Award-winning teen-age science in action

Translator: Aries Eroles Reviewer: Polimar Balatbat

Lauren Hodge: If you were going to a restaurant and wanted a healthier option,

Lauren Hodge: Kung ika'y pupunta sa restawran at papipiliin kung alin ang mas malusog,

which would you choose, grilled or fried chicken?

ano ang pipiliin mo, ang inihaw o piniritong manok?

Now most people would answer grilled,

Pinipili ng karamihan ang inihaw,

and it's true that grilled chicken does contain less fat and fewer calories.

at totoo na ang inihaw na manok ay may kunting taba at calories.

However, grilled chicken poses a hidden danger.

Ngunit, ang inihaw na manok ay may tinatagong panganib.

The hidden danger is heterocyclic amines --

Ang nakatagong panganib ay ang heterocyclic amines --

specifically phenomethylimidazopyridine,

partikular yung phenomethylimidazopyridine,

or PhIP --

o PhlP --

(laughter)

(tawanan)

which is the immunogenic or carcinogenic compound.

na isang compound na immunogenic o carcinogenic.

A carcinogen is any substance or agent

Ang carcinogen ay isang substance o agent

that causes abnormal growth of cells,

na nagiging sanhi ng abnormal na paglaki ng mga cell,

which can also cause them to metastasize or spread.

na maaaring magdudulot rin sa paglaki at paglaganap nito.

They are also organic compounds

Mayroon ding mga organikong compounds

in which one or more of the hydrogens in ammonia

na isa o marami pang hydrogen sa ammonia

is replaced with a more complex group.

ay napapalitan ng mas masalimoot na grupo.

Studies show that antioxidants

Isang pag-aaral ay nagpapakita

are known to decrease these heterocyclic amines.

na nagpapababa sila ng dami ng mga heterocyclic amines.

However, no studies exist yet

Pero wala pang pag-aaral na

that show how or why.

nagpapakita kung papapaano at bakit.

These here are five different organizations that classify carcinogens.

Ito ay limang magkakaibang grupo ng mga carcinogens.

And as you can see, none of the organizations consider the compounds to be safe,

Sa nakikita n'yo, wala sa kanila ang maituturing na ligtas,

which justifies the need to decrease them in our diet.

na nangangahulugan lamang na dapat bawasan sila sa ating dyeta.

Now you might wonder how a 13 year-old girl could come up with this idea.

Kayo siguro ay nagtataka kung papaano ang isang 13-taong gulang ay nagkaroon ng isang ideya.

And I was led to it through a series of events.

Ito ay naganap sa mga serye ng kaganapan.

I first learned about it through a lawsuit I read about in my doctor's office --

Unang kung nalamat ito sa isang lawsuit nabasa ko sa opisina ng doctor ko --

(Laughter)

(Tawanan)

which was between the Physician's Committee for Responsible Medicine

sa pagitan ng "Komite ng mga Doktor para sa Responsabling Pagmedisina"

and seven different fast food restaurants.

at sa pitong magkaiba na fast food restawran.

They weren't sued because there was carcinogens in the chicken,

Hindi sila kinasuhan dahil sa mga carcinogens sa kanilang manok,

but they were sued because of California's Proposition 65,

kundi dahil sa Proposisyon bilang 65 ng California,

which stated that if there's anything dangerous in the products

na nagsasabing anumang produktong may mapanganib na sangkap

then the companies had to give a clear warning.

ay bibigyan ng babala.

So I was very surprised about this.

Nagulat ako dito.

And I was wondering why nobody knew more

Pinagtatakaan ko lang kung bakit walang isa ang talagang nakakaalam

about this dangerous grilled chicken,

tungkol sa panganib ng inihaw na manok,

which doesn't seem very harmful.

na mukhang hindi gaano ka delikado.

But then one night, my mom was cooking grilled chicken for dinner,

Isang gabi, ang aking mommy ay nag-ihaw ng manok para sa hapunan,

and I noticed that the edges of the chicken,

at napansin ko na sa gilid ng manok

which had been marinated in lemon juice, turned white.

na kung saan ang binabad sa lemon juice ay nagiging puti.

And later in biology class, I learned that it's due to a process called denaturing,

At kinamayaan sa aming klase sa biology, nalaman ko na dahil pala ito sa prosesong tinatawag na denaturing,

which is where the proteins will change shape

na kung saan ang protina ay mag-ibang anyo

and lose their ability to chemically function.

at mawalan ng kanilang abilidad sa aspetong kemikal.

So I combined these two ideas and I formulated a hypothesis,

Kaya pinag-isa ko ang dalawang ideya para bumou ng hypothesis,

saying that, could possibly

na nagsasabing, maaari bang

the carcinogens be decreased due to a marinade

ang mga carcinogens ay bababa sa pagbabad

and could it be due to the differences in PH?

at dahil ba ito sa deperensya sa PH?

So my idea was born,

Kaya nabuo ang aking ideya,

and I had the project set up and a hypothesis,

at nakaplantsa na ang aking proyekto at hypothesis,

so what was my next step?

kaya ano ang sunod kung gawin?

Well obviously I had to find a lab to work at

Natural, kailangan kung maghanap ng lab

because I didn't have the equipment in my school.

dahil walang kagamitan ang paaralan namin.

I thought this would be easy,

Akala ko madali lang,

but I emailed about 200 different people

pero nag-email ako sa humigit-kumulang 200 ka-tao

within a five-hour radius of where I lived,

sa loob ng 5 oras na radius sa titirhan ko,

and I got one positive response that said that they could work with me.

at nakatanggap ako ng iisang sagot na nagsasabing pwede akong magtrabaho sa kanila.

Most of the others either never responded back,

Karamihan sa iba ay hindi sumagot,

said they didn't have the time

o nagsasabing wala silang oras

or didn't have the equipment and couldn't help me.

o wala silang kagamitan at hindi makatutulong sa akin.

So it was a big commitment

Kaya iyon ay malaking pag-uukol

to drive to the lab to work multiple times.

para magbihaye sa lab nang madalas.

However, it was a great opportunity to work in a real lab --

Pero, iyon ay malaking opurtunidad para magtrabaho sa isang tunay sa laboratoryo --

so I could finally start my project.

para maumpisahan ko na ang aking proyekto.

The first stage was completed at home,

Ang unang hakbang ay nakompleto na sa bahay,

which consisted of marinating the chicken,

na sa kabuuan ay ang pagbabad ng manok,

grilling the chicken, amassing it

pag-ihaw nito, pagtipon

and preparing it to be transported to the lab.

at paghanda nito para ibiyahe patungo sa laboratoryo.

The second stage was completed

Ang pangalawang hakbang ay nakompleto

at the Penn State University main campus lab,

sa loob ng main campus ng Penn State University,

which is where I extracted the chemicals,

yung pagkuha ng mga kemikal mula sa manok,

changed the PH so I could run it through the equipment

pagiba ng PH nito pra mapasok ko siya a aparato

and separated the compounds I needed

at paghiwalayin ang mga compounds na kailangan ko

from the rest of the chicken.

mula sa manok.

The final stages, when I ran the samples

Ang huling hakbang ay yung pagsala ko sa mga sample

through a high-pressure

sa isang high-pressure

liquid chromatography mass spectrometer,

na liquid chromatography mass spectrometer,

which separated the compounds and analyzed the chemicals

na naghihiwalay ng mga compounds at suriin ang mga kemikal

and told me exactly how much carcinogens I had

at magsasabi sa akin kung gaano talaga karami ang carcinogen

in my chicken.

sa aking manok.

So when I went through the data, I had very surprising results,

Kaya nung nakuha ko na ang resulta, ikinagulat ko ito,

because I found that four out of the five marinating ingredients

dahil nalaman ko na apat sa limang sangkap sa pagbabad ng manok

actually inhibited the carcinogen formation.

ay mayroong pagbubuo ng carcinogen.

When compared with the unmarinated chicken,

Nung kinumpara ko sa hindi binabad na manok,

which is what I used as my control,

na siyang aking ginamit bilang kontrol,

I found that lemon juice worked by far the best,

nalaman kung ang lemon juice ang pinaka-angat

which decreased the carcinogens

na nagpapababa ng cancinogens

by about 98 percent.

ng 98 porsyento.

The saltwater marinade and the brown sugar marinade

Ang pinagbabad din sa saltwater at pula na asukal

also worked very well,

ay mabuti rin,

decreasing the carcinogens by about 60 percent.

na nagpapababa ng carcinogens ng 60 porseyto.

Olive oil slightly decreased the PhIP formation,

Ang olive oil ay nagpapababa nang bahagya sa pagbuo ng PHlP,

but it was nearly negligible.

ngunit ito ay bale-wala lang.

And the soy sauce results were inconclusive

At ang resulta naman sa toyo ay hindi depinitibo

because of the large data range,

dahil sa laki ng lawak ng mga datos,

but it seems like soy sauce

dahil mukhang sa toyo

actually increased the potential carcinogens.

ay nagpapataas pa sa dami ng carcinogens.

Another important factor that I didn't take into account initially

Isa pang importanting salik na hindi pinagtutuonan nung una

was the time cooked.

ay ang katagalan ng pagluluto.

And I found that if you increase the time cooked,

Nalaman ko kung tatagalan mo ang pagluluto,

the amount of carcinogens rapidly increases.

ang dami ng mga carcinogens ay tataas nang mabilis.

So the best way to marinate chicken, based on this,

Kaya ang pinakamainam na pagbabad ng manok, base dito,

is to, not under-cook,

ay hindi ang pagluto nang hilaw nito,

but definitely don't over-cook and char the chicken,

pero hindi naman yung pag-over-cook at pagsunog nito,

and marinate in either lemon juice, brown sugar or saltwater.

at pagbabad sa lemon juice, pulang asukal o saltwater.

(Applause)

(Palakpakan)

Based on these findings, I have a question for you.

Base dito, mayroon akong isang katanungan sa inyo.

Would you be willing to make a simple change in your diet

Payag ba kayong magkaroon ng kunting pagbabago sa inyong dyeta

that could potentially save your life?

na may potensyal na makapagligtas ng iyong buhay?

Now I'm not saying that if you eat grilled chicken that's not marinated,

Hindi ko sinasabing kung kakain ka ng inihaw na manok na hindi binabad,

you're definitely going to catch cancer and die.

ay magkakaroon ka ng cancer at mamatay.

However, anything you can do

Kaya lang, kung gagawa ka ng isang bagay

to decrease the risk of potential carcinogens

na nagpapababa sa risgo ng carcinogens

can definitely increase the quality of lifestyle.

ay talagang magpapataas ng kwalidad ng iyong buhay.

Is it worth it to you?

Mahalaga ba iyan sa iyo?

How will you cook your chicken now?

Kaya, paano mo na lulutuin ang manok ngayon?

(Applause)

(Palakpakan)

Shree Bose: Hi everyone. I'm Shree Bose.

Shree Bose: Hi sa inyo. Ako si Shree Bose.

I was the 17-18 year-old age category winner

Ako yung nanalo sa 17-18 na taong gulang na kategorya

and then the grand prize winner.

at ang grand prize.

And I want all of you

Gustong kong

to imagine a little girl

magimagin kayo ng isang batang babae

holding a dead blue spinach plant.

na may hawak na isang patay na bughaw na espinadas.

And she's standing in front of you and she's explaining to you

At nakatayo siya sa harap niyo na nag-uunawa

that little kids will eat their vegetables

na ang maliliit na bata ay kakain ng kanilang gulay

if they're different colors.

kung ang kulay nila ay iba.

Sounds ridiculous, right.

Nakakatawa, hindi ba.

But that was me years ago.

Pero ako yun sa nakalipas na panahon.

And that was my first science fair project.

At yun ang kauna-unahan kong proyekto sa science fair.

It got a bit more complicated from there.

Naging mas masalimot ito mula doon.

My older brother Panaki Bose

Ang aking kuya na si Panaki Bose

spent hours of his time explaining atoms to me

ay nag-gugol ng kanyang panahon para ipaliwanag ang atom sa akin

when I barely understood basic algebra.

noong hindi ko pa lubusang maintindihan ang algebra.

My parents suffered through many more of my science fair projects,

Nagdusa ang aking mga magulang sa marami ko pang proyekto sa science fair,

including a remote controlled garbage can.

kasama na ang basurahan na remote controlled.

(Laughter)

(Tawanan)

And then came the summer after my freshman year,

At pagsapit ng summer pagkatapos freshman year,

when my grandfather passed away due to cancer.

namatay ang aking lolo sa cancer.

And I remember watching my family go through that

At natatandaan ko kung paano ito nalusutan ng aming pamilya

and thinking that I never wanted another family

at nagpagtanto na wala ng iba pang pamilya dapat

to feel that kind of loss.

ang makaranas ng ganuong kawalan.

So, armed with all the wisdom

Kaya, naka-armas sa lahat ng aking karunungan

of freshman year biology,

sa biolohiya nung ako'y first year,

I decided I wanted to do cancer research

napagdesisyunan kong magsagawa ng pagsaliksik sa cancer

at 15.

nung ako'y 15.

Good plan.

Magandang plano.

So I started emailing all of these professors in my area

Kaya inumpisahan kong mag-email sa lahat ng mga propesor sa amin

asking to work under their supervision in a lab.

para magtrabaho sa kanilang superbisyon sa kanilang laboratoryo.

Got rejected by all except one.

Tinangihan ako ng lahat maliban sa isa.

And then went on, my next summer,

Kaya natuloy iyon, sa sunod na summer,

to work under Dr. Basu

nagtrabaho ako sa ilalim ni Dr. Basu

at the UNT Health Center at Fort Worth, Texas.

sa UNT Health Center sa Fort Worth, Texas.

And that is where the research began.

At dun nagumpisa ang pagsaliksik ko.

So ovarian cancer

Ang ovarian cancer

is one of those cancers that most people don't know about,

ay isang klase ng cancer na bihira lang ang may alam,

or at least don't pay that much attention to.

o kunti lang ang nagbigay ng atensyon.

But yet, it's the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths

Pero, ito and panglima sa pangunahing sanhi ng pagkamatay dahil sa cancer

among women in the United States.

sa mga kababaihan sa Estados Unidos.

In fact, one in 70 women

Sa katunayan, isa sa 70 na babae

will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer.

ay napagalamang may ovarian cancer.

One in 100

Isa sa bawat 100

will die from it.

ay namamatay dito.

Chemotherapy, one of the most effective ways

Chemotherapy, isa sa pinaka-epiktibong paraan

used to treat cancer today,

para gamutin ang cancer sa panahon ngayon,

involves giving patients really high doses of chemicals

ay naglalakip ng pagbibigay sa mga pasyente ng matatas na dosis ng mga kemikal

to try and kill off cancer cells.

para patayin ang mga cancer cells.

Cisplatin is a relatively common

Cisplatin ay isang komon

ovarian cancer chemotherapy drug --

na ovarian cancer chemotheraphy na gamot --

a relatively simple molecule made in the lab

isang simpleng molecule na ginawa sa laboratoryo

that messes with the DNA of cancer cells

na ginugulo ang DNA ng mga cancer cell

and causes them to kill themselves.

at magiging dahilan para sila mamatay.

Sounds great, right?

Parang nakakamamangha, di ba?

But here's the problem:

Pero ito ang problema:

sometimes patients become resistant to the drug,

kadalasan, masasanay na ang pasyente sa gamot,

and then years after they've been declared to be cancer free,

at pagkatapos ng sila'y madeklarang wala ng cancer,

they come back.

babalik sila.

And this time, they no longer respond to the drug.

At dito, hindi sa sila matablan sa gamot.

It's a huge problem.

Isa itong malaking problema.

In fact, it's one of the biggest problems

Sa katunayan, ito ay isa sa malalaking problema

with chemotherapy today.

ng chemotheraphy ngayon.

So we wanted to figure out

Kaya gusto naming malaman

how these ovarian cancer cells are becoming resistant

kung papaano naging malakas ang mga ovarian cancer cells

to this drug called Cisplatin.

laban sa gamot na tinawag nating Cisplatin.

And we wanted to figure this out,

At gusto naming malaman,

because if we could figure that out,

dahil kung malalaman namin yun,

then we might be able to prevent that resistance from ever happening.

ay maaaring matigil ang paglakas nito.

So that's what we set out to do.

Kaya yun ang ginawa namin.

And we thought it had something to do with this protein called AMP kinase,

At sa tingin namin ay may kinalaman ang isang protina na tinawag na AMP kinase,

an energy protein.

isang enerhiyang protina.

So we ran all of these tests blocking the protein,

Kaya nagsagawa kami ng mga test para pigilan ang protinang ito,

and we saw this huge shift.

at nakita namin ang malaking paggalaw.

I mean, on the slide, you can see

Ang ibig kong sabihin, sa slide na ito, makikita niyo

that on our sensitive side,

na sa ating sensitibong panig,

these cells that are responding to the drug,

ang mga cell na ito ay nagreact sa gamot,

when we start blocking the protein,

nung pinigilan na namin ang mga protina,

the number of dying cells -- those colored dots --

ang bilang ng mga namamatay na cells -- yung mga nakakulay na tolduk --

they're going down.

ay bumababa.

But then on this side, with the same treatment,

Pero sa bahaging ito, sa parehong paraan,

they're going up -- interesting.

sila'y umaakyat -- napakainteresante.

But those are dots on a screen for you;

Pero ang mga tuldok na nasa screen, sa inyong palagay;

what exactly does that mean?

ano ang talagang ibig sabihin nito?

Well basically that means

Ang talagang ibig sabihin nyan

that this protein is changing

ang protinang ito ay nagbabago

from the sensitive cell to the resistant cell.

mula sa sensitibo tungo sa di tinatablan na cell

And in fact, it might be changing the cells themselves

At sa katunayan, binabago nila ang iba pang cells

to make the cells resistant.

para maging resistant din.

And that's huge.

At iyan ay napakalaki.

In fact, it means that if a patient comes in

Sa katunayan, kung ang isang pasyente ay dumating

and they're resistant to this drug,

at sila'y di tinatablan sa druga na ito,

then if we give them a chemical to block this protein,

at bibigyan namin sila ng kemikal para mapigil ang protinang ito,

then we can treat them again

ay mapapagaling din namin sila ulit

with the same drug.

sa parehong gamot.

And that's huge for chemotherapy effectiveness --

At iyan ay malaking tagumpay para sa chemotheraphy --

possibly for many different types of cancer.

na posible rin para sa iba pang tipo ng kanser.

So that was my work,

Kaya yun ang aking nagawa,

and it was my way of reimagining the future

at yun ang aking paraan para baguhin ang kinabukasan

for future research, with figuring out exactly what this protein does,

para sa hinaharap na pagsaliksik, para malaman kung ano talaga ang ginagawa ng protinang ito,

but also for the future of chemotherapy effectiveness --

pero para rin sa kinabukasan ng pagiging epektibo ng chemotheraphy --

so maybe all grandfathers with cancer

para lahat ng ating mga lolo na may kanser

have a little bit more time to spend with their grandchildren.

ay mayroon pang kukunting panahon para igugol sa kanilang mga apo.

But my work wasn't just about the research.

Pero ang ginawa ko ay hindi lang para sa pagsaliksik.

It was about finding my passion.

Yun ay ang paghahanap ng aking pasyon.

That's why being the grand prize winner

At kaya ako nanalo ng grand prize

of the Google Global Science Fair --

sa Google Global Science Fair --

cute picture, right --

nakakatutuwang litrato, di ba --

it was so exciting to me and it was such an amazing honor.

iyun ay nakakatuwa para sa akin at isang malaking karangalan.

And ever since then,

At mula doon,

I've gotten to do some pretty cool stuff --

Kailangan kong gumawa na mga cool na bagay --

from getting to meet the president

mula sa pakikipagtagpo ko sa presidente

to getting to be on this stage

hanggang pagtungtong ko sa entabladong ito

to talk to all of you guys.

para magsalita sa inyong lahat.

But like I said, my journey wasn't just about the research,

Pero gaya ng sabi ko, ang aking paglalakbay ay hindi tungkol sa pagsaliksik,

it was about finding my passion,

yun ay ang paghahanap ng aking pasyon,

and it was about making my own opportunities

at iyon ay tungkol sa paggawa ng sariling kong opurtunidad

when I didn't even know what I was doing.

kahit na hindi ko alam kung ano ang aking ginagawa.

It was about inspiration

Iyon ay tungkol sa inspirasyon

and determination

at determinasyon

and never giving up on my interest

at hindi pagsuko ng aking interes

for science and learning and growing.

para sa syensya at pagkatuto at paglaki.

After all, my story begins

Sa bandang huli, ang aking estorya ay nagsisimula

with a dried, withered spinach plant

sa isang tuyo, at patay na halamang spinach

and it's only getting better from there.

at iyun ay magiging mabuti pa lamang mula doon.

Thank you.

Salamat.

(Applause)

(Palakpakan)

Naomi Shah: Hi everyone. I'm Naomi Shah,

Naomi Shah: Hi sa inyong lahat. Ako si Naomi Shah,

and today I'll be talking to you about my research

at ngayon ay magsasalita ako tungko sa ang aking pagsaliksik

involving indoor air quality

na may kinalaman sa kwalidad ng hangin sa loob

and asthmatic patients.

at ng pasyente ng hika.

1.6 million deaths worldwide.

1.6 na milyon ang namamatay sa boung daigdig.

One death every 20 seconds.

Isa ang patay sa bawat 20 na segundo.

People spend over 90 percent of their lives indoors.

May mga taong 90 porsyento sa kanilang buhay ay ginugol sa loob ng bahay.

And the economic burden of asthma

At ang pang-ekonomiyang pasanin sa hika

exceeds that of HIV and tuberculosis combined.

ay humigit pa sa pinagsamang HIV at tuberculosis.

Now these statistics had a huge impact on me,

Itong istatistikang ito ay may malaking epekto sa akin,

but what really sparked my interest in my research

pero ang talagang naging dahilan ng aking interes sa pagsaliksik nito

was watching both my dad and my brother

ay masaksihan ang aking ama at kapatid

suffer from chronic allergies year-round.

na magdusa sa hindi magaling-galing na allegy taon-taon.

It confused me;

Nakakalito para sa akin;

why did these allergy symptoms persist

bakit nariyan itong mga simtoma ng allergy

well past the pollen season?

kahit hindi na pollen season?

With this question in mind, I started researching,

Dala ang tanong na ito, inumpisahan ko ang aking pagsaliksik,

and I soon found that indoor air pollutants were the culprit.

at nalaman ko na ang dahilan nito ay ang indoor air pollutants.

As soon as I realized this,

Sa sandaling nalaman ko ito,

I investigated the underlying relationship

inembistigahan ko ang pinagsaligang relasyon

between four prevalent air pollutants

sa apat na laganap na air pollutants

and their affect on the lung health of asthmatic patients.

at ang epekto nito sa kalusugan ng baga sa mgapasyente ng hika.

At first, I just wanted to figure out

Nung una, gusto ko lang malaman

which of these four pollutants have the largest negative health impact

kung alin sa apat na pollutants ang may malaking negatibong epektong pangkalusugan

on the lung health of asthmatic patients.

sa baga ng mga pasyente sa hika.

But soon after, I developed a novel mathematical model

Pero pagkatapos ng maikling panahon ay nakabuo ng bagong matematikong modelo

that essentially quantifies the effect

na mahalagang nabigay ng kwantipikadong epekto

of these environmental pollutants

sa mga environmental pollutants na ito

on the lung health of asthmatic patients.

sa kalusugan ng baga ng mga pasyente ng hika.

And it surprises me

At ikinagugulat ko

that no model currently exists

na walng modelo ang mayroon ngayon

that quantifies the effect of environmental factors

na nagkukwenta sa epekto ng mga salik sa kapaligiran

on human lung health,

sa kalusugan ng ating baga,

because that relationship seems so important.

dahil ang relasyong iyan ay talagang importante.

So with that in mind,

Kaya dahil dyan,

I started researching more, I started investigating more,

ininumpisahan kong magsaliksik ng mas maigi,

and I became very passionate.

at maging mas maragasa.

Because I realized

Dahil natantuhan ko

that if we could find a way to target remediation,

na kung gugustuhin nating maghanap ng gamot dito,

we could also find a way

makakakita tayo ng paraan

to treat asthmatic patients more effectively.

para gamutin ang mga may hika ng mas ma-igi.

For example, volatile organic compounds

Halimbawa, ang mga madaling masunog na mga compounds

are chemical pollutants

ay mga kemikal na pollutants

that are found in our schools, homes and workplaces.

na makikita natin sa ating paaralan, bahay, at pinagtatrabahuan.

They're everywhere.

Yan ay kahit saan.

These chemical pollutants

Ito ay mga kemikal na pollutants

are currently not a criteria air pollutant,

na hindi ngayon kasama sa itinuring na air pollutant,

as defined by the U.S. Clean Air Act.

sa listahan ng U.S. Clean Air Act.

Which is surprising to me,

Ito ay ikinagulat ko,

because these chemical pollutants, through my research,

dahil ang mga kemikal pollutants na ito, sa aking pagsaliksik,

I show that they had a very large negative impact

ay nakita kong may malaking negatibong epekto

on the lung health of asthmatic patients

sa kalusugan ng mga may hikang pasyente

and thus should be regulated.

at kaya dapat sila ma-kontrol ng batas.

So today I want to show you

Kaya ngayon gusto kong ipapakita sa inyo

my interactive software model that I created.

ang isang interaktibong software model na ginawa ko.

I'm going to show it to you on my laptop.

Ipapakita ko siya sa inyo sa pamamagitan ng aking laptop.

And I have a volunteer subject in the audience today,

At may boluntaryo ako mula sa audience ngayon,

Julie.

si Julie.

And all of Julie's data has been pre-entered

At lahat ng mga datos mula kay Julie ay ipinasok

into my interactive software model.

sa aking interaktibong software model.

And this can be used by anyone.

At sinuman sa inyo ay makakagamit nito.

So I want you to imagine that you're in Julie's shoes,

Kaya gusto kong ilagay ang inyong sarili kay Julie,

or someone who's really close to you

o sa sinumang malapit sa inyo

who suffers from asthma or another lung disorder.

na may hika o nagdusa na isa pang sakit sa baga.

So Julie's going to her doctor's office

Si Julie ay papunta sa opisina ng kanyang doktor

to get treated for her asthma.

para magamot ang kanyang hika.

And the doctor has her sit down,

At sinabihan siya ng doktor na umupo,

and he takes her peak expiratory flow rate --

at kinuhaan siya ng pinakamataas na expiratory flow rate --

which is essentially her exhalation rate,

na kailangan sa kanyang exhalation rate,

or the amount of air that she can breathe out in one breath.

o ang dami ng hangin na mabuga niya sa iisang paghinga.

So that peak expiratory flow rate,

Kaya ang peak expiratory flow rate,

I've entered it up into the interactive software model.

ipinasok ko siya sa aking interaktobong software model.

I've also entered in her age, her gender and her height.

Ipinasok ko rin ang kanyang edad, kasarian, at kanyang taas.

I've assumed that she lives in an average household

Ipinagpalagay ko na nakatira sya sa isang karaniwang bahay

with average air pollutant levels.

na may pamantayang lebel ng air pollutants.

So any user can come in here

Kaya sinuman sa inyo ay lalapit dito

and click on "lung function report"

at mag-click sa "lung function report"

and it'll take them to this report that I created.

at makakarating sila sa report na ginawa ko.

And this report really drives home the crux of my research.

At ang report na ito ay ang talagang pinakabuod ng aking pagsaliksik.

So what it shows -- if you want to focus on that top graph in the right-hand corner --

Kaya kung ano ang pinakikita nito -- kung mapapansin niyo sa graf na iyan sa kanang bahagi --

it shows Julie's actual peak expiratory flow rate

ay pinapakita ang aktwal na pinakamataas na expiratory flow rate

in the yellow bar.

sa dilaw na bar.

This is the measurement that she took in her doctor's office.

Ito ang sukat na kinuha niya sa opisina ng kanyang doktor.

In the blue bar at the bottom of the graph,

Sa bughaw na bar sa ilalim ng graf,

it shows what her peak expiratory flow rate,

ay nagpapakita ng kanyang pinakamataas na expiratory flow rate,

what her exhalation rate or lung health, should be

kung ano dapat ang kanyang exhalation rate o kalusugan ng kanyang baga

based on her age, gender and height.

base sa kanyang edad, kasarian, at taas.

So the doctor sees this difference between the yellow bar and the blue bar,

Kaya makikita ng doktor ang pagkakaiba sa dilaw at bughaw na bar,

and he says, "Wow, we need to give her steroids,

at sabi niya, "Wow, dapat bigyan natin siya ng steroids,

medication and inhalers."

medikasyon at inhalers."

But I want everyone here to reimagine a world

Pero gustong kong ibahin ang inyong pananaw

where instead of prescribing steroids,

na sa halip na maresita ng steroids,

inhalers and medication,

inhalers at medikasyon,

the doctor turns to Julie and says,

ang doktor ay lilingon kay Julie at magsabi,

"Why don't you go home and clean out your air filters.

"Bakit di ka bumalik sa inyo at linisin ang air filters.

Clean out the air ducts in your home,

Linisin mo dapat ang mga air ducts sa inyong bahay,

in your workplace, in your school.

pinagtatrabahuan, at sa inying paaralan.

Stop the use of incense and candles.

Pigilang mong gumamit ng insenso at kandila.

And if you're remodeling your house,

At kung nagplanong kang ibahin ang bahay mo,

take out all the carpeting and put in hardwood flooring."

alisin mo na ang carpet at lagyan mo ng kahoy na sahig."

Because these solutions are natural,

Dahil ang solusyon na ito ay natural,

these solutions are sustainable,

ang solusyon na ito ay sustainable,

and these solutions are long-term investments --

ang mga solusyon na ito ay pangmatagalan --

long-term investments that we're making

ginagawa natin ang pangmatagalan puhunan na ito

for our generation and for future generations.

para sa ating henerasyon at darating pa.

Because these environmental solutions

Dahil ang solusyong pang-kalikasan

that Julie can make in her home, her workplace and her school

na kayang magawa ni Julie sa kanyang bahay, pinagtatrabahuan at paaralan

are impacting everyone that lives around her.

ay makakaepekto sa lahat ng tao sa paligid niya.

So I'm very passionate about this research

Napakamaragasa ako sa pagsaliksik na ito

and I really want to continue it

at gusto ko pang ipagpatuloy

and expand it to more disorders besides asthma,

at palawakin pa hangang sa mga sakit liban sa hika,

more respiratory disorders, as well as more pollutants.

marami pang sakit sa baga at mga pollutants.

But before I end my talk today,

Bago ko tapusin ang aking pagsasalita,

I want to leave you with one saying.

gusto kong liban kayo sa isang pahayag.

And that saying is that genetics loads the gun,

At ang pahayag ay yun genetics ang naglagay ng bala sa baril,

but the environment pulls the trigger.

pero ang kapaligiran ang kablit nito.

And that made a huge impact on me

At iyan ay may malaking epekto sa akin

when I was doing this research.

nung aking ginawa ang pagsaliksik.

Because what I feel, is a lot of us think

Dahil naisip ko na karamihan sa atin ay nag-iisip

that the environment is at a macro level,

na ang kapaligiran ay nasa malawak na lebel,

that we can't do anything to change our air quality

na wala tayong magagawa para baguhin natin ang kwalidad ng ating hangin

or to change the climate or anything.

o para baguhin ang klima o anuman.

But if each one of us takes initiative in our own home,

Pero kung bawat isa sa atin ay gumawa ng inisyatibo sa ating bahay,

in our own school and in our own workplace,

paaralan at pinagtatrabahuan,

we can make a huge difference in air quality.

makakagawa tayo ng malaking epekto sa kwalidad ng ating hangin.

Because remember, we spend 90 percent of our lives indoors.

Dahil tandaan niyo, 90 porsyento ng ating buhay ay ginugol natin sa ating bahay

And air quality and air pollutants

At ang kwalidad ng ating hangin at air pollutants

have a huge impact on the lung health of asthmatic patients,

ay may malaking epekto sa kalusugan ng may hikang pasyente,

anyone with a respiratory disorder

sinumang may sakit sa baga

and really all of us in general.

at lahat naman tayo.

So I want you to reimagine a world

Kaya gusto kong mag-isip kayo ng panibagong mundo

with better air quality,

na may mas mabuting kwalidad ng hangin

better quality of life

mas mabuting buhay

and better quality of living for everyone

at mas mabuting pamumuhay sa ating lahat

including our future generations.

lakip na sa sunod na henerasyon.

Thank you.

Salamat.

(Applause)

(Palakpakan)

Lisa Ling: Right.

Lisa Ling: Tama.

Can I have Shree and Lauren come up really quickly?

Pwede bang umakyat sina Shree at Laureen ng mabilis?

Your Google Science Fair champions.

Ang inyong mga kampyon sa Google Science Fair.

Your winners.

Ang mga nanalo.

(Applause)

(Palakpakan)