The case of the missing fractals - Alex Rosenthal and George Zaidan

725,872 views ・ 2014-04-29

TED-Ed


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翻译人员: Mingyu Cui 校对人员: Shengwei Cai
00:18
It was a night like any other night,
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这是一个再寻常不过的夜晚,
00:20
except here I was climbing the platonic peaks
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只不过,我在攀登一座想像中的高峰,
00:23
like Romeo on a second date.
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如同罗密欧的第二次赴约。
00:27
(ugh)
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(啊)
00:29
I was there for the dame.
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我去那是为了那位夫人。
00:32
She had eyes like imaginary numbers
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她有着虚数般难以刻画的眼睛
00:33
and curves that went on forever.
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和一头长长的卷发。
00:36
Said she wanted to go home.
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她说她要回家,
00:38
Said I could help.
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而我可以帮忙,
00:39
Said the pay was good.
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她说会给我很好的报酬,
00:41
Didn't say anything about climbing a...
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并没有提到爬上……
00:43
Voice: "Who's there?"
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声音:“谁?”
00:44
Manny Brot: "Manny Brot, private eye."
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侦探:“曼尼·勃罗特,私家侦探。”
00:47
Voice: "What are you doing here?"
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声音:“你来干什么?”
00:49
"A pretty number sent me to find a stolen dingus."
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侦探:“一个漂亮的数字 差我来找一个失窃的东西。”
00:52
Voice: "Well, to enter the cave,
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声音:“想要进入这个洞穴,
00:54
you must answer my riddles three."
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你必须解出我的三则谜语。”
00:56
What was it with riddles,
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谜语是什么,
00:58
and why do they always come in threes?
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为什么总是三则?我在心里嘀咕。
01:00
"Is it an egg?"
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“是一只蛋吗?”
01:01
"No. Why would it be an egg?"
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“不!怎么会是蛋?”
01:03
"It's usually an egg."
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“答案通常是蛋。”
01:06
"What can I hold in my hand, but has zero area?"
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“什么东西没有面积,但我能握在手里?”
01:11
"Is it a dodo egg?"
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“是渡渡鸟蛋吗?”(渡渡鸟:一种已灭绝不会飞的鸟)
01:12
"It's not an egg!"
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“不是蛋!”
01:13
I took out the rock that had nearly brained me before
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我拿出了那块差点把我开瓢的石头,
01:15
and gave it a hard ponder.
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开始仔细思考。
01:17
The size of the rising bump on my conk
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石头突起的部分有大小。
01:18
said to me that this thing had area,
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这告诉我这个东西有面积,
01:21
and a lot of it.
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还不小。
01:23
But what if I carved out a triangle from this side here?
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但如果我从这条边上把三角形裁开呢?
01:25
As any mook could see,
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谁都能看出,
01:27
this triangle had a quarter of the area of the full triangle.
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这个小三角形的面积是大三角形的四分之一。
01:30
I did the same thing again with each of the smaller triangles.
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我再对每个小三角形做同样的操作。
01:33
Again, a quarter of the remaining area -- gone.
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又一次,剩下面积的四分之一被拿走了。
01:36
And I just kept going.
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我就这样一直操作。
01:38
After an infinite number of cuts,
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在无穷次操作之后,
01:40
I was satisfied that my triangle had zero area.
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我很满意,我的三角形没有面积了。
01:43
A bounded shape with zero area.
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一个被包围的图形,却没有面积。
01:47
Now, it's not often that I surprise myself,
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确实,我不经常惊到我自己,
01:49
but my own two mitts had created something crazy,
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但我自己创造了神奇的、
01:52
and new.
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新颖的东西。
01:54
"Very good. (ahem)
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“很好。(咳)
01:55
Now, show me a shape with finite area,
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现在,给我一个面积有限的图形,
01:58
but an infinitely long perimeter."
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但是周长是无限的。”
02:01
"Let me get this straight.
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“让我说清楚吧。
02:03
If I want to make a snip in the border of this shape,
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如果我在这个图形的边界上去掉一点,
02:05
smooth it out, and lay it on the ground ... "
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抹平它,把他拍在地面上...”
02:07
"It would go on for ... "
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“它就会一直...”
02:08
"Wait 'til I'm through, and then you can talk.
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“等我说完,你才能说话。
02:11
It would go on forever."
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它就会一直延伸下去。”
02:13
"Are you through?"
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“你说完了?”
02:16
"Yeah."
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“说完了。”
02:17
"So show me that shape then."
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“那就给我看看这个图形。”
02:19
Mmm ... I hadn't been this stuck
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嗯...我在1958年的魔方难题之后
02:21
since the Rubik's Cube fiasco of '58.
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就从来没遇到过这样的困难。
02:25
All the shapes I knew had perimeters.
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我知道的所有图形都有周长。
02:26
Circles: 2πr. Triangles: sum of their sides.
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圆的周长是2π乘上半径。三角形的周长是三边的和。
02:30
What's this?
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这是什么?
02:31
An angle.
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一个角。
02:33
An angle from heaven.
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天使般的一个角。
02:35
What if I were to pinch each side, like so.
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我如果把每条边向外拉,像这样。
02:38
A third of the way through, just so.
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把边的三分之一拉起来,就像这样。
02:41
And do it again,
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再做一次,
02:42
and again,
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再做一次,
02:43
and again.
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第三次。
02:45
After each pinch, the perimeter got a third longer
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每次拉,周长都增长三分之一。
02:48
because where there had been three line segments,
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因为原来有三个线段,
02:51
now there were four.
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现在变成了四个。
02:53
As for the area,
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对于面积,
02:54
every pinch made more triangles, that's true.
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的确每拉一次都产生了更多的三角形,
02:57
But those triangles were getting smaller and smaller.
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可是这些三角形却越来越小。
03:00
You could say that the area was converging,
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可以说面积是收敛的。
03:02
approaching a fixed number,
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面积会接近一个固定值。
03:04
while the perimeter was just getting bigger and bigger,
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可是周长的确在变得越来越大,
03:06
uncontrollably ballooning like an overindulgent birthday clown.
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无法控制,就像小丑一样向外膨胀。
03:11
After infinity pinches, flimflam, there it was:
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在无限次向外拉以后,看:
03:15
Finite area, but infinite perimeter.
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有限的面积,无限的周长。
03:19
Now that is a piece of work.
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这就是成果。
03:21
"Oh, you're good. (ahem) Riddle three:
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“哦,你很强。(咳)第三条谜语:
03:24
Show me a picture that if I magnify it under my microscope,
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给我一张图片,如果我用望远镜观察它,
03:27
I'll keep seeing the original picture,
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我仍然能看到原始的图像,
03:29
no matter how much I zoom in."
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不论我把它放大多少倍。”
03:32
"You're a strange little man."
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“你真是个怪人。”
03:34
"Thank you."
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“谢谢。”
03:35
I was out of ideas,
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我没主意了,
03:37
so I looked at my muse, my complex Dora.
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所以我看向我的小本,那位朵拉女士。
03:39
Voice: "Who's the dame?"
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声音:“这位女士是谁?”
03:41
And then it hit me.
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我突然有了主意。
03:42
"She's a heart breaker, my fractal femme fatale.
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“她能让你心碎,我的分形的致命小姐。
03:45
Will she do?"
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她符合吗?”
03:46
"Yes, she'll do just fine."
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“没错,她正好。”
03:50
(lightning)
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(闪电)
03:53
It was dark, and at first I thought the cave was empty,
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天很暗,刚开始我以为山洞是空的,
03:56
but then I noticed: the box.
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但我马上注意到了那个盒子。
04:00
The dame had played me like a triangle.
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女士像玩弄三角形一样玩了我。
04:02
She had told me she wanted to go home.
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她告诉过我她想回家。
04:04
(Lightning)
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(闪电)
04:06
What she really wanted was to bring her home here.
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她想的其实是把她家带来这里。
04:10
The fractals spread everywhere.
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分形散到了各处。
04:11
Most of them the same
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他们大多长得一样,
04:12
no matter how deep you looked at them,
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无论你多么细看它们,
04:14
like Dora's mugshot.
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就像朵拉女士的照片。
04:16
Some had infinitely long perimeters,
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有的图形有无限长的周长,
04:18
others were objects with no area or volume,
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其他的没有面积或者体积,
04:20
all of them created through infinite repetition.
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所有图形都是通过无限的重复动作创造的。
04:24
So, you wanted to know what fractals are?
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所以你想要知道分形是什么吗?
04:28
Well, kid, they're the stuff that dreams are made of.
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孩子,他们是组成梦的东西。
04:30
(Music)
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(音乐)
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