Mae Jemison on teaching arts and sciences together

Prevoditelj: Martina Mijuskovic Recezent: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG

What I want to do today is spend some time talking about some stuff

Danas želim govoriti

o nekim stvarima

that's giving me a little bit of existential angst,

od kojih pomalo osjećam

egzistencijalnu tjeskobu, kada ne mogu naći bolju riječ,

for lack of a better word,

over the past couple of years.

tijekom poslijednjih nekoliko godina,

And basically, these three quotes tell what's going on.

i ova tri citata

govore o čemu se radi.

"When God made the color purple, God was just showing off,"

"Kad je Bog stvorio grimiznu boju,

Bog se samo pravio važan." Alice Walker

Alice Walker wrote in "The Color Purple."

je to napisala u "Boji purpura", a

And Zora Neale Hurston wrote in "Dust Tracks On A Road,"

Zora Neale Hurston je napisala u

"Tragovima prašine na cesti":

"Research is a formalized curiosity.

"Istraživanje je formalizirana znatiželja.

To je opipavanje i zabadanje nosa sa svrhom."

It's poking and prying with a purpose."

I na kraju,

And then finally, when I think about the near future,

kad pomislim o skoroj budućnosti,

we have this attitude, "Well, whatever happens, happens."

znate, mi imamo stav,

što će biti, bit će. Zar ne?

Right?

To je u skladu s izrekom Češirske mačke,

So that goes along with the Cheshire Cat saying,

"Ako ti nije stalo

"If you don't care much where you want to get to,

kuda ćeš stići,

it doesn't much matter which way you go."

nije ni važno kojim putem ideš."

But I think it does matter which way we go and what road we take,

No, ja mislim da je važno

kojim putem idemo, koju cestu biramo

because when I think about design in the near future,

jer kad razmišljam o dizajnu

u bliskoj budućnosti, što mislim

what I think are the most important issues,

da su važna pitanja, ono što je

what's really crucial and vital,

doista bitno je da moramo

is that we need to revitalize the arts and sciences right now,

oživjeti umjetnosti i znanosti

upravo sada u 2002.

in 2002.

(Pljesak)

(Applause)

Ako opisujemo blisku budućnost

If we describe the near future as 10, 20, 15 years from now,

kao 10, 20, 15 godina od sada,

to znači da je ono što činimo danas

that means that what we do today is going to be critically important,

kritično

because in the year 2015, in the year 2020, 2025,

jer u godini 2015.,

i 2020., 2025., svijet

the world our society is going to be building on,

u kojem će se graditi naše društvo,

osnovna znanja i apstraktne ideje,

the basic knowledge and abstract ideas,

otkrića do kojih dolazimo danas,

the discoveries that we came up with today,

poput ovih divnih stvari o kojima

just as all these wonderful things we're hearing about

slušamo ovdje na TED konferenciji

here at the TED conference

što uzimamo zdravo za gotovo sada,

that we take for granted in the world right now,

to su bila znanja

were really knowledge and ideas that came up

i ideje koje su se javile

u 50-tima, 60-tima i 70-tima.

in the 50s, the 60s and the 70s.

To je ono što mi koristimo danas,

That's the substrate that we're exploiting today.

Whether it's the internet,

bilo da je to Internet,

genetic engineering, laser scanners,

genetičko inženjerstvo, laser skeneri,

guided missiles, fiber optics, high-definition television,

rakete s navođenjem, optička vlakna, televizija

visoke rezolucije, senzori, prikupljanje podataka

remote sensing from space and the wonderful remote-sensing photos

iz svemira i divne fotografije

koje gledamo u

that we see in 3D weaving, TV programs like Tracker and Enterprise,

3D prikazu, TV programima poput Trackera,

i Enterprisea, CDi za "prženje",

CD-rewrite drives, flat-screen, Alvin Ailey's "Suite Otis,"

ravni ekrani, balet Suite Otis Alvin Ailey-a,

ili pjesma Sarah Jones "Tvoja revolucija neće biti

or Sarah Jones's "Your Revolution Will Not [Happen] Between These Thighs,"

između ovih bedara", koja je,

which, by the way, was banned by the FCC,

inače, zabranjena od strane FCC-a (Federalni odbor za komunikaciju),

or ska --

ili ska, sve te stvari,

all of these things, without question, almost without exception,

neupitno, gotovo bez iznimke,

zapravo su osnovane na idejama

are really based on ideas and abstract and creativity

apstrakciji i kreativnosti

iz prijašnjih godina,

from years before.

So we have to ask ourselves:

tako da se moramo pitati,

What are we contributing to that legacy right now?

kako mi sada doprinosimo tom nasljeđu?

I kad razmišljam o tome,

And when I think about it,

zaista sam zabrinuta. Da budem iskrena,

I'm really worried.

To be quite frank, I'm concerned.

brine me. Skeptična sam

I'm skeptical that we're doing very much of anything.

da bilo što zapravo radimo.

We're, in a sense,

Na neki način, mi ne uspijevamo utjecati

failing to act in the future.

na budućnost. Mi smo namjerno,

We're purposefully, consciously being laggards.

svjesno, obični mlitavci.

Zaostajemo.

We're lagging behind.

Frantz Fanon, psihijatar

Frantz Fanon, who was a psychiatrist from Martinique, said,

s Martiniquea, rekao je: "Svaka generacija mora,

"Each generation must, out of relative obscurity,

iz relativne nebitnosti,

otkriti svoju misiju, te je ispuniti ili je izdati."

discover its mission

and fulfill or betray it."

Što je naša misija? Što mi

What is our mission? What do we have to do?

moramo učiniti? Ja mislim kako je naša misija

I think our mission is to reconcile, to reintegrate

pomiriti, ponovno povezati

znanost i umjetnosti, jer upravo sada

science and the arts,

because right now, there's a schism that exists in popular culture.

postoji raskol

u popularnoj kulturi. Znate,

People have this idea that science and the arts are really separate;

ljudi misle kako su znanost

i umjetnosti dvije odvojene stvari.

we think of them as separate and different things.

Razmišljamo o njima kao odvojenim

And this idea was probably introduced centuries ago,

i različitim stvarima, a ta ideja

je vjerojatno uvedena prije nekoliko stoljeća,

but it's really becoming critical now,

no sad postaje kritično,

jer svakodnevno donosimo odluke

because we're making decisions about our society every day

o našem društvu,

that, if we keep thinking that the arts are separate from the sciences,

jer ako nastavimo razmišljati kako su umjetnosti

odvojene od znanosti,

i da je simpatično reći,

and we keep thinking it's cute to say,

"Ja uopće ne razumijem ovu stranu,

"I don't understand anything about this one,

ništa ne razumijem o ovoj drugoj strani",

I don't understand anything about the other one,"

onda ćemo imati problema.

then we're going to have problems.

Znam da nitko ovdje na TED-u

Now, I know no one here at TED thinks this.

tako ne razmišlja. Svi mi već znamo

All of us, we already know that they're very connected.

da su one povezane, no reći ću vam

But I'm going to let you know that some folks in the outside world,

kako neki ljudi

u vanjskom svijetu, vjerovali ili ne,

believe it or not, think it's neat when they say,

oni misle da je zgodno kad kažu

"Scientists and science is not creative.

"Znate, znanstvenici i znanost

nisu kreativni. Možda su znanstvenici genijalni,

Maybe scientists are ingenious, but they're not creative."

ali nisu kreativni.

And then we have this tendency,

I onda imamo tendenciju,

the career counselors and various people say things

da savjetnici za karijeru i razni ljudi kažu stvari poput

like, "Artists are not analytical.

"Umjetnici nisu analitičari.

Možda su genijalni,

They're ingenious, perhaps,

ali nemaju analitičke vještine."

but not analytical."

And when these concepts underlie our teaching

I kad te ideje stoje u pozadini našeg školstva,

and what we think about the world,

i načina na koji razmišljamo o svijetu,

then we have a problem,

onda imamo problem, jer

because we stymie support for everything.

onda sve unazađujemo.

By accepting this dichotomy,

Ako prihvatimo tu dvojnost,

whether it's tongue-in-cheek,

iskreno ili ne,

when we attempt to accommodate it in our world,

mi je pokušavamo smjestiti u naš svijet,

and we try to build our foundation for the world,

i nastojimo izgraditi temelje

we're messing up the future,

za svijet, mi upropaštavamo budućnost,

because: Who wants to be uncreative?

jer, tko želi biti nekreativan?

Tko želi biti nelogičan?

Who wants to be illogical?

Postoje talenti koji će pobjeći iz bilo kojeg od ova dva područja

Talent would run from either of these fields

ako su prisiljeni izabrati samo jedno.

if you said you had to choose either.

Then they'll go to something where they think,

Privući će ih nešto

gdje mogu reći, "Mogu biti i kreativan

"Well, I can be creative and logical at the same time."

i logičan u isto vrijeme."

Now, I grew up in the '60s and I'll admit it --

Ja sam odrasla u 60-tima i priznajem,

actually, my childhood spanned the '60s,

zapravo, moje djetinjstvo je bilo u 60-tima,

and I was a wannabe hippie,

htjela sam biti hipi i

and I always resented the fact that I wasn't old enough to be a hippie.

uvijek sam bila nesretna što nisam zapravo

bila dovoljno stara da budem hipi.

And I know there are people here, the younger generation,

I znam da ovdje ima ljudi,

mlađe generacije koji žele biti hipiji,

who want to be hippies.

ali ljudi pričaju o 60-tima

People talk about the '60s all the time.

i o anarhiji koja je vladala,

And they talk about the anarchy that was there.

ali kad ja razmišljam o 60-ima,

But when I think about the '60s,

ono čega se sjećam je

what I took away from it was that there was hope for the future.

nada u budućnost.

We thought everyone could participate.

Mislili smo kako svi mogu sudjelovati u tome.

There were wonderful, incredible ideas that were always percolating,

Bilo je divnih, nevjerojatnih ideja

koje su kružile,

i toliko toga što je danas cool ili zanimljivo,

and so much of what's cool or hot today

zapravo se zasniva na tim konceptima,

is really based on some of those concepts,

bilo da se radi o ljudima

whether it's people trying to use the Prime Directive from Star Trek,

koji primaju naredbe na Star Treku

being involved in things,

ili opet to

or, again, that three-dimensional weaving and fax machines

trodimenzionalno tkanje i

faksovi o kojima sam čitala

that I read about in my weekly readers

kako vrijeme tehnologije

that the technology and engineering was just getting started.

i inženjerstva tek počinje.

But the '60s left me with a problem.

No 60-te su mi ostavile problem.

You see, I always assumed I would go into space,

Uvijek sam mislila

kako ću putovati u svemir,

because I followed all of this.

ali voljela sam i umjetnost i znanost.

But I also loved the arts and sciences.

Kada sam odrastala

You see, when I was growing up as a little girl and as a teenager,

kao djevojčica i adolesentica,

I loved designing and making doll clothes

voljela sam dizajnirati i izrađivati odijeću za pse,

i htjela sam biti modni dizajner.

and wanting to be a fashion designer.

I took art and ceramics.

Proučavala sam likovnu umjetnost i keramiku. Voljela sam ples.

I loved dance: Lola Falana, Alvin Ailey, Jerome Robbins.

Lola Falana. Alvin Ailey. Jerome Robbins.

I vjerno sam pratila programe

And I also avidly followed the Gemini and the Apollo programs.

Gemini i Apollo.

I had science projects and tons of astronomy books.

Izrađivala sam znanstvene projekte i imala

puno knjiga iz astronomije. Učila sam diferencijalni račun i filozofiju.

I took calculus and philosophy.

Pitala sam se o beskonačnosti

I wondered about infinity and the Big Bang theory.

i teoriji velikog praska.

I kad sam otišla na Stanford,

And when I was at Stanford, I found myself, my senior year,

na mojoj zadnjoj godini,

chemical engineering major,

na smjeru kemijskog inženjerstva, pola ljudi

half the folks thought I was a political science and performing arts major,

mislilo je kako studiram političke znanosti i

ples, što je bilo

which was sort of true, because I was Black Student Union President,

dijelom istina jer sam bila predsjednik Unije crnih studenata

and I did major in some other things.

i studirala sam neke druge stvari,

And I found myself the last quarter

i u zadnjem semestru žonglirala sam

juggling chemical engineering separation processes,

procese separacije u kemijskom inženjerstvu,

logic classes, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,

predavanja iz logike, nuklearnu magnetsku rezonanciju,

i također sam producirala

and also producing and choreographing a dance production.

i koreografirala plesnu predstavu,

i radila na osvjetljenju pozornice

And I had to do the lighting and the design work,

i dizajn, i pokušavala sam odlučiti

and I was trying to figure out:

da li da odem u New York

Do I go to New York City to try to become a professional dancer,

i pokušam postati profesionalna plesačica,

ili da studiram medicinu?

or to go to medical school?

Now, my mother helped me figure that one out.

E sada, moja majka mi je pomogla

(Laughter)

da odlučim. (Smijeh)

But when I went into space, I carried a number of things up with me.

No kada sam otišla u svemir,

nosila sam nekoliko stvari sa mnom.

I carried a poster by Alvin Ailey --

Nosila sam poster

you can figure out now, I love the dance company --

Alvin Aileya, već vam je sigurno jasno do sada

da volim tu plesnu trupu.

an Alvin Ailey poster of Judith Jamison performing the dance "Cry,"

Alvin Ailey poster od Judith Jamison

dedicated to all black women everywhere;

kako izvodi balet "Cry", posvećen

a Bundu statue, which was from the women's society in Sierra Leone;

svim ženama crne boje kože. Kip Bundu,

od Ženskog društva

and a certificate for the Chicago Public School students

u Sierra Leone, i potvrdu

za učenike javnih škola u Chicagu

to work to improve their science and math.

da rade na poboljšanju znanja znanosti i matematike,

And folks asked me,

i ljudi su me pitali,

"Why did you take up what you took up?"

"Zašto si baš to uzela sa sobom?"

I morala sam reći,

And I had to say,

"Because it represents human creativity;

"Zato što to predstavlja ljudsku kreativnost,

kreativnost koja nam je omogućila

the creativity that allowed us,

da zamislimo i izgradimo

that we were required to have to conceive and build and launch

svemirski brod, koja dolazi iz

the space shuttle,

istog izvora mašte

which springs from the same source as the imagination and analysis

i analize koja je bila potrebna da se izrezbari Bundu kip,

that it took to carve a Bundu statue,

ili genijanost da se osmisli,

or the ingenuity it took to design, choreograph and stage "Cry."

koreografira i postavi na pozornicu balet "Cry".

Svaki od njih je različita

Each one of them are different manifestations, incarnations,

manifestacija, inkarnacija kreativnosti,

of creativity -- avatars of human creativity.

utjelovljenja ljudske kreativnosti,

i to moramo pomiriti u svojim glavama

And that's what we have to reconcile in our minds,

kako te stvari idu zajedno.

how these things fit together.

The difference between arts and sciences is not analytical versus intuitive.

Razlika između umjetnosti i znanosti

nije razlika između analitičkog i intuitivnog, zar ne?

Right?

Za 'E=mc 2'

E = mc2 required an intuitive leap,

bila je prvo potrebna intuicija,

and then you had to do the analysis afterwards.

a analiza se napravila nakon toga.

Einstein je, zapravo, rekao: "Najljepše

Einstein said, in fact,

"The most beautiful thing we can experience

što možemo doživjeti je nešto što je misteriozno.

is the mysterious.

To je izvor sve prave umjetnosti i znanosti."

It is the source of all true art and science."

U plesu je potrebno izraziti i željeti

Dance requires us to express and want to express

izraziti radost življenja, no

the jubilation in life,

prije toga morate smisliti kojim

but then you have to figure out:

točno pokretom to želim pokazati

Exactly what movement do I do

to make sure it comes across correctly?

da se ispravno shvati?

Razlika između umjetnosti i znanosti

The difference between arts and sciences

is also not constructive versus deconstructive.

također nije konstruktivno nasuprot

dekonstruktivnog, zar ne? Mnogo ljudi

A lot of people think of the sciences as deconstructive,

misli kako su dekonstruktivne.

Rastavljanje na sastavne dijelove.

you have to pull things apart.

And yeah, subatomic physics is deconstructive --

Da, subatomska fizika

je doista dekonstruktivna. Atomi se

you literally try to tear atoms apart

doslovce rastavljaju kako bi se razumjelo

to understand what's inside of them.

od čega su sastavljeni. Ali skulptura,

But sculpture, from what I understand from great sculptors,

koliko sam razumjela od velikih kipara,

također je dekonstruktivna, jer vidite konačni rezultat

is deconstructive,

i uklanjate ono što ne treba

because you see a piece and you remove what doesn't need to be there.

tamo biti.

Biotechnology is constructive.

Biotehnologija je konstruktivna.

Orkestralni aranžman je konstruktivan.

Orchestral arranging is constructive.

Mi zapravo koristimo konstruktivne i

So, in fact, we use constructive and deconstructive techniques

dekonstruktivne tehnike svuda.

in everything.

Razlika između znanosti

The difference between science and the arts

i umjetnosti nije da su one

is not that they are different sides of the same coin, even,

različite strane jednog novčića,

ili različiti dijelovi

or even different parts of the same continuum,

istog kontinuuma, već

but rather, they're manifestations of the same thing.

su manifestacije jedne te iste stvari.

Different quantum states of an atom?

Različita kvantna stanja atoma?

Ili ako želim biti bliža 21. stoljeću

Or maybe if I want to be more 21st century,

mogla bih reći kako su to različite harmonijske

I could say that they're different harmonic resonances of a superstring.

rezonance superstrune.

But we'll leave that alone.

Ali ostavimo to sada. (Smijeh)

They spring from the same source.

One dolaze iz istog izvora.

The arts and sciences are avatars of human creativity.

Umjetnosti i znanosti su utjelovljenja

ljudske kreativnosti. To je naš pokušaj

It's our attempt as humans

da kao ljudi pokušamo razumjeti

to build an understanding of the universe, the world around us.

Svemir, svijet oko nas.

It's our attempt to influence things,

To je naš pokušaj da izvršimo utjecaj,

na Svemir unutar nas

the universe internal to ourselves

i izvan nas.

and external to us.

The sciences, to me, are manifestations of our attempt to express or share

Znanosti, za mene, manifestacije su

našeg pokušaja da izrazimo

ili podijelimo svoje razumijevanje,

our understanding, our experience,

svoje iskustvo, da utječemo na Svemir

to influence the universe external to ourselves.

izvan nas.

It doesn't rely on us as individuals.

On ne ovisi o nama kao pojedincima.

To je Svemir s kojim svi imaju

It's the universe, as experienced by everyone.

isto iskustvo, dok umjetnosti manifestiraju

The arts manifest our desire,

našu želju, naš pokušaj da podijelimo

our attempt to share or influence others

ili utječemo na druge preko iskustava

through experiences that are peculiar to us as individuals.

koja su jedinstvena za nas kao pojedince.

Dozvolite da to ponovim na drugi način:

Let me say it again another way:

znanost pruža razumijevanje

science provides an understanding of a universal experience,

univerzalnog iskustva, a

and arts provide a universal understanding

umjetnost pruža univerzalno razumijevanje

of a personal experience.

osobnog iskustva.

That's what we have to think about,

Tako moramo razmišljati,

that they're all part of us, they're all part of a continuum.

da je to sve dio nas,

dio kontinuuma.

It's not just the tools, it's not just the sciences,

Nisu to samo alati, ne samo

znanosti, znate, matematika

the mathematics and the numerical stuff and the statistics,

i numerički podaci i statistika,

because we heard, very much on this stage,

jer smo čuli, i na ovoj

people talked about music being mathematical.

pozornici, ljude koji govore

kako glazba ima matematičku komponentu. Zar ne?

Arts don't just use clay,

Umjetnosti ne upotrebljavaju samo glinu,

aren't the only ones that use clay, light and sound and movement.

svjetlo i zvuk i pokret.

They use analysis as well.

One upotrebljavaju i analizu.

No ljudi bi mogli reći, hej,

So people might say,

meni se ipak sviđa podjela intuitivnog nasuprot

"Well, I still like that intuitive versus analytical thing,"

analitičkom, jer svi žele razmišljati na način

because everybody wants to do the right brain, left brain thing.

desni mozak - lijevi mozak. Zar ne?

Sve nas je netko u nekom trenu optužio

We've all been accused of being right-brained or left-brained

da nama dominira desni ili lijevi mozak,

at some point in time,

ovisno o tome

depending on who we disagreed with.

tko je osoba s kojom se nismo mogli složiti. (Smijeh)

(Laughter)

You know, people say "intuitive" --

Kad ljudi kažu intuitivno,

that's like you're in touch with nature,

to bi trebalo značiti kako ste u dodiru s prirodom,

in touch with yourself and relationships;

sa samima sobom i odnosima s ljudima.

analytical, you put your mind to work.

Analitičko: upotrebljavate svoj um,

I'm going to tell you a little secret. You all know this, though.

i reći ću vam malu tajnu. Svi vi

to zapravo znate, ali ponekad ljudi

But sometimes people use this analysis idea,

upotrebljavaju ideju analize, stvari koje su

that things are outside of ourselves,

izvan nas samih, kao nešto

to say, this is what we're going to elevate

što ćemo uzdignuti kao istinito,

kao najvažnije, znanost, zar ne?

as the true, most important sciences, right?

A s druge strane imate umjetnike, i svi vi

Then you have artists -- and you all know this is true as well --

znate da je i to istina,

artists will say things about scientists

oni će govoriti na određen način o znanstvenicima,

da su prekonkretni,

because they say they're too concrete, they're disconnected from the world.

odvojeni od svijeta.

But, we've even had that here on stage,

Imali smo i to ovdje na pozornici,

so don't act like you don't know what I'm talking about.

nemojte se praviti

da ne znate o čemu pričam. (Smijeh)

(Laughter)

We had folks talking about the Flat Earth Society

Bilo je ljudi koji su govorili o tome kako je Zemlja ravna

i aranžere cvijeća,

and flower arrangers,

so there's this whole dichotomy

tako da je tu cijela ta dvojnost

that we continue to carry along, even when we know better.

koju nosimo sa sobom, iako znamo da ne bi trebali.

And folks say we need to choose either-or.

I ljudi govore da moramo izabrati jedno ili drugo.

Ali bilo bi glupo izabrati

But it would really be foolish to choose either one,

bilo koje, zar ne?

intuitive versus analytical.

Intuitivno nasuprot analitičkom?

That's a foolish choice.

To je glup izbor. Glup je,

It's foolish just like trying to choose between being realistic or idealistic.

isto kao da birate između

realističnog ili idealističnog.

You need both in life.

U životu nam je potrebno oboje.

Why do people do this?

Zašto to ljudi rade? Citirat ću

I'm going to quote a molecular biologist, Sydney Brenner,

molekularnog biologa, Sydney Brennera,

who's 70 years old, so he can say this.

koji ima 70 godina i smije to reći. Kaže:

He said, "It's always important to distinguish between chastity

"Bitno je vidjeti razliku

između čestitosti i impotencije."

and impotence."

Now --

E sad... (Smijeh)

(Laughter)

Htjela bih s vama podijeliti

I want to share with you a little equation, OK?

jednu jednadžbu, ok?

Kako se razumijevanje znanosti

How does understanding science and the arts fit into our lives

i umjetnosti

i što se to događa sa stvarima

and what's going on

and the things we're talking about here at the design conference?

o kojima pričamo ovdje

na konferenciji o dizajnu, i ovo je

And this is a little thing I came up with:

do čega sam došla, razumijevanje

understanding

and our resources and our will

i naši resursi i naša volja

uzrokuju određene ishode.

cause us to have outcomes.

Our understanding is our science, our arts, our religion;

Naše razumijevanje je naša znanost, naše umjetnosti,

naša religija, kako vidimo Svemir

how we see the universe around us;

oko nas, naši resursi, naš novac,

our resources, our money, our labor, our minerals --

naš rad, naši minerali, stvari

those things that are out there in the world we have to work with.

tamo u svijetu s kojim

moramo raditi.

But more importantly, there's our will.

Ali još važnije, tu je naša volja.

This is our vision,

Naša vizija, naše ambicije za

our aspirations of the future, our hopes, our dreams,

budućnost, naše nade, naši snovi,

our struggles and our fears.

naše bitke i naši strahovi.

Our successes and our failures influence what we do with all of those.

Naši uspjesi i neuspjesi utječu

na to što ćemo sa svime time, i za mene,

And to me, design and engineering, craftsmanship and skilled labor,

dizajn i inženjerstvo, obrti i

profesionalni rad, sve su to stvari koje utječu

are all the things that work on this to have our outcome,

na ishod,

which is our human quality of life.

a to je naša ljudska kvaliteta života.

Where do we want the world to be?

Gdje želimo vidjeti svijet?

And guess what?

I pogodite što?

Regardless of how we look at this,

Bez obzira kako na to gledamo,

whether we look at arts and sciences as separate or different,

bilo da vidimo umjetnosti i znanosti kao odvojene

they're both being influenced now and they're both having problems.

ili različite, obje strane

sada imaju problem.

I did a project called S.E.E.ing the Future:

Radila sam na projektu 'S.E.E.ing the Future' ('Vidjeti budućnost')

Science, Engineering and Education.

Znanost, inženjerstvo i edukacija, i

It was looking at how to shed light

radilo se na tome da vidimo

on the most effective use of government funding.

koji bi bio najuspješniji način da se potroši državni novac.

We got a bunch of scientists in all stages of their careers.

Doveli smo dosta znanstvenika u svim

They came to Dartmouth College, where I was teaching.

stadijima karijere. Došli su na Dartmouth

koledž, gdje sam predavala, i razgovarali su

And they talked about, with theologians and financiers:

s teolozima i financijerima,

What are some of the issues of public funding

koja su glavna pitanja u javnom

for science and engineering research?

financiranju za znanost i inženjerstvo.

What's most important about it?

Što je najvažnije?

There are some ideas that emerged

Neke ideje koje su se pojavile

that I think have really powerful parallels to the arts.

pokazuju važne paralele

The first thing they said was that the circumstances

s umjetnostima. Prva stvar koju su rekli je

that we find ourselves in today in the sciences and engineering

da su okolnosti u kojima smo sad

u znanosti i inženjerstvu koje su

that made us world leaders

od nas napravile svjetsku silu

are very different than the '40s, the '50s, and the '60s and the '70s,

različite su od onih u 40-ima, 50-ima, 60-ima

i 70-ima kad smo

when we emerged as world leaders,

postali svjetska sila, jer se sad više

because we're no longer in competition with fascism,

ne natječemo s fašizmom,

with Soviet-style communism.

s komunizmom sovjetskog stila,

And by the way, that competition wasn't just military;

a to natjecanje nije bilo samo vojno,

ono je bilo i društveno

it included social competition and political competition as well,

i političko,

ono nam je omogućilo da gledamo u Svemir

that allowed us to look at space as one of those platforms

kao jedan od načina da dokažemo

kako je naš društveni sustav bolji.

to prove that our social system was better.

Another thing they talked about was that the infrastructure

Druga stvar o kojoj su govorili je

da infrastruktura koja podupire znanost

that supports the sciences

postaje zastarjela. Ako pogledamo

is becoming obsolete.

We look at universities and colleges --

sveučilišta i koledže, javne koledže

small, mid-sized community colleges across the country --

male i srednje veličine u cijeloj zemlji,

njihovi laboratoriji postaju zastarjeli,

their laboratories are becoming obsolete.

And this is where we train most of our science workers

a tamo mi obrazujemo većinu

znanstvenih radnika i istraživača,

and our researchers -- and our teachers, by the way.

i učitelja,

And there's a media that doesn't support the dissemination of any more than

i da mediji ne podupiru

širenje ništa više nego

običnih i praznih informacija.

the most mundane and inane of information.

Tu je pseudoznanost,

There's pseudoscience, crop circles, alien autopsy, haunted houses,

autopsija vanzemaljaca, kuće duhova,

ili katastrofe. To je sve što vidimo.

or disasters.

And that's what we see.

A to nisu informacije

This isn't really the information you need to operate in everyday life

koje nam trebaju za svakodnevni život

and figure out how to participate in this democracy

i da bismo shvatili kako sudjelovati

u ovoj demokraciji i što se događa.

and determine what's going on.

They also said there's a change in the corporate mentality.

Također su rekli kako je došlo do promjene

u mentalitetu korporacija. Dok je

Whereas government money had always been there

državni novac uvijek bio tu za

for basic science and engineering research,

bazična istraživanja i istraživanja u inženjerstvu,

we also counted on some companies to do some basic research.

računalo se i na poduzeća da rade

nešto bazičnog istraživanja, no sada se dogodilo

But what's happened now is companies put more energy

da poduzeća ulažu više u

into short-term product development

kratkoročni razvoj proizvoda

nego u bazična istraživanja

than they do in basic engineering and science research.

u znanosti i inženjerstvu.

A školstvo ne drži korak.

And education is not keeping up.

U osnovnim i srednjim školama, laboratoriji se

In K through 12, people are taking out wet labs.

manje koriste. Ljudi misle da ako stavimo računalo

They think if we put a computer in the room,

u sobu da će ono zamijeniti

it's going to take the place of actually mixing the acids

miješanje kiselina,

uzgajanje krumpira.

or growing the potatoes.

A državna ulaganja se smanjuju

And government funding is decreasing in spending,

i govore,

and then they're saying, let's have corporations take over,

neka poduzeća preuzmu,

and that's not true.

a to nije dobro. Državne agencije

Government funding should at least do things

bi u najmanju ruku trebale prepoznati

like recognize cost benefits of basic science and engineering research.

financijske dobrobiti istraživanja u znanosti

i inženjerstvu. Moramo shvatiti

We have to know that we have a responsibility as global citizens

kako imamo odgovornosti

kao globalni građani ovog svijeta.

in this world.

We have to look at the education of humans.

Moramo pogledati edukaciju

We need to build our resources today to make sure that they're trained

ljudi. Moramo izgraditi naše resurse danas

i osigurati da ljudi

so they understand the importance of these things.

razumiju njihovu važnost,

And we have to support the vitality of science.

moramo dati podršku

važnosti znanosti,

That doesn't mean that everything has to have one thing that's going to go on,

i to ne znači da treba izabrati samo jednu stvar

koja će se financirati,

or that we know exactly what's going to be the outcome of it,

jer onda znamo koji će biti ishod,

but that we support the vitality and the intellectual curiosity

nego da podržavamo vitalnost i

intelektualnu znatiželju,

that goes along [with it].

i ako razmislimo o tim paralelama

And if you think about those parallels to the arts --

u umjetnosti, natjecanje

the competition with the Bolshoi Ballet spurred

s Bolshoi baletom potaknulo je

Joffrey i New York City balet

the Joffrey and the New York City Ballet to become better.

da postanu bolji.

Muzeji, kazališta,

Infrastructure, museums, theaters, movie houses across the country

kina po cijeloj zemlji

nestaju. Imamo sve više

are disappearing.

We have more television stations with less to watch,

televizijskih stanica ali sve manje za gledati,

we have more money spent on rewrites

sve više novca se troši

na preinake kako bi se stari televizijski programi

to get old television programs

in the movies.

prenijeli u kina.

We have corporate funding now that,

Imamo korporativno financiranje koje,

kad ga dobije neka skupina, kad

when it goes to support the arts,

se donira za potporu umjetnosti, gotovo uvijek

it almost requires that the product be part of the picture

se zahtijeva da njihov proizvod bude dio slike

koju umjetnik slika, i imamo stadione

that the artist draws.

We have stadiums that are named over and over again by corporations.

kojima se iznova daju imena

različitih korporacija.

In Houston, we're trying to figure out what to do with that Enron Stadium thing.

U Houstonu pokušavamo odlučiti

što ćemo s Enron stadionom.

(Laughter)

Fine arts and education in the schools is disappearing,

(Smijeh) A umjetnost i edukacija

u školama nestaju,

And we have a government that seems like it's gutting the NEA

a vlada ne podupire

programe za unapređenje javnog školstva,

and other programs.

So we have to really stop and think:

te zaista moramo zastati i razmisliti,

What are we trying to do with the sciences and the arts?

što to želimo učiniti

sa znanostima i umjetnostima?

There's a need to revitalize them.

Moramo ih oživjeti.

We have to pay attention to it.

Moramo obratiti pažnju na njih.

I just want to tell you quickly what I'm doing --

Reći ću vam na brzinu što ja radim.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Reći ću vam što sam radila

I want to tell you what I've been doing a little bit since ...

pomalo, otkad osjećam tu potrebu

I feel this need to sort of integrate some of the ideas

da povežem neke od ideja

that I've had and run across over time.

s kojima sam se susrela tijekom vremena.

Jedna od stvari koje sam shvatila je

One of the things that I found out is that there's a need to repair

kako postoji potreba da se ispravi

the dichotomy between the mind and body as well.

dvojnost između uma i tijela.

Majka mi je uvijek govorila,

My mother always told me, you have to be observant,

moraš obratiti pažnju, znati

know what's going on in your mind and your body.

što se događa i u tvom umu i tijelu,

And as a dancer, I had this tremendous faith in my ability to know my body,

i kao plesačica imala sam veliku

vjeru u svoju sposobnost da razumijem svoje tijelo

just as I knew how to sense colors.

isto kao što sam znala osjećati boje.

Then I went to medical school,

Onda sam otišla studirati medicinu,

and I was supposed to just go on what the machine said about bodies.

i trebala sam prihvatiti ono

što medicina kaže o tijelu.

You know, you would ask patients questions and some people would tell you,

Znate, postavili bi pitanja pacijentu

i neki ljudi bi vam rekli,

"Don't listen to what the patient said."

"Ne, ne, ne slušaj

We know that patients know and understand their bodies better,

što ti pacijent govori." Mi znamo kako pacijenti

razumiju svoja tijela bolje,

but these days we're trying to divorce them from that idea.

ali u zadnje vrijeme ih pokušavamo

We have to reconcile the patient's knowledge of their body

razuvjeriti od te ideje. No moramo uskladiti

znanje pacijenta o svom tijelu

with physicians' measurements.

i liječnička mjerenja.

Netko je govorio o

We had someone talk about measuring emotions

mjerenju emocija i izradi uređaja

and getting machines to figure out what to keep us from acting crazy.

koji bi to radili,

da ne bismo djelovali ludi. Zar ne?

Ne, mi ne trebamo mjeriti,

No, we shouldn't measure.

We shouldn't use machines to measure road rage

ne trebamo upotrebaljvati strojeve

koji mjere emocije bijesa i onda

and then do something to keep us from engaging in it.

rade nešto što će nas spriječiti u njihovoj manifestaciji.

Maybe we can have machines help us to recognize that we have road rage,

Možda bi nam uređaji mogli pomoći

da prepoznamo te negativne emocije

and then we need to know how to control that without the machines.

i onda ih moramo znati kontrolirati

We even need to be able to recognize that without the machines.

bez uređaja. Mi to čak moramo

biti u stanju prepoznati bez uređaja.

What I'm very concerned about is:

Jako me brine kako

How do we bolster our self-awareness as humans, as biological organisms?

potaknuti samosvijesnost

nas kao ljudi, kao bioloških organizama?

Michael Moschen je govorio kako poučavati i

Michael Moschen spoke of having to teach

naučiti osjećati s očima,

and learn how to feel with my eyes, to see with my hands.

vidjeti s rukama.

Imamo razne mogućnosti

We have all kinds of possibilities to use our senses by,

upotrebe naših osjetila i

and that's what we have to do.

to moramo iskoristiti.

That's what I want to do --

To ja želim učiniti, pokušati koristiti

to try to use bioinstrumentation, those kind of things,

bioinstrumentaciju, stvari koje

pomažu našim osjetilima u tome što radimo,

to help our senses in what we do.

i time se sada bavim

That's the work I've been doing now,

u organizaciji BioSentient Corporation.

as a company called BioSentient Corporation.

Mislim da moram to promovirati,

I figured I'd have to do that ad, because I'm an entrepreneur,

jer ja sam poduzetnik, a poduzetnik je

and "entrepreneur" says "somebody who does what they want to do,

netko tko radi što želi raditi

jer nije dovoljno siromašan

because they're not broke enough that they have to get a real job."

da mora naći pravi posao.

(Smijeh) Posao koji radim

(Laughter)

But that's the work I'm doing, BioSentient Corporation,

s BioSentient korporacijom je pokušati

razumjeti kako mi integriramo sve te stvari?

trying to figure out: How do we integrate these things?

Dozvolite da završim time da je

Let me finish by saying that my personal design issue for the future

moj osobni problem dizajna budućnosti

vezan uz integraciju, uz razmišljanje o

is really about integrating;

tom intuitivnom i analitičkom.

to think about that intuitive and that analytical.

Umjetnosti i znanosti nisu odvojene.

The arts and sciences are not separate.

High school physics lesson before you leave:

Lekcija iz fizike prije nego odete.

high school physics teacher used to hold up a ball.

Srednjoškolska profesorica fizike je znala

držati loptu. Rekla bi kako ova lopta ima

She would say, "This ball has potential energy.

potencijalnu energiju, ali ništa joj se neće

But nothing will happen to it, it can't do any work,

dogoditi, ne može obaviti nikakav rad

until I drop it and it changes states."

sve dok je ne ispustim i ona ne promijeni stanje.

Ja razmišljam o idejama kao potencijalnoj energiji.

I like to think of ideas as potential energy.

One su divne, ali ništa

They're really wonderful,

but nothing will happen until we risk putting them into action.

se neće dogoditi dok ne preuzmemo

rizik da ih ostvarimo.

This conference is filled with wonderful ideas.

Na ovoj konferenciji bilo je

puno divnih ideja.

We're going to share lots of things with people.

Dijelimo mnogo stvari

But nothing's going to happen

s drugim ljudima, ali ništa se neće dogoditi

until we risk putting those ideas into action.

dok ne krenemo u akciju.

We need to revitalize the arts and sciences today.

Moramo oživjeti umjetnosti i znanosti

današnjice, moramo preuzeti odgovornost

We need to take responsibility for the future.

za budućnost. Ne možemo se skrivati

We can't hide behind saying it's just for company profits,

iza profita poduzeća,

or it's just a business,

ili floskula kako je to samo biznis, ili ja sam umjetnik

or I'm an artist or an academician.

ili znanstvenik.

Evo kako procijeniti ono što radite.

Here's how you judge what you're doing:

Govorila sam u ravnoteži između

I talked about that balance between intuitive, analytical.

intuitivnog, analitičkog.

Fran Lebowitz, moja najdraža ciničarka,

Fran Lebowitz, my favorite cynic,

rekla je kako su tri najvažnija pitanja

said, "The three questions of greatest concern ..." --

sad ću ja dodati "za dizajn",

now I'm going to add on to design --

jesu:

"... are: Is it attractive?"

"Je li privlačno?"

To je intuitivno.

That's the intuitive.

"Je li zabavno?" Analitičko.

"Is it amusing?" -- the analytical,

and, "Does it know its place?" -- the balance.

"I zna li se gdje mu je mjesto?"

Ravnoteža. Hvala vam puno.

Thank you very much.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)