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
pills, patches, IUDs, shots, sponges, rings, etc.
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ํ”ผ์ž„์•ฝ, ํŒจ์น˜, ์ž๊ถ ๋‚ด ์žฅ์น˜, ์ฃผ์‚ฌ, ์ŠคํŽ€์ง€, ์งˆ ๋‚ด ์‚ฝ์ž…์šฉ ๋ง ๋“ฑ์ด์ฃ .
01:44
For men, we've had the same two options
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๋‚จ์ž์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—” 2๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋งŒ์ด
01:48
for more than a hundred years:
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100๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ์ง€์†๋˜์–ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
condoms and vasectomy.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ฝ˜๋”๊ณผ ์ •๊ด€์ˆ˜์ˆ ์ด์—์š”.
01:52
Despite having only two options,
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์ด 2๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ
01:54
both of which have significant drawbacks,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
01:57
men currently account for 30 percent of all contraceptive use,
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์ „์ฒด ํ”ผ์ž„์˜ 30%๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•˜๋ฉฐ
02:02
with 10 percent of couples relying on vasectomy
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ 10%๋Š” ์ •๊ด€์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„,
02:04
and 20 percent of couples using condoms.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  20%๋Š” ์ฝ˜๋”์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
Why are 20 percent of couples relying on condoms for contraception
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์™œ 20%์˜ ์ปคํ”Œ์€ ํ”ผ์ž„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฝ˜๋”์— ์˜์ง€ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
02:13
when condoms have a one-year failure rate of over 15 percent?
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์ฝ˜๋”์˜ ์‹คํŒจ์œจ์€ 15%์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:17
It's because many women can't either safely take
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์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜
02:21
currently available female contraceptives, for reasons such as blood clots,
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ํ”ผ์ž„๋ฒ•์€ ํ˜ˆ์ „๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋ฉฐ,
02:24
or they can't tolerate the side effects.
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๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
So if we think a male contraceptive would be useful, the next question is:
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‚จ์„ฑ ์œ„์ฃผ์˜ ํ”ผ์ž„์ด ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ฃ .
02:32
How do we go about developing one?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:35
Well, there's two general approaches.
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ 2๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
The first approach is to try and interfere
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
02:39
with the way the sperm swim towards or bind to the egg.
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์ •์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ์ž ์ฃผ์œ„๋กœ ๋ชป ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
This approach turns out to be really difficult,
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด๋ฐ,
02:47
because it's hard to get enough medication in the small volume of the ejaculate
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๊ทน์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ •์•ก์—๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์„ ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
02:51
and have it still work inside the female reproductive tract.
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์ž์„ฑ์ƒ์‹๊ด€์— ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ •์ž๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
This is why there's been a lot more work done on the second approach,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋” ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:59
which is turning off sperm production entirely.
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์ด๋Š” ์ •์ž์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
03:03
This is also challenging.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์–ด๋ ต๊ธด ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
Why? Turns out that men make a lot of sperm.
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์™œ๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”? ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์ •์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํžˆ ๋งŽ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ์—์š”.
03:09
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:10
Men make a thousand sperm every second
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์€ ๋งค์ดˆ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ •์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:15
and to have an effective contraceptive,
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ํ”ผ์ž„์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
03:17
you need to get that level of sperm production
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์ •์ž์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถฐ
03:19
down to one percent of its normal value.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ์ˆ˜์น˜์˜ 1ํผ์„ผํŠธ ์ˆ˜์ค€๊นŒ์ง€ ๋Œ์–ด๋‚ด๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
The good news is, this is possible,
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์ด๊ฑด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ผ์ด์—์š”.
03:26
almost.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
03:27
The most studied approach has been to use hormones to suppress sperm production.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •์ž์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
Testosterone and progesterone, when administered together,
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ํ…Œ์Šคํ† ์Šคํ…Œ๋ก ๊ณผ ํ”„๋กœ์ œ์Šคํ…Œ๋ก , ์ด 2๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ œ์–ด๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:37
will suppress the signals from the brain to the testes to make sperm,
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๋‡Œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ž๊ทนํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ํ™˜์ด ์ •์ž๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
and in about 90 percent of men,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•ฝ 90%์˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์€
03:43
sperm production after three to four months will stop.
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3~4๊ฐœ์›” ๊ฐ„ ์ •์ž ์ƒ์„ฑ์ด ์–ต์ œ๋˜์ฃ .
03:47
Unfortunately, 10 percent of men don't respond to these hormonal regimens
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ 10%์˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์€ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ ์š”๋ฒ•์ด ํ†ตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋ฐ
03:51
for reasons that aren't understood.
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
For the last several years, my colleagues and I
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์ง€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๊ฐ„ ์ €์™€ ์ œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€
03:57
have been taking a different approach to male contraceptive development,
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์šฉ ํ”ผ์ž„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
one that doesn't involve the administration of hormones.
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ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ ์ œ์–ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๋„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ด๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ
04:04
Specifically, we are looking to block the function of vitamin A in the testes.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ณ ํ™˜์—์„œ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ A์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜๋„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
Why? Well, for over 90 years it's been known
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์™œ๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”? ์ง€๋‚œ 90๋…„์„ ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
04:12
that you need vitamin A to make sperm.
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๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ A๊ฐ€ ์ •์ž๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์กŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
04:15
Animals who are deprived of vitamin A in their diet
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์†Œํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ A๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์€
04:19
stop making sperm
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์ •์ž ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด
04:20
and restart making sperm again when the vitamin A is reintroduced.
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๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ A๊ฐ€ ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋  ๋•Œ ์ •์ž๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
The vitamin A that we ingest
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ A๋Š”
04:28
is converted by a family of enzymes to something called retinoic acid.
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์ผ๋ จ์˜ ํšจ์†Œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ ˆํ‹ฐ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
One of these enzymes is found only in the testes.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํšจ์†Œ๋“ค์€ ์˜ค๋กœ์ง€ ๊ณ ํ™˜์—์„œ๋งŒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ ์š”.
04:37
It's this enzyme that we are attempting to block.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ํšจ์†Œ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
04:40
The blockade of this enzyme should deprive the testes of retinoic acid
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์ด ํšจ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ด‰์‡„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ณ ํ™˜์˜ ๋ ˆํ‹ฐ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:44
and stop sperm production
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์ •์ž์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋„ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:46
without affecting vitamin A's functions elsewhere in the body.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹ ์ฒด ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ A์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์œ ์ง€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
We're testing this approach in animals
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๋™๋ฌผ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๋ฉฐ
04:52
and hope to move to human testing soon.
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๊ณง ์ธ์ฒด ์‹คํ—˜๋„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
Obviously, the impact of such a male contraceptive
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์šฉ ํ”ผ์ž„์•ฝ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š”
05:00
would go well beyond reproductive biology.
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์ƒ์‹ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋„˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
It's interesting to speculate about the effect that it would have
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ
05:06
on relationships between men and women.
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๋‚จ๋…€ ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ง์ž‘ํ•ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
05:09
One intriguing possibility
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€
05:10
is that a man could monitor his contraceptive status over time.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ”ผ์ž„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:15
In the last several years,
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์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ๋…„๊ฐ„
05:17
two groups have introduced home sperm-testing devices
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2๊ฐœ์˜ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •์šฉ ์ •์•ก ์ธก์ •๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:21
that are iPhone-based
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ดํฐ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ
05:23
and that are easy to use.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์žฅ์น˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
A man could test his sperm count and share the result with his partner.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์€ ์ •์ž ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์™€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:29
If the man's sperm count were zero,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •์ž ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ œ๋กœ๋ผ๋ฉด
05:31
the man and his partner would feel very comfortable
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๊ทธ ์ปคํ”Œ์€ ํ•œ ์ชฝ ๋™๋ฐ˜์ž์˜..
05:34
relying on his contraceptive.
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ํ”ผ์ž„๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•ˆ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:37
A tool like this, coupled with a male contraceptive,
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ”ผ์ž„ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
05:40
could greatly increase the role for men in preventing unintended pregnancy.
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์˜๋„์น˜ ์•Š์€ ์ž„์‹ ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์ด ํ™•๋Œ€๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
The researchers who are working on male contraception
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ํ”ผ์ž„ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
05:49
are trying to create a better future for couples,
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์ปคํ”Œ๋“ค์˜ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
05:52
a future where contraception is no longer considered just "a woman's issue,"
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ํ”ผ์ž„์ด ๋” ์ด์ƒ "์—ฌ์ž๋งŒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ"๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
05:57
rather an issue for couples to decide together.
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์ปคํ”Œ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌ์žก๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค์ฃ .
06:01
So why does the world need a male pill?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์™œ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์šฉ ํ”ผ์ž„์•ฝ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
06:04
Well, I believe that a male pill
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์šฉ ํ”ผ์ž„์•ฝ์ด
06:06
will help reduce the stubbornly high rates of unintended pregnancy and abortion
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์˜๋„์น˜ ์•Š์€ ์ž„์‹ ๊ณผ ๋‚™ํƒœ ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ 
06:12
and allow men to equally participate
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋™๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ
06:15
in contraception.
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ํ”ผ์ž„์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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