Why do you want to squeeze cute things? - Joshua Paul Dale

1,168,129 views ใƒป 2023-01-03

TED-Ed


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚

็ฟป่จณ: Mao Kamata ๆ กๆญฃ: Natsuki Kominami
00:07
Watching a kitten fumbling around,
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ๅญ็ŒซใŒใ”ใใ”ใใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆง˜ๅญใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ
00:10
it might feel as if youโ€™ve never encountered anything
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ใ“ใ‚Œใปใฉ็ ดๆป…็š„ใซๆ„›ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใซ
00:14
so devastatingly adorable in your mortal life.
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ไบบ็”Ÿใงๅ‡บไผšใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใชใ„ ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„
00:19
You may want to pet its soft fur and kiss its tiny head.
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ๆŸ”ใ‚‰ใ‹ใ„ๆฏ›ใ‚’ๆ’ซใงใฆ ใใฎๅฐใ•ใช้ ญใซ ใ‚ญใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใŸใใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„
00:25
But you may also feel the conflicting urge to squeeze
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ใใ‚ŒใจๅŒๆ™‚ใซ ๅญ็Œซใ‚’ใŽใ‚…ใฃใจๆŠฑใใ—ใ‚ใŸใ„ ๆฝฐใ—ใฆใ—ใพใ„ใŸใ„
00:31
or smush the kitten,
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใใฏๅฃใซใ„ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ„ใŸใ„ ใจใ„ใ†
00:33
maybe even stuff it in your mouth.
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็Ÿ›็›พใ—ใŸ่กๅ‹•ใซ้ง†ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
00:36
However, you donโ€™t.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ
00:38
And you might be appalled by yourself.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใซ ๅ‘†ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
00:40
But this urge, which psychologists call โ€œcute aggression,โ€
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ใ—ใ‹ใ— ๅฟƒ็†ๅญฆ่€…ใŒใ€Œใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ๆ”ปๆ’ƒๆ€งใ€ ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใฎ่กๅ‹•ใฏ
00:45
is a surprisingly common one estimated to affect about half of all adults.
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ๆˆไบบใฎ็ด„ๅŠๆ•ฐใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅŠใผใ™ใจๆŽจๅฎšใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใปใฉ ๆ„ๅค–ใจใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใงใ™
00:52
To better understand this peculiar phenomenon,
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ใ“ใฎ็‰น็•ฐใช็พ่ฑกใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆทฑใ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ
00:55
let's start with what cuteness is.
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ใพใš ใ€Œใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ•ใ€ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‰ ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
00:58
In 1943, one scientist created a baby schema
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1943ๅนด ใ‚ใ‚‹็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใŒ ใ€Œ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒผใƒžใ€ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—
01:03
that identified key features associated with cuteness,
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ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ•ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ ไธป่ฆใช็‰นๅพดใ‚’็‰นๅฎšใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
01:06
like plump cheeks, large eyes, and short limbs.
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ใตใฃใใ‚‰ใจใ—ใŸ้ ฌ ๅคงใใช็›ฎ ็Ÿญใ„ๆ‰‹่ถณใชใฉใงใ™
01:11
These characteristics, associated with many young animals,
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ๅคšใใฎๅ‹•็‰ฉใฎๅญใŒๆŒใค ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„็‰นๅพดใฏ
01:15
were placed in opposition with those perceived as less cute.
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ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใใชใ„ใจใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็‰นๅพดใจ ๅฏพ็ฝฎใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ—ใŸ
01:20
Decades of study have since indicated that this baby schema reliably tracks
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ใใฎๅพŒใฎๆ•ฐๅๅนดใซใ‚ใŸใ‚‹็ ”็ฉถใฏ ใ“ใฎใ€Œ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒผใƒžใ€ใŒ็ขบๅฎŸใซ
01:25
with how people perceive cuteness.
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ไบบใ€…ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ•ใฎๆ„Ÿใ˜ๆ–นใจ ไธ€่‡ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
01:28
When study participants see images containing more features
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ใ€Œ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒผใƒžใ€ใŒ็คบใ™ ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ•ใฎ็‰นๅพดใ‚’ๆŒใค
01:31
that the baby schema pinpoints as cute,
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็”ปๅƒใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸ่ขซ้จ“่€…ใŸใกใฏ
01:34
they tend to look at them longer and more often.
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ใใฎ็”ปๅƒใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ ป็นใซ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
01:38
And the photos appear to stimulate brain regions
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ใใ—ใฆ ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็”ปๅƒใฏ
01:41
associated with emotion and reward.
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ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚„ๅ ฑ้…ฌใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ ่„ณใฎ้ ˜ๅŸŸใŒๅˆบๆฟ€ใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใชใฎใงใ™
01:45
Cuteness is also thought to influence behavior.
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ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ•ใฏ่กŒๅ‹•ใซใ‚‚ ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
01:49
In a 2009 study, participants performed better at the game Operationโ€”
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2009ๅนดใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸ็ ”็ฉถใงใฏ ไบ‹ๅ‰ใซใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„็”ปๅƒใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใจ
01:53
which demands precise, careful movementsโ€” when shown cute images beforehand.
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ๆญฃ็ขบใ•ใจๆ…Ž้‡ใ•ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใ€Œใ‚ชใƒšใƒฌใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€ ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใฎๅ‚ๅŠ ่€…ใฎๆˆ็ธพใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
02:00
The results of another study indicated that people use recycling bins more
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ใพใŸๅˆฅใฎ่ชฟๆŸปใงใฏ ใƒชใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚ฏใƒซ็”จใฎใ‚ดใƒŸ็ฎฑใซ ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„็ตตใŒๆใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ
02:04
when they have cute images on them.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ ๅˆฉ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†็ตๆžœใ‚‚ๅ‡บใฆใ„ใพใ™
02:07
And the fact that cuteness hijacks our emotions
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ใใ—ใฆ ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ•ใŒๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’ ใƒใ‚คใ‚ธใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใฏ
02:10
is certainly not lost on authorities and advertisers.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ ่กŒๆ”ฟใ‚„ๅบƒๅ‘Šใจ ็„ก็ธใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
02:15
But why does cuteness have this hold on us?
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใชใœ ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ•ใฏ็งใŸใกใ‚’ ๆƒนใใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
02:18
It's nearly impossible to know for sure,
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็ขบๅฎŸใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ ใปใผไธๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใŒ
02:20
but one theory is that cute things simply make us want to nurture them.
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ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฏๅ˜็ด”ใซ ไธ–่ฉฑใ—ใŸใใชใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
02:26
Because human babies are relatively helpless on their own,
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ไบบ้–“ใฎ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใฏ ไธ€ไบบใงใฏๆฏ”่ผƒ็š„็„กๅŠ›ใฎใŸใ‚
02:29
itโ€™s hypothesized that evolution favored infants who were perceived as cute
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ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใŒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎไธ–่ฉฑใจไบคๆตใ‚’ไฟƒ้€ฒใ—
02:34
and inspired more care and interaction.
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้€ฒๅŒ–ใซใŠใ„ใฆๆœ‰ๅˆฉใ ใฃใŸ ใจใ„ใ†ไปฎ่ชฌใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
02:38
And, being acutely sensitive to cuteness,
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ใใ—ใฆ ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ•ใซ้‹ญๆ•ใซใชใ‚‹ใจ
02:42
we're tuned into similar features in other species.
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็งใŸใกใฏไป–ใฎ็จฎใฎ้กžไผผใ—ใŸ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซ ๆณจ็›ฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
02:45
In fact, as we domesticated animals, their appearances tended to change too.
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ๅฎŸ้š› ๅ‹•็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃผใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ™้Ž็จ‹ใง ใใฎๅฎนๅงฟใ‚‚ๅค‰ใ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใๅ‚พๅ‘ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
02:51
Some scientists have noted a phenomenon called โ€œdomestication syndrome,โ€
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ๅ‹•็‰ฉใŒๅพ“้ †ใซใชใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆ
02:56
where certain animals appear to have gradually adopted more juvenile features
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ใ ใ‚“ใ ใ‚“ๅนผใ„็‰นๅพดใ‚’ๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ„ใ ใ€Œๅฎถ็•œๅŒ–็—‡ๅ€™็พคใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹็พ่ฑกใ‚’
03:01
as they became more docile.
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ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ™ใ‚‹็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™
03:04
One theory is that these physical changes are regulated
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ใพใŸ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็‰ฉ็†็š„ใชๅค‰ๅŒ–ใฏ ็ฅž็ตŒๅ คใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹่ƒšใฎๆง‹้€ ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ
03:08
by an embryonic structure called the neural crest.
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ๅˆถๅพกใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†่ชฌใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
03:12
It helps determine how some of a developing embryoโ€™s cells
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็ฅž็ตŒๅ คใฏ ็™บ็”Ÿไธญใฎ่ƒšใฎ็ดฐ่ƒžใŒ ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅˆ†ๅŒ–ใ—
03:15
differentiate and where they go.
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ใฉใ“ใธ่กŒใใ‹ใ‚’ๆฑบๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹ๅฝนๅ‰ฒใ‚’ ๆ‹…ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
03:18
Delaying or inhibiting the arrival of these cells in certain areas of the body
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็ดฐ่ƒžใŒไฝ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ้ƒจไฝใซๅˆฐ้”ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ ้…ใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใ‚Š ้˜ปๅฎณใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจ
03:23
can result in an underdevelopment of the pituitary and adrenal glands,
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ๆๆ€–ใ‚„ๆ”ปๆ’ƒๆ€งใ‚’ๅธใ‚‹ไธ‹ๅž‚ไฝ“ใ‚„ๅ‰ฏ่…ŽใŒ
03:28
which govern fear and aggression.
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ๆœช็™บ้”ใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
03:31
It can also lead to physical characteristics
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ใพใŸ ่€ณใŒๅž‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Š ้ผปใŒ็ŸญใใชใฃใŸใ‚Š
03:34
like floppier ears, shorter snouts, and smaller jaws.
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ใ‚ใ”ใŒๅฐใ•ใใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใจ ่บซไฝ“็š„ใช็‰นๅพดใซใ‚‚็น‹ใŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™
03:39
This is one idea of how selecting for behavioral characteristics
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ฆชใ—ใฟใ‚„ใ™ใ•ใชใฉ ่กŒๅ‹•็‰นๆ€งใฎ้ธๆŠžใŒ
03:43
like friendliness, may also select for more juvenile, cuter physical traits.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅนผใ ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„่บซไฝ“็š„็‰นๅพดใฎ้ธๆŠžใซใชใ‚‹ ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ† ไธ€ใคใฎ่€ƒใˆๆ–นใจใชใ‚Šใพใ™
03:50
Basically, as humans bred and domesticated docile dogs,
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ไบบ้–“ใŒๅพ“้ †ใช็Šฌใ‚’็นๆฎ–ใ•ใ› ้ฃผใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใไธญใง
03:55
we seem to have made some breeds look more like babies.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ“็จฎใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅนผใ ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™
04:00
Some scientists theorize that we may have even domesticated ourselves.
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็งใŸใกใฏไบบ้–“่‡ช่บซใ‚’ใ‚‚ ๅฎถ็•œๅŒ–ใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ†็†่ซ–ใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใ‚‹็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™
04:06
The thinking here is that as ancient humans
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ใคใพใ‚Š ๅคไปฃไบบใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคงใใช้›†ๅ›ฃใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ—
04:09
formed larger, more cooperative groups,
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅ”ๅŠ›็š„ใซใชใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆ
04:11
they selected for friendlier individuals.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅ‹ๅฅฝ็š„ใชๅ€‹ไฝ“ใŒ้ธๆŠžใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™
04:15
This may have then led to some of the physical characteristics
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ใใฎ็ตๆžœ ้ ญ่“‹้ชจใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅฐใ•ใไธธใฟใ‚’ๅธฏใณ
04:18
that distinguish us from our closest evolutionary cousins,
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็œผ็ชฉไธŠ้š†่ตทใŒ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใŸใชใใชใ‚‹ใชใฉ ้€ฒๅŒ–ไธŠๆœ€ใ‚‚่ฟ‘ใ„็จฎใจ
04:21
like smaller, rounder skulls and subtler brow ridges.
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็งใŸใกไบบ้–“ใ‚’ๅŒบๅˆฅใ™ใ‚‹่บซไฝ“็š„็‰นๅพดใซ ็น‹ใŒใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
04:26
But if cuteness is related to nurturing and decreased aggression,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ— ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ•ใŒๅญ่‚ฒใฆใ‚„ ๆ”ปๆ’ƒๆ€งใฎไฝŽไธ‹ใจ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰
04:32
why would anyone ever want to squeeze or bite cute things?
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ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใใคใๆŠฑใใ—ใ‚ใŸใ‚Š ๅ™›ใฟใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
04:38
Well, cute aggression is importantly not linked
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้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใซ ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ๆ”ปๆ’ƒๆ€งใฏ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅฑๅฎณใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ›ณใจใฏ
04:42
to the actual intention to do harm.
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้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใชใ„ใฎใงใ™
04:44
Instead, it seems to result from emotional overload.
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ใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใช้Ž่ฒ ่ทใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใ ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™
04:49
Some scientists think that cute things elicit such positive emotions
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ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฏ ็›ธๅฝ“ใชใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ใŸใ‚
04:54
from certain people that the experience becomes overwhelming.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎไบบใซใจใฃใฆใฏ ้Žๅบฆใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™
04:59
They hypothesize that slightly aggressive, discordant thoughts
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใง็Ÿ›็›พใ—ใŸๆ€่€ƒใฏ
05:03
are the brainโ€™s way of putting the brakes on and regulating those intense feelingsโ€”
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่„ณใŒใƒ–ใƒฌใƒผใ‚ญใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ ๆฟ€ใ—ใ„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’่ชฟๆ•ดใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
05:09
not getting you to actually eat a kitten.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅญ็Œซใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใฏใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ ใจใ„ใ†ไปฎ่ชฌใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใฆใ„ใพใ™
05:13
Cuteness can come off as a frivolous, innocent quality,
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ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ•ใฏ ่ปฝ่–„ใง็„ก้‚ชๆฐ—ใช็ด ่ณชใ ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŒใกใงใ™ใŒ
05:17
but it wields immense, consequential power.
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็ตถๅคงใชๅฝฑ้ŸฟๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅŠใผใ—ใพใ™
05:22
Not to be aggressive, but cuteness kind of runs the world.
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ๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ•ใจใฏ ไธ–็•Œใ‚’ๅ‹•ใ‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใญ
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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