What is dust made of? - Michael Marder

1,063,266 views ・ 2018-05-24

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Minseo Yun κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
"νƒœμ΄ˆμ— 먼지가 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ , μ΅œν›„μ—λ„ 먼지가 μžˆμ„ 것이며,
κ·Έ 사이에도 먼지, 먼지, 먼지가 μžˆλ‹€!" - μΊμ„œλ¦° M. 밸런트
00:06
Meet Dermatophagoides farinae.
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큰닀리 λ¨Όμ§€μ§„λ“œκΈ°λ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚˜λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
00:09
Crawling around on eight legs,
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μ—¬λŸ 개의 λ‹€λ¦¬λ‘œ κΈ°μ–΄ λ‹€λ‹ˆλŠ”
00:11
this creature has no eyes to appreciate the kaleidoscope of colors around her.
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이 생물은 μ£Όλ³€μ˜ λ§Œν™”κ²½ 색상을 감상할 λˆˆμ„ 가지고 μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:16
She relies on her extraordinary sense of smell
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μžμ‹ μ˜ λ†€λΌμš΄ 후각에 μ˜μ‘΄ν•΄μ„œ
00:19
to lead her to food and safe places to lay eggs.
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먹이λ₯Ό μ°Ύκ±°λ‚˜ μ•Œμ„ λ‚³κΈ° μ•ˆμ „ν•œ μž₯μ†Œλ‘œ κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:23
And she’s smaller than a pinhead.
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그리고 κ·Έλ…€λŠ” ν•€ 머리보닀 μž‘μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:27
Dermatophagoides farinae is a dust mite.
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ν°λ‹€λ¦¬λ¨Όμ§€μ§„λ“œκΈ°λŠ” μ§‘λ¨Όμ§€μ§„λ“œκΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
Less than a tenth the size of an ant,
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개미의 10λΆ„μ˜ 1도 μ•ˆ λ˜λŠ” 크기의
00:32
a dust mite’s whole world is contained in the dusty film under a bed
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μ§‘λ¨Όμ§€μ§„λ“œκΈ°μ˜ 온 세상은 μΉ¨λŒ€ λ°‘μ˜ 먼지 μΈ΅μ΄λ‚˜
00:37
or in a forgotten corner.
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μ‹ κ²½ μ•ˆμ“°λŠ” ꡬ석에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:39
This realm is right under our noses, but from our perspective,
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이 μ˜μ—­μ€ 우리 μ½” 밑에 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ 우리의 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ 보면
00:43
the tiny specks of brilliant color blend together into a nondescript grey.
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λ°μ€μƒ‰μ˜ μž‘μ€ 얼룩듀이 ν•œλ° μ„žμ—¬ 별 νŠΉμ§• μ—†λŠ” νšŒμƒ‰μ΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:49
What are these colorful microscopic particles?
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이 ν˜•ν˜•μƒ‰μƒ‰μ˜ λ―Έμ„Έν•œ 쑰각듀은 λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμš”?
00:53
What distinguishes the dust in your house from, say, sand on a beach
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ μ§‘μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” 먼지듀과 ν•΄λ³€μ˜ λͺ¨λž˜λ₯Ό κ΅¬λ³„ν•˜λŠ” 것은
00:57
is that it is a mixture of many different ingredients.
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λ¨Όμ§€λŠ” μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ λ‹€λ₯Έ ꡬ성 μš”μ†Œλ“€μ˜ ν˜Όν•©λ¬Όμ΄λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
It can contain grains of sand,
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이것은 λͺ¨λž˜ μ•Œκ°±μ΄λ₯Ό ν¬ν•¨ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
01:03
dead skin cells,
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각질
01:04
tiny hairs and threads,
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μž‘μ€ 머리카락과 μ‹€
01:06
animal dander,
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λ™λ¬Όμ˜ 비듬
01:07
pollen,
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꽃가루
01:08
manmade pollutants,
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인곡적인 μ˜€μ—Ό 물질
01:09
minerals from outer space,
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μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ 온 κ΄‘λ¬Όλ“€
01:11
and, of course, dust mites.
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그리고 λ¬Όλ‘ , μ§‘λ¨Όμ§€μ§„λ“œκΈ°λ„μš”.
01:14
Dust mites eat animal dander,
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μ§‘λ¨Όμ§€μ§„λ“œκΈ°λŠ” λ™λ¬Όμ˜ λΉ„λ“¬μ΄λ‚˜
01:16
human skin,
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μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ ν”ΌλΆ€λ‚˜
01:17
and some fungi.
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그리고 일뢀 곰팑이λ₯Ό λ¨ΉμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
We shed dead skin cells constantly,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ κ°μ§ˆμ„ ν˜λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:21
and wherever we live, they mix into the household dust.
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 어디에 살든지, 그것듀은 μ§‘μ•ˆμ˜ λ¨Όμ§€λ‘œ μ„žμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:25
The same goes for our pets:
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동물듀도 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:27
their dander and hairs enter the mix,
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 비듬과 털듀도 이 ν˜Όν•©λ¬Όμ— ν¬ν•¨λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
as do tiny pieces of thread and cotton fibers from our clothes.
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μ˜·μ—μ„œ 떨어진 쑰그만 μ‹€ 쑰각과 λ©΄μ„¬μœ λ„ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
These components make every household’s dust
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μš”μ†Œλ“€μ€ λͺ¨λ“  κ°€μ •μ˜ 먼지λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:38
a unique blend of bits from its particular inhabitants.
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그곳의 νŠΉμ • 거주자의 쑰각으둜 된 λ…νŠΉν•œ 쑰합이죠.
01:42
Household dust also contains substances that blow in from the wider world.
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κ°€μ •μ˜ λ¨Όμ§€λŠ” 더 넓은 κ³΅κ°„μ—μ„œ λ‚ μ•„μ˜¨ λ¬Όμ§ˆλ„ ν¬ν•¨ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:47
Depending on the local geology,
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μ§€μ—­μ˜ μ§€μ§ˆμ— λ”°λΌμ„œ
01:49
finely ground quartz, coal, or volcanic ash
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고운 κ°€λ£¨λ‘œ 된 μ„μ˜, 석탄, λ˜λŠ” ν™”μ‚°μž¬κ°€
01:53
might enter the air as atmospheric dust,
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λŒ€κΈ°μ˜ λ¨Όμ§€λ‘œ 곡기 쀑에 λ“€μ–΄μ˜¬ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:56
along with pollen and fungal spores.
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꽃가루와 곰팑이 ν¬μžμ™€ ν•¨κ»˜μš”.
01:59
Industrial activities also contribute cement powder,
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μ‚°μ—… ν™œλ™μ€ μ‹œλ©˜νŠΈ κ°€λ£¨λ“€μ΄λ‚˜
02:03
particles from car tires,
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μžλ™μ°¨ λ°”ν€΄μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜¨ 쑰각
02:04
and other chemicals to the airborne mix.
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그리고 λ‹€λ₯Έ ν™”ν•™ λ¬Όμ§ˆλ“€μ„ 곡기 쀑 ν˜Όν•©λ¬Όμ— μ œκ³΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
The combination of these elements can be as unique as a fingerprint.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μš”μ†Œλ“€μ˜ 쑰합은 μ§€λ¬Έμ²˜λŸΌ μœ μΌλ¬΄μ΄ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
In Spain, where the land is rich in carbonate materials,
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탄산 물질이 ν’λΆ€ν•œ 슀페인의 λ¨Όμ§€λŠ”
02:15
dust contains 20 times as much calcium as dust in Nigeria,
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λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„μ˜ 먼지에 비ꡐ해 20λ°°λ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ μΉΌμŠ˜μ„ ν¬ν•¨ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
where the geology is quite different.
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μ§€μ§ˆμ΄ μ™„μ „νžˆ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ³³μž„μ—λ„μš”.
02:22
After a particularly violent storm,
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μ‹¬ν•œ 폭풍이 μΌμ–΄λ‚œ 후에
02:24
scientists identified dust from the Sahara Desert
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κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ€ μ‚¬ν•˜λΌ μ‚¬λ§‰μ˜ 먼지λ₯Ό
02:27
thousands of miles away in London,
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수천 마일 떨어진 λŸ°λ˜μ—μ„œ ν™•μΈν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:31
based on its specific composition.
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κ·Έ λ¨Όμ§€μ˜ νŠΉμ •ν•œ 성뢄에 κΈ°μ΄ˆν•΄μ„œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:33
In the future,
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λ―Έλž˜μ—
02:34
we may be able to pinpoint the origins of dust samples even more specifically,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 먼지 ν‘œλ³Έμ˜ 기원을 더 λΆ„λͺ…ν•˜κ³  μ •ν™•νžˆ μ°Ύμ•„λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
down to a particular neighborhood or even house -
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νŠΉμ •ν•œ μ΄μ›ƒμ΄λ‚˜, μ‹¬μ§€μ–΄λŠ” μ§‘κΉŒμ§€λ„μš”.
02:43
something that may be of great help for forensic specialists.
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이런 것듀은 κ³Όν•™ μˆ˜μ‚¬ μ „λ¬Έκ°€λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 도움이 될 수 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:48
In addition to markers of humans, animals, and landscapes,
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μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λ‚˜, 동물과 ν’κ²½μ˜ νŠΉμ§• 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
02:52
dust also contains particles from further afield.
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λ¨Όμ§€λŠ” 더 λ¨Ό κ³³λ“€μ˜ μž…μžλ„ ν¬ν•¨ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
When a star explodes in a distant galaxy,
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λ¨Ό μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ 별이 ν­λ°œν•  λ•Œ
02:59
super hot gases vaporize everything nearby.
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μ•„μ£Ό 뜨거운 κ°€μŠ€κ°€ μ£Όλ³€μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  것듀을 μ¦λ°œμ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:04
Then, the dust settles; minerals condense out of the gas.
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그리고 먼지가 κ°€λΌμ•‰μœΌλ©΄, κ°€μŠ€μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜¨ 광물이 μ‘μΆ•λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
Floating out there between planets and galaxies,
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ν–‰μ„±λ“€κ³Ό μ€ν•˜λ“€ 사이λ₯Ό λ– λ‹€λ‹ˆλ©΄μ„œ
03:12
this extraterrestrial dust contains tiny pieces of extinguished stars
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이 외계 λ¨Όμ§€λŠ” 사라진 λ³„μ˜ μž‘μ€ μ‘°κ°μ΄λ‚˜
03:18
and the building blocks of future celestial bodies.
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미래의 천체λ₯Ό ꡬ성할 블둝듀을 ν¬ν•¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:22
Every year, tens of thousands of tons of cosmic dust
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맀년 수만 ν†€μ˜ 우주 먼지가
03:26
lands on Earth and mingles with terrestrial minerals.
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지ꡬ에 λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ μ§€κ΅¬μ˜ κ΄‘λ¬Όλ“€κ³Ό μ„žμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
This blend of chemicals, minerals, and intergalactic particles
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이 ν™”ν•™λ¬Όμ§ˆκ³Ό κ΄‘λ¬Όλ“€, μ€ν•˜ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ μž…μžλ“€μ˜ ν˜Όν•©λ¬Όμ€
03:34
settles out of the air onto surfaces in our homes,
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곡기 μ€‘μ—μ„œ 우리 집 ν‘œλ©΄μ— μ•ˆμ°©ν•΄
03:38
mixing with the detritus of each house’s occupants.
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각 μ§‘μ˜ κ±°μ£Όμžλ“€μ˜ μ“°λ ˆκΈ°μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ μ„žμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:41
Stars explode,
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별이 ν­λ°œν•˜κ³ 
03:43
mountains erode,
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산이 ν’ν™”λ˜κ³ 
03:44
and buildings, plants, and animals
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건물, 식물과 동물듀은
03:46
are all slowly but surely pulverized into fine grey powder.
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천천히 μ§„ν–‰λ˜μ§€λ§Œ, λͺ¨λ‘ ν™•μ‹€νžˆ 고운 νšŒμƒ‰ 가루가 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
We’re all destined to become dust,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ 먼지가 될 운λͺ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:54
but it’s also possible that we came from it.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ·Έκ²ƒμ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ™”μ„ κ°€λŠ₯성도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
Interstellar dust has been found to carry organic compounds through space.
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μ„±κ°„ λ¨Όμ§€λŠ” μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ 유기 화합물을 μš΄λ°˜ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ°ν˜€μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:03
It’s possible that billions of years ago,
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μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ μˆ˜μ‹­μ–΅ λ…„ 전에
04:06
some of these cosmic particles were the seed of life
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이 우주 μž…μžλŠ” 우리의 μž‘κ³  ν‘Έλ₯Έ ν–‰μ„±μ˜
04:09
on our little blue planet.
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생λͺ…μ˜ μ”¨μ•—μ΄μ—ˆμ„μ§€λ„ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
TED-Ed의 Patreon νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— λ°©λ¬Έν•˜μ‹  적 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
λͺ¨λ“  κΈ°λΆ€κΈˆμ€ 우리의 λΉ„μ˜λ¦¬μ‚¬μ—…μ„ μ§€μ›ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
그리고 μ•„μ£Ό 멋진 νŠΉμ „μ΄ μ œκ³΅λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
TEDx μƒ΅μ—μ„œμ˜ 할인을 포함해
우리 κ°•μ˜μ—μ„œμ˜ 멋진 그림의 μ „μš© 디지털 λ‹€μš΄λ‘œλ“œ
그리고 기타 등등이죠.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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