Activism needs introverts | Sarah Corbett

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Marssi Draw

A few years ago, about seven years ago,

幾年前，大約七年前，

I found myself hiding in a festival toilet,

我躲在一個節慶現場的廁所中，

a music festival toilet,

一個音樂節活動現場的廁所，

and if anyone's been to a music festival,

如果你有去過音樂節，

yeah, you'll know that by the third day,

是的，你就會知道，到了第三天，

it's pretty nasty.

廁所很噁心。

I was standing in the toilet because I couldn't even sit down,

我站在廁所裡， 因為我甚至無法坐下，

because the toilet roll had run out,

因為已經沒有捲筒衛生紙了，

there was mud everywhere,

到處都是泥巴，

and it smelled pretty bad.

氣味非常難聞。

And I stood there thinking,

我站在那裡，心想：

"What am I doing? I don't even need the toilet."

「我在幹嘛？ 我根本不想上廁所。」

But the reason I went

但我去廁所的理由

was because I was volunteering for a large charity on climate justice,

是因為我自願參與一個 關於氣候公義的大型慈善活動，

and it was seven years ago,

那是七年前，

when lots of people didn't believe in climate change,

那時很多人不相信氣候變遷，

people were very cynical about activism,

人們對於行動主義冷嘲熱諷，

and my role, with all of my teammates,

而我和我的隊友的角色，

was to get people to sign petitions on climate justice

是要讓大家簽氣候公義的請願書，

and educate them a bit more about the issue.

並教育他們，讓他們了解這個議題。

And I cared deeply about climate change and lots of inequality,

我非常在乎氣候變遷 以及許多不平等之事，

so I'd go and I'd talk to lots of people,

所以我去和很多人交談，

which made me nervous and drained me of energy,

那讓我很緊張，耗盡我的精力，

but I did it because I cared,

但我還是因為在乎而去做了，

but I would hide in the toilets, because I'd be exhausted,

但我會躲在廁所裡， 是因為我累壞了，

and I didn't want my teammates doubting my commitment to the cause,

我不希望我的隊友 懷疑我對理想的承諾，

thinking that I was slacking.

覺得我在偷懶。

And we'd go and meet at the end of our shift,

我們會在輪班時段結束時碰面，

and we'd count how many petitions had been signed,

然後計算簽了多少份請願書，

and often I'd win the amount of petitions signed

通常我取得的簽名請願書都最多，

even though I had my little breaks in the toilet.

雖然我有在廁所中小歇。

But I was always very jealous of the other activists,

但我總是非常嫉妒其他行動主義者，

because either they had the same amount of energy

因為從輪班時段開始， 請大家簽請願書，

as they had when they began the shift of getting people to sign petitions,

一直到輪班時段結束， 他們的精力都不變。

or often they had more energy,

甚至有人的精力還更旺盛了，

and they'd be really excited about going to watch the bands in the evening

他們會很興奮地去看晚上的樂團演出

and having a dance.

並跳跳舞。

And even if I loved the bands,

就算我喜歡那些樂團，

all I wanted to do was to go back to my tent and have a sleep,

我想做的也只有回到帳篷倒頭大睡，

because I'd just feel completely wiped out,

因為我完全精疲力竭了，

and I was really jealous of people that had the energy

我很嫉妒有那種有精力

to go and party hard at the festivals.

去節慶狂歡的人。

But it also made me really angry, as well, inside.

而我內心也感到很憤怒，

I thought, "This isn't fair, I'm an introvert,

我心想：「這不公平， 我是內向的人，

and all of the offline campaigning seems to be favoring extroverts."

所有的非線上活動 似乎都偏袒外向的人。」

I would go on marches which drained me.

我會去讓我覺得很累的遊行。

That was the other option.

那是另一個選項。

Or I'd go and join campaigns outside embassies or shops.

或是我會去參與 大使館外或商店外的活動。

The only thing that was on offer was around lots of people,

唯一提供的，就是一堆人，

it was very loud activism,

那是很大聲且招搖的行動主義，

it always involved lots of people, it was performing.

總是會涉及很多人，這也是種表演。

None of it was for introverts,

沒有什麼是適合內向者的，

and I not only thought that that wasn't fair,

我不僅僅覺得那很不公平，

because a third to a half of the world's population are introverts,

因為世界上有三分之一 到二分之一的人是內向的人，

which isn't fair on them, because we burn out,

對他們不公平， 因為我們若不是筋疲力竭，

or we'd be put off by activism and not do it,

不然就是對行動主義冷感 而不想去做，

and everyone needs to be an activist in this world.

而在這個世界上每個人 都需要成為行動主義者。

And also, I didn't think it was particularly clever,

此外，雖然我不覺得這點特別聰明，

but I could see that a lot of the activism that worked

但我可以看到，許多成功的行動主義

wasn't only extrovert activism.

都不只是外向的行動主義。

It wasn't only the loud stuff.

不只是很大聲很招搖的。

It wasn't about people performing all the time.

重點並不是要人們總是在表演。

A lot of the work that was needed was in the background,

很多必要的功夫都在背後，

was hidden, wasn't seen.

是隱藏的、沒被看見的。

And when I ended up just being a campaigner,

當我最後成為一個從事社會運動者，

because it's the only job I can do, really --

因為其實那是我唯一能做的工作──

I was campaigning at university,

我大學時就在從事社會運動，

and for the last 10 years, I've been a professional campaigner

過去十年來，我的職業一直是在做

for large charities,

大型慈善運動，

and now I'm a creative campaigner consultant for different charities

現在我在不同慈善團體 以及我其他工作中擔任

as well as other work I do --

社會運動創意顧問──

but I knew that there were other forms of activism that were needed.

但我知道還需要有 其他形式的行動主義。

I started tinkering about seven years ago

大約七年前，我開始瞎忙，

to see what quieter forms of activism I could engage with

想了解我能參與哪些 比較安靜式的行動主義，

so I didn't burn out as an activist,

才不會覺得當行動主義者很累人，

but also to look at some of the issues I was concerned about in campaigning.

且能去探究在做社會運動時 我會在乎的那些議題。

我非常幸運，當我為樂施會 及其他大型慈善團體工作時，

I was very lucky that, when I worked for Oxfam and other big charities,

I could read lots of big reports

我可以閱讀許多大型報告，

on what influenced politicians and businesses

內容是關於什麼會影響政客、企業、

and the general public,

一般大眾，

what campaigns worked really well, which ones didn't.

什麼運動非常成功、 什麼沒有用等等。

And I'm a bit of a geek, so I look at all of that stuff,

我算是個怪胎， 所以我會看所有這些東西，

and I wanted to tinker around

我喜歡什麼都試試，

to see how I could engage people in social change in a different way,

看我能如何用不同的方式 讓人們去參與社會變遷，

because I think if we want the world to be more beautiful, kind and just,

因為我認為如果我想要 讓世界更美麗、仁慈、公正，

then our activism should be beautiful, kind and just,

那麼我們的行動主義就應該 是美麗、仁慈、公正的，

and often it's not.

但通常卻不是。

And today, I just want to talk about three ways

今天，我只想要談我認為行動主義

that I think activism needs introverts.

需要內向者的三個原因。

I think there's lot of other ways, but I'm just going to talk about three.

我認為有許多原因， 但我只想談其中三個。

And the first one is: activism is often very quick,

第一，行動主義通常很快速，

and it's about doing,

它的重點是去做，

so extroverts, often their immediate response to injustice is,

通常外向者對於 不公平的立即反應就是，

we've got to do stuff now,

我們現在就得行動，

we've got to react really quickly --

我們得要非常快速地因應──

and yes, we do need to react,

是的，我們的確需要因應，

but we need to be strategic in our campaigning,

但我們在從事社會運動時 得要有策略，

and if we just act on anger,

如果只因為憤怒就行動，

often we do the wrong things.

通常我們會做錯事。

I use craft, like needlework --

我會用手工藝，像縫紉──

like this guy behind me is doing --

就像我身後這個人在做的──

as a way to not only slow down those extrovert doers,

來當作讓那些外向者 緩下來的一種方式，

but also to bring in nervous, quiet introverts into activism.

同時也可以把緊張、安靜的 內向者帶入行動主義。

By doing repetitive actions,

透過進行重覆性的動作，

like handicraft, you can't do it fast, you have to do it slowly.

比如手工藝，你不能做很快， 你得要慢慢做。

And those repetitive stitches

重覆的一針又一針，

help you meditate on the big, complex, messy social change issues

能協助你去調解大型、複雜、 混亂的社會變遷議題，

and figure out what we can do

並想出我們身為

as a citizen, as a consumer, as a constituent,

公民、消費者、選民等等角色時，

and all of those different things.

能做的是什麼。

It helps you think critically while you're stitching away,

它能協助你一邊縫紉 一邊做批判性思考，

and it helps you be more mindful of what are your motives.

它也能協助你更留心你的動機。

Are you that Barbie aid worker that was mentioned before?

你是先前提到的芭比 人道救助人員嗎？

Are you about joining people in solidarity,

你是否即將要加入人們，團結一心，

or do you want to be the savior, which often isn't very ethical?

還是你想要當 通常不太道德的救星？

But doing needle work together, as well,

但一起做縫紉，也能夠讓

extroverts and introverts and ambivert --

外向者、內向者、外向又內向者──

everyone's on the scale in different places --

來自光譜上任何一個區段的人──

because it's a quiet, slow form of activism,

因為它是行動主義的 一種安靜緩慢的形式，

it really helps introverts be heard

它真的能協助內向者，

in other areas, where they are often not heard.

在通常聽不見他們聲音的 領域中被聽見。

It sounds odd,

這聽起來很奇怪，

but while you're stitching, you don't need eye contact with people.

但當你在縫紉時，你不需要 和別人做眼神接觸。

So, for nervous introverts,

所以，對於緊張的內向者而言，

it means that you can stitch away next to someone or a group of people

這就意味著你可以在 一個人或一群人旁邊縫紉，

and ask questions that you're thinking

並問出你腦中的問題，

that often you don't get time to ask people,

那些你通常沒有時間 去問別人的問題，

或是在眼神接觸時你就會 緊張到問不出來的問題。

or you're too nervous to ask if you give them eye contact.

So you can get introverts, who are those big, deep thinkers,

所以你可以讓那些 深思熟慮的內向者說：

saying, "That's really interesting that you want to do

「很有意思的是你想要做那種

that extrovert form of activism that's about shaming people

重點是讓人感到羞恥或是 很快要跑去哪個地方的

or quickly going out somewhere,

外向式行動主義，

but who are you trying to target and how,

但你試圖瞄準的目標 是什麼人？你要怎麼做？

and is that the best way to do it?"

那是最好的做法嗎？」

So it means you could have these discussions in a very slow way,

那意味著你得用非常慢的 方式來進行這些討論，

which is great for the extrovert to slow down and think deeply,

對於外向者而言， 能慢下來深思是好事，

but it's really good for the introvert as well,

但這也對內向者很好，

to be heard and to feel part of that movement for change,

能被聽見，感覺有參與 造成改變的社會運動，

in a good way.

用一種好的方式。

Some ways we do it is stitch cards

我們的一些做法是縫紉卡片，

about what values we thread through our activism,

用針線描繪出我們行動主義的價值，

and making sure that we don't just react in unethical ways.

且能確保我們不會 用不道德的方式來因應。

One, sometimes we work with art institutions

有時，我們會和藝術機構合作，

我們能在維多利亞與艾伯特博物館 聚集超過 150 人，

where we will get over 150 people at the V&A

who can come for hours,

他們能來數小時，

sit and stitch together on a particular issue,

坐下來一起針對特定的議題做縫紉，

and then tweet what they're thinking or how it went, like this one.

然後用推特分享他們的想法 或過程狀況，就像這個。

Also, I always think that activism needs introverts

此外，我總是認為 行動主義需要內向者，

because we're really good at intimate activism.

因為我們非常擅長親密的行動主義。

So we're good at slow activism,

我們擅長緩慢的行動主義，

and we're really good at intimate activism,

我們也很擅長親密的行動主義，

and if this year has told us anything,

如果在這一年我們學到什麼，

it's told us that we need to, when we're engaging power holders,

那就是當我們遇到掌權人的時候，

we need to engage them by listening to people we disagree with,

我們要用的方式是 去傾聽我們不認同的人，

by building bridges not walls --

要建立橋樑而非圍牆──

walls or wars --

圍牆（walls）或戰爭（wars）──

and by being critical friends, not aggressive enemies.

要成為批判性的朋友， 而非好鬥的敵人。

And one example that I do a lot with introverts,

舉一個例子，我常和內向者這樣做，

but with lots of people,

和很多人都這樣做，

is make gifts for people in power,

就是為當權者做禮物，

so not be outside screaming at them,

不是在外面對著他們吼叫，

but to give them something like a bespoke handkerchief

而是給他們某件東西， 比如訂製的手帕，

上面寫：「別搞砸它。

saying, "Don't blow it.

Use your power for good.

把你的權力用在好的地方。

We know you've got a difficult job in your position of power.

我們知道你在這個有權力的位置， 工作是很困難的。

How can we help you?"

我們能如何協助你？」

And what's great is, for the introverts,

很棒的是，對於內向者，

we can write letters while we're making these gifts,

我們能一邊做這些禮物，一邊寫信，

so for us, Marks and Spencer,

所以對我們而言，馬莎百貨，

we tried to campaign to get them to implement the living wage.

我們試著發起運動， 讓他們採用最低維生薪資。

So we made all the 14 board members bespoke handkerchiefs.

所以我們為 14 位董事 通通做了訂製的手帕。

We wrote them letters, we boxed them up,

我們寫信給他們，我們把信裝箱，

and we went to the AGM to hand-deliver our gifts

我們跑去股東年會， 親手送我們的禮物，

and to have that form of intimate activism

進行那種親密式的行動主義，

where we had discussions with them.

並得以和他們進行討論。

And what was brilliant was that the chair of the board

很棒的是，董事長告訴我們

told us how amazing our campaign was,

我們的運動有多不可思議，

how heartfelt it was.

以及多麼窩心。

The board members, like Martha Lane Fox,

而董事們，如瑪莎．蓮恩．福克斯，

who has hundreds of thousands of followers on Twitter,

在推特上有數十萬的追隨者，

and highly influential in business,

且對商業的影響力也相當高，

tweeted how impressed she was,

她在推特上說她的印象有多麼深刻，

and within 10 months,

在十個月內，

we'd had meetings with Marks and Spencer

我們和馬莎百貨開了會議， 然後告訴他們：

to say, "We know this is difficult to be a living wage employer,

「我們知道身為最低 維生薪資的僱主是很困難的，

but if you can be one,

但如果你們能做到，

the rest of the sector will look at it,

這一行的其他人也都會看見，

and it's not right that some of your amazing workers are working full time

而且有些很棒的全職員工 仍然無法支付他們的帳單，

and still can't pay their bills.

這樣是不對的。

And we love Marks and Spencer.

我們愛馬莎百貨。

How can you be the role model that we want you to be?"

你們要如何成為我們 期望的那個典範呢？」

So that was that intimate form of activism.

那就是親密式的行動主 義。

We had lots of meetings with them.

我們和他們開了很多場會議，

We then gave them Christmas cards and Valentine's cards to say,

聖誕節和情人節我們都 送卡片給他們，寫著：

"We really want to encourage you to implement the living wage,

「我們真的很想要鼓勵你們 採用最低維生薪資。」

and within 10 months, they'd announced to the media

在十個月之內，他們對媒體宣布，

that they were going to pay the independent living wage, and now --

他們將會支付獨立的 最低維生薪資，而現在──

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Thank you.

謝謝。

And now we're trying to work with them to be accredited,

現在，我們在試著和他們合作， 取得正式認可，

which is really important,

這是很重要的，

and we went back to the last AGM this June

今年六月，我們又 去了上次的股東年會，

and we had these amazing one-to-one discussions with the board members,

和董事們進行了很棒的一對一討論，

who told us how much they loved their hankies

他們告訴我們，他們很愛那些手帕，

and how it really moved them, what we were doing,

我們所做的真的讓他們很感動，

and they all told us that if we were standing outside screaming at them

他們全都告訴我們， 如果我們的抗議方式是站在外頭

對他們大聲叫囂而不溫和，

and not being gentle in our protest,

they wouldn't have even listened to us,

他們就不會傾聽我們，

never mind had those discussions with us.

更不可能和我們進行討論。

And I think introverts are really good at intimate activism

我認為內向者非常 擅長親密式行動主義，

because we like to listen,

因為我們喜歡傾聽，

we like one-to-ones,

我們喜歡一對一，

we don't like small talks,

我們不喜歡閒聊，

we like those big, juicy issues to discuss with people,

我們喜歡和別人談 富有刺激性的大議題，

we don't like conflict,

我們不喜歡衝突，

so we avoid it at all costs,

所以我們會不計代價避免它，

which is really important when we're trying to engage power holders,

當我們面對掌權人時，這點很重要，

not to be conflicting with them all the time.

不要總是和他們衝突。

The third way I think activists are really missing out

我認為如果行動主義者 不納入內向者，

if they don't engage introverts

他們會錯失的第三點

is that introverts, like I said, can be half of the world's population,

就是我先前說的， 內向者佔世界人口的一半，

and most of us won't say that we're introvert,

我們大部分人都不會說自己內向，

or we get embarrassed by saying what overwhelms us.

或是我們不好意思說出 是什麼讓我們不知所措。

So for me, a few years ago,

所以，對我來說，幾年前，

my mom used to send me texts in capital letters --

我媽媽以前傳訊息給我時 都只會用大寫字──

and she can now do emojis and everything, she's fine --

現在她用表情符號之類的 都很行了──

but as soon as I'd see this text,

但當我看到這種訊息，

I'd wince and think, "Ooh, it's capital letters, it's too much."

我會皺眉蹙額，心想：「喔， 都是大寫字，太過頭了。」

And I'd have to ignore it to read the lovely text she sent me.

我得要忽視這現象，才能去 閱讀她傳給我的美好文字。

And that's a bit embarrassing,

要告訴別人說大寫字

to tell people that capital letters overwhelm you,

讓你不知所措， 的確是會有點不好意思，

but we really need introverts to help us do intriguing activism

但我們真的需要內向者， 來協助我們策劃出能吸引他們

that attracts them rather than puts them off.

而不是讓他們冷感的行動主義。

We're put off by big and brash giant posters

我們會冷感的包括大型的傲慢海報、

and capital letters and explanation marks

大寫字、驚嘆號、

telling us what to do and vying for our attention.

告訴我們要做什麼、 爭取我們的注意力。

So some of the things I do with people around the world who take part

所以，我和世界各地 一些參與者的做法

is make small bits of provocative street art

是去做爭議性的小型街頭藝術，

which are hung off eye level, very small,

掛在眼睛的高度，非常小型，

and they're provocative messages.

上面是爭議性的訊息。

They're not preaching at people or telling them what to do.

不會反覆灌輸鼓吹， 或告訴別人要怎麼做。

They're just getting people to engage in different ways,

目的只是要讓人們 用不同的方式參與，

and think for themselves,

並為他們自己想，

because we don't like to be told what to do.

因為我們不喜歡被告知要做什麼。

It might be wearing a green heart on your sleeve

可能是在你的袖子上 戴個綠色的愛心，

saying what you love and how climate change will affect it,

說說你愛的是什麼、 氣候改變會如何影響它，

and we'll wear it,

我們會戴著它，

and if people say,

如果有人說：

"Why are you wearing a green heart with the word 'chocolate' on?"

「你為什麼要戴個綠色愛心， 上面寫著『巧克力』？」

and we can have those one-to-one intimate conversations and say,

我們就能進行一對一的 親密交談，然後說：

"I love chocolate.

「我愛巧克力。

Climate change is going to affect it,

氣候變遷將會影響到它，

and I think there's lot of other things that climate change will affect,

且我想氣候變遷會影響到很多東西，

and I really want to make sure I'm part of the solution, not the problem."

我很想要成為解決方案的一部分， 而非問題的一部分。」

And then we deflect, because we don't like to be the center of attention,

接著我們會把話題轉向， 因為我們不喜歡成為注意的焦點，

and say, "What do you love and how will climate change affect it?"

說：「你愛什麼？ 氣候變遷會對它有什麼影響？」

Or it might be shop-dropping instead of shop-lifting,

或是在店內丟下東西 而非在店內行竊，

where we'll make little mini-scrolls with lovely stories on

我們會做小小的紙捲， 上面寫著美好的故事，

about what's the story behind your clothes.

關於你的衣服背後的故事。

Is it a joyful story of how it's made, or is it a torturous one?

它是個關於衣服製做的喜悅故事， 或是折磨人的故事？

And we'll just drop them in little pockets in shops,

我們會到店家內， 把紙捲放到口袋中，

all lowercase, all handwritten,

都是小寫字，都是手寫，

with kisses and smiley faces in ribbon,

夾帶親吻符號和笑臉，還有絲帶，

and then people are excited that they found it.

人們發現它的時候會很興奮。

And we often drop them in unethical shops

我們通常會把紙捲放在

or in front pockets,

不道德的店家中或前口袋裡，

and it's a way that we can do offline campaigning

用這種方式，我們可以 以線下的方式從事運動，

that engages us and doesn't burn us out,

讓我們能參與而不會冷感，

but also engages other people in an intriguing way online and offline.

同時也用很有趣的方式 讓其他人在線上及線下參與。

So I've got two calls to action,

我有兩項行動呼籲，

for the introverts and for the extroverts.

分別給內向者與外向者。

For the ambivert,

至於內向又外向者，

you're involved in all of it.

這些通通和你有關。

For the extroverts, I want to say that when you're planning a campaign,

對外向者，我想說的是， 當你在規劃一項運動時，

think about introverts.

要想想內向者。

Think about how valuable our skills are, just as much as extroverts'.

想想我們的技巧， 是和外向者的技巧一樣有價值。

We're good at slowing down and thinking deeply,

我們很擅長放慢速度和深思，

and the detail of issues, we're really good at bringing them out.

且我們真的很擅長 把議題的細節點出來。

We're good at intimate activism, so use us in that way.

我們擅長親密行動主義， 所以以那種方式來運用我們。

And we're good at intriguing people

我們也很擅長引發別人的好奇心，

by doing strange little things that help create conversations and thought.

我們會做奇怪的小事情 來協助創造交談和想法。

Introverts, my call to action for you is,

內向者，我給你們的呼籲是，

I know you like being on your own,

我知道你喜歡靠自己，

I know you like being in your head,

我知道你喜歡自己想事情，

but activism needs you,

但行動主義需要你，

so sometimes you've got to get out there.

有時你得要站出來。

It doesn't mean that you've got to turn into an extrovert and burn out,

那並不表示你得要變成外向者， 然後筋疲力竭，

because that's no use for anyone,

因為那樣對誰都沒用，

but what it does mean

真正的意思是，

is that you should value the skills and the traits that you have

是你應該要重視 你擁有的技巧和特質，

that activism needs.

行動主義需要它們。

So for everyone in this room,

所以，在座各位，

whether you're an extrovert or an introvert or an ambivert,

不論你是外向者、內向者， 或外向又內向者，

the world needs you now more than ever,

現在是世界最需要你的時候，

and you've got no excuse not to get involved.

你沒有藉口不參與。

Thanks.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）