Mysteries of vernacular: Keister - Jessica Oreck and Rachael Teel

38,815 views ใƒป 2013-08-09

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Ido Dekkers ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Sigal Tifferet
00:06
Mysteries of vernacular:
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ืžืกืชืจื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืžื™:
00:09
Keister,
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ืงื™ืกื˜ืจ,
00:10
a person's buttocks.
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ื™ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื.
00:12
Though the modern meaning of keister
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื™ืกื˜ืจ
00:14
refers somewhat indecorously
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ืžืชื™ื—ืกืช ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืฆื—ื•ืง
00:17
to a person's behind,
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ืœืื—ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื“ื,
00:19
the word's history does not begin with the rear end.
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ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ืœื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืขื ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™.
00:22
Instead, it can be traced back
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื”
00:24
to the Proto-Indo-European kista,
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ืœืงื™ืกื˜ื” ื”ืคืจื•ื˜ื• ื”ื•ื“ื•-ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™ืช,
00:27
which described a woven container.
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ืฉืžืชืืจืช ืžื™ื›ืœ ืืจื•ื’.
00:31
Kista influenced the creation of words
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ืงื™ืกื˜ื” ื”ืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื
00:33
like the Greek kiste,
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ื›ืžื• ืงื™ืกื˜ื” ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช,
00:35
meaning basket or box,
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ืฉืžืฉืžืขื” ืกืœ ืื• ืงื•ืคืกื”,
00:37
and later, the Latin cista,
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ื•ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืกื™ืกื˜ื” ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช,
00:40
which meant box or chest.
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ืฉืžืฉืžืขื” ืงื•ืคืกื” ืื• ืืจื’ื–.
00:43
In proto-Germanic, a sturdy, box-like container
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ื‘ืคืจื•ื˜ื• ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช, ืžื™ื›ืœ ืงืฉื•ื— ื“ืžื•ื™ ืงื•ืคืกื”
00:46
was described by the word kista,
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ืชื•ืืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ืงื™ืกื˜ื”,
00:49
which eventually gave us chest in English.
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ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืชื ื” ืœื ื• ืืช ืฆ'ืกื˜ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
00:53
For every locked chest,
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ืœื›ืœ ืืจื’ื– ื ืขื•ืœ,
00:54
there is both a key and a lock pick,
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ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืžืคืชื— ื•ื’ื ืคื•ืจืฅ,
00:57
and the history of keister
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ื•ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ืกื˜ืจ
00:59
draws us into this world of petty crime
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ืœื•ืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืงืœ ื”ื–ื”
01:02
and speculative etymology.
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ื•ืื˜ื™ืžื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืื˜ื™ืžื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช.
01:04
Keister may have come from the British dialect kist,
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ืงื™ืกื˜ืจ ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืžื”ื ื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ืงื™ืกื˜,
01:08
which was the northern form of chest.
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ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฆ'ืกื˜.
01:11
In the underworld jargon of the late 1800s,
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ื‘ื–'ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื”ื™ ื”ืžืื” ื”17,
01:14
it referred to a burgler's tool kit that can be locked,
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื›ืœื™ ืคื•ืจืฆื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ืขื•ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ,
01:19
and by the early 20th century,
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ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžืื” ื” 20,
01:21
it meant safe or strong box.
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ืžืฉืžืขื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืกืคืช ืื• ืงื•ืคืกื” ืžื—ื•ื–ืงืช.
01:25
Numerous theories about keister's connection
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ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืกืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืงื™ืกื˜ืจ
01:27
to the buttocks abound,
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ืœืื—ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืŸ ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช,
01:29
one being, that is courtesy of the slang sense,
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ื•ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ, ืฉื”ื•ื ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืœืื ื’,
01:33
used by pick-pockets to describe
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ื™ื™ืกื™ื ืœืชืืจ
01:35
the treasure of a rear trouser pocket.
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ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ื™ืก ื”ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™.
01:38
Unfortunately, what isn't safe in your kist
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ืœืฆืขืจื ื•, ืžื” ืฉืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืงื™ืกื˜ ืฉืœื›ื
01:42
may not be safe near your keister either.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื’ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืื—ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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