Bruno Torturra: Got a smartphone? Start broadcasting

128,311 views ・ 2014-12-18

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: ChulGi Han κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
Has anyone among you ever been exposed to tear gas?
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μ΅œλ£¨κ°€μŠ€μ— λ…ΈμΆœλ˜μ–΄ λ³Έ 적 μžˆμœΌμ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:17
Tear gas? Anyone?
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μ΅œλ£¨κ°€μŠ€? μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:20
I'm sorry to hear that, so you might know that it's a very toxic substance,
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μ°Έ μ•ˆλμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ΅œλ£¨κ°€μŠ€κ°€ μ•„μ£Ό 독성이 κ°•ν•œ λ¬Όμ§ˆμž„μ„ μ•Œκ³  κ³„μ‹œμ§€λ§Œ
00:25
but you might not know that it's a very simple molecule
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그게 정말 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ λΆ„μžμž„μ€ λͺ¨λ₯΄μ‹€ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
with an unpronouncable name:
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λ°œμŒν•˜κΈ° νž˜λ“  이름을 가진 λΆ„μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
it's called chlorobenzalmalononitrile.
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ν΄λ‘œλ‘œλ²€μž˜λ§λ‘œλ…Έλ‹ˆνŠΈλ¦΄μ΄λΌ λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:33
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μ œκ°€ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:35
It's decades old, but it's becoming very trendy among police forces
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λͺ‡ μ‹­ 년이 μ§€λ‚¬μ§€λ§Œ 졜근 전세계 κ²½μ°°λ“€μ—κ²Œ
00:41
around the planet lately, it seems,
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μ•„μ£Ό μœ ν–‰μΈ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
and according to my experience as a non-voluntary breather of it,
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μ΅œλ£¨κ°€μŠ€λ₯Ό 본의 μ•„λ‹ˆκ²Œ ν‘μž…ν•œ 제 κ²½ν—˜μ— λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
00:48
tear gas has two main but quite opposite effects.
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μ΅œλ£¨κ°€μŠ€λŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ•„μ£Ό μƒλ°˜λœ 두 가지 νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:53
One, it can really burn your eyes,
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첫째둜, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λˆˆμ„ 정말 λ”°λ”κ±°λ¦¬κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κ³ 
00:56
and two, it can also help you to open them.
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λ‘˜μ§Έλ‘œ, λˆˆμ„ λœ¨λ„λ‘ λ•μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:00
Tear gas definitely helped to open mine to something
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μ΅œλ£¨κ°€μŠ€λŠ” ν™•μ‹€νžˆ μ œκ°€ 뭔가에 λˆˆλœ¨λ„λ‘ 도왔고
01:04
that I want to share with you this afternoon:
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그것을 였늘 μ˜€ν›„ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ κ³΅μœ ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€:
01:07
that livestreaming the power of independent broadcasts through the web
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독립적인 방솑을 웹을 톡해 μƒλ°©μ†‘ν•˜λŠ” νž˜μ€
01:13
can be a game-changer in journalism,
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μ–Έλ‘ , μ‚¬νšŒμš΄λ™, μ •μΉ˜μ  κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ
01:16
in activism, and as I see it, in the political discourse as well.
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νŒλ„λ₯Ό λ°”κΏ€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:22
That idea started to dawn on me in early 2011
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그것은 μ œκ°€ μƒνŒŒμšΈλ‘œμ—μ„œ μ‹œμœ„λ₯Ό λ³΄λ„ν•˜λ˜
01:27
when I was covering a protest in SΓ£o Paulo.
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2011λ…„ μ΄ˆμ— κΉ¨λ‹«κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:31
It was the marijuana march,
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그것은 λ§ˆλ¦¬ν™”λ‚˜ ν–‰μ§„μœΌλ‘œ
01:33
a gathering of people asking for the legalization of cannabis.
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λŒ€λ§ˆμ΄ˆμ˜ 합법화λ₯Ό μš”κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ λͺ¨μž„μ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
01:37
When that group started to move,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ΄λ™ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
01:39
the riot police came from the back with rubber bullets, bombs,
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폭동 진압 경찰이 고무 μ΄μ•Œ, 폭탄, κ°€μŠ€λ₯Ό κ°–μΆ”κ³ 
01:43
and then the gas.
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λ’€μ—μ„œ λ‹€κ°€μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:46
But to make a long story short,
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μš”μ•½ν•˜μžλ©΄
01:48
I had entered that protest as the editor-in-chief
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μ €λŠ” μ œκ°€ 11λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ λͺΈλ‹΄κ³  있던 쒅이 μ‹ λ¬Έμ‚¬μ˜
01:52
of a well-established printed magazine where I'd worked for 11 years,
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νŽΈμ§‘μž₯μœΌλ‘œμ„œ μ‹œμœ„μ— μ°Έμ—¬ν–ˆκ³ 
01:56
and thanks to this unsolicited effects of tear gas,
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μ΅œλ£¨κ°€μŠ€μ˜ μ›ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 효과 덕에
02:01
I left it as a journalist that was now committed to new ways
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μ €λŠ” κ°€κ³΅λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 정보λ₯Ό μžˆλŠ” κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ 곡유 ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
02:06
of sharing the raw experience of what it's like to be there, actually.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 방법을 μ‹œλ„ν•œ 기자둜 λ‚¨κΈ°λ‘œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:12
So in the following week, I was back in the streets,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” κ·Έ 주에 κ·Έ 거리에 λ‹€μ‹œ λ‚˜μ™”κ³ 
02:16
but that time, I wasn't a member of any media outlet anymore.
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λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— μ €λŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 언둠사에도 μ†ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
I was there as an independent livestreamer, and all I had with me
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μ €λŠ” λ…μžμ μΈ μƒμ€‘κ³„μžλΌκ³  ν•˜μ—¬ μ œκ°€ 가지고 μžˆλŠ” 것은
02:25
was basically borrowed equipment.
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λŒ€μ—¬ν•œ μž₯λΉ„κ°€ κ³ μž‘μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
I had a very simple camera and a backpack with 3G modems.
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μ €λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 카메라와 3G λͺ¨λŽ€μ΄ λ“€μ–΄μžˆλŠ” 가방을 가지고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:33
And I had this weblink that could be shared through social media,
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그리고 웹링크, μ†Œμ…œ λ―Έλ””μ–΄λ‘œ κ³΅μœ λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•  것이
02:38
could be put in any website,
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μ–΄λŠ μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈμ΄κ±΄ 간에 μ—…λ‘œλ“œ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 웹링크가 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
and that time, the protest went along fine.
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κ·Έ μ‹œμ μ—μ„œ μ‹œμœ„λŠ” μž¦μ•„λ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:44
There was no violence.
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κ·Έκ³³μ—λŠ” 폭λ ₯이 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•‘μ…˜μž₯면을 λ°©λΆˆμΌ€ν•˜λŠ” μž₯면이 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
There was no action scenes.
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02:48
But there was something really exciting,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν•œκ°€μ§€ 맀우 ν₯미둜운 점은
02:51
because I could see at a distance the TV channels covering it,
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κ·Έκ°€ 이 일을 닀루고 μžˆλŠ” TVμ±„λ„μ˜ 거리에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ“€μ—¬λ‹€λ³΄μ•˜κΈ°μ—
02:56
and they had these big vans and the teams and the cameras,
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그듀은 큰 λ°΄κ³Ό νŒ€κ³Ό 카메라λ₯Ό λ“€κ³  λ‹€λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€,
03:00
and I was basically doing the same thing
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” 근본적으둜 같은 일을 ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
03:02
and all I had was a backpack.
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μ œκ°€ 가진 λͺ¨λ“  짐은 가방이 μ „λΆ€μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:05
And that was really exciting to a journalist,
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그리고 그것은 κΈ°μžμ—κ²Œ κ°€μž₯ μ‹ λ‚˜λŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
but the most interesting part was when I got back home, actually,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ°€μž₯ ν₯미둜운 것은 μ œκ°€ 집에 λŒμ•„μ™”μ„ λ•Œ
03:13
because I learned that I had been watched
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μ œκ°€ 9만λͺ…이 λ„˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
03:15
by more than 90,000 people,
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μ§€μΌœλ΄€λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:18
and I got hundreds of emails and messages of people asking me, basically,
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수백건의 이메일과 메세지λ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜λŠ”λ°
03:23
how did I do it,
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μ œκ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ 그런 일이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ°€λŠ₯ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ λ¬Όμ–΄λ³΄λŠ” λ‚΄μš©μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
how it was possible to do such a thing.
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03:28
And I learned something else, that that was actually the first time
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μ €λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ 것도 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”λ°
03:31
that somebody had ever done a livestreaming in a street protest
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λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ 거리 μ‹œμœ„λ₯Ό μƒμ€‘κ³„ν•œ 졜초의 μ‚¬λ‘€μ˜€λ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
in the country.
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03:39
And that really shocked me,
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μ €λŠ” 그것에 좩격을 λ°›μ•˜λŠ”λ°
03:41
because I was no geek, I was no technology guy,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ €λŠ” κ΄΄μ§œλ„ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆκ³  곡학에 일가견이 μžˆμ§€λ„ μ•Šμ•˜μœΌλ©°
03:45
and all the equipment needed was already there,
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ν•„μš”ν•œ μž₯비듀이 이미 있고 μ‰½κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
03:48
was easily available.
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03:50
And I realized that we had a frontier here,
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μ €λŠ” μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ•žμ„œ λ‚˜κ°”λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ 됐고
03:53
a very important one,
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관점을 μ „ν™˜ν•˜λŠ” λ¬Έμ œμ˜€λ˜ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
that it was just a matter of changing the perspective,
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03:58
and the web could be actually used,
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웹이 μ»€λ‹€λž—κ³  ν†΅μ œκ°€ λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν˜Όλž€μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄
04:00
already used, as a colossal and uncontrollable
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TVμ±„λ„λ‘œ 이용될 수 있고,
04:03
and highly anarchical TV channel, TV network,
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이미 이용되고 있으며,
04:07
and anyone with very basic skills and very basic equipment,
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λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜ κ°€μž₯ 기본적인 기술과 μž₯λΉ„λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄,
04:12
even someone like me who had this little stuttering issue,
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저같이 말을 λ”λ“¬λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ„ ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
04:18
so if it happens, bear with me please,
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μ œκ°€ 말을 더듬을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆ μ–‘ν•΄ν•΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
04:22
even someone like me could become a broadcaster.
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저같은 μ‚¬λžŒλ„ 방솑을 ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:27
And that sounded revolutionary in my mind.
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그리고 그것은 제 마음 μ†μ—μ„œ 혁λͺ…μ²˜λŸΌ λŠκ»΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:29
So for the next couple of years,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έν›„ 2λ…„κ°„,
04:31
I started to experiment with livestreaming in different ways,
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μ €λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 생방솑을 λ‹€κ°λ„λ‘œ μ‹€ν—˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:35
not only in the streets but mostly in studios and in homes,
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λ―Έλ””μ–΄ λ‹ŒμžλΌλŠ” 그룹의 κ³΅λ™μ°½μ—…μžκ°€ 된
04:38
until the beginning of 2013, last year,
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2013λ…„μ΄ˆκΉŒμ§€ κ±°λ¦¬μ—μ„œ 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
04:42
when I became the cofounder of a group called MΓ­dia NINJA.
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μŠ€νŠœλ””μ˜€μ™€ μ§‘μ—μ„œλ„ μ‹€ν—˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:46
NINJA is an acronym
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λ‹Œμž(NINJA)λŠ” 독립적인(I) 이야기(N), μ–Έλ‘ (J), 그리고 행동(A) 의 μ•½μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:47
that stands for Narrativas Independentes Jornalismo e Ação,
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04:51
or in English, independent narratives, journalism, and action.
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04:55
It was a media group that had little media plan.
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이 그룹은 μ•„λ¬΄λŸ° λ―Έλ””μ–΄ κ³„νšμ΄ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
We didn't have any financial structure.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 재무적 ꡬ쑰도 λ§Œλ“€μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:01
We were not planning to make money out of this,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이것을 ν†΅ν•΄μ„œ 이읡을 얻을 κ³„νšμ΄ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:04
which was wise, because you shouldn't try to make money out of journalism now.
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ν˜„λͺ…ν•œ μ„ νƒμ΄μ—ˆμ£ . μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ§€κΈˆ μ–Έλ‘ μœΌλ‘œ λˆμ„ 벌렀고 ν•˜λ©΄ μ•ˆλ˜λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
05:10
But we had a very solid and clear conviction,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 맀우 λΆ„λͺ…ν•œ 확신이 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
that we knew that the hyperconnected environment of social media
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ§Œλ“€ 촘촘히 μ—°κ²°λœ μ†Œμ…œλ―Έλ””μ–΄ ν™˜κ²½μ΄
05:18
could maybe allow us to consolidate
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μ „μ„Έκ³„μ˜ μ–Έλ‘ μΈλ“€μ˜ λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬λ₯Ό 톡합할 수 μžˆμ„ 것이라고 말이죠.
05:20
a network of experimental journalists throughout the country.
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05:26
So we launched a Facebook page first, and then a manifesto,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ¨Όμ € 페이슀뢁 νŽ˜μ΄μ§€λ₯Ό κ°œμ„€ν–ˆκ³  μ„±λͺ…을 λ°œν‘œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:31
and started to cover the streets in a very simple way.
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그리고 μ•„μ£Ό κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ 거리λ₯Ό λ³΄λ„ν–ˆμ£ .
05:34
But then something happened, something that wasn't predicted,
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그리고 λ‚˜μ„œ κ°‘μžκΈ° λˆ„κ΅¬λ„
05:39
that no one could have anticipated.
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μ˜ˆμƒν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œ 일이 λ²Œμ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:41
Street protests started to erupt in SΓ£o Paulo.
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μƒνŒŒμšΈλ‘œμ˜ μ‹œμœ„μžλ“€μ΄ 거리λ₯Ό μ λ Ήν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:44
They began as very local and specific.
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그듀은 μ•„μ£Ό μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨λ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°,
05:46
They were against the bus fare hike that had just happened in the city.
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λ„μ‹œμ˜ λ²„μŠ€ μš”κΈˆ 인상에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ λ°˜λŒ€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:52
This is a bus.
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이것이 κ·Έ λ²„μŠ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:54
It's written there, "Theft."
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"λ„λ‘‘μ§ˆ"이라고 μ ν˜€μžˆλ„€μš”.
05:57
But those kind of manifestations started to grow,
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ ν˜„μƒλ“€μ€ 점차 컀쑌고
06:02
and they kept happening.
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계속 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:03
So the police violence against them started to grow as well.
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그에 λ”°λΌμ„œ 경찰의 폭λ ₯진압도 같이 컀쑌죠.
06:08
But there was another conflict,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ 곳에선 λ‹€λ₯Έ 좩돌이 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
the one I believe that's more important here
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μ œκ°€ μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” 것은
06:13
to make my point that it was a narrative conflict.
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그것이 이야기가 μžˆλŠ” μ‹œμœ„μ˜€λ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:16
There was this mainstream media version of the facts
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κ΅­μ˜λ°©μ†‘μ˜ λ³΄λ„λŠ”
06:20
that anyone who was on the streets could easily challenge
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κ·Έ μ‹œμœ„μ— 있던 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
06:24
if they presented their own vision of what was actually happening there.
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슀슀둜의 μ£Όμž₯을 νŽΌμ³€λ‹€κ³  μ „ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
06:30
And it was this clash of visions, this clash of narratives,
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κ·Έ κ³³μ—λŠ” κ°€μΉ˜κ΄€μ˜ 격돌이 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ , μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ 좩돌이 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:33
that I think turned those protests
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그것이 이 μ‹œμœ„λ₯Ό
06:36
into a long period in the country of political reckoning
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μ‚¬νšŒμ μΈ κΈ΄ κΈ°κ°„μ˜ μ‹œμœ„λ‘œ λ°”κΏ¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:40
where hundreds of thousands of people,
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μˆ˜μ‹­λ§Œμ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€,
06:44
probably more than a million people
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 백만이 λ„˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 거리λ₯Ό μ λ Ήν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:46
took to the streets in the whole country.
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06:49
But it wasn't about the bus fare hike anymore.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ μ‹œμœ„λŠ” 더이상 λ²„μŠ€μš”κΈˆμ— κ΄€ν•œ λ‚΄μš©μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:52
It was about everything.
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그것은 λͺ¨λ“ κ²ƒμ— λŒ€ν•œ μ‹œμœ„μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:55
The people's demands, their expectations,
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λŒ€μ€‘λ“€μ˜ μš”κ΅¬, κΈ°λŒ€
06:58
the reasons why they were on the streets
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λ“€μ΄ μ‹œμœ„μ˜ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:00
could be as diverse as they could be contradictory in many cases.
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맀우 λ‹€μ–‘ν–ˆκ³  λ§Žμ€ κ³³μ—μ„œ λͺ¨μˆœλ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:05
If you could read it, you would understand me.
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당신이 λ§Œμ•½ μ½μ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄, μ €λ₯Ό 이해할 수 μžˆμ—ˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:09
But it was in this environment of political catharsis
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그것은 κ·Έ λ‚˜λΌκ°€ ν†΅κ³Όν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ˜
07:13
that the country was going through
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μ •μΉ˜μ μΈ 카타λ₯΄μ‹œμŠ€μ˜ ν™˜κ²½μ•ˆμ— μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:16
that it had to do with politics, indeed,
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μ •μΉ˜μ™€ 무쑰건 ν•¨κ»˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμ£ .
07:19
but it had to do also with a new way of organizing,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그것은 λ˜ν•œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν˜•νƒœμ˜ μ‘°μ§ν˜•μ„± 방법과도 ν•¨κ»˜ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:24
through a new way of communicating.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν˜•νƒœμ˜ μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅ 방식을 ν†΅ν•΄μ„œμš”
07:26
It was in that environment that MΓ­dia NINJA emerged
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그것은 λ‹Œμž(NINJA)κ°€ λ°œμƒν•œ ν™˜κ²½κ³Όλ„ κ°™μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:29
from almost anonymity to become a national phenomenon,
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ 읡λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 범ꡭ가적인 ν˜„μƒμ„ λ§Œλ“€μ£ .
07:34
because we did have the right equipment.
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ μ ˆν•œ μž₯λΉ„κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
07:37
We are not using big cameras.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 큰 카메라λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:39
We are using basically this.
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기본적으둜 이것을 μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμ£ .
07:42
We are using smartphones.
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μŠ€λ§ˆνŠΈν°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:44
And that, actually, allowed us to become invisible in the middle of the protests,
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μ‹œμœ„μ˜ ν•œκ°€μš΄λ°μ„œ 우리λ₯Ό λ³΄ν˜Έν–ˆκ³ 
07:49
but it allowed us to do something else:
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 행동을 ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:51
to show what it was like to be in the protests,
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μ‹œμœ„ κ·Έ 자체λ₯Ό λ‹΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:55
to present to people at home a subjective perspective.
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주관적인 관점을 가지고 μžˆλŠ” 집에 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 보여쀬죠.
08:01
But there was something that is more important,
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더 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 점이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:03
I think, than the equipment.
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μž₯비보닀 더 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 점은 우리의 λ§ˆμŒκ°€μ§μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:04
It was our mindset,
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08:07
because we are not behaving as a media outlet.
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ―Έλ””μ–΄μ˜ 사고방식을 버렸기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
08:10
We are not competing for news.
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λ‰΄μŠ€μ— λͺ©λ§€λ‹¬μ§€ μ•Šκ³ 
08:12
We are trying to encourage people,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 용기λ₯Ό μ£Όλ €κ³  λ…Έλ ₯ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:15
to invite people, and to actually teach people
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ΄ˆλŒ€ν•˜κ³ , μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λͺ‡κ°€μ§€λ₯Ό μ•Œλ €μ€¬μ£ .
08:17
how to do this, how they also could become broadcasters.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 방법, μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 방솑ꡭ이 될 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Όμš”.
08:22
And that was crucial to turn MΓ­dia NINJA from a small group of people,
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이것이 λͺ‡μ£Ό λ™μ•ˆμ— μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨ κ·Έλ£Ήμ΄μ—ˆλ˜ λ‹Œμž(NINJA) κ°€ λ³€ν•œ 큰 μ΄μœ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:28
and in a matter of weeks,
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08:29
we multiplied and we grew exponentially throughout the country.
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규λͺ¨κ°€ 컀쑌고 λ‚˜λΌ μ „μ²΄λ‘œ λ²ˆμ Έκ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:34
So in a matter of a week or two, as the protests kept happening,
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μ‹œμœ„κ°€ κ³„μ†λ¬λ˜ 1~2μ£Ό λ™μ•ˆμ—,
08:39
we were hundreds of young people
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ‡λ°±λͺ…μ˜ μ Šμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄μ—ˆκ³ 
08:41
connected in this network throughout the country.
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λ‚˜λΌ 전체에 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬κ°€ ν˜•μ„±λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:44
We were covering more than 50 cities at the same time.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ™μ‹œμ— 50개의 λ„μ‹œμ—μ„œ ν™œλ™ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:47
That's something that no TV channel could ever do.
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그것은 μ–΄λ– ν•œ TV채널도 ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆλ˜ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:50
That was responsible for turning us suddenly, actually,
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κ·Έλ•Œκ°€ μ €ν¬μ—κ²ŒλŠ” μ†Œμ…œλ―Έλ””μ–΄μ˜ μ£Όλ₯˜κ°€ 되기둜
08:54
into kind of the mainstream media of social media.
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κ²°μ‹¬ν•œ μ „ν™˜μ μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:59
So we had a couple of thousands of followers on our Facebook page,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ‡μ²œκ°œμ˜ 페이슀뢁 νŽ˜μ΄μ§€ μ’‹μ•„μš”κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
09:03
and soon we had a quarter of a million followers.
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μ•½ 25만개의 μ’‹μ•„μš”κ°€ 더 μƒκ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:06
Our posts and our videos
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우리의 κ²Œμ‹œλ¬Όκ³Ό λΉ„λ””μ˜€λŠ”
09:08
were being seen by more than 11 million timelines a week.
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ν•œμ£Όμ— 천만번 μ΄μƒμ˜ 쑰회수λ₯Ό κΈ°λ‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:12
It was way more than any newspaper or any magazine could ever do.
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그것은 μ–΄λ– ν•œ μ‹ λ¬Έμ΄λ‚˜ μž‘μ§€λ„ ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆλ˜ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:17
And that turned MΓ­dia NINJA into something else,
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κ·Έ μ‹œκΈ°μ— λ―Έλ””μ–΄ λ‹Œμž(NINJA)λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ λ³€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:21
more than a media outlet, than a media project.
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λ―Έλ””μ–΄ μ•„μšΈλ ›μ—μ„œ λ―Έλ””μ–΄ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈκ°€ 됐죠.
09:24
It became almost like a public service
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우리의 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λŠ”
09:27
to the citizen, to the protester,
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μ‹œλ―Ό, μ‹œμœ„μž 그리고 ν–‰λ™ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œ
09:29
to the activist,
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κ³΅κ³΅μ„œλΉ„μŠ€ν™” λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:31
because they had a very simple and efficient and peaceful tool
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 그듀은 λ―Έλ””μ–΄κΆŒλ ₯에 λŒ€ν•­ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ
09:35
to confront both police and media authority.
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효과적이고 평화적인 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λ₯Ό 가지지 λͺ»ν–ˆμ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ 
09:41
Many of our images started to be used in regular TV channels.
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우리의 이미지듀이 κΈ°μ‘΄ TV에 μ‚¬μš©λ˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆκ³ ,
09:45
Our livestreams started to be broadcast even in regular televisions
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우리의 생방솑이 μΈμš©λ˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:50
when things got really rough.
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상황을 νŒŒμ•…ν•˜κΈ° μ–΄λ €μšΈλ•Œ 말이죠.
09:52
Some our images were responsible to take some people out of jail,
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λͺ‡λͺ‡μ˜ μžλ£Œλ“€μ€ λΆ€λ‹Ήν•˜κ²Œ κ΅¬μ†λ‹Ήν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ„λ°©μ‹œν‚€λŠ”λ° μ‚¬μš©λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:57
people who were being arrested unfairly
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10:00
under false accusations, and we could prove them innocent.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그듀이 λ¬΄μ£„μž„μ„ 증λͺ…ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
10:04
And that also turned MΓ­dia NINJA very soon
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그것이 우리λ₯Ό 경찰의 적으둜 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:07
to be seen as almost an enemy of cops, unfortunately,
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λΆˆν–‰ν•˜κ²Œλ„, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 얡압됐고
10:11
and we started to be severely beaten, and eventually arrested on the streets.
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심지어 κ±°λ¦¬μ—μ„œ μ²΄ν¬λ˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:16
It happened in many cases.
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λ§Žμ€ κ³³μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:18
But that was also useful, because we were still at the web,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그것 λ˜ν•œ μœ μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—¬μ „νžˆ 웹상에 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
10:22
so that helped to trigger an important debate in the country
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μ€‘μš”ν•œ ν† λ‘ μ˜ μ‹œλ°œμ μ΄ 됐기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
10:28
on the role of the media itself
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λ―Έλ””μ–΄μ˜ μ—­ν• κ³Ό
10:30
and the state of the freedom of the press in the country.
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언둠에 μžμœ μ— κ΄€ν•œ 주제둜 말이죠.
10:34
So MΓ­dia NINJA now evolved
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λ―Έλ””μ–΄ NINJAλŠ” 이제
10:36
and finally consolidated itself in what we hoped it would become:
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ°”λž¬λ˜ 것 처럼 μžλ¦½ν•  수 있게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:42
a national network of hundreds of young people,
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수백λͺ…μ˜ μ Šμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 전ꡭ적 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬μ΄μž
10:45
self-organizing themselves locally
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μ§€μ—­λ³„λ‘œ 슀슀둜 μ‘°μ§λ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
10:49
to cover social, human rights issues,
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μ‚¬νšŒ, 인ꢌ λ¬Έμ œμ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ 닀루고
10:53
and expressing themselves not only politically
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μ •μΉ˜μ μΌλΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ €λ„λ¦¬μŠ€νŠΈλ‘œμ„œ ν‘œν˜„ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:55
but journalistically.
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11:00
What I started to do in the beginning of this year,
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μ˜¬ν•΄ μ΄ˆμ— μ œκ°€ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆλ˜
11:05
as MΓ­dia NINJA is already a self-organizing network,
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λ‹Œμž(NINJA)λŠ” 이미 μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ μžλ¦¬μž‘μ•˜κ³ 
11:09
I'm dedicating myself to another project.
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μ €λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ— μ°©μˆ˜ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:12
It's called Fluxo, which is Portuguese for "stream."
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그것은 ν”Œλ£¨μ†Œ(Fluxo)이며, 포루투갈말둜 "슀트리밍"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:15
It's a journalism studio in SΓ£o Paulo downtown,
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그것은 μƒνŒŒμšΈλ‘œ λ„μ‹¬μ˜ μ €λ„λ¦¬μ¦˜ μŠ€νˆ¬λ””μ˜€ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:18
where I used livestream to experiment
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κ·Έ 곳은 μ œκ°€ TVλ‹€μŒ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μ—¬κ²Όλ˜ 생방솑을
11:21
with what I call post-television formats.
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μ‹€ν—˜ν–ˆλ˜ μž₯μ†Œμ΄μ£ .
11:25
But I'm also trying to come up with ways to finance independent journalism
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μ €λŠ” ν™œλ™μ μΈ λ…μžλ“€κ³Όμ˜
11:30
through a direct relationship with an audience,
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직접적인 관계λ₯Ό 톡해
11:33
with an active audience,
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독립 μ–Έλ‘ μ˜ μž¬μ •μ„ μΆ©λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ 방법듀을 μ‹œλ„ 쀑 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:35
because now I really want to try to make a living
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ €λŠ” μ˜ˆμ „μ˜ μ΅œλ£¨κ°€μŠ€ μ‹œμ ˆμ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜ 생계λ₯Ό μœ μ§€ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άκ±°λ“ μš”.
11:38
out of my tear gas resolution back then.
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11:42
But there's something more significant here,
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더 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 점이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:44
something that I believe is more important and more crucial than my personal example.
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제 개인적인 μ˜ˆμ‹œλ³΄λ‹€ 말이죠.
11:49
I said that livestream could turn the web into a colossal TV network,
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μ €λŠ” κ°œμΈμƒλ°©μ†‘μ΄ 웹을 λ†€λž„ λ§Œν•œ TV λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬λ‘œ λ°”κΏ€μˆ˜ μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:54
but I believe it does something else,
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 점이 μžˆλŠ”λ°,
11:56
because after watching people using it,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 그것을 보고 λ‚œ ν›„
11:59
not only to cover things but to express, to organize themselves politically,
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그것듀을 닀루고 ν‘œν˜„ν•  뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ •μΉ˜μ μœΌλ‘œ 쑰직을 μ‹œμž‘ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 점이죠.
12:05
I believe livestream can turn cyberspace into a global political arena
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μ‹€μ‹œκ°„λ°©μ†‘μ€ 사이버곡간을
κΈ€λ‘œλ²Œ μ •μΉ˜μ˜ μž₯으둜 λ³€ν™”ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:12
where everyone might have a voice,
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λͺ¨λ“ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ μ ˆν•œ μ˜κ²¬μ„ ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠ” 것이죠.
12:14
a proper voice,
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12:16
because livestream takes the monopoly of the broadcast political discourse,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ‹€μ‹œκ°„λ°©μ†‘μ€ κ·Έλ™μ•ˆ μ£Όλ₯˜λ―Έλ””μ–΄κ°€ 보인
12:21
of the verbal aspect of the political dialogue
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μ •μΉ˜κ°€λ‚˜ κΆŒμœ„μžλ“€μ˜ μ˜κ²¬λ§Œμ„ 내보인 ν–‰νƒœμ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚  수 있고
12:24
out of the mouths of just politicians and political pundits alone,
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12:30
and it empowers the citizen through this direct and non-mediated power
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λ―Έλ””μ–΄κΆŒλ ₯을 μ‹œλ―Όμ—κ²Œ λ„˜κ²¨μ€„ 수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:35
of exchanging experiences and dialogue,
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12:38
empowers them to question and to influence authorities
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μ‹œλ―Όμ—κ²Œ λ―Έλ””μ–΄κΆŒλ ₯을 μ£Όκ³  κΆŒμœ„μ— μ˜λ¬Έμ„ κ°–κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 것이
12:42
in ways in which we are about to see.
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λ°”λ‘œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 보렀고 ν•˜λŠ” 것 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:46
And I believe it does something else that might be even more important,
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더 μ€‘μš”ν•œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 점이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:50
that the simplicity of the technology can merge objectivity and subjectivity
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기술의 λ‹¨μˆœν™”λŠ” 객관성과 주관성을 ν•©μΉœλ‹€λŠ” 점이죠.
12:57
in a very political way, as I see it,
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μ œκ°€ λ³Έ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ μ •μΉ˜μ μΈ λ°©λ©΄μ—μ„œμš”.
13:00
because it really helps the audience,
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그것은 λͺ¨λ“  μ „μ„Έκ³„μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œ
13:05
the citizen, to see the world through somebody else's eye,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ μ‹œκ°μ—μ„œ 사건을 λ³΄κ²Œν•˜κ³ 
13:09
so it helps the citizen to put him- or herself
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ νƒ€μΈμ˜ μž₯μ†Œμ—
13:13
in other people's place.
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마치 μžˆλŠ” 것 같은 κ²½ν—˜μ„ μ£ΌκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
13:15
And that idea, I think, should be the intention,
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그리고 κ·Έ μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄λŠ” 쒋은 μ €λ„λ¦¬μ¦˜
13:19
should be the goal of any good journalism, any good activism,
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쒋은 행동, 무엇보닀도 쒋은 μ •μΉ˜μ  μ˜λ„μ™€
13:23
but most of all, any good politics.
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ν•¨κ»˜ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:26
Thank you very much. It was an honor.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ΄‘μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
(λ°•μˆ˜)
13:29
(Applause)
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이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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